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Tang Y, Liu T, Sun S, Peng Y, Huang X, Wang S, Zhou Z. Role and Mechanism of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Chronic Kidney Disease. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2861-2871. [PMID: 38741613 PMCID: PMC11090192 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s451398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
GDF-15 is an essential member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. Its functions mainly involve in tissue injury, inflammation, fibrosis, regulation of appetite and weight, development of tumor, and cardiovascular disease. GDF-15 is involved in various signaling pathways, such as MAPK pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway, STAT3 pathway, RET pathway, and SMAD pathway. In addition, several factors such as p53, ROS, and TNF-α participate the regulation of GDF-15. However, the specific mechanism of these factors regulating GDF-15 is still unclear and more research is needed to explore them. GDF-15 mainly improves the function of kidneys in CKD and plays an important role in the prediction of CKD progression and cardiovascular complications. In addition, the role of GDF-15 in the kidney may be related to the SMAD and MAPK pathways. However, the specific mechanism of these pathways remains unclear. Accordingly, more research on the specific mechanism of GDF-15 affecting kidney disease is needed in the future. In conclusion, GDF-15 may be a therapeutic target for kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Tang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Organ Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shibo Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youbo Peng
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, Xishuangbanna, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangquan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, Xishuangbanna, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhu Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
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Wu Y, Mao M, Wang LJ. Integrated clustering signature of genomic heterogeneity, stemness and tumor microenvironment predicts glioma prognosis and immunotherapy response. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9086-9104. [PMID: 37698534 PMCID: PMC10522363 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is the most frequent primary tumor of the central nervous system. The high heterogeneity of glioma tumors enables them to adapt to challenging environments, leading to resistance to treatment. Therefore, to detect the driving factors and improve the prognosis of glioma, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the genomic heterogeneity, stemness, and immune microenvironment of glioma. METHODS We classified gliomas into various subtypes based on stemness, genomic heterogeneity, and immune microenvironment consensus clustering analysis. We identified risk hub genes linked to heterogeneous characteristics using WGCNA, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analysis and utilized them to create an effective risk model. RESULTS We thoroughly investigated the genomic heterogeneity, stemness, and immune microenvironment of glioma and identified the risk hub genes RAB42, SH2D4A, and GDF15 based on the TCGA dataset. We developed a risk model utilizing these genes that can reliably predict the prognosis of glioma patients. The risk signature showed a positive correlation with T cell exhaustion and increased infiltration of immunosuppressive cells, and a negative correlation with the response to immunotherapy. Moreover, we discovered that SH2D4A, one of the risk hub genes, could stimulate the migration and proliferation of glioma cells. CONCLUSIONS This study identified risk hub genes and established a risk model by analyzing the genomic heterogeneity, stemness, and immune microenvironment of glioma. Our findings will facilitate the diagnosis and prediction of glioma prognosis and may lead to potential treatment strategies for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wu
- Advanced Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Meng Mao
- Advanced Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
- Research of Trauma Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Lin-Jian Wang
- Advanced Medical Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
- Research of Trauma Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
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Daei Sorkhabi A, Sarkesh A, Saeedi H, Marofi F, Ghaebi M, Silvestris N, Baradaran B, Brunetti O. The Basis and Advances in Clinical Application of Cytomegalovirus-Specific Cytotoxic T Cell Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme. Front Oncol 2022; 12:818447. [PMID: 35515137 PMCID: PMC9062077 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.818447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A high percentage of malignant gliomas are infected by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), and the endogenous expression of HCMV genes and their products are found in these tumors. HCMV antigen expression and its implications in gliomagenesis have emerged as a promising target for adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACT) strategies in glioblastoma multiforme (GB) patients. Since antigen-specific T cells in the tumor microenvironments lack efficient anti-tumor immune response due to the immunosuppressive nature of glioblastoma, CMV-specific ACT relies on in vitro expansion of CMV-specific CD8+ T cells employing immunodominant HCMV antigens. Given the fact that several hurdles remain to be conquered, recent clinical trials have outlined the feasibility of CMV-specific ACT prior to tumor recurrence with minimal adverse effects and a substantial improvement in median overall survival and progression-free survival. This review discusses the role of HCMV in gliomagenesis, disease prognosis, and recent breakthroughs in harnessing HCMV-induced immunogenicity in the GB tumor microenvironment to develop effective CMV-specific ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Daei Sorkhabi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aila Sarkesh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Saeedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ghaebi
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Bekeschus S, Ispirjan M, Freund E, Kinnen F, Moritz J, Saadati F, Eckroth J, Singer D, Stope MB, Wende K, Ritter CA, Schroeder HWS, Marx S. Gas Plasma Exposure of Glioblastoma Is Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory in Patient-Derived GBM Tissue. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030813. [PMID: 35159079 PMCID: PMC8834374 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite treatment advances, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains an often-fatal disease, motivating novel therapeutic avenues. Gas plasma is a technology that has been recently employed in preclinical oncology research and acts primarily via reactive oxygen-species-induced cell death. In addition, the modulation of immune processes and inflammation have been ascribed to gas plasma exposure. This is the first study that extends those observations from in vitro investigations to a set of 16 patient-derived GBM tumor biopsies analyzed after gas plasma treatment ex vivo. Besides cell culture results showing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction, an immunomodulatory potential was identified for gas plasma exposure in vitro and cultured GBM tissues. The proapoptotic action shown in this study might be an important step forward to the first clinical observational studies on the future discovery of gas plasma technology’s potential in neurosurgery and neuro-oncology. Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant adult brain tumor. Therapeutic options for glioblastoma are maximal surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Therapy resistance and tumor recurrence demand, however, new strategies. Several experimental studies have suggested gas plasma technology, a partially ionized gas that generates a potent mixture of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as a future complement to the existing treatment arsenal. However, aspects such as immunomodulation, inflammatory consequences, and feasibility studies using GBM tissue have not been addressed so far. In vitro, gas plasma generated ROS that oxidized cells and led to a treatment time-dependent metabolic activity decline and G2 cell cycle arrest. In addition, peripheral blood-derived monocytes were co-cultured with glioblastoma cells, and immunomodulatory surface expression markers and cytokine release were screened. Gas plasma treatment of either cell type, for instance, decreased the expression of the M2-macrophage marker CD163 and the tolerogenic molecule SIGLEC1 (CD169). In patient-derived GBM tissue samples exposed to the plasma jet kINPen ex vivo, apoptosis was significantly increased. Quantitative chemokine/cytokine release screening revealed gas plasma exposure to significantly decrease 5 out of 11 tested chemokines and cytokines, namely IL-6, TGF-β, sTREM-2, b-NGF, and TNF-α involved in GBM apoptosis and immunomodulation. In summary, the immuno-modulatory and proapoptotic action shown in this study might be an important step forward to first clinical observational studies on the future discovery of gas plasma technology’s potential in neurosurgery and neuro-oncology especially in putative adjuvant or combinatory GBM treatment settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mikael Ispirjan
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (H.W.S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Eric Freund
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frederik Kinnen
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (H.W.S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Juliane Moritz
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Fariba Saadati
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Eckroth
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Matthias B. Stope
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Bonn University Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Kristian Wende
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (M.I.); (E.F.); (F.K.); (J.M.); (F.S.); (J.E.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Christoph A. Ritter
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 1, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Henry W. S. Schroeder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (H.W.S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Sascha Marx
- Department of Neurosurgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (H.W.S.S.); (S.M.)
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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