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Li X, Li W, Zhang Y, Xu L, Song Y. Exploiting the potential of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in overcoming tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101150. [PMID: 38947742 PMCID: PMC11214299 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) targeting BCR-ABL has drastically changed the treatment approach of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), greatly prolonged the life of CML patients, and improved their prognosis. However, TKI resistance is still a major problem with CML patients, reducing the efficacy of treatment and their quality of life. TKI resistance is mainly divided into BCR-ABL-dependent and BCR-ABL-independent resistance. Now, the main clinical strategy addressing TKI resistance is to switch to newly developed TKIs. However, data have shown that these new drugs may cause serious adverse reactions and intolerance and cannot address all resistance mutations. Therefore, finding new therapeutic targets to overcome TKI resistance is crucial and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has emerged as a focus. The UPS mediates the degradation of most proteins in organisms and controls a wide range of physiological processes. In recent years, the study of UPS in hematological malignant tumors has resulted in effective treatments, such as bortezomib in the treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. In CML, the components of UPS cooperate or antagonize the efficacy of TKI by directly or indirectly affecting the ubiquitination of BCR-ABL, interfering with CML-related signaling pathways, and negatively or positively affecting leukemia stem cells. Some of these molecules may help overcome TKI resistance and treat CML. In this review, the mechanism of TKI resistance is briefly described, the components of UPS are introduced, existing studies on UPS participating in TKI resistance are listed, and UPS as the therapeutic target and strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Linping Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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Kahnt AS, Häfner AK, Steinhilber D. The role of human 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) in carcinogenesis - a question of canonical and non-canonical functions. Oncogene 2024; 43:1319-1327. [PMID: 38575760 PMCID: PMC11065698 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), a fatty acid oxygenase, is the central enzyme in leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis, potent arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators released by innate immune cells, that control inflammatory and allergic responses. In addition, through interaction with 12- and 15-lipoxgenases, the enzyme is involved in the formation of omega-3 fatty acid-based oxylipins, which are thought to be involved in the resolution of inflammation. The expression of 5-LO is frequently deregulated in solid and liquid tumors, and there is strong evidence that the enzyme plays an important role in carcinogenesis. However, global inhibition of LT formation and signaling has not yet shown the desired success in clinical trials. Curiously, the release of 5-LO-derived lipid mediators from tumor cells is often low, and the exact mechanism by which 5-LO influences tumor cell function is poorly understood. Recent data now show that in addition to releasing oxylipins, 5-LO can also influence gene expression in a lipid mediator-independent manner. These non-canonical functions, including modulation of miRNA processing and transcription factor shuttling, most likely influence cancer cell function and the tumor microenvironment and might explain the low clinical efficacy of pharmacological strategies that previously only targeted oxylipin formation and signaling by 5-LO. This review summarizes the canonical and non-canonical functions of 5-LO with a particular focus on tumorigenesis, highlights unresolved issues, and suggests future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid S Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Li K, Wang M, Huang ZH, Wang M, Sun WY, Kurihara H, Huang RT, Wang R, Huang F, Liang L, Li YF, Duan WJ, He RR. ALOX5 inhibition protects against dopaminergic neurons undergoing ferroptosis. Pharmacol Res 2023:106779. [PMID: 37121496 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative disruption of dopaminergic neurons is regarded as a crucial pathogenesis in Parkinson's disease (PD), eventually causing neurodegenerative progression. (-)-Clausenamide (Clau) is an alkaloid isolated from plant Clausena lansium (Lour.), which is well-known as a scavenger of lipid peroxide products and exhibiting neuroprotective activities both in vivo and in vitro, yet with the in-depth molecular mechanism unrevealed. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects and mechanisms of Clau on dopaminergic neuron. Our results showed that Clau directly interacted with the Ser663 of ALOX5, the PKCα-phosphorylation site, and thus prevented the nuclear translocation of ALOX5, which was essential for catalyzing the production of toxic lipids 5-HETE. LC-MS/MS-based phospholipidomics analysis demonstrated that the oxidized membrane lipids were involved in triggering ferroptotic death in dopaminergic neurons. Furthermore, the inhibition of ALOX5 was found to significantly improving behavioral defects in PD mouse model, which was confirmed associated with the effects of attenuating the accumulation of lipid peroxides and neuronal damages. Collectively, our findings provide an attractive strategy for PD therapy by targeting ALOX5 and preventing ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research
| | - Meng Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research
| | - Zi-Han Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research
| | - Min Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research
| | - Wan-Yang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research
| | - Rui-Ting Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Feng Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research.
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research.
| | - Wen-Jun Duan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research.
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
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4
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Yin Z, Liao M, Yan R, Li G, Ou R, Liu Z, Zhong Q, Shen H, Zhu Y, Xie S, Zhang Q, Liu S, Huang J. Transcriptome- and metabolome-based candidate mechanism of BCR-ABL-independent resistance to olverembatinib in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:53. [PMID: 36717477 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-00980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Olverembatinib represents the third-generation breakpoint cluster region protein-Abelson-murine leukemia 1 (BCR-ABL1) tyrosine kinase inhibitor with oral bioavailability, which can be used to overcome the T315I mutation in Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph +) leukemia. BCR-ABL-independent resistance to olverembatinib has been reported among patients in various clinical cases. However, the mechanism of olverembatinib resistance has rarely been reported. This study has illustrated bone marrow cell transcriptome and metabolome profiles among Ph + acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) cases pre- and post-olverembatinib resistance. The transcriptome studies demonstrated that PI3K/AKT, purine metabolism, and other signaling pathways could play a vital role in olverembatinib resistance. As suggested by metabolomics, olverembatinib resistance in Ph + ALL was associated with purine metabolism alterations. Subsequently, high-performance liquid chromatography along with real-time quantitative PCR was utilized to measure purine metabolism-related mRNA levels and metabolism expression levels between olverembatinib resistance and sensitive cell lines. Our results elucidate the mechanism of olverembatinib resistance in Ph + ALL at transcriptome and metabolome levels, which facilitate a better understanding of olverembatinib resistance and hence may prove crucial in identifying novel drugs to tackle this conundrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yin
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Meiyan Liao
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Rongrong Yan
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Guangchao Li
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Ruiming Ou
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Huijuan Shen
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Yangmin Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Shuangfeng Xie
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Yanjiang West Road 107#, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Xin Gang Zhong Road 466#, Haizhu Distict, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
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5
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Ma D, Liu P, Hu C, Zhou Z, Wang P, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ran Y, Li P, Zhao J, Wang J, Zhang C, Tang L. Intracellular angiopoietin-1 promotes TKI-resistance via activation of JAK/STAT5 pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2023; 42:124-137. [PMID: 36385374 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance from BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and other chemotherapeutics results in treatment failure and disease progression in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, the mechanism is still uncertain. In this study, we investigated the role of angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1) as a potential prognostic factor for drug resistance in CML. Both intracellular and secretory ANG-1 (iANG-1 and sANG-1) were overexpressed in multidrug-resistant CML samples. The IC50 value was higher in primary CD34+ CD38- cells with more ANG-1. Silencing ANG-1significantly sensitized three TKI-resistant CML cell lines to imatinib (IM) while recombinant human ANG-1 failed to retain cell survival in vitro. This indicated the important role of iANG-1 as opposed to sANG-1 in CML drug resistance. Moreover, a similar effect was observed in xenograft mice models bearing ANG-1-silenced CML cells. Subsequently, pathway analysis and protein validation experiments showed activation of the JAK/STAT pathway and augmentation of STAT5a phosphorylation in ANG-1 restored CML cells. Upstream Src phosphorylation, which plays a crucial role in CML drug resistance, was also upregulated as a key event in iANG-1-related JAK/STAT pathway activation. In conclusion, our study elucidated a new BCR-ABL independent molecular mechanism induced by intracytoplasmic ANG-1 overexpression as a potential strategy for overcoming CML resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Chujiao Hu
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yaming Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yunsheng Ran
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Pinghao Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jiangyuan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jishi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic & Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Lei Tang
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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Knock-out of 5-lipoxygenase in overexpressing tumor cells-consequences on gene expression and cellular function. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:108-123. [PMID: 36114329 PMCID: PMC9842508 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), the central enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, is frequently expressed in human solid malignancies even though the enzyme is not present in the corresponding healthy tissues. There is little knowledge on the consequences of this expression for the tumor cells regarding gene expression and cellular function. We established a knockout (KO) of 5-LO in different cancer cell lines (HCT-116, HT-29, U-2 OS) and studied the consequences on global gene expression using next generation sequencing. Furthermore, cell viability, proliferation, migration and multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) formation were studied in these cells. Our results show that 5-LO influences the gene expression and cancer cell function in a cell type-dependent manner. The enzyme affected genes involved in cell adhesion, extracellular matrix formation, G protein signaling and cytoskeleton organization. Furthermore, absence of 5-LO elevated TGFβ2 expression in HCT-116 cells while MCP-1, fractalkine and platelet-derived growth factor expression was attenuated in U-2 OS cells suggesting that tumor cell-derived 5-LO shapes the tumor microenvironment. In line with the gene expression data, KO of 5-LO had an impact on cell proliferation, motility and MCTS formation. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of 5-LO only partly mimicked the KO suggesting that also noncanonical functions are involved.
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Kawano T, Inokuchi J, Eto M, Murata M, Kang JH. Protein Kinase C (PKC) Isozymes as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5425. [PMID: 36358843 PMCID: PMC9658272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a large family of calcium- and phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinases that consists of at least 11 isozymes. Based on their structural characteristics and mode of activation, the PKC family is classified into three subfamilies: conventional or classic (cPKCs; α, βI, βII, and γ), novel or non-classic (nPKCs; δ, ε, η, and θ), and atypical (aPKCs; ζ, ι, and λ) (PKCλ is the mouse homolog of PKCι) PKC isozymes. PKC isozymes play important roles in proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and anticancer drug resistance in cancer cells. Several studies have shown a positive relationship between PKC isozymes and poor disease-free survival, poor survival following anticancer drug treatment, and increased recurrence. Furthermore, a higher level of PKC activation has been reported in cancer tissues compared to that in normal tissues. These data suggest that PKC isozymes represent potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge and discusses the potential of PKC isozymes as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Kawano
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jeong-Hun Kang
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Shinmachi, Kishibe, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
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Assanto GM, Scalzulli E, Carmosino I, Martelli M, Breccia M. From bench to bedside: bridging the gaps in best practices for real-world chronic myeloid leukemia care. Expert Rev Hematol 2022; 15:963-971. [PMID: 36305791 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2142112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) determined an improvement of responses and overall survival (OS) in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) patients, some patients still fail the achievement of important milestones. AREAS COVERED In this review, we focus on the need of appropriate molecular and mutational monitoring during TKI treatment with new laboratory tools and on new compounds developed to counteract the unmet clinical need in CP-CML. EXPERT OPINION The appropriate identification of BCR::ABL1 dependent and independent mechanisms of resistance with Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) can allow to improve the therapeutic strategies and prevent the onset of a failure to treatment. New compounds have been recently approved or are still in investigational trials to improve the response in some critical forms of resistance and/or intolerance to available TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Manfredi Assanto
- Department Cellular Biotechnol & Hematol, Az. Policlinico Umberto I-Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Scalzulli
- Department Cellular Biotechnol & Hematol, Az. Policlinico Umberto I-Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Carmosino
- Department Cellular Biotechnol & Hematol, Az. Policlinico Umberto I-Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Martelli
- Department Cellular Biotechnol & Hematol, Az. Policlinico Umberto I-Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Breccia
- Department Cellular Biotechnol & Hematol, Az. Policlinico Umberto I-Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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The Activity of Novel BCR-ABL Small-Molecule Degraders Containing Pyrimidine Rings and Their Role in Overcoming Drug Resistance. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:4056398. [PMID: 36349200 PMCID: PMC9637472 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4056398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Inducing protein degradation by proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) has gained tremendous momentum in the field for its promise in the discovery and development of new therapies. Based on our previously reported PROTAC BCR-ABL degraders, we designed and synthesized additional 4 PROTAC compounds with a novel linker that contains pyrimidine rings. Molecular and cellular studies have shown that different linkers affect the degradation activity of small-molecule degraders on the target protein of BCR-ABL. We screened out a lead compound, DMP11, with stable physicochemical properties and high activity. Preliminary evaluation of its pharmacodynamics in vitro model showed that it has a good inhibitory effect on imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines, as has been shown in animal models. Our preliminary research into the mechanism of DMP11 found that DMP11 can overcome drug resistance by simultaneously inhibiting the targets of BCR-ABL and SRC-family kinase (SFK).
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Kumar V, Jyotirmayee, Verma M. Developing therapeutic approaches for chronic myeloid leukemia: a review. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:1013-1029. [PMID: 36214892 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Modern clinical therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with TKIs is highly efficacious in most CML patients, while it is not remedial and generally confined due to intolerance or resistance. CML is currently considered a severe disease. Interestingly, stem cell transplantation in the past decade was an attractive clinical therapeutic option in CML patients, but it is not successful due to independently more death rates in older patients. So, the targeting of BCR::ABL oncoprotein is extensively used to enhance the reduction in a higher percentage of CML patients by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, resistance or intolerance responses to these inhibitors are responsible for future deterioration and further development of disease. At this point, the clinical treatment of CML is a major challenge, and the lack of molecular responses to TKIs are not succeeded with chemotherapy alone. So, the considerable efficacious clinical necessities remain unmet. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to explore new potential treatment strategies with an increasing understanding of CML biology. Therefore, this review deals with the investigation of TKI treatment with interferon, chemotherapy (Hydroxyurea, Homoharringtonine, Omacetaxine, Cytarabine), and several other new TKIs under beneficial clinical trials. Additionally, the approaches towards TKIs-resistant or intolerant CML cells where the respective signaling pathway gets up-regulated are also targeted with its inhibitor. This review presents evidence that new TKIs under clinical and pre-clinical trials may improve the chemotherapy of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerandra Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyotirmayee
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Malkhey Verma
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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11
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BCR-ABL1 Tyrosine Kinase Complex Signaling Transduction: Challenges to Overcome Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010215. [PMID: 35057108 PMCID: PMC8780254 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The constitutively active BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase, found in t(9;22)(q34;q11) chromosomal translocation-derived leukemia, initiates an extremely complex signaling transduction cascade that induces a strong state of resistance to chemotherapy. Targeted therapies based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib, have revolutionized the treatment of BCR-ABL1-driven leukemia, particularly chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, TKIs do not cure CML patients, as some develop TKI resistance and the majority relapse upon withdrawal from treatment. Importantly, although BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase is necessary to initiate and establish the malignant phenotype of Ph-related leukemia, in the later advanced phase of the disease, BCR-ABL1-independent mechanisms are also in place. Here, we present an overview of the signaling pathways initiated by BCR-ABL1 and discuss the major challenges regarding immunologic/pharmacologic combined therapies.
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Immanuel T, Li J, Green TN, Bogdanova A, Kalev-Zylinska ML. Deregulated calcium signaling in blood cancer: Underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1010506. [PMID: 36330491 PMCID: PMC9623116 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1010506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular calcium signaling regulates diverse physiological and pathological processes. In solid tumors, changes to calcium channels and effectors via mutations or changes in expression affect all cancer hallmarks. Such changes often disrupt transport of calcium ions (Ca2+) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or mitochondria, impacting apoptosis. Evidence rapidly accumulates that this is similar in blood cancer. Principles of intracellular Ca2+ signaling are outlined in the introduction. We describe different Ca2+-toolkit components and summarize the unique relationship between extracellular Ca2+ in the endosteal niche and hematopoietic stem cells. The foundational data on Ca2+ homeostasis in red blood cells is discussed, with the demonstration of changes in red blood cell disorders. This leads to the role of Ca2+ in neoplastic erythropoiesis. Then we expand onto the neoplastic impact of deregulated plasma membrane Ca2+ channels, ER Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ pumps and exchangers, as well as Ca2+ sensor and effector proteins across all types of hematologic neoplasms. This includes an overview of genetic variants in the Ca2+-toolkit encoding genes in lymphoid and myeloid cancers as recorded in publically available cancer databases. The data we compiled demonstrate that multiple Ca2+ homeostatic mechanisms and Ca2+ responsive pathways are altered in hematologic cancers. Some of these alterations may have genetic basis but this requires further investigation. Most changes in the Ca2+-toolkit do not appear to define/associate with specific disease entities but may influence disease grade, prognosis, treatment response, and certain complications. Further elucidation of the underlying mechanisms may lead to novel treatments, with the aim to tailor drugs to different patterns of deregulation. To our knowledge this is the first review of its type in the published literature. We hope that the evidence we compiled increases awareness of the calcium signaling deregulation in hematologic neoplasms and triggers more clinical studies to help advance this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Immanuel
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jixia Li
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan City, China
| | - Taryn N. Green
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna Bogdanova
- Red Blood Cell Research Group, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maggie L. Kalev-Zylinska
- Blood and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Haematology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Maggie L. Kalev-Zylinska,
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Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia-From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Relevance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194820. [PMID: 34638304 PMCID: PMC8508378 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasia associated with a molecular alteration, the fusion gene BCR-ABL1, that encodes the tyrosine kinase oncoprotein BCR-ABL1. This led to the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), with Imatinib being the first TKI approved. Although the vast majority of CML patients respond to Imatinib, resistance to this targeted therapy contributes to therapeutic failure and relapse. Here we review the molecular mechanisms and other factors (e.g., patient adherence) involved in TKI resistance, the methodologies to access these mechanisms, and the possible therapeutic approaches to circumvent TKI resistance in CML. Abstract Resistance to targeted therapies is a complex and multifactorial process that culminates in the selection of a cancer clone with the ability to evade treatment. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was the first malignancy recognized to be associated with a genetic alteration, the t(9;22)(q34;q11). This translocation originates the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, encoding the cytoplasmic chimeric BCR-ABL1 protein that displays an abnormally high tyrosine kinase activity. Although the vast majority of patients with CML respond to Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), resistance might occur either de novo or during treatment. In CML, the TKI resistance mechanisms are usually subdivided into BCR-ABL1-dependent and independent mechanisms. Furthermore, patients’ compliance/adherence to therapy is critical to CML management. Techniques with enhanced sensitivity like NGS and dPCR, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, and the development of mathematical modeling and computational prediction methods could reveal the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance and facilitate the design of more effective treatment strategies for improving drug efficacy in CML patients. Here we review the molecular mechanisms and other factors involved in resistance to TKIs in CML and the new methodologies to access these mechanisms, and the therapeutic approaches to circumvent TKI resistance.
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