Del Valle-Moreno P, Suarez-Casillas P, Mejías-Trueba M, Ciudad-Gutiérrez P, Guisado-Gil AB, Gil-Navarro MV, Herrera-Hidalgo L. Model-Informed Precision Dosing Software Tools for Dosage Regimen Individualization: A Scoping Review.
Pharmaceutics 2023;
15:1859. [PMID:
37514045 PMCID:
PMC10386689 DOI:
10.3390/pharmaceutics15071859]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Pharmacokinetic nomograms, equations, and software are considered the main tools available for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM). Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) is an advanced discipline of TDM that allows dose individualization, and requires a software for knowledge integration and statistical calculations. Due to its precision and extensive applicability, the use of these software is widespread in clinical practice. However, the currently available evidence on these tools remains scarce.
OBJECTIVES
To review and summarize the available evidence on MIPD software tools to facilitate its identification, evaluation, and selection by users.
METHODS
An electronic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, OpenAIRE, and BASE before July 2022. The PRISMA-ScR was applied. The main inclusion criteria were studies focused on developing software for use in clinical practice, research, or modelling.
RESULTS
Twenty-eight software were classified as MIPD software. Ten are currently unavailable. The remaining 18 software were described in depth. It is noteworthy that all MIPD software used Bayesian statistical methods to estimate drug exposure and all provided a population model by default, except NONMEN.
CONCLUSIONS
Pharmacokinetic software have become relevant tools for TDM. MIPD software have been compared, facilitating its selection for use in clinical practice. However, it would be interesting to standardize the quality and validate the software tools.
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