Sonography of the first dorsal metatarsal artery of the foot

Using 320-detector row computed tomography angiography to investigate the arterial anatomy of the toe flaps on living humans

PURPOSE

Using 320-detector row computed tomography angiography (320-CTA) to investigate the arterial supply for the toe flaps, namely the anatomical characteristics of the dorsalis pedis artery (DPA), the first dorsal metatarsal artery (FDMA), and the arteries of the first toe web space (AsFTWS).

METHODS

This was a prospective study on CTA of 72 intact feet of 36 Vietnamese adults who had sequelae of thumb or metacarpal hand amputation, from June 2017 to December 2019, then preoperative CTA images were compared with surgical findings on 31 feet of 29 patients.

RESULTS

320-CTA was able to investigate the DPA, FDMA, and AsFTWS in 100% of cases. DPA was absent in 6.9% of cases. The average diameters at its origin and termination were 3.22 and 2.56 mm, respectively. For FDMA, the rates of Gilbert type I, II, and III were 52.8%, 18.1%, and 29.2%; the average diameters at its origin and termination were 1.98 and 1.67 mm, respectively. At the first toe web space, FDMA was dominant in 54.2% of cases; the first plantar metatarsal artery (FPMA) was dominant in 29.2% of cases; both arteries were equally dominant in 16.6%. The average diameter at the origin of the lateral plantar digital artery of the great toe was 1.48 mm, of the medial plantar digital artery of the second toe was 1.21 mm. Preoperative CTA images resembled the surgical findings in all cases. The survival rate of toe flaps was 100%.

CONCLUSION

The 320-CTA provided proper preoperative images in two and three dimensions, and helped surgeons to establish a preoperative surgical plan, thus increasing the success rate of toe transfer surgery.