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Alexander RG, Yazdanie F, Waite S, Chaudhry ZA, Kolla S, Macknik SL, Martinez-Conde S. Visual Illusions in Radiology: Untrue Perceptions in Medical Images and Their Implications for Diagnostic Accuracy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:629469. [PMID: 34177444 PMCID: PMC8226024 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.629469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Errors in radiologic interpretation are largely the result of failures of perception. This remains true despite the increasing use of computer-aided detection and diagnosis. We surveyed the literature on visual illusions during the viewing of radiologic images. Misperception of anatomical structures is a potential cause of error that can lead to patient harm if disease is seen when none is present. However, visual illusions can also help enhance the ability of radiologists to detect and characterize abnormalities. Indeed, radiologists have learned to exploit certain perceptual biases in diagnostic findings and as training tools. We propose that further detailed study of radiologic illusions would help clarify the mechanisms underlying radiologic performance and provide additional heuristics to improve radiologist training and reduce medical error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Alexander
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Fahd Yazdanie
- Department of Radiology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Stephen Waite
- Department of Radiology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Zeshan A Chaudhry
- Department of Radiology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Srinivas Kolla
- Department of Radiology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Stephen L Macknik
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Susana Martinez-Conde
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States.,Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
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Smereczyński A, Kołaczyk K, Bernatowicz E. Intra-abdominal fat. Part III. Neoplasms lesions of the adipose tissue. J Ultrason 2016; 16:145-54. [PMID: 27446599 PMCID: PMC4954860 DOI: 10.15557/jou.2016.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This article focuses on various cancerous lesions that are found beyond organs in the intra-abdominal fat and can be visualized with ultrasonography. These lesions are divided into five groups. The first group includes primary benign tumors containing adipocytes, such as lipoma, lipoblastoma, hibernoma and other lesions with an adipose tissue component, such as myolipoma, angiomyolipoma, myelolipoma and teratoma. The second group comprises primary malignant adipocytecontaining tumors, including liposarcoma and immature teratoma. The third group contains primary benign tumors without an adipocyte component that are located in intra-abdominal fat. This is a numerous group of lesions represented by cystic and solid tumors. The fourth group encompasses primary malignant tumors without an adipocyte component that are located in intra-abdominal fat. These are rare lesions associated mainly with sarcomas: fibrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, hemangiopericytoma and leiomyosarcoma. An epithelioid tumor at this site is mesothelioma. The last but not least group includes secondary malignant tumors without an adipocyte component located in intra-abdominal fat. This is the most numerous group with prevailing carcinoma foci. For each of these groups, the authors present ultrasound features of individual lesions and discuss their differential diagnosis. In the vast majority of cases, the material for cytological and histological analysis can be obtained during ultrasound-guided procedures. This is the advantage of this imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Smereczyński
- Self-Education Ultrasound Study Group, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kołaczyk
- Self-Education Ultrasound Study Group, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Bernatowicz
- Self-Education Ultrasound Study Group, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
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Kim Y, Lee M, Ryu YJ, Cho MS. The pleural sandwich sign in two cases of primary pleural lymphoma. Korean J Radiol 2015; 16:213-6. [PMID: 25598693 PMCID: PMC4296274 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2015.16.1.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The sandwich sign is used to describe mesenteric lymphoma in which mesenteric vessels and fat are enveloped by enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. We present two cases of primary pleural lymphoma demonstrating the "pleural sandwich sign". Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed conglomerated parietal pleural and extrapleural masses encasing the intercostal arteries. Histopathological examinations confirmed low grade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma in an 80-year-old man and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a 68-year-old man. The pleural sandwich sign may suggest the diagnosis of primary pleural lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yookyung Kim
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Korea
| | - Myungjae Lee
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Korea
| | - Yon Ju Ryu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Korea
| | - Min-Sun Cho
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710, Korea
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