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Hayashi Y. Problematic mobile phone use as impulsive choice: Development and empirical verification of a reinforcer-pathology model. J Exp Anal Behav 2024; 121:189-200. [PMID: 38148676 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Problematic mobile phone use is characterized by its "impulsive" nature; users engage in it despite their negative attitude toward it. From a behavioral-economic perspective, this attitude-behavior discrepancy is generated by competing contingencies that involve smaller-sooner social reinforcers associated with mobile phone use and larger-later prosocial reinforcers potentially compromised by phone use. Based on this conceptualization, the reinforcer-pathology model of problematic mobile phone use is proposed, which posits that such phone use stems from excessive delay discounting of the social and prosocial reinforcers and/or excessive demand for the social reinforcers. A secondary data analysis of previously published studies was conducted, with the novel addition of principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of these data. The results generated evidence that supports the reinforcer-pathology model proposed in this article. Based on the theoretical analyses and accumulated empirical evidence, theory-driven prevention and intervention strategies for problematic mobile phone use are proposed. Overall, the reinforcer-pathology model of problematic mobile phone use provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and addressing this growing issue.
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Hayashi Y, Friedel JE, Foreman AM, Wirth O. A hierarchical cluster analysis of young drivers based on their perceived risk and frequency of texting while driving. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2023; 85:398-404. [PMID: 37330889 PMCID: PMC10425917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study attempted to provide a proof-of-concept of usefulness of cluster analysis for identifying distinct and practically meaningful subgroups of drivers who differed in their perceived risk and frequency of texting while driving (TWD). METHOD Using a hierarchical cluster analysis, which involves sequential steps in which individual cases are merged together one at a time based on their similarities, the study first attempted to identify distinct subgroups of drivers who differed in their perceived risk and frequency of TWD. To further evaluate the meaningfulness of the subgroups identified, the subgroups were compared in terms of levels of trait impulsivity and impulsive decision making for each gender. RESULTS The study identified the following three distinct subgroups: (a) drivers who perceive TWD as risky but frequently engage in TWD; (b) drivers who perceive TWD as risky and infrequently engage in TWD; and (c) drivers who perceive TWD as not so risky and frequently engage in TWD. The subgroup of male, but not female, drivers who perceive TWD as risky but frequently engage in TWD showed significantly higher levels of trait impulsivity, but not impulsive decision making, than the other two subgroups. DISCUSSION This is the first demonstration that drivers who frequently engage in TWD can be categorized into two distinct subgroups that differ in terms of the perceived risk of TWD. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS For drivers who perceived TWD as risky yet frequently engage in TWD, the present study suggests that different intervention strategies may be needed for each gender.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne M Foreman
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, United States
| | - Oliver Wirth
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, United States
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A behavioral economic demand analysis of media multitasking in the college classroom: A cluster analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hayashi Y, Fisher NM, Hantula DA, Furman L, Washio Y. A behavioral economic demand analysis of mothers' decision to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace. J Exp Anal Behav 2022; 118:132-147. [PMID: 35607847 DOI: 10.1002/jeab.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The present study determined whether behavioral economic demand analysis could characterize mothers' decision to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace. Females, aged between 18 and 50 who have given birth in the past three years, completed a novel demand task with hypothetical scenarios, in which they returned to work with a 2-month-old baby. Participants rated their likelihood of breastfeeding their baby at a workplace lactation room versus formula-feeding their baby at their desk. The distance to the lactation room ranged from 10 s to 60 min. This assessment was conducted with and without hypothetical financial incentives for 6-month exclusive breastfeeding. Primary dependent measures were demand intensity and change in demand elasticity, which could conceptually represent initiation and continuation of breastfeeding, respectively. Demand for breastfeeding was more intense and less elastic (i.e., more likely to initiate and continue breastfeeding) among mothers with an experience of 6-month exclusive breastfeeding and under the condition with the financial incentives. The novel demand task can potentially provide a useful behavioral marker for quantifying mothers' decision to initiate and continue exclusive breastfeeding in the workplace, informing workplace policy regarding lactation rooms, identifying risk for early cessation, and developing and individualizing an intervention to assist mothers to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hayashi
- Division of Social Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University, Hazleton
| | - Nicole M Fisher
- Division of Social Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University, Hazleton
| | | | - Lydia Furman
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital
| | - Yukiko Washio
- Substance Use, Gender and Applied Research, RTI International.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine
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Spritzer DT, Andrade ALM, Xavier AZ, da Silva GT, Kim HS, Kaliszewska-Czeremska K, Laconi S, Igarashi T, Passos IC, Hauck S. The Self-perception of Text message Dependence Scale (STDS): A Brazilian-Portuguese validation and expansion of its psychometric properties. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-12. [PMID: 35291222 PMCID: PMC8914152 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Text messaging is the primary form of technology-mediated interpersonal contact and the most carried out activity on cell phones. Despite its advantages, text messaging is not exempt from risks. The present paper aimed to validate and expand the psychometric properties of the Self-perception of Text-message Dependency Scale (STDS) in a Brazilian sample of adult internet users. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited a convenience sample of Brazilian internet users aged 18 and over. A total of 1,642 (M age = 38.6, SD = 13.5; 73% female) participants completed the STDS, the Mobile Phone Problem Usage Scale-27 (MPPUS), and the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire - Short form - 9 questionnaires (PIUQ-SF-9). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis showed measurement invariance for gender and age. Internal consistency was high when accessed by both McDonalds' Omega and Cronbach's alpha. Network Analysis provided insights into the core symptoms of problematic text messaging. Convergent validity of the STDS was demonstrated by the subscale's correlation with MPPUS and PIUQ-SF-9. Due to its expanded psychometric properties and brevity, the STDS can be used in more comprehensive investigations about other excessive technology-related behaviors, such as problematic smartphone and internet use, allowing a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in problematic technology use. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-02957-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tornaim Spritzer
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2º andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul Zipcode: 90035-003 Brazil
| | - André Luiz Monezi Andrade
- Center of Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, S/N - Jardim Ipajussara, Campinas, SP Zipcode: 13034-685 Brazil
| | - Aurora Zamora Xavier
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2º andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul Zipcode: 90035-003 Brazil
| | - Gabriel Teixeira da Silva
- Center of Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, S/N - Jardim Ipajussara, Campinas, SP Zipcode: 13034-685 Brazil
| | - Hyoun S. Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | | | - Stéphany Laconi
- Centre d’Études Et de Recherche en Psychopathologie Et Psychologie de La Santé, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, 5, allées Antonio-Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Tasuku Igarashi
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
| | - Ives Cavalcante Passos
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2º andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul Zipcode: 90035-003 Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Rio Grande do Sul Zipcode: 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Simone Hauck
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400 - 2º andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul Zipcode: 90035-003 Brazil
- Psychodynamic Psychiatry Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Zipcode: 90035-903 Brazil
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Correspondence between Responses on an Internet Purchase Task and a Laboratory Progressive Ratio Task. PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40732-021-00463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hayashi Y, Washio Y. Text-Message Dependency, Executive Function, and Impulsivity in College Students: A Cluster Analysis. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2020; 23:794-799. [PMID: 32780586 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2019.0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether text-message users would differ in levels of executive function, a trait of impulsivity, and impulsive decision making. A sample of 167 college students (57 percent of whom were female and the mean age was 19.9 years with the standard deviation of 4.1) participated. Using a hierarchical cluster analysis with levels of text-message dependency, the participants were grouped into excessive and dependent users (dependent users), excessive but nondependent users (excessive users), or nonexcessive and nondependent users (normal users). The groups were then compared on the extent to which they differed in levels of executive function, impulsivity, and impulsive decision making. The results showed that, relative to excessive users, dependent users were lower on levels of executive function and higher on levels of the trait of impulsivity. The moderating effects of gender on these differences were also examined, but gender did not significantly moderate the differences. This study demonstrated that excessive text-message users are not necessarily dependent text-message users and executive function and impulsivity may play an important role in differentiating the two types of users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hayashi
- Division of Social Sciences and Education, Pennsylvania State University, Hazleton, Hazleton, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yukiko Washio
- Substance Use, Gender and Applied Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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