1
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Wu J, Zhang L, Liu H, Zhang J, Tang P. Exosomes promote hFOB1.19 proliferation and differentiation via LINC00520. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:546. [PMID: 37516879 PMCID: PMC10387216 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis remains a significant clinical challenge worldwide. Recent studies have shown that exosomes stimulate bone regeneration. Thus, it is worthwhile to explore whether exosomes could be a useful therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from hucMSCs. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs in myeloma-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Plasmids encoding LINC00520 or short hairpin RNA of LINC00520 were transfected into hucMSCs and then exosomes were isolated. After human osteoblasts hFOB1.19 were exposed to the obtained exosomes, cell survival, cell cycle, apoptosis and calcium deposits of hFOB1.19 cell were detected by MTT, 7-aminoactinomycin D, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide and Alizarin red staining, respectively. RESULTS In hFOB1.19 cells, 10 × 109/mL hucMSC-derived exosomes inhibited cell proliferation, arrested cell cycle, and promoted apoptosis, while hucMSCs or 1 × 109/mL exosomes promoted cell proliferation, accelerated cell cycle, and promoted calcium deposits and the expression of OCN, RUNX2, collagen I and ALP. In hFOB1.19 cells, exosomes from hucMSCs with LINC00520 knockdown reduced the survival and calcium deposits, arrested the cell cycle, and enhanced the apoptosis, while exosomes from hucMSCs overexpressing LINC00520 enhance the proliferation and calcium deposits and accelerated the cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS LINC00520 functions as a modulator of calcium deposits, and exosomes derived from hucMSCs overexpressing LINC00520 might be a novel therapeutic approach for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The 909th Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The 909th Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The 909th Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Peifu Tang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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2
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Prado-Prone G, Silva-Bermudez P, Rodil SE, Ganjkhani Y, Moradi AR, Méndez FJ, García-Macedo JA, Bazzar M, Almaguer-Flores A. ZnO nanoparticles-modified polycaprolactone-gelatin membranes for guided/bone tissue regeneration, antibacterial and osteogenic differentiation properties. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2023; 9. [PMID: 36821850 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/acbe47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent infectious disease that causes the progressive destruction of the periodontal supporting tissues. If left untreated, it can lead to tooth loss impairing oral function, aesthetics, and the patient's overall quality of life. Guided and Bone Tissue Regeneration (GTR/BTR) are surgical therapies based on the placement of a membrane that prevents epithelial growth into the defect, allowing the periodontal/bone cells (including stem cells) to regenerate or restore the affected tissues. The success of these therapies is commonly affected by the local bacterial colonization of the membrane area and its fast biodegradation, causing postoperative infections and a premature rupture of the membrane limiting the regeneration process. This study presents the antibacterial and osteogenic differentiation properties of polycaprolactone-gelatin (PCL-G) electrospun membranes modified with ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). The membranes´ chemical composition, surface roughness, biodegradation, water wettability, and mechanical properties under simulated physiological conditions, were analyzed by the close relationship with their biological properties. The PCL-G membranes modified with 1, 3, and 6% w/w of ZnO-NPs showed a significant reduction in the planktonic and biofilm formation of four clinically relevant bacteria;A. actinomycetemcomitansserotype b, P. gingivalis,E. coli, andS. epidermidis. Additionally, the membranes presented appropriate mechanical properties and biodegradation rates to be potentially used in clinical treatments. Notably, the membranes modified with the lowest concentration of ZnO-NPs (1% w/w) stimulated the production of osteoblast markers and calcium deposits in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) and were biocompatible to human osteoblasts cells (hFOB). These results suggest that the PCL-G membranes with 1% w/w of ZnO-NPs are high-potential candidates for GTR/BTR treatments, as they were the most effective in terms of better antibacterial effectiveness at a lower NPs-concentration while creating a favorable cellular microenvironment for bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Prado-Prone
- Facultad de Odontología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Phaedra Silva-Bermudez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa; Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra; Av. México Xochimilco No. 289 Col. Arenal de Guadalupe C.P. 14389, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra E Rodil
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Ciudad Universitaria No. 3000, C.P. 04360, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yasaman Ganjkhani
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran.,Institut für Technische Optik, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 9, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ali-Reza Moradi
- Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Franklin J Méndez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, CICATA-Unidad Morelos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Boulevard de la Tecnología 1036 Z-1 P 2/2, Atlacholoaya 62790, Xochitepec, Mexico
| | - Jorge A García-Macedo
- Departamento de Estado Sólido, Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Masoomeh Bazzar
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Argelia Almaguer-Flores
- Facultad de Odontología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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3
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Liu F, Sun T, An Y, Ming L, Li Y, Zhou Z, Shang F. The potential therapeutic role of extracellular vesicles in critical-size bone defects: Spring of cell-free regenerative medicine is coming. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1050916. [PMID: 36733961 PMCID: PMC9887316 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1050916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of critical-size bone defects has significantly increased. Critical-size bone defects seriously affect patients' motor functions and quality of life and increase the need for additional clinical treatments. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has made great progress in repairing critical-size bone defects. As one of the main components of bone tissue engineering, stem cell-based therapy is considered a potential effective strategy to regenerate bone tissues. However, there are some disadvantages including phenotypic changes, immune rejection, potential tumorigenicity, low homing efficiency and cell survival rate that restrict its wider clinical applications. Evidence has shown that the positive biological effects of stem cells on tissue repair are largely mediated through paracrine action by nanostructured extracellular vesicles (EVs), which may overcome the limitations of traditional stem cell-based treatments. In addition to stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, the potential therapeutic roles of nonstem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in critical-size bone defect repair have also attracted attention from scholars in recent years. Currently, the development of extracellular vesicles-mediated cell-free regenerative medicine is still in the preliminary stage, and the specific mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the authors first review the research progress and possible mechanisms of extracellular vesicles combined with bone tissue engineering scaffolds to promote bone regeneration via bioactive molecules. Engineering modified extracellular vesicles is an emerging component of bone tissue engineering and its main progression and clinical applications will be discussed. Finally, future perspectives and challenges of developing extracellular vesicle-based regenerative medicine will be given. This review may provide a theoretical basis for the future development of extracellular vesicle-based biomedicine and provide clinical references for promoting the repair of critical-size bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture and Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Leiguo Ming
- Department of Research and Development, Shaanxi Zhonghong Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifei Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command, Lhasa, Tibet, China,*Correspondence: Fengqing Shang, ; Zhifei Zhou,
| | - Fengqing Shang
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Fengqing Shang, ; Zhifei Zhou,
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4
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Yang P, Zhang T, Zhu R, Shen Y, Pan Y, Zhang Y. Protective effect of zinc supplementation on tricalcium phosphate particles-induced inflammatory osteolysis in mice. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:3608-3617. [PMID: 35876446 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn), an essential trace element, can stimulate bone formation and inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption, which controls the growth and maintenance of bone. However, the effect of Zn supplementation on tricalcium phosphate (TCP) wear particles-induced osteolysis remains unknown. Here, we doped Zn into TCP particles (ZnTCP), and explore the protective effects of Zn on TCP particles-induced osteolysis in vivo. TCP particles and ZnTCP particles were embedded under the periosteum around the middle suture of the mouse calvaria. After 2 weeks, blood, the periosteal tissue, and the calvaria were collected to determine serum levels of Zn and osteocalcin, pro-inflammatory cytokines, bone biochemical markers, osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption area, and to explain its mechanism. Data revealed that Zn significantly prevented TCP particles-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone loss, and increased bone turnover. The Zn supplement remarkably suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. Immunoblotting demonstrated that Zn alleviated expression levels of ER stress-related proteins such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), phospho-PERK (p-PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), phospho-eIF2α (p-eIF2α), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1-α) and transcription factor X-box binding protein spliced (XBP1s), leading to decreasing the ratios of p-PERK/PERK and p-eIF2α/eIF2α. Taken together, Zn supplementation strongly prevents TCP particles-induced periprosthetic osteolysis via inhibition of the ER stress pathway, and it may be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of aseptic prosthesis loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Yang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruirong Zhu
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Shen
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefang Pan
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, People's Republic of China
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5
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Liang Q, Jiang C, Zhao Q, Guo Z, Xie M, Zou Y, Cai X, Su J, He Z, Zhao K. Application and prospect of exosomes combined with Chinese herbal medicine in orthopedics. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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6
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Wang X, Shi F, Zhao D, Yan Y. Effect of ZnO-doped magnesium phosphate cements on osteogenic differentiation of mBMSCs in vitro. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2022; 20:22808000221136369. [DOI: 10.1177/22808000221136369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The insufficient osteogenesis of magnesium phosphate cements (MPCs) limits its further application. It is significant to develop a bioactive MPC with osteogenic properties. In this work, MPCs were reinforced by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). The composition, microstructure, setting time, compressive strength and degradation of ZnO-NPs/MPCs (ZNMPCs) were evaluated. The results showed that the setting times of MPCs were prolonged from 8.2 to 25.3 min (5.0ZNMPC). The exothermic temperatures were reduced from 45.8 ± 0.4℃ (MPCs) to 39.3 ± 0.5℃ (1.0ZNMPC). The compressive strength of ZNMPC composite cement with 1 wt. % ZnO-NPs (1.0ZNMPC) was the highest (42.9 MPa) among all the composite cements. Furthermore, the ZNMPCs were cultured with mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs). The results yielded that the ZNMPCs exhibited good cytocompatibility with enhanced differentiation, proliferation, and mineralization on mBMSCs, and it also pronouncedly elevated the expressions of genes and proteins involving osteogenesis. These findings suggested that ZNMPCs could drive the differentiation toward osteogenesis and mineralization of mBMSCs, providing a simple way to the MPC with enhanced osteogenesis for further orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Materials and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, P. R. China
| | - Dechuan Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Yan
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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7
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Teotia AK, Qayoom I, Singh P, Mishra A, Jaiman D, Seppälä J, Lidgren L, Kumar A. Exosome-Functionalized Ceramic Bone Substitute Promotes Critical-Sized Bone Defect Repair in Rats. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3716-3726. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Teotia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
| | - Irfan Qayoom
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
| | - Prerna Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
- Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
| | - Ankita Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
| | - Deepika Jaiman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
| | - Jukka Seppälä
- Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Lars Lidgren
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund 221 85, Sweden
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
- Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
- Center for Nanoscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 201806, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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8
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Gholami L, Nooshabadi VT, Shahabi S, Jazayeri M, Tarzemany R, Afsartala Z, Khorsandi K. Extracellular vesicles in bone and periodontal regeneration: current and potential therapeutic applications. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:16. [PMID: 33436061 PMCID: PMC7802187 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomes are considered important factors in the field of medical tissue engineering and cell free biotherapy due to their ease of access, differentiation potential, and successful therapeutic outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the conditioned medium (CM) from MSCs are gaining more attraction as an alternative to cell-based therapies due to the less ethical issues involved, and their easier acquisition, preservation, long term storage, sterilization, and packaging. Bone and periodontal regenerative ability of EVs and CM have been the focus of some recent studies. In this review, we looked through currently available literature regarding MSCs' EVs or conditioned medium and their general characteristics, function, and regenerative potentials. We will also review the novel applications in regenerating bone and periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Vajihe Taghdiri Nooshabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Science, Semnan, Iran.,Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Shiva Shahabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Jazayeri
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rana Tarzemany
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zohreh Afsartala
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Li S, Chen X, Wang X, Xiong Y, Yan Y, Tan Z, Yang X, Li Y. Simonkolleite Coating on Poly(Amino Acids) to Improve Osteogenesis and Suppress Osteoclast Formation in Vitro. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11091505. [PMID: 31527442 PMCID: PMC6780185 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc can enhance osteoblastic bone formation and stimulate osteogenic differentiation, suppress the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclasts, and inhibit pathogenic bacterial growth in a dose-dependent manner. In this study, simonkolleite, as a novel zinc resource, was coated on poly (amino acids) (PAA) via suspending PAA powder in different concentrations of zinc chloride (ZnCl2) solution, and the simonkolleite-coated PAA (Zn–PAA) was characterized by SEM, XRD, FT-IR and XPS. Zinc ions were continuously released from the coating, and the release behavior was dependent on both the concentration of the ZnCl2 immersing solution and the type of soak solutions (SBF, PBS and DMEM). The Zn–PAA was cultured with mouse bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) through TranswellTM plates, and the results indicated that the relative cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization of BMSCs were significantly higher with Zn–PAA as compared to PAA. Moreover, the Zn–PAA was cultured with RAW264.7 cells, and the results suggested an inhibiting effect of Zn–PAA on the cell differentiation into osteoclasts. In addition, Zn–PAA exhibited an antibacterial activity against both S. aureus and E. coli. These findings suggest that simonkolleite coating with certain contents could promote osteogenesis, suppress osteoclast formation and inhibit bacteria, indicating a novel way of enhancing the functionality of synthetic bone graft material and identifying the underline principles for designing zinc-containing bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Li
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Xingtao Chen
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China.
| | - Yi Xiong
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yonggang Yan
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Zhi Tan
- Chengdu Customs Technology Center, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yuanye Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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10
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Matsuda H, Takabatake K, Tsujigiwa H, Watanabe S, Ito S, Kawai H, Hamada M, Yoshida S, Nakano K, Nagatsuka H. Effects of the Geometrical Structure of a Honeycomb TCP on Relationship between Bone / Cartilage Formation and Angiogenesis. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1582-1590. [PMID: 30588180 PMCID: PMC6299403 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.28452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of biomaterials have been developed, some of which already enjoy widespread clinic use. We have devised a new honeycomb tricalcium phosphate (TCP) containing through-and-through holes of various diameters to control cartilage and bone formation. However, the way in which the geometric structure of the honeycomb TCP controls cartilage and bone tissue formation separately remains unknown. In addition, an association has been reported between bone formation and angiogenesis. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the relationship between angiogenesis and various hole diameters in our honeycomb TCP over time in a rat ectopic hard tissue formation model. Honeycomb TCPs with hole diameters of 75, 300, and 500 μm were implanted into rat femoral muscle. Next, ectopic hard tissue formation in the holes of the honeycomb TCP was assessed histologically at postoperative weeks 1, 2, and 3, and CD34 immunostaining was performed to evaluate angiogenesis. The results showed that cartilage formation accompanied by thin and poor blood vessel formation, bone marrow-like tissue with a branching network of vessels, and vigorous bone formation with thick linear blood vessels occurred in the TCPs with 75-μm, 300-μm, and 500-μm hole diameters, respectively. These results indicated that the geometrical structure of the honeycomb TCP affected cartilage and bone tissue formation separately owing to the induced angiogenesis and altered oxygen partial pressure within the holes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Matsuda
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Takabatake
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tsujigiwa
- Department of life science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoko Watanabe
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ito
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hotaka Kawai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mei Hamada
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Saori Yoshida
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakano
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nagatsuka
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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11
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Gao C, Li C, Wang C, Qin Y, Wang Z, Yang F, Liu H, Chang F, Wang J. Advances in the induction of osteogenesis by zinc surface modification based on titanium alloy substrates for medical implants. JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 2017; 726:1072-1084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
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12
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An S, Gong Q, Huang Y. Promotive Effect of Zinc Ions on the Vitality, Migration, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:112-121. [PMID: 27260533 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element for proper cellular function and bone formation. However, its exact role in the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) has not been fully clarified before. Here, we speculated that zinc may be effective to regulate their growth and osteogenic differentiation properties. To test this hypothesis, different concentrations (1 × 10-5, 4 × 10-5, and 8 × 10-5 M) of zinc ions (Zn2+) were added to the basic growth culture medium and osteogenic inductive medium. Cell viability and migration were measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell migration assay in the basic growth culture medium, respectively. The reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the gene expression levels of selective osteogenic differentiation markers and zinc transporters. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity analysis and alizarin red S staining were used to investigate the mineralization of hDPCs. Exposure of hDPCs to Zn2+ stimulated their viability and migration capacity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. RT-qPCR assay revealed elevated expression levels of osteogenic differentiation-related genes and zinc transporters genes in various degrees. ALP activity was also increased with elevated Zn2+ concentrations and extended culture periods, but enhanced matrix nodules formation were observed only in 4 × 10-5 and 8 × 10-5 M Zn2+ groups. These findings suggest that specific concentrations of Zn2+ could potentiate the vitality, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs. We may combine optimum zinc element into pulp capping materials to improve their biological performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng An
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56 Lingyuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qimei Gong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56 Lingyuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No.56 Lingyuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
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Dessombz A, Lignon G, Picaut L, Rouzière S, Berdal A. Mineral studies in enamel, an exemplary model system at the interface between physics, chemistry and medical sciences. CR CHIM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Eluted zinc ions stimulate osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in human dental pulp stem cells for bone tissue engineering. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 71:162-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Exosome: A Novel Approach to Stimulate Bone Regeneration through Regulation of Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050712. [PMID: 27213355 PMCID: PMC4881534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical need for effective bone regeneration therapy remains in huge demands. However, the current "gold standard" treatments of autologous and allogeneic bone grafts may result in various complications. Furthermore, safety considerations of biomaterials and cell-based treatment require further clarification. Therefore, developing new therapies with stronger osteogenic potential and a lower incidence of complications is worthwhile. Recently, exosomes, small vesicles of endocytic origin, have attracted attention in bone regeneration field. The vesicles travel between cells and deliver functional cargoes, such as proteins and RNAs, thereby regulating targeted cells differentiation, commitment, function, and proliferation. Much evidence has demonstrated the important roles of exosomes in osteogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we summarize the properties, origins and biogenesis of exosomes, and the recent reports using exosomes to regulate osteogenesis and promote bone regeneration.
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Liu W, Su P, Gonzales A, Chen S, Wang N, Wang J, Li H, Zhang Z, Webster TJ. Optimizing stem cell functions and antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanotubes incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles: experiments and modeling. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1997-2019. [PMID: 25792833 PMCID: PMC4364596 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s74418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To optimize mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and antibacterial properties of titanium (Ti), nano-sized zinc oxide (ZnO) particles with tunable concentrations were incorporated into TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) using a facile hydrothermal strategy. It is revealed here for the first time that the TNTs incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles exhibited better biocompatibility compared with pure Ti samples (controls) and that the amount of ZnO (tailored by the concentration of Zn(NO3)2 in the precursor) introduced into TNTs played a crucial role on their osteogenic properties. Not only was the alkaline phosphatase activity improved to about 13.8 U/g protein, but the osterix, collagen-I, and osteocalcin gene expressions was improved from mesenchymal stem cells compared to controls. To further explore the mechanism of TNTs decorated with ZnO on cell functions, a response surface mathematical model was used to optimize the concentration of ZnO incorporation into the Ti nanotubes for stem cell differentiation and antibacterial properties for the first time. Both experimental and modeling results confirmed (R2 values of 0.8873–0.9138 and 0.9596–0.9941, respectively) that Ti incorporated with appropriate concentrations (with an initial concentration of Zn(NO3)2 at 0.015 M) of ZnO can provide exceptional osteogenic properties for stem cell differentiation in bone cells with strong antibacterial effects, properties important for improving dental and orthopedic implant efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Photoelectrochemical Research Group, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Chemical Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Penglei Su
- Photoelectrochemical Research Group, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Arthur Gonzales
- Chemical Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Su Chen
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshu Wang
- Photoelectrochemical Research Group, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Photoelectrochemical Research Group, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Guangxi Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenting Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Chemical Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA ; Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Shiota J, Tagawa H, Izumi N, Higashikawa S, Kasahara H. Effect of zinc supplementation on bone formation in hemodialysis patients with normal or low turnover bone. Ren Fail 2014; 37:57-60. [PMID: 25207792 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.959412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element, which has been shown to stimulate osteoblastic bone formation and to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. In thalassemia, major patients Zn supplementation was reported to increase whole-body bone mineral content and areal bone mineral density. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Zn supplementation on bone formation in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Nine male patients with age of 66 (35-78) years indicated by median (range), HD vintage of 57 (4-97) months and serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) of 113 (6-310) pg/mL were supplemented with polaprezinc containing 34 mg Zn/day for 18 months. Doses of vitamin D were not changed during supplementation. Blood was collected at baseline, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months. Serum Zn increased significantly from 58 (52-65) μg/dL to 71 (57-93) μg/dL at three months and remained unchanged until 18 months. No changes were observed in serum intact PTH during supplementation. Although we found no changes in serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) during Zn supplementation analyzed by Friedman test and Scheffe post hoc test, a significant trend of increase in serum BAP was verified by Jonckheere-Terpstra test (p = 0.0409). On the contrary, there was no trend in serum TRACP5b by Jonckheere-Terpstra test. Therefore, we suggested the effect of Zn supplementation on promoting bone formation, not affected by the status of PTH and vitamin D, in HD patients with normal or low turnover bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shiota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kichijoji Asahi Hospital , Musashino, Tokyo , Japan
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18
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X-ray microanalysis in the scanning electron microscope. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1117:639-61. [PMID: 24357383 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-776-1_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
X-ray microanalysis conducted using the scanning electron microscope is a technique that allows the determination of chemical elements in bulk or semi-thick specimens. The lowest concentration of an element that can be detected is in the order of a few mmol/kg or a few hundred parts per million, and the smallest amount is in the order of 10(-18) g. The spatial resolution of the analysis depends on the thickness of the specimen. For biological specimen analysis, care must be taken to prevent displacement/loss of the element of interest (usually ions). Protocols are presented for the processing of frozen-hydrated and freeze-dried specimens, as well as for the analysis of small volumes of fluid, cell cultures, and other specimens. Aspects of qualitative and quantitative analysis are covered, including limitations of the technique.
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19
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Takabatake K, Yamachika E, Tsujigiwa H, Takeda Y, Kimura M, Takagi S, Nagatsuka H, Iida S. Effect of geometry and microstructure of honeycomb TCP scaffolds on bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:2952-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyofumi Takabatake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Japan
| | - Eiki Yamachika
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tsujigiwa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Japan
| | - Yasushi Takeda
- Department of Otolaryngology; Sumitomo Besshi Hospital; Ehime Japan
| | - Mariko Kimura
- PILOT Corporation; Shonan Development Center; Kanagawa Japan
| | - Shin Takagi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nagatsuka
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Japan
| | - Seiji Iida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Japan
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Liu Y, Yan F, Yang WL, Lu XF, Wang WB. Effects of zinc transporter on differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 154:234-43. [PMID: 23775599 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts is a crucial step during bone formation. However, the exact mechanisms regulating the early stages of osteogenic differentiation remain unknown. In the present study, we found that ZnT7, a member of the zinc transporter family SLC30A(ZnTs), was downregulated during dexamethasone-induced differentiation of rat MSCs into osteoblasts. Dexamethasone treatment resulted in significantly lower levels of ZnT7 compared with cocultured cells without dexamethasone. Differentiation was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and staining for ALP, von Kossa, collagen type I, and osteocalcin. Overexpression of ZnT7 decreased the expression of the osteoblast alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, as well as calcium deposition in mesenchymal cells. In contrast, knockdown of ZnT7 using siRNA promoted gene expression associated with osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization in vitro. Moreover, according to the ZnT7 inhibition or activation experiments, Wnt and ERK signaling pathways were found to be important signal transduction pathways in mediating the osteogenic effect of MSCs, and this effect is intensified by a decrease in the level of ZnT7 induced by dexamethasone. These findings suggest that ZnT7 is involved in the switch from the undifferentiated state of MSC to an osteogenic program, and marking the expression level of ZnT7 may be useful in the detection of early osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 You Zheng Street, Harbin 150001, China
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Ekbote V, Khadilkar A, Chiplonkar S, Mughal Z, Khadilkar V. Enhanced effect of zinc and calcium supplementation on bone status in growth hormone-deficient children treated with growth hormone: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Endocrine 2013; 43:686-95. [PMID: 23224626 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-012-9847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Reduced bone mineral content in growth hormone-deficient children (GHD) has been reported. Calcium, zinc, and vitamin D play an important role in bone formation. Hence, the aim of this pilot randomized controlled study was to evaluate the effect of calcium, vitamin D, and zinc supplementation in prepubertal GHD children treated with GH on bone health parameters. After 1 year of treatment with GH (20 mg/m(2)/week), 31 GHD (mean age 8.7 ± 2.8 years, 18 boys) prepubertal children were randomised to receive calcium (500 mg/day) and vitamin D (60,000 IU/3 months) [Group A] or a similar supplement of calcium, vitamin D, and zinc (as per Indian Recommended Allowance) [Group B] along with GH therapy for the next 12 months. The two groups were similar in anthropometric and body composition parameters at baseline (p > 0.1). After 1 year of GH therapy, height-adjusted % gain was similar in both groups, 48 % in bone mineral content (BMC) and 45 % in bone area (BA). Height-adjusted % increase in BMC was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the second year than in the first in both the groups. This % increase in BMC and BA was greater in Group B (51 and 36 % respectively) than in Group A (49 and 34 %), although marginally (p < 0.05). Supplementation of calcium and vitamin D along with GH therapy in GHD Indian children has the potential for enhancing bone mass accrual; this effect was further enhanced through the addition of zinc supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Ekbote
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India
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Solomons NW. Update on zinc biology. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2013; 62 Suppl 1:8-17. [PMID: 23689109 DOI: 10.1159/000348547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Zinc has become a prominent nutrient of clinical and public health interest in the new millennium. Functions and actions for zinc emerge as increasingly ubiquitous in mammalian anatomy, physiology and metabolism. There is undoubtedly an underpinning in fundamental biology for all of the aspects of zinc in human health (clinical and epidemiological) in pediatric and public health practice. Unfortunately, basic science research may not have achieved a full understanding as yet. As a complement to the applied themes in the companion articles, a selection of recent advances in the domains homeostatic regulation and transport of zinc is presented; they are integrated, in turn, with findings on genetic expression, intracellular signaling, immunity and host defense, and bone growth. The elements include ionic zinc, zinc transporters, metallothioneins, zinc metalloenzymes and zinc finger proteins. In emerging basic research, we find some plausible mechanistic explanations for delayed linear growth with zinc deficiency and increased infectious disease resistance with zinc supplementation.
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