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Dalla-Nora F, Guilardi LF, Zucuni CP, Valandro LF, Rippe MP. Adhesion to a Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic: Effects of Ceramic Surface Treatments and Resin Cements. Oper Dent 2022; 47:320-329. [PMID: 35604819 DOI: 10.2341/20-226-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study had the objective to test the effect of ceramic surface treatments on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of different resin cements to a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS). METHODS AND MATERIALS ZLS blocks were sectioned, embedded in acrylic resin, and then allocated into nine groups considering two study factors: "ceramic surface treatment" (HF - hydrofluoric acid; EP - self-etching primer; TBS - tribochemical silica coating) and "resin cements" (nMDP - without MDP monomer; MDP - with MDP monomer; SA - self-adhesive). Starch tubes (n=36) were placed on the treated ceramic surface and the cement was applied. Starch tubes were removed after 24 hours of storage, and the specimens were thermocycled (5,000×; 5°C-55°C). Next, the μSBS test was performed using the wire-loop technique, and topographic and failure analyses were performed. RESULTS The factors "ceramic surface treatment" and "resin cement" statistically influenced the μSBS results. Considering the surface treatment factor, the TBS produced statistically lower values when the MDP resin cement was applied, being only similar to the MDP plus EP group. For the resin cement factor, no difference was found for nMDP and SA groups, apart from the surface treatments. Failure analysis showed that the groups treated with EP had a greater number of pre-test failures. The surface treatments induced noteworthy topographic alterations when compared to control (no treatment). CONCLUSION The ZLS ceramic surface treatment with tribochemical silica coating associated with the MDP-containing resin cement resulted in lower bond strength values.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dalla-Nora
- Fernanda Dalla-Nora, DDS, MSciD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Unit), Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - L F Guilardi
- Luís Felipe Guilardi, DDS, MSciD, PhD, professor, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - C P Zucuni
- Camilla Pauliski Zucuni, DDS, MSciD, PhD, Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Unit), Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - L F Valandro
- Luiz Felipe Valandro, DDS, MSciD, PhD, associate professor, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - M P Rippe
- *Marília Pivetta Rippe, DDS, MSciD, PhD, adjunct professor, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
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Crystalline properties and morphology of bulk-fill dental resin composites as function of light-cure protocol and composition. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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de la Macorra JC, Romero B. Full mapping tensile bond strength of luting in search for differences due to centripetal curing shrinkage. Dent Mater 2022; 38:e69-e82. [PMID: 35241293 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES testing if hypothetical transverse centripetal strains due to polymerization contraction of luting materials produce differential alterations in its bonding to luted structures, depending on distances to the center of the luting mass, and if this effect is C-factor related. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) there is a statistically significant decreasing relationship between the bonding strength and the transverse distances to the center of the luting material, and (2) there is a statistically significant difference between bonding strengths among luting spaces with different configuration factors. METHODS 10 PMMA (15 mm Ø) pairs of cylinders were cemented (Scotchbond Universal adhesive & Relyx Universal, both chemically cured) in a compliant setup under two (20 and 70 N) luting forces forming 2 groups (5 samples each), resulting in different C-factors. Whole samples were sectioned in x and y directions obtaining non-trimmed beams from all along the luting surfaces. Their relative positions in each sample were assessed before separating and categorized (10 categories) according to their distances to the center of the sample. All beams were tested in tension and, because of their uneven bonding areas and to balance its influence, UTS results were transformed into UTSres. First hypothesis was tested trough a linear relationship between UTSres and distances to vertical centers per samples. Second hypothesis was tested using Mann-Whitney U tests to compare UTSres between groups, along all categories. Further Weibull analysis was applied. RESULTS ANOVA's p of the regression UTSres - categories were statistically significant for all samples in group 70 N and for all except one in group 20 N: first hypothesis is partially maintained. Although Mann-Whitney tests p comparing UTSres of both groups for all categories but the first were statistically significant this hypothesis was maintained relying in Weibull analysis. SIGNIFICANCE bonded attachment of cemented materials decreases from centers to outbounds in plane, extensive surfaces, and this decrease is C-factor related.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C de la Macorra
- Conservative Dentistry and Buccofacial Prosthesis Department, School of Dentistry. Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Romero
- School of Dentistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Dalla-Nora F, Guilardi LF, Zucuni CP, Valandro LF, Rippe MP. Fatigue Behavior of Monolithic Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic Restorations: Effects of Conditionings of the Intaglio Surface and the Resin Cements. Oper Dent 2021; 46:316-326. [PMID: 34251409 DOI: 10.2341/20-025-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the effect of conditioning of the intaglio surface and resin cements on the fatigue behavior of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS) restorations cemented to a dentin analogue. METHODS ZLS ceramic (Ø=10 mm, thickness=1.5 mm) and dentin analogue (Ø=10 mm, thickness=2.0 mm) discs were produced and allocated according to the study factors, totaling nine study groups: ceramic surface treatment (three levels: hydrofluoric acid etching [HF]; self-etching ceramic primer [EP]; tribochemical silica coating [TBS]) and resin cement (three levels: 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate [nMDP]; MDP-containing conventional resin cement [MDP]; self-adhesive resin cement [SA]). The ceramic bonding surfaces were treated and cemented on the dentin analogue, and all the specimens were aged for 5000 thermal cycles (5°C-55°C) prior to fatigue testing. The stepwise fatigue test (20 Hz frequency) started with a load of 400 N (5000 cycles) followed by steps of 500, 600, and up to 1800 N (step-size: 100 N) at a maximum of 10,000 cycles each step. The specimens were loaded until failure (crack), which was detected by light transillumination and visual inspection at the end of each step. The fatigue failure load and number of cycles for failure data were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier (log-rank test; α=0.05). Topographic and fractographic analyses were also performed. RESULTS HF- (973.33-1206.67 N) and EP- (866.67-1066.67 N) treated specimens failed at statistically similar loads and higher than TBS (546.67-733.33 N), regardless of the cement used. All the fractographical inspections demonstrated failure as radial crack. CONCLUSION The HF and EP treatments promoted better mechanical fatigue behavior of the ceramic restoration, while tribochemical silica coating induced worse fatigue results and should be avoided for treating the ZLS surface prior to bonding.
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Scholz KJ, Bittner A, Cieplik F, Hiller KA, Schmalz G, Buchalla W, Federlin M. Micromorphology of the Adhesive Interface of Self-Adhesive Resin Cements to Enamel and Dentin. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:492. [PMID: 33498588 PMCID: PMC7864341 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interfaces between dentin, enamel and luting agents were characterized using low vacuum Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). After smear layer creation, one of three luting agents (RelyX Unicem 2, Clearfil SA Cement and Panavia F 2.0/ED Primer II) was applied on 60 enamel-dentin specimens and dual-cured or self-cured. Specimens were polished (Experiment 1) and subsequently demineralized and deproteinized (Experiment 2). Adhesive interfaces were analyzed (low vacuum SEM, ×3000). Presence of an interdiffusion zone, tag-like structures (dentin) and marginal gaps (enamel) were assessed. Non-parametrical tests (χ2-test, α = 0.05) were performed. The first null-hypothesis was that the adhesive interface micromorphology between enamel and dentin and self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) is similar with conventional resin cement used with a self-etch adhesive (CRC+SE). The second null-hypothesis was that the micromorphology is not influenced by curing modes. Interdiffusion zones and tag-like structures (dentin) were observed more frequently for CRC+SE compared to SARCs. For each luting agent, there was a non-significant (p > 0.05) tendency for interdiffusion zone and tag-like structures detectable in more specimens after self-curing compared to dual-curing. Marginal gaps (enamel) were found only for SARCs. The first null-hypothesis was not rejected fully: Tag-like structures and interdiffusion zones in dentin were found for CRC+SE and SARCs. The second null-hypothesis was not rejected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Johannes Scholz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (F.C.); (K.-A.H.); (G.S.); (W.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Aleksandra Bittner
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (F.C.); (K.-A.H.); (G.S.); (W.B.); (M.F.)
- Private Practice, 01067 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabian Cieplik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (F.C.); (K.-A.H.); (G.S.); (W.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Karl-Anton Hiller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (F.C.); (K.-A.H.); (G.S.); (W.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Gottfried Schmalz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (F.C.); (K.-A.H.); (G.S.); (W.B.); (M.F.)
- Department of Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Buchalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (F.C.); (K.-A.H.); (G.S.); (W.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Marianne Federlin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (F.C.); (K.-A.H.); (G.S.); (W.B.); (M.F.)
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Buelvas DDA, Besegato JF, Vicentin BLS, Jussiani EI, Hoeppner MG, Andrello AC, Di Mauro E. Impact of light-cure protocols on the porosity and shrinkage of commercial bulk fill dental resin composites with different flowability. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Amorim BC, Vicentin BLS, Di Mauro E. Post-polymerization reactivity of free radicals trapped in resin-based dental restorative materials by ESR spectroscopy. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Roberts H, Fuentealba R, Brewster J. Microtomographic Analysis of Resin Composite Core Material Porosity. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:623-630. [PMID: 32180298 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To nondestructively evaluate the porosity of ten contemporary resin composite core materials using microtomographic (microCT) analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Resin composite core material samples (n = 12) including dual-cure, visible light cure only, and a self-cure material were fabricated using a standardized mold following manufacturer's recommendations. After storage in phosphate buffered saline for one week, specimens were analyzed using a microCT unit at 5.3-µm resolution over a rotational range of 360°. Image 3D recombination and analysis was accomplished using microCT software. Evaluated parameters included material volume investigated, closed pore number and volume, as well as closed pore percentage. Parameter mean values were evaluated with Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). RESULTS Mean percent total porosity with standard deviation identified significant differences in decreasing order as Ti-Core: 2.2 (0.4) > Ti-Core Auto E: 1.3 (0.3) = Ti-Core Flow Plus: 1.1 (0.02) > Clearfil Photo Core: 0.94 (0.5) = Clearfil DC Core Plus: 0.6 (0.18) = MultiCore Flow: 0.58 (0.1) > Fluorocore 2+: 0.14 (0.2) = Build-It FR: 0.068 (0.02) = Gradia Core: 0.03 (0.02) = Rebilda DC: 0.02 (0.01). A pilot microCT evaluation evaluating a mixing tip revealed incomplete mixture between the two resins with porosity introduced from turbulence as the materials are forced through the tip during preparation. CONCLUSIONS A wide range of porosity was identified between the ten materials evaluated. These preliminary results warrant more investigation evaluating additional resin composite core materials, the preparation capabilities of automix tips, and porosity presence in the unmixed materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Roberts
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, KY.,Postgraduate Dental College, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Biloxi, MS
| | - Rodrigo Fuentealba
- Division of Prosthodontics, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, KY
| | - John Brewster
- Postgraduate Dental College, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Biloxi, MS
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Gheller R, Burey A, Vicentin BLS, Reis PJ, Appoloni CR, Garbelini CCD, Hoeppner MG. Microporosity and polymerization contraction as function of depth in dental resin cements by X‐ray computed microtomography. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:658-666. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Gheller
- Departamento de Odontologia RestauradoraUniversidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina Puerto Rico Brazil
| | - Adrieli Burey
- Departamento de Odontologia RestauradoraUniversidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina Puerto Rico Brazil
| | | | - Paulo José Reis
- Departamento de FísicaUniversidade Estadual do Centro Oeste Guarapuava Puerto Rico Brazil
| | | | | | - Márcio Grama Hoeppner
- Departamento de Odontologia RestauradoraUniversidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina Puerto Rico Brazil
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Jiřík M, Bartoš M, Tomášek P, Malečková A, Kural T, Horáková J, Lukáš D, Suchý T, Kochová P, Hubálek Kalbáčová M, Králíčková M, Tonar Z. Generating standardized image data for testing and calibrating quantification of volumes, surfaces, lengths, and object counts in fibrous and porous materials using X-ray microtomography. Microsc Res Tech 2018; 81:551-568. [PMID: 29476582 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Quantification of the structure and composition of biomaterials using micro-CT requires image segmentation due to the low contrast and overlapping radioopacity of biological materials. The amount of bias introduced by segmentation procedures is generally unknown. We aim to develop software that generates three-dimensional models of fibrous and porous structures with known volumes, surfaces, lengths, and object counts in fibrous materials and to provide a software tool that calibrates quantitative micro-CT assessments. Virtual image stacks were generated using the newly developed software TeIGen, enabling the simulation of micro-CT scans of unconnected tubes, connected tubes, and porosities. A realistic noise generator was incorporated. Forty image stacks were evaluated using micro-CT, and the error between the true known and estimated data was quantified. Starting with geometric primitives, the error of the numerical estimation of surfaces and volumes was eliminated, thereby enabling the quantification of volumes and surfaces of colliding objects. Analysis of the sensitivity of the thresholding upon parameters of generated testing image sets revealed the effects of decreasing resolution and increasing noise on the accuracy of the micro-CT quantification. The size of the error increased with decreasing resolution when the voxel size exceeded 1/10 of the typical object size, which simulated the effect of the smallest details that could still be reliably quantified. Open-source software for calibrating quantitative micro-CT assessments by producing and saving virtually generated image data sets with known morphometric data was made freely available to researchers involved in morphometry of three-dimensional fibrillar and porous structures in micro-CT scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Jiřík
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bartoš
- Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 2, 128 01, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tomášek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, 301 66, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Malečková
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, 301 66, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kural
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, 301 66, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Horáková
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec 1, 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - David Lukáš
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec 1, 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Suchý
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Kochová
- European Centre of Excellence NTIS, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 22, Pilsen, 306 14, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Hubálek Kalbáčová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic.,Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U nemocnice 5, 128 53, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milena Králíčková
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, 301 66, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Tonar
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, 301 66, Czech Republic
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