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Angelopoulou E, Kitani RA, Stroggilos R, Lygirou V, Vasilakis IA, Letsou K, Vlahou A, Zoidakis J, Samiotaki M, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Nicolaides NC. Tear Proteomics in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Promising Approach to Biomarker Identification of Diabetes Pathogenesis and Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9994. [PMID: 39337483 PMCID: PMC11432293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the tear proteome in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to healthy controls, and to identify differences in the tear proteome of children with T1D depending on different characteristics of the disease. Fifty-six children with T1D at least one year after diagnosis, aged 6-17 years old, and fifty-six healthy age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The proteomic analysis was based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) enabling the identification and quantification of the protein content via Data-Independent Acquisition by Neural Networks (DIA-NN). Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD052994. In total, 3302 proteins were identified from tear samples. Two hundred thirty-nine tear proteins were differentially expressed in children with T1D compared to healthy controls. Most of them were involved in the immune response, tissue homeostasis and inflammation. The presence of diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis and the level of glycemic control of children with T1D influenced the tear proteome. Tear proteomics analysis revealed a different proteome pattern in children with T1D compared to healthy controls offering insights on deregulated biological processes underlying the pathogenesis of T1D. Differences within the T1D group could unravel biomarkers for early detection of long-term complications of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Angelopoulou
- Diabetes Center, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (I.-A.V.); (C.K.-G.)
| | - Rosa-Anna Kitani
- Postgraduate Course of the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (R.-A.K.); (K.L.)
| | - Rafael Stroggilos
- Department of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (R.S.); (V.L.); (A.V.); (J.Z.)
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Department of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (R.S.); (V.L.); (A.V.); (J.Z.)
| | - Ioannis-Anargyros Vasilakis
- Diabetes Center, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (I.-A.V.); (C.K.-G.)
| | - Konstantina Letsou
- Postgraduate Course of the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (R.-A.K.); (K.L.)
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Department of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (R.S.); (V.L.); (A.V.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Department of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (R.S.); (V.L.); (A.V.); (J.Z.)
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute for Bio-Innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, 16672 Vari, Greece;
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- Diabetes Center, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (I.-A.V.); (C.K.-G.)
- Postgraduate Course of the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (R.-A.K.); (K.L.)
| | - Nicolas C. Nicolaides
- Diabetes Center, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (I.-A.V.); (C.K.-G.)
- Postgraduate Course of the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (R.-A.K.); (K.L.)
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Satuli-Autere S, Harjutsalo V, Eriksson MI, Hägg-Holmberg S, Öhman H, Claesson TB, Groop PH, Thorn LM. Increased incidence of neurodegenerative diseases in Finnish individuals with type 1 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2024; 12:e004024. [PMID: 39242121 PMCID: PMC11381727 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes is linked to neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), but data in type 1 diabetes are scarce. Our aim was to assess the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of different NDs in type 1 diabetes, and to evaluate the impact of diabetic vascular complications and age at diabetes onset. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this observational cohort study, we included 4261 individuals with type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy study, and 11 653 matched population-based controls without diabetes. NDs were identified from registers until the end of 2017. Diabetic complications were assessed at the baseline study visit. SIRs were calculated from diabetes onset, except for impact of complications that was calculated from baseline study visit. RESULTS The SIRs for NDs were increased in type 1 diabetes: any dementia 2.24 (95% CI 1.79 to 2.77), Alzheimer's disease 2.13 (95% CI 1.55 to 2.87), vascular dementia 3.40 (95% CI 2.08 to 5.6), other dementias 1.70 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.31), and Parkinson's disease 1.61 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.37). SIR showed a twofold increased incidence already in those without albuminuria (1.99 (1.44-2.68)), but further increased in presence of diabetic complications: kidney disease increased SIR for Alzheimer's disease, while cardiovascular disease increased SIR for both Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Diabetes onset <15 years, compared with ≥15 years, increased SIR of Alzheimer's disease, 3.89 (2.21-6.35) vs 1.73 (1.16-2.48), p<0.05, but not the other dementias. CONCLUSIONS ND incidence is increased 1.7-3.4-fold in type 1 diabetes. The presence of diabetic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease further increased the incidence of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Satuli-Autere
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valma Harjutsalo
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marika I Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefanie Hägg-Holmberg
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Öhman
- Department of Geriatrics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tor-Björn Claesson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Departmet of Radiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Department of Nephrology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lena M Thorn
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Mai AS, Tan BJW, Sun QY, Tan EK. Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:561. [PMID: 38256693 PMCID: PMC10816052 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
While much evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD), the relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and PD is unclear. To study their association, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using the following statistical methods: inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weight median, and weighted mode. Independent datasets with no sample overlap were retrieved from the IEU GWAS platform. All the MR methods found a lower risk of PD in T1DM (IVW-OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91-0.96, p = 3.12 × 10-5; MR-Egger-OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.98, p = 1.45 × 10-2; weighted median-OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.98, p = 2.76 × 10-3; and weighted mode-OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.9-0.98, p = 1.58 × 10-2). The findings were then replicated with another independent GWAS dataset on T1DM (IVW-OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99, p = 3.10 × 10-3; MR-Egger-OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99, p = 1.08 × 10-2; weighted median-OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-0.99, p = 1.88 × 10-2; weighted mode-OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-0.99, p = 1.43 × 10-2). Thus, our study provides evidence that T1DM may have a protective effect on PD risk, though further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Shengting Mai
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Brendan Jen-Wei Tan
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Qiao-Yang Sun
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital Campus, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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Geng C, Meng K, Zhao B, Liu X, Tang Y. Causal relationships between type 1 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:53. [PMID: 38229119 PMCID: PMC10790511 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01628-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous compelling evidence suggests an association between Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and neurodegenerative diseases. However, it remains uncertain whether Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) exerts a causal influence on the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Consequently, this study employed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal relationship between T1DM and the genetic susceptibility to AD and PD. METHODS We utilized large-scale cohorts derived from publicly available genome-wide association study datasets involving European populations to perform MR analyses. The primary analytical method employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses, including assessments of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, were carried out using Cochran's Q, MR-Egger intercept, and MR-PRESSO tests to enhance the robustness of our conclusions. RESULTS Using the IVW-based method, the MR analysis indicated no significant association between genetically determined T1DM and AD (OR = 0.984, 95% CI: 0.958-1.011, p = 0.247). Conversely, T1DM appeared to be associated with a reduced risk of genetic susceptibility to PD (IVW: OR = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.928-0.989, p = 0.001). In the reverse direction, no evidence of reverse causality was observed between AD (OR = 1.010, 95% CI: 0.911-1.116, p = 0.881) or PD (OR = 1.164, 95% CI: 0.686-2.025, p = 0.5202) and T1DM. Additionally, our analysis found no indications of the results being influenced by horizontal pleiotropy. CONCLUSION This MR study reveals that T1DM is associated with a reduced genetic susceptibility to PD, whereas no significant genetic susceptibility is observed between T1DM and AD. These findings suggest that T1DM may have a distinct role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases compared to T2D. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and provide a more comprehensive understanding of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Geng
- Department of Neurology & Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ke Meng
- Department of Neurology & Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Rongcheng People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Weihai, China
| | - Xiaoduo Liu
- Department of Neurology & Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Neurology & Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Neurodegenerative Laboratory of Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
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