1
|
Horreo JL, Jiménez-Valverde A, Fitze PS. Climatic niche differences among Zootoca vivipara clades with different parity modes: implications for the evolution and maintenance of viviparity. Front Zool 2021; 18:32. [PMID: 34183024 PMCID: PMC8240382 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-021-00403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Parity mode (oviparity/viviparity) importantly affects the ecology, morphology, physiology, biogeography and evolution of organisms. The main hypotheses explaining the evolution and maintenance of viviparity are based on bioclimatic predictions and also state that the benefits of viviparity arise during the reproductive period. We identify the main climatic variables discriminating between viviparous and oviparous Eurasian common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) occurrence records during the reproductive period and over the entire year. Analyses based on the climates during the reproductive period show that viviparous clades inhabit sites with less variable temperature and precipitation. On the contrary, analyses based on the annual climates show that viviparous clades inhabit sites with more variable temperatures. Results from models using climates during reproduction are in line with the “selfish-mother hypothesis”, which can explain the success of viviparity, the maintenance of the two reproductive modes, and why viviparous individuals cannot colonize sites inhabited by oviparous ones (and vice versa). They suggest that during the reproductive period viviparity has an adaptive advantage over oviparity in less risky habitats thanks to the selfish behaviour of the mothers. Moreover, the results from both analyses stress that hypotheses about the evolution and maintenance of viviparity need to be tested during the reproductive period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Horreo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Complutense University of Madrid, C/José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Jiménez-Valverde
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Grupo de Investigación de Biología del Suelo y de los Ecosistemas Subterráneos, A.P. 20 Campus Universitario, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - P S Fitze
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dupoué A, Blaimont P, Rozen‐Rechels D, Richard M, Meylan S, Clobert J, Miles DB, Martin R, Decencière B, Agostini S, Le Galliard J. Water availability and temperature induce changes in oxidative status during pregnancy in a viviparous lizard. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andréaz Dupoué
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS‐UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Pauline Blaimont
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
| | | | - Murielle Richard
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS‐UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- Sorbonne Université, iEES ParisCNRS‐UMR 7618 Paris France
- ESPE de Paris, Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS‐UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Donald B. Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences Ohio University Athens OH USA
| | - Rémi Martin
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS‐UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Beatriz Decencière
- Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron Ile De France) Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS‐UMS 3194 PSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Simon Agostini
- Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron Ile De France) Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS‐UMS 3194 PSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Jean‐François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne Université, iEES ParisCNRS‐UMR 7618 Paris France
- Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron Ile De France) Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS‐UMS 3194 PSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Romero-Diaz C, Gonzalez-Jimena V, Fitze PS. Corticosterone mediated mate choice affects female mating reluctance and reproductive success. Horm Behav 2019; 113:1-12. [PMID: 31034792 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The study of stress-related hormones as mediators of sexual selection has traditionally focused on the effect of glucocorticoids on male quality and competing ability. However, environmental stressors are expected to affect both males and females, and the strength of sexual selection might be affected by changes in female mating decisions, a hypothesis that has rarely been tested. Here, we investigated whether female common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) mating behaviour and mating preferences are affected by different levels of administered corticosterone and conditioned by the familiarity of their partners, which is known to influence Z. vivipara social behaviour. To this end, two females, one corticosterone-treated and one control female, were simultaneously presented with an unfamiliar male and the following day with either a familiar or an unfamiliar male. Females treated with corticosterone (Cort) were more aggressive towards males and mated less. Furthermore, copulation probability in Cort females, but not in control females, increased with body size. On the second day, Cort females only mated with familiar partners. In contrast, male behaviour towards females was not affected by treatment and only bigger males successfully copulated with Cort females. This shows that corticosterone directly affected female mating behaviour and mating preferences, while male mating behaviour was unaffected by the female's level of corticosterone. Environmental and social stressors may affect reproductive strategies of females, the strength of sexual selection, and sexual conflict through their effects on female glucocorticoid levels, potentially in a wide range of species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Romero-Diaz
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Nª Sª de la Victoria s/n, 22700 Jaca, Spain; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States of America.
| | - Virginia Gonzalez-Jimena
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Nª Sª de la Victoria s/n, 22700 Jaca, Spain
| | - Patrick S Fitze
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Nª Sª de la Victoria s/n, 22700 Jaca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Recknagel H, Elmer KR. Differential reproductive investment in co-occurring oviparous and viviparous common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) and implications for life-history trade-offs with viviparity. Oecologia 2019; 190:85-98. [PMID: 31062164 PMCID: PMC6535419 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04398-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Live-bearing reproduction (viviparity) has evolved from egg-laying (oviparity) independently many times and most abundantly in squamate reptiles. Studying life-history trade-offs between the two reproductive modes is an inherently difficult task, as most transitions to viviparity are evolutionarily old and/or are confounded by environmental effects. The common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) is one of very few known reproductively bimodal species, in which some populations are oviparous and others viviparous. Oviparous and viviparous populations can occur in sympatry in the same environment, making this a unique system for investigating alternative life-history trade-offs between oviparous and viviparous reproduction. We find that viviparous females exhibit larger body size, smaller clutch sizes, a larger reproductive investment, and a higher hatching success rate than oviparous females. We find that offspring size and weight from viviparous females was lower compared to offspring from oviparous females, which may reflect space constraints during pregnancy. We suggest that viviparity in common lizards is associated with increased reproductive burden for viviparous females and speculate that this promoted the evolution of larger body size to create more physical space for developing embryos. In the context of life-history trade-offs in the evolution of viviparity, we suggest that the extent of correlation between reproductive traits, or differences between reproductive modes, may also depend on the time since the transition occurred.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Recknagel
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Kathryn R Elmer
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Breedveld MC, San-Jose LM, Romero-Diaz C, Roldan ER, Fitze PS. Mate availability affects the trade-off between producing one or multiple annual clutches. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
6
|
Breedveld MC, Fitze PS. Experimental evidence that sperm maturation drives protandry in an ectotherm. Oecologia 2016; 182:129-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Breedveld MC, Fitze PS. The timing and interval of mate encounter affects investment during mating. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Merel C. Breedveld
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC); Avda Nuestra Señora de la Victoria 16 22700 Jaca Spain
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC); C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Patrick S. Fitze
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC); Avda Nuestra Señora de la Victoria 16 22700 Jaca Spain
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC); C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain
- Department of Ecology and Evolution; University of Lausanne; Biophore 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Fundación Araid; Edificio CEEI Aragón; C/María de Luna 11 50018 Zaragoza Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
A matter of time: delayed mate encounter postpones mating window initiation and reduces the strength of female choosiness. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-014-1864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
9
|
Fitze PS, Gonzalez-Jimena V, San-Jose LM, Heulin B, Sinervo B. Frequency-dependent sexual selection with respect to progeny survival is consistent with predictions from rock-paper-scissors dynamics in the European common lizard. Front Ecol Evol 2014. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2014.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
10
|
Horváthová T, Cooney CR, Fitze PS, Oksanen TA, Jelić D, Ghira I, Uller T, Jandzik D. Length of activity season drives geographic variation in body size of a widely distributed lizard. Ecol Evol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ece3.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher R. Cooney
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; OX1 3PS; Oxford; U.K
| | | | - Tuula A. Oksanen
- Department of Biological & Environmental Science, Centre of Excellence in Evolutionary Research; University of Jyväskylä; P.O. Box 35; FI-40014; Jyväskylä; Finland
| | - Dušan Jelić
- Croatian Institute for Biodiversity; Croatian Herpetological Society HYLA; I. Breznička 5a; HR-10000; Zagreb; Croatia
| | - Ioan Ghira
- Faculty of Biology & Geology; Babes-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca; 1, Kogalniceanu Str.; 400084; Cluj; Romania
| | - Tobias Uller
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; OX1 3PS; Oxford; U.K
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Horváthová T, Baláž M, Jandzik D. Reproduction and morphology of the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) from montane populations in Slovakia. Zoolog Sci 2013; 30:92-8. [PMID: 23387842 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The common lizard, Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823), shows high variation in life histories and morphology across its range, which comprises almost the entire Palearctic region. However, this variation is not congruent with the species phylogeny. This suggests an important role of the environment in shaping the variation in morphology and life histories of this species. As most data on life histories originate from only a small number of populations and do not cover the species' geographic range and phylogenetic diversity, to fill a gap and provide more information for future comparative studies we investigated reproduction and morphology in two montane populations from Slovakia, central Europe. This region is characterized by taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity and both montane and lowland ecological forms of the common lizard occur here. The common lizards from the Slovak populations are sexually dimorphic, with females having larger body and abdomen lengths and males having larger heads and longer legs. Female common lizards start to reproduce at a relatively large size compared to most other populations. This is consistent with a relatively short activity season, which has been shown to be the main factor driving variation in body size in the common lizard. Clutch size was also relatively high and positively correlated with body size, abdomen size and head size. One third of all females attaining the size of the smallest gravid female showed no signs of reproductive activity despite mating opportunities, suggesting that not all females reproduce annually in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terézia Horváthová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina B-1, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Meylan S, Richard M, Bauer S, Haussy C, Miles D. Costs of Mounting an Immune Response during Pregnancy in a Lizard. Physiol Biochem Zool 2013; 86:127-36. [DOI: 10.1086/668637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
13
|
Bleu J, Le Galliard JF, Fitze PS, Meylan S, Clobert J, Massot M. Reproductive allocation strategies: a long-term study on proximate factors and temporal adjustments in a viviparous lizard. Oecologia 2012; 171:141-51. [PMID: 22791132 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-012-2401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Optimisation of reproductive investment is crucial for Darwinian fitness, and detailed long-term studies are especially suited to unravel reproductive allocation strategies. Allocation strategies depend on the timing of resource acquisition, the timing of resource allocation, and trade-offs between different life-history traits. A distinction can be made between capital breeders that fuel reproduction with stored resources and income breeders that use recently acquired resources. In capital breeders, but not in income breeders, energy allocation may be decoupled from energy acquisition. Here, we tested the influence of extrinsic (weather conditions) and intrinsic (female characteristics) factors during energy storage, vitellogenesis and early gestation on reproductive investment, including litter mass, litter size, offspring mass and the litter size and offspring mass trade-off. We used data from a long-term study of the viviparous lizard, Lacerta (Zootoca) vivipara. In terms of extrinsic factors, rainfall during vitellogenesis was positively correlated with litter size and mass, but temperature did not affect reproductive investment. With respect to intrinsic factors, litter size and mass were positively correlated with current body size and postpartum body condition of the previous year, but negatively with parturition date of the previous year. Offspring mass was negatively correlated with litter size, and the strength of this trade-off decreased with the degree of individual variation in resource acquisition, which confirms theoretical predictions. The combined effects of past intrinsic factors and current weather conditions suggest that common lizards combine both recently acquired and stored resources to fuel reproduction. The effect of past energy store points out a trade-off between current and future reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Bleu
- UPMC, CNRS, ENS, UMR 7625-Laboratoire Ecologie et Evolution, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
BLEU J, HEULIN B, HAUSSY C, MEYLAN S, MASSOT M. Experimental evidence of early costs of reproduction in conspecific viviparous and oviparous lizards. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:1264-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02518.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
15
|
San-Jose LM, Granado-Lorencio F, Fitze PS. Dietary lipids reduce the expression of carotenoid-based coloration in Lacerta vivipara. Funct Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.01970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
16
|
Richard M, Massot M, Clobert J, Meylan S. Litter quality and inflammatory response are dependent on mating strategy in a reptile. Oecologia 2012; 170:39-46. [PMID: 22358996 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-012-2282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of health and the production of offspring are competing processes that can result in trade-offs. As vertebrates invest substantial resources in their immune system, it is crucial to understand the interactions between immunity and reproductive strategies. In the lizard Zootoca vivipara, females have condition- and context-dependent mating strategies. We predicted that, if the risk of infection is higher for polyandrous females, then polyandrous females should invest more in immune system while monandrous females should invest more in reproduction. In order to test our prediction, we captured 62 gravid females of known age in a natural population; we kept them until parturition to access to their offspring. Then, using microsatellite marker-based paternity analyses within litters, we determine the mating strategy of females (monandrous or polyandrous). Females were also challenged with PHA to estimate their inflammatory response. Our results show that polyandrous females have a higher PHA response than the monandrous females, and that monandrous females produce more males and more juveniles of better body condition than polyandrous females. The relationship between mating behaviour and immune function may have consequences for females and may shape the evolution of mating systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Richard
- Laboratoire Ecologie and Evolution, UPMC-ENS-CNRS, UMR 7625, Case 237, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|