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Dysregulated balance in Th17/Treg axis of Pristane-induced lupus mouse model, are mesenchymal stem cells therapeutic? Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109699. [PMID: 36867923 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in general and targeted immunosuppressive therapies, limiting all mainstay treatment options in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cases has necessitated the development of new therapeutic strategies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently emerged with unique properties, including a solid propensity to reduce inflammation, exert immunomodulatory effects, and repair injured tissues. METHODS An animal model of acquired SLE mice was induced via intraperitoneal immunization with Pristane and affirmed by measuring specific biomarkers. Bone marrow (BM) MSCs were isolated from healthy BALB/c mice and cultured in vitro, then were identified and confirmed by flow cytometry and cytodifferentiation. Systemic MSCs transplantation was performed and then several parameters were analyzed and compared, including specific cytokines (IL-17, IL-4, IFN-ɣ, TGF-β) at the serum level, the percentage of Th cell subsets (Treg/Th17, Th1/Th2) in splenocytes, and also the relief of lupus nephritis, respectively by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry analysis and by hematoxylin & eosin staining and also immunofluorescence assessment. Experiments were carried out with different initiation treatment time points (early and late stages of disease). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Tukey's test was used for multiple comparisons. RESULTS The rate of proteinuria, anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, and serum creatinine levels decreased with BM-MSCs transplantation. These results were associated with attenuated lupus renal pathology in terms of reducing IgG and C3 deposition and lymphocyte infiltration. Our findings suggested that TGF-β (associated with lupus microenvironment) can contribute to MSC-based immunotherapy by modulating the population of TCD4+ cell subsets. Obtained results indicated that MSCs-based cytotherapy could negatively affect the progression of induced SLE by recovering the function of Treg cells, suppressing Th1, Th2, and Th17 lymphocyte function, and downregulating their pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION MSC-based immunotherapy showed a delayed effect on the progression of acquired SLE in a lupus microenvironment-dependent manner. Allogenic MSCs transplantation revealed the ability to re-establish the balance of Th17/Treg, Th1/Th2 and restore the plasma cytokines network in a pattern dependent on disease conditions. The conflicting results of early versus advanced therapy suggest that MSCs may produce different effects depending on when they are administered and their activation status.
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Hoseinzadeh A, Rezaieyazdi Z, Afshari JT, Mahmoudi A, Heydari S, Moradi R, Esmaeili SA, Mahmoudi M. Modulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Mediated Adaptive Immune Effectors' Repertoire in the Recovery of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:322-344. [PMID: 36272020 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The breakdown of self-tolerance of the immune response can lead to autoimmune conditions in which chronic inflammation induces tissue damage. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a debilitating multisystemic autoimmune disorder with a high prevalence in women of childbearing age; however, SLE incidence, prevalence, and severity are strongly influenced by ethnicity. Although the mystery of autoimmune diseases remains unsolved, disturbance in the proportion and function of B cell subsets has a major role in SLE's pathogenesis. Additionally, colocalizing hyperactive T helper cell subgroups within inflammatory niches are indispensable. Despite significant advances in standard treatments, nonspecific immunosuppression, the risk of serious infections, and resistance to conventional therapies in some cases have raised the urgent need for new treatment strategies. Without the need to suppress the immune system, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as ''smart" immune modulators, are able to control cellular and humoral auto-aggression responses by participating in precursor cell development. In lupus, due to autologous MSCs disorder, the ability of allogenic engrafted MSCs in tissue regeneration and resetting immune homeostasis with the provision of a new immunocyte repertoire has been considered simultaneously. In Brief The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) lineage plays a critical role in maintaining the hematopoietic stem-cell microstructure and modulating immunocytes. The impairment of BM-MSCs and their niche partially contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE-like diseases. Allogenic MSC transplantation can reconstruct BM microstructure, possibly contributing to the recovery of immunocyte phenotype restoration of immune homeostasis. In terms of future prospects of MSCs, artificially gained by ex vivo isolation and culture adaptation, the wide variety of potential mediators and mechanisms might be linked to the promotion of the immunomodulatory function of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hoseinzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezaieyazdi
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.,Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jalil Tavakol Afshari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sahar Heydari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Reza Moradi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Square, Kalantari Blvd, Pardi's campusMashhad, Iran.
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Kim J, Eom MR, Ji Jeong E, Choi JS, Kwon SK. Multiple stimulation with spheroids comprising salivary gland and adipose-derived stem cells enhances regeneration of radiation-damaged salivary glands. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Azim F, Islam MS, Saju H, Fatema K, Hayat A, Kamal M, Sarfraz M, Muhammad N, Rizvi SA. The Emergence of Novel Coronavirus Disease, Global Treatment Update and its Containment Strategies in Overpopulated Countries: A Review. CORONAVIRUSES 2021; 2:1-10. [DOI: 10.2174/2666796701999201123101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
:
The ongoing pandemic of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has created
a major challenge for the public health worldwide. The reported cases indicate that the outbreak is
more widespread than initially assumed. Around 18 million people have been infected with
689,000 reported deaths (August 2020; the number is increasing daily); with a high mutation rate,
this virus poses an even more serious threat worldwide. The actual source of COVID-19 is still unclear;
even if the initial reports link it to the Chinese seafood wet market in Wuhan, other animals
such as birds, snakes, and many small mammals including bats are also linked with this novel coronavirus.
The structure of the COVID-19 shows distinctive proteins among which spike proteins
have a pivotal role in host cell attachment and virus-cell membrane fusion in order to facilitate
virus infection. Currently, no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine is available. Various drug candidates,
including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV protease inhibitors, neuraminidase inhibitors, RNA
synthesis inhibitors, ACE2 inhibitors and lungs supportive therapy, are under trials. Cell-based therapy
also appeared with remarkable treatment possibilities. In this article, we endeavored to
succinctly cover the current and available treatment options, including pharmaceuticals, cell-based
therapy, and traditional medicine. We also focused on the extent of damages by this novel coronavirus
in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh; the strategies adopted and the research activities initiated
so far by these densely populated countries (neighboring China) are explained in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazli Azim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Hedaeytullah Saju
- School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
| | - Kaniz Fatema
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital, Dhaka,Bangladesh
| | - Aneela Hayat
- Department of Pathology, Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan,Pakistan
| | - Mostofa Kamal
- Department of Medicine, Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka,Bangladesh
| | - Md Sarfraz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Sitapur, UP,India
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- COMSATS University, Lahore Campus, Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), Lahore,Pakistan
| | - Syed A.A. Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hampton University School of Pharmacy (HUSOP), Hampton, VA,United States
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Zhang T, Huang T, Su Y, Gao J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells‐Based Targeting Delivery System: Therapeutic Promises and Immunomodulation against Tumor. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti‐Cancer Drug Research College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310058 China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Ting Huang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti‐Cancer Drug Research College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Yuanqin Su
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti‐Cancer Drug Research College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti‐Cancer Drug Research College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310058 China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310058 China
- Cancer Center of Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Rd Hangzhou 310058 China
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3250864. [PMID: 29743979 PMCID: PMC5878867 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3250864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Based on animal studies, adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising for the treatment of pancreatitis. However, the best type of this form of cell therapy and its mechanism of action remain unclear. Methods We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Clinical Trials.gov websites for studies using MSCs as a therapy for both acute and chronic pancreatitis published until September 2017. Results We identified 276 publications; of these publications, 18 met our inclusion criteria. In animal studies, stem cell therapy was applied more frequently for acute pancreatitis than for chronic pancreatitis. No clinical trials were identified. MSC therapy ameliorated pancreatic inflammation in acute pancreatitis and pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis. Bone marrow and umbilical cord MSCs were the most frequently administered cell types. Due to the substantial heterogeneity among the studies regarding the type, source, and dose of MSCs used, conducting a meta-analysis was not feasible to determine the best type of MSCs. Conclusion The available data were insufficient for determining the best type of MSCs for the treatment of acute or chronic pancreatitis; therefore, clinical trials investigating the use of MSCs as therapy for pancreatitis are not warranted.
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Wang Z, Xing H, Hu H, Dai T, Wang Y, Li Z, An R, Xu H, Liu Y, Liu B. Intraglandular transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells combined with platelet-rich fibrin extract for the treatment of irradiation-induced salivary gland damage. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:795-805. [PMID: 29434684 PMCID: PMC5772943 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) combined with heterologous platelet-rich fibrin extract (PRFe) on irradiation-induced salivary gland (SG) damage. ADSCs were isolated from C3H mice, whereas PRFe was obtained from New Zealand rabbits. Twelve weeks post irradiation, the ADSCs or PRFe or their combination were transplanted into the submandibular glands of C3H mice with irradiation-induced damage. The salivary flow rate (SFR) was determined and histopathological analysis was performed at 12 weeks post transplantation. Immunofluorescence, microvessel density measurements and transmission electron microscopy were performed to assess α-amylase (AMY) production, apoptosis and microstructural changes in the cells. The administration of ADSCs combined with PRFe increased the SFR at 12 weeks post transplantation, whereas ADSCs alone or PRFe alone failed to do so. The ADSCs+PRFe-treated, irradiated SGs had fewer damaged and atrophied acinar cells, higher AMY levels and an increased microvessel density compared with the untreated irradiated SGs. Moreover, SG tissue from the ADSCs+PRFe group also showed decreased apoptotic and increased proliferative activity compared to that from the irradiated group. In conclusion, ADSCs or PRFe alone did not restore permanent, irradiation-induced damage of SG tissue when used alone, but when used together, they provided effective treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifa Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Xing
- Department of Stomatology, Xinzhou 2nd People's Hospital, Xinzhou, Shaanxi 034100, P.R. China
| | - Hanqing Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The 94th Hospital of PLA, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330002, P.R. China
| | - Taiqiang Dai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zhijin Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Ran An
- Laboratory Animal Center, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Laboratory Animal Center, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yanpu Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Ma S, Chen X, Wang L, Wei Y, Ni Y, Chu Y, Liu Y, Zhu H, Zheng R, Zhang Y. Repairing effects of ICAM-1-expressing mesenchymal stem cells in mice with autoimmune thyroiditis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1295-1302. [PMID: 28413469 PMCID: PMC5377266 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the repairing effects of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1-expressing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in mice with autoimmune thyroiditis. Following induction of an experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) model, mice were randomly divided into the following groups (n=10 each): i) Normal control; and experimental groups that were subject to EAT induction, including ii) EAT model; and iii) primary MSC; iv) C3H10T1/2/MSC; v) C3H10T1/2-MIGR1/MSC; and vi) C3H10T1/2-MIGR1-ICAM-1/MSC, which were all administered the relevant cells. MSCs were administered via the caudal vein. A blood sample was harvested from the angular vein of each animal 28 days post-treatment and ELISA was used to determine the serum total triiodothyronine, total thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb), anti-thyroid microsomal (TMAb) and anti-thyroglobulin (TGAb) antibodies. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to evaluate injury of the thyroid gland by determining the size of the follicle, inflammatory infiltration, colloidal substance retention and epithelial injury. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-17 and interferon (INF)-γ. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). To observe cellular migration in vivo, mice were divided into the following groups, (n=10 each), which were subject to EAT induction: i) CM-DiI-labeled primary MSC; ii) CM-DiI-labeled C3H10T1/2/MSC; iii) CM-DiI-labeled C3H10T1/2-MIGR1/MSC; and iv) CM-DiI-labeled C3H10T1/2-ICAM-1/MSC, which were all administered the relevant cells via the caudal vein. C3H10T1/2-ICAM-1/MSCs were able to ameliorate the expression of T4, TSH, TPOAb, TMAb and TGAb in vivo, attenuate thyroid follicle injury and decrease the splenic index in mice. They were also able to ameliorate the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and INF-γ, and the modulation of the P38 and ERK-signaling pathways in the mouse spleen. Furthermore, ICAM-1 overexpression was able to modulate the nesting of MSCs in the thyroid gland and lung. These findings suggest that C3H10T1/2-ICAM-1/MSC may affect the differentiation, proliferation and migration of immunocytes through modulating the p38 and ERK signaling pathways, and that ICAM-1 may modulate the immunoregulatory effects of MSCs by affecting the migration of MSCs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Ma
- Department of Paediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhui Chen
- Department of Postgraduate Studies, Hebei North College, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Paediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Ni
- Department of Paediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Chu
- Department of Paediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yuanlin Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
| | - Rongxiu Zheng
- Department of Paediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
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Park N, Rim YA, Jung H, Kim J, Yi H, Kim Y, Jang Y, Jung SM, Lee J, Kwok SK, Park SH, Ju JH. Etanercept-Synthesising Mesenchymal Stem Cells Efficiently Ameliorate Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39593. [PMID: 28084468 PMCID: PMC5234034 DOI: 10.1038/srep39593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multiple properties including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in various disease models and clinical treatments. These beneficial effects, however, are sometimes inconsistent and unpredictable. For wider and proper application, scientists sought to improve MSC functions by engineering. We aimed to invent a novel method to produce synthetic biological drugs from engineered MSCs. We investigated the anti-arthritic effect of engineered MSCs in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. Biologics such as etanercept are the most successful drugs used in anti-cytokine therapy. Biologics are made of protein components, and thus can be theoretically produced from cells including MSCs. MSCs were transfected with recombinant minicircles encoding etanercept (trade name, Enbrel), which is a tumour necrosis factor α blocker currently used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. We confirmed minicircle expression in MSCs in vitro based on GFP. Etanercept production was verified from the conditioned media. We confirmed that self-reproduced etanercept was biologically active in vitro. Arthritis subsided more efficiently in CIA mice injected with mcTNFR2MSCs than in those injected with conventional MSCs or etanercept only. Although this novel strategy is in a very early conceptual stage, it seems to represent a potential alternative method for the delivery of biologics and engineering MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narae Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeri Alice Rim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Jung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Juryun Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoju Yi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Youngkyun Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yeonsue Jang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Jung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jennifer Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ju
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea
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Choi EW, Lee M, Song JW, Shin IS, Kim SJ. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can restore lupus disease-associated miRNA expression and Th1/Th2 ratios in a murine model of SLE. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38237. [PMID: 27924862 PMCID: PMC5141468 DOI: 10.1038/srep38237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
C3.MRL-Faslpr/J mice spontaneously develop high titers of anti-dsDNA, mild glomerular nephritis, and severe lymphoproliferation symptoms. This study aimed to compare the effects of long-term serial administration of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), and cyclophosphamide treatment in C3.MRL-Faslpr/J mice using a murine SLE model. C3.MRL-Faslpr/J mice were divided into saline (C), cyclophosphamide (Y), and ASC (H) treatment groups. Background-matched control C3H mice treated with saline (N) were also compared. The Y group showed the greatest improvement in disease parameters, but with damaged trabecular integrity. ASC transplantation reduced anti-dsDNA levels, glomerular C3 deposition and CD138 proportion significantly, without trabecular damage. Furthermore, both cyclophosphamide and ASC treatment significantly decreased the ratio of Th1/Th2 compared with the saline-treatment. The expression levels of miR-31-5p, miR-96-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-183-5p, and miR-379-5p were significantly higher, while those of miR150-5p were significantly lower in the C group than in the N group. The expression levels of miR-96-5p, miR-182-5p in the Y and H groups were significantly lower than in the C group. Thus, treatment with cyclophosphamide or ASC can change miRNAs and decrease miR-96-5p and miR-182-5p expression, as well as decreasing the CD138 proportion and the Th1/Th2 ratio, which might be involved in the therapeutic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea.,School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - MinJae Lee
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woo Song
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Seob Shin
- Biostar Stem Cell Research Center, K-STEMCELL, #2-305 IT Castle, 98 GasanDigital2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 153-768, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea.,Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
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Chen W, Xia ZK, Zhang MH, Ding GC, Zhang XY, Wang ZX, Yang RY. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells ameliorates dermal fibrosis in a mouse model of scleroderma. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 10:52-56. [PMID: 28107865 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for limited cutaneous scleroderma (LS) in mouse models. METHODS ADSCs were isolated from pathogen-free female C57BL/6 mice and LS was induced in wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice via daily injection of bleomycin (0.1 mL × 300 μg/mL) for 4 weeks; then the ADSCs were subcutaneously injected into the dorsal area in the model treatment group, and 100 μL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution was injected into the same site in the model control group. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used to track the cells using an in vivo imaging system on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after transplantation. All mice were sacrificed and histologic analyses were performed after 4 weeks, and the skin thickness, collagen deposition and the total content of hydroxyproline were evaluated. Additionally, immunohistochemistry were performed to compare the tissue expression and distribution of TGF-β1 and VEGF between the ADSCs treatment group and the treatment control group. RESULTS WT C57BL/6 LS mouse model were successfully established and GFP in vivo fluorescence imaging showed that the translated ADSCs survived at the local for at least 4 weeks. Compared with the control group, the ADSCs treatment group significantly attenuated bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis, reduced the skin thickness and the total content of hydroxyproline (P < 0.05). The ADSCs treatment group displayed significantly lower levels of TGF-β1 and higher levels of VEGF than the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ADSCs may provide a feasible and practical treatment for autoimmune diseases such as LS and ameliorate dermal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Dermatology, Zhu Ri He Base Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Inner Mongolia, China; Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Kuan Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Man-Hui Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Chun Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Xu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Ya Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
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12
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Hu J, Zhao G, Zhang L, Qiao C, Di A, Gao H, Xu H. Safety and therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell infusion on moderate to severe ulcerative colitis. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2983-2989. [PMID: 27882104 PMCID: PMC5103734 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the primary targets of the clinical treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is to repair the damaged colonic mucosa. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine due to their differentiation capacity and their secretion of numerous bioactive molecules. The present study describes a clinical trial (trial registration no. NCT01221428) investigating the safety and therapeutic effect of MSCs derived from human umbilical cord on moderate to severe UC. Thirty-four patients with UC were included in group I and treated with MSC infusion in addition to the base treatment, and thirty-six patients were in group II and treated with normal saline in addition to the base treatment. One month after therapy, 30/36 patients in group I showed good response, and diffuse and deep ulcer formation and severe inflammatory mucosa were improved markedly. During the follow up, the median Mayo score and histology score in group I were decreased while IBDQ scores were significantly improved compared with before treatment and group II (P<0.05). Compared with group II, there were no evident adverse reactions after MSC infusion in any of the patients in group I, and no chronic side effects or lingering effects appeared during the follow-up period. In conclusion, MSC infusion might be a useful and safe therapy for treating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Hu
- Stem Cell Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Anorectal Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Lize Zhang
- Anorectal Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Cuixia Qiao
- Anorectal Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Aiping Di
- Anorectal Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Hong Gao
- Stem Cell Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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13
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Malanga G, Abdelshahed D, Jayaram P. Orthobiologic Interventions Using Ultrasound Guidance. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2016; 27:717-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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14
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Gaide Chevronnay HP, Janssens V, Van Der Smissen P, Rocca CJ, Liao XH, Refetoff S, Pierreux CE, Cherqui S, Courtoy PJ. Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation Can Normalize Thyroid Function in a Cystinosis Mouse Model. Endocrinology 2016; 157:1363-71. [PMID: 26812160 PMCID: PMC4816724 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is the most frequent and earliest endocrine complication in cystinosis, a multisystemic lysosomal storage disease caused by defective transmembrane cystine transporter, cystinosin (CTNS gene). We recently demonstrated in Ctns(-/-) mice that altered thyroglobulin biosynthesis associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, combined with defective lysosomal processing, caused hypothyroidism. In Ctns(-/-) kidney, hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation provides long-term functional and structural protection. Tissue repair involves transfer of cystinosin-bearing lysosomes from HSCs differentiated as F4/80 macrophages into deficient kidney tubular cells, via tunneling nanotubes that cross basement laminae. Here we evaluated the benefit of HSC transplantation for cystinotic thyroid and investigated the underlying mechanisms. HSC engraftment in Ctns(-/-) thyroid drastically decreased cystine accumulation, normalized the TSH level, and corrected the structure of a large fraction of thyrocytes. In the thyroid microenvironment, HSCs differentiated into a distinct, mixed macrophage/dendritic cell lineage expressing CD45 and major histocompatibility complex II but low CD11b and F4/80. Grafted HSCs closely apposed to follicles and produced tunneling nanotube-like extensions that crossed follicular basement laminae. HSCs themselves further squeezed into follicles, allowing extensive contact with thyrocytes, but did not transdifferentiate into Nkx2.1-expressing cells. Our observations revealed significant differences of basement lamina porosity between the thyroid and kidney and/or intrinsic macrophage invasive properties once in the thyroid microenvironment. The contrast between extensive thyrocyte protection and low HSC abundance at steady state suggests multiple sequential encounters and/or remanent impact. This is the first report demonstrating the potential of HSC transplantation to correct thyroid disease and supports a major multisystemic benefit of stem cell therapy for cystinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Gaide Chevronnay
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - V Janssens
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - P Van Der Smissen
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - C J Rocca
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - X H Liao
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - S Refetoff
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - C E Pierreux
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - S Cherqui
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - P J Courtoy
- Cell Biology Unit (H.P.G.C., V.J., P.V.D.S., C.E.P., P.J.C.), de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics (C.J.R., S.C.), Division of Genetics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92161; and Departments of Medicine (X.H.L., S.R.) and Pediatrics and Genetics (S.R.), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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15
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Consentius C, Reinke P, Volk HD. Immunogenicity of allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells: what has been seen in vitro and in vivo? Regen Med 2016; 10:305-15. [PMID: 25933239 DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are promising candidates for supporting regeneration and suppressing undesired immune reactivity. Although autologous MSC have been most commonly used for clinical trials, data on application of allogeneic MHC-unmatched MSC were reported. The usage of MSC as an 'off-the-shelf' product would have several advantages; however, it is an immunological challenge. The preclinical studies on the (non)immunogenicity of MSC are contradictory and, unfortunately, solid data from clinical trials are missing. Induction of an alloresponse would be a major limitation for the application of allogeneic MSC. Here we discuss the key elements for the induction of an alloresponse and targets of immunomodulation by MSC as well as preclinical and clinical hints on allo(non)response to MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Consentius
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Gao F, Chiu SM, Motan DAL, Zhang Z, Chen L, Ji HL, Tse HF, Fu QL, Lian Q. Mesenchymal stem cells and immunomodulation: current status and future prospects. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2062. [PMID: 26794657 PMCID: PMC4816164 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 748] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make them an invaluable cell type for the repair of tissue/ organ damage caused by chronic inflammation or autoimmune disorders. Although they hold great promise in the treatment of immune disorders such as graft versus host disease (GvHD) and allergic disorders, there remain many challenges to overcome before their widespread clinical application. An understanding of the biological properties of MSCs will clarify the mechanisms of MSC-based transplantation for immunomodulation. In this review, we summarize the preclinical and clinical studies of MSCs from different adult tissues, discuss the current hurdles to their use and propose the future development of pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs as an approach to immunomodulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S M Chiu
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - D A L Motan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - L Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - H-L Ji
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
| | - H-F Tse
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Q-L Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Q Lian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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17
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Choi EW, Lee HW, Shin IS, Park JH, Yun TW, Youn HY, Kim SJ. Comparative Efficacies of Long-Term Serial Transplantation of Syngeneic, Allogeneic, Xenogeneic, or CTLA4Ig-Overproducing Xenogeneic Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:1193-206. [PMID: 26377835 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x689442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic and xenogeneic transplantation are suitable alternatives for treating patients with stem cell defects and autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of long-term serial transplantation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from (NZB × NZW) F1 mice (syngeneic), BALB/c mice (allogeneic), or humans (xenogeneic) on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The effects of transplanting human ASCs overproducing CTLA4Ig (CTLA4Ig-hASC) were also compared. Animals were divided into five experimental groups, according to the transplanted cell type. Approximately 500,000 ASCs were administered intravenously every 2 weeks from 6 to 60 weeks of age to all mice except for the control mice, which received saline. The human ASC groups (hASC and CTLA4Ig-hASC) showed a 13-week increase in average life spans and increased survival rates and decreased blood urea nitrogen, proteinuria, and glomerular IgG deposition. The allogeneic group also showed higher survival rates compared to those of the control, up to 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 52, and 53 weeks of age. Syngeneic ASC transplantation did not accelerate the mortality of the mice. The mean life span of both the syngeneic and allogeneic groups was prolonged for 6-7 weeks. Both human ASC groups displayed increased serum interleukin-10 and interleukin-4 levels, whereas both mouse ASC groups displayed significantly increased GM-CSF and interferon-γ levels in the serum. The strongest humoral immune response was induced by xenogeneic transplantation, followed by allogeneic, CTLA4Ig-xenogeneic, and syngeneic transplantations. Long-term serial transplantation of the ASCs from various sources displayed different patterns of cytokine expression and humoral responses, but all of them increased life spans in an SLE mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Choi EW, Shin IS, Song JW, Yun TW, Yang J, Choi KS, Seong JK. Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevents the Development of Lupus Dermatitis. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2041-51. [PMID: 25941899 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MRL/lpr mice spontaneously develop high titers of anti-dsDNA antibodies and symptoms such as glomerular nephritis and organ weight gain. They also develop spontaneous skin inflammation similar to the cutaneous lesions common in human lupus erythematosus. This study aimed to compare the effects of long-term serial administration of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), CTLA4Ig-overexpressing ASCs, and cyclophosphamide treatment in MRL/lpr mice. MRL/lpr mice were divided into saline (C), cyclophosphamide (Y), ASC early (E), ASC late (L), and CTLA4Ig-overexpressing ASC (CT) treatment groups. Background-matched control MRL/MPJ mice treated with saline (N) were also compared. The treatment period was 5-23 weeks, except for the L group (15-23 weeks). Blood and tissue samples were collected when the mice were 24 weeks old. Organ weight, anti-dsDNA antibodies, urine protein, skin and kidney histologic abnormalities, and trabecular bone volume were evaluated. The Y group showed the greatest decrease in anti-dsDNA antibodies, organ weight, degree of kidney inflammation and glomerular infiltration of C3, and incidence rate of severe proteinuria; the E, L, and CT treatment groups showed better results than the C group. ASC transplantation reduced anti-dsDNA antibody levels significantly. Mice treated with ASCs or CTLA4Ig-ASCs starting from the early disease stage did not show dermatitis upon gross examination; they demonstrated significant improvement in hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration scores in histopathology. Micro-CT analysis revealed that cyclophosphamide treatment significantly decreased bone volume and increased bone spacing in the trabecular bone. Thus, we found that ASC and CTLA4-ASC treatments prevent lupus dermatitis development in MRL/lpr mice without adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- 1 Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Seob Shin
- 3 Biostar Stem Cell Research Center, K-STEMCELL , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woo Song
- 1 Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Yun
- 1 Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehoon Yang
- 1 Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sil Choi
- 1 Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- 4 Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 Program for Veterinary Science, Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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19
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Choi EW, Shin IS, Song JW, Lee M, Yun TW, Yang J, Choi KS, Kim SJ. Effects of Transplantation of CTLA4Ig-Overexpressing Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice With Sustained Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:243-59. [PMID: 26087385 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x688470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CTLA4Ig has therapeutic potential for rheumatoid arthritis patients unresponsive to methotrexate (MTX) or TNF-α blockers. However, recombinant CTLA4Ig proteins are short acting and expensive. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) present an ideal stem cell source for practical regenerative medicine due to their abundant availability and their beneficial properties including immunomodulation, homing activity, paracrine effects, and differentiation ability. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether CTLA4Ig and human ASCs show synergistic effects on immunomodulation and clinical improvement of sustained severe rheumatoid arthritis in a mouse model. hASCs overexpressing CTLA4Ig (CTLA4Ig-hASC) were serially transplanted into mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritic mice were subjected to four treatments based on their arthritis score on day 62 postimmunization: control (C group), hASC (H group), CTLA4Ig-hASC (CT group), and MTX (MTX group). A group of healthy mice was used as a normal control (N). Mice in the N and C groups were infused with 150 µl saline, and 2 × 10(6) hASCs or CTLA4Ig-hASCs in 150 µl of saline were intravenously administered to those in the H and CT groups, respectively, on days 63, 70, 77, and 84 after CII immunization. About 1 mg/kg of methotrexate was intraperitoneally administered to the MTX group three times a week for 4 weeks. Serial hASC and CTLA4Ig-hASC transplantation modulated various cytokines and chemokines related to the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Both treatments protected against destruction of cartilage, with CTLA4Ig-hASCs being most effective. Serum levels of CII autoantibodies and C-telopeptide of type II collagen were significantly low in the group transplanted with CTLA4Ig-hASCs. In vitro, ASC and CTLA4Ig-hASC treatment significantly decreased T-bet and GATA-3 expression in splenocytes from arthritic mice, and CTLA4Ig-hASC treatment significantly increased the ratio of Treg/Th17 (CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)/CD4(+)CD25(+)RORγt) cells. Serial hASC and CTLA4Ig-hASC transplantation offers promising treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, and CTLA4Ig-hASCs showed stronger therapeutic effects than nontransduced hASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Minteer DM, Marra KG, Rubin JP. Adipose stem cells: biology, safety, regulation, and regenerative potential. Clin Plast Surg 2015; 42:169-79. [PMID: 25827561 DOI: 10.1016/j.cps.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) biology, describes the current knowledge in the literature for the safety and regulation of ASCs, and provides a brief overview of the regenerative potential of ASCs. It is not an exhaustive listing of all available clinical studies or every study applying ASCs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but is an objective commentary of these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Minteer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kacey G Marra
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - J Peter Rubin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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21
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Han SM, Kim HT, Kim KW, Jeon KO, Seo KW, Choi EW, Youn HY. CTLA4 overexpressing adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy in a dog with steroid-refractory pemphigus foliaceus. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:49. [PMID: 25889154 PMCID: PMC4417222 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune antibody-mediated skin disease characterized by acantholysis. The objective of this case report is to present the successful management of steroid refractory pemphigus foliaceus with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4)-overexpressing adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (ATMSCs). Case presentation A 10-year-old, 12.3-kg, castrated male Shih Tzu presented with severe pruritus and anorexia. The diagnosis of pemphigus foliaceus was made based on its history, physical examination, and histopathology results of a skin biopsy. Treatment with prednisolone and combination therapy of other immunosuppressive drugs had failed; therefore, immunosuppressive gene, CTLA4 overexpressing ATMSCs (CTLA4-ATMSCs) and/or naive ATMSCs administration was performed with the consent of the owner. ATMSCs were administered 21 times over a period of 20 months with intervals of 2 to 8 week. Prednisolone was gradually tapered concurrently and no relapse of the clinical signs was observed. After the termination of CTLA4-ATMSCs and/or naive ATMSCs treatment, the skin lesions had improved and could be managed with a low dose of prednisolone for 12 months. Conclusion CTLA4-ATMSCs or naive ATMSCs transplantation may be beneficial as adjunctive therapy to initiate and maintain the remission of skin lesions caused by pemphigus foliaceus in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei-Myoung Han
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Tae Kim
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kun-Woo Kim
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kee-Ok Jeon
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoung-Won Seo
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute/ School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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Marfia G, Navone SE, Di Vito C, Ughi N, Tabano S, Miozzo M, Tremolada C, Bolla G, Crotti C, Ingegnoli F, Rampini P, Riboni L, Gualtierotti R, Campanella R. Mesenchymal stem cells: potential for therapy and treatment of chronic non-healing skin wounds. Organogenesis 2015; 11:183-206. [PMID: 26652928 PMCID: PMC4879897 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2015.1126018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex physiological process including overlapping phases (hemostatic/inflammatory, proliferating and remodeling phases). Every alteration in this mechanism might lead to pathological conditions of different medical relevance. Treatments for chronic non-healing wounds are expensive because reiterative treatments are needed. Regenerative medicine and in particular mesenchymal stem cells approach is emerging as new potential clinical application in wound healing. In the past decades, advance in the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying wound healing process has led to extensive topical administration of growth factors as part of wound care. Currently, no definitive treatment is available and the research on optimal wound care depends upon the efficacy and cost-benefit of emerging therapies. Here we provide an overview on the novel approaches through stem cell therapy to improve cutaneous wound healing, with a focus on diabetic wounds and Systemic Sclerosis-associated ulcers, which are particularly challenging. Current and future treatment approaches are discussed with an emphasis on recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Marfia
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy; Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Elena Navone
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy; Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Di Vito
- University of Milan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; LITA-Segrate; Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ughi
- Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabano
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Division of Pathology; Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Division of Pathology; Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Bolla
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Crotti
- Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ingegnoli
- Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rampini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy; Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Riboni
- University of Milan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; LITA-Segrate; Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Gualtierotti
- Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Rolando Campanella
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy; Milan, Italy
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Rahavi H, Hashemi SM, Soleimani M, Mohammadi J, Tajik N. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells exert in vitro immunomodulatory and beta cell protective functions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:878535. [PMID: 25893202 PMCID: PMC4393922 DOI: 10.1155/2015/878535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) might be applied for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treatment. Thus, we proposed in vitro assessment of adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) immunomodulation on autoimmune response along with beta cell protection in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice model. MSCs were extracted from abdominal adipose tissue of normal mice and cultured to proliferate. Diabetic mice were prepared by administration of multiple low-doses of streptozotocin. Pancreatic islets were isolated from normal mice and splenocytes prepared from normal and diabetic mice. Proliferation, cytokine production, and insulin secretion assays were performed in coculture experiments. AT-MSCs inhibited splenocytes proliferative response to specific (islet lysate) and nonspecific (PHA) triggers in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-17, and increased secretion of regulatory cytokines such as TGF-β, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 by stimulated splenocytes were also shown in response to islet lysate or PHA stimulants (P < 0.05). Finally, we demonstrated that AT-MSCs could effectively sustain viability as well as insulin secretion potential of pancreatic islets in the presence of reactive splenocytes (P < 0.05). In conclusion, it seems that MSCs may provide a new horizon for T1DM cell therapy and islet transplantation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Rahavi
- Division of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Mohammadi
- Division of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Tajik
- Division of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Nader Tajik:
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Choi EW, Yun TW, Song JW, Lee M, Yang J, Choi KS. Preventive effects of CTLA4Ig-overexpressing adipose tissue--derived mesenchymal stromal cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Cytotherapy 2014; 17:271-82. [PMID: 25541299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disorder. In this study, we first compared the therapeutic effects of syngeneic and xenogeneic adipose tissue-derived stem cells on a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. Second, we investigated the synergistic preventive effects of CTLA4Ig and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) as a therapeutic substance. METHODS Arthritis was induced in all groups except for the normal, saline (N) group, using chicken type II collagen (CII). Animals were divided into C (control, saline), H (hASCs), M (mASCs) and N groups (experiment I) and C, H, CT (CTLA4Ig-overexpressing human ASC [CTLA4Ig-hASCs]) and N groups (experiment II), according to transplanted material. Approximately 2 × 10(6) ASCs or 150 μL of saline was intravenously administered on days 24, 27, 30 and 34, and all animals were killed on days 42 to 44 after CII immunization. RESULTS Anti-mouse CII autoantibodies were significantly lower in the H, M and CT groups than in the C group. Cartilage damage severity score and C-telopeptide of type II collagen were significantly lower in the CT group than in the C group. The serum levels of IL-6 were significantly lower in the H, M and CT groups than in the C group. The serum levels of keratinocyte chemoattractant were significantly lower in the CT group than the C group. CONCLUSIONS There were similar effects of ASCs on the decrease of anti-mouse CII autoantibody levels between syngeneic and xenogeneic transplantations, and CTLA4Ig-hASCs showed synergistic preventive effects compared with non-transduced hASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Won Yun
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woo Song
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjae Lee
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehoon Yang
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sil Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Takahashi T, Tibell A, Ljung K, Saito Y, Gronlund A, Osterholm C, Holgersson J, Lundgren T, Ericzon BG, Corbascio M, Kumagai-Braesch M. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells synergize with costimulation blockade in the inhibition of immune responses and the induction of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:1484-94. [PMID: 25313200 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy and costimulation blockade are two immunomodulatory strategies being developed concomitantly for the treatment of immunological diseases. Both of these strategies have the capacity to inhibit immune responses and induce regulatory T cells; however, their ability to synergize remains largely unexplored. In order to study this, MSCs from C57BL/6 (H2b) mice were infused together with fully major histocompatibility complex-mismatched Balb/c (H2d) allogeneic islets into the portal vein of diabetic C57BL/6 (H2b) mice, which were subsequently treated with costimulation blockade for the first 10 days after transplantation. Mice receiving both recipient-type MSCs, CTLA4Ig, and anti-CD40L demonstrated indefinite graft acceptance, just as did most of the recipients receiving MSCs and CTLA4Ig. Recipients of MSCs only rejected their grafts, and fewer than one half of the recipients treated with costimulation blockade alone achieved permanent engraftment. The livers of the recipients treated with MSCs plus costimulation blockade contained large numbers of islets surrounded by Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. These recipients showed reduced antidonor IgG levels and a glucose tolerance similar to that of naïve nondiabetic mice. Intrahepatic lymphocytes and splenocytes from these recipients displayed reduced proliferation and interferon-γ production when re-exposed to donor antigen. MSCs in the presence of costimulation blockade prevented dendritic cell maturation, inhibited T cell proliferation, increased Foxp3+ regulatory T cell numbers, and increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity. These results indicate that MSC infusion and costimulation blockade have complementary immune-modulating effects that can be used for a broad number of applications in transplantation, autoimmunity, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Takahashi
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Tibell
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Ljung
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yu Saito
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Gronlund
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Osterholm
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Holgersson
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Lundgren
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo-Göran Ericzon
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias Corbascio
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Makiko Kumagai-Braesch
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Choi EW, Lee JM, Lee HW, Yang J, Youn HY. Therapeutic effects of CTLA4Ig gene-transduced adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on established autoimmune thyroiditis. Cell Transplant 2014; 24:2221-36. [PMID: 25299180 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x685122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the beneficial effects of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and ASCs that overexpress the CTLA4Ig gene (CTLA4Ig-ASCs) on established autoimmune thyroiditis and to examine changes in clinical chemistry parameters and the presence of humoral responses upon repeated long-term administration of autologous ASCs. This study also aimed to acquire desirable results in a preclinical study by using large-sized lab animals and applying ASCs that overexpress therapeutic genes. Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis was induced by immunization with thyroglobulin. Experimental dogs were divided into five groups: (i) ASC IT + IV, (ii) ASC IV, (iii) CTLA4Ig-ASC IT + IV, (iv) CTLA4Ig-ASC IV, and (v) control IT + IV (saline only), and they received intrathyroidal (IT; 10 million cells/250 µl saline per thyroid) administration one time or intravenous (IV; 20 million cells/5 ml) administration seven times within a 101-day period. Blood samples were collected every week, and thyroids were harvested on days 104-106. After serial ASC or CTLA4Ig transplantation, the levels of canine thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA) in serum and the infiltration of T-lymphocytes between the follicles of the thyroid glands were decreased. The expression of FoxP3 in submandibular lymph nodes was significantly increased. Repeated long-term administration of autologous ASCs or CTLA4Ig-ASCs did not generate changes in clinical chemistry parameters or humoral responses.The TgAA test can detect autoimmune thyroiditis years before clinical signs of hypothyroidism occur. Thus, ASC and CTLA4Ig-ASC transplantation in that period can be attractive candidates to ameliorate autoimmune thyroiditis and prevent the development of hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Mesenchymal stem cells: environmentally responsive therapeutics for regenerative medicine. Exp Mol Med 2013; 45:e54. [PMID: 24232253 PMCID: PMC3849579 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2013.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 826] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are partially defined by their ability to differentiate into tissues including bone, cartilage and adipose in vitro, but it is their trophic, paracrine and immunomodulatory functions that may have the greatest therapeutic impact in vivo. Unlike pharmaceutical treatments that deliver a single agent at a specific dose, MSCs are site regulated and secrete bioactive factors and signals at variable concentrations in response to local microenvironmental cues. Significant progress has been made in understanding the biochemical and metabolic mechanisms and feedback associated with MSC response. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory capacity of MSC may be paramount in the restoration of localized or systemic conditions for normal healing and tissue regeneration. Allogeneic MSC treatments, categorized as a drug by regulatory agencies, have been widely pursued, but new studies demonstrate the efficacy of autologous MSC therapies, even for individuals affected by a disease state. Safety and regulatory concerns surrounding allogeneic cell preparations make autologous and minimally manipulated cell therapies an attractive option for many regenerative, anti-inflammatory and autoimmune applications.
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Sullivan C, Barry F, Ritter T, O'Flatharta C, Howard L, Shaw G, Anegon I, Murphy M. Allogeneic murine mesenchymal stem cells: migration to inflamed joints in vivo and amelioration of collagen induced arthritis when transduced to express CTLA4Ig. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:3203-13. [PMID: 23895495 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the immunosuppressive, homing, and regenerative capabilities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), their ability to migrate to arthritic joints and influence the course of arthritis in vivo remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine if allogeneic MSCs migrate to inflamed joints in vivo and to determine if MSCs expressing the costimulation blocker cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 coupled to immunoglobulin-G (CTLA4Ig) could be used to ameliorate collagen induced arthritis (CIA). The migration of systemically delivered inbred mouse strain (FVB) MSCs to migrate to inflamed joints in CIA was studied using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the effect of BALB/c MSCs modified with an adenoviral vector to express CTLA4Ig, on T cell function in vitro and on CIA in vivo was assessed. After systemic delivery of FVB MSCs, eGFP DNA was detectable in the joints of mice with CIA confirming that some MSCs had reached to inflamed joints. BALB/c MSCs suppressed the secretion of both TNFα and IFNγ, and reduced the ratio of Th1:Th2 cytokine expression, by DBA/1 T cells in vitro irrespective of viral modification. The expression of CTLA4Ig did not augment this effect. Despite a worsening of disease scores after infusion of BALB/c MSCs in vivo, BALB/c MSCs expressing CTLA4Ig significantly delayed the onset of inflammatory arthritis in CIA. These data demonstrate that allogeneic MSCs can migrate to the inflamed joints of CIA in vivo and that genetically modified allogeneic MSCs may be considered for development of gene therapy strategies for inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Sullivan
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland
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29
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Systemic transplantation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the regeneration of irradiation-induced salivary gland damage. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71167. [PMID: 23951100 PMCID: PMC3739795 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cell-based therapy has been reported to repair or restore damaged salivary gland (SG) tissue after irradiation. This study was aimed at determining whether systemic administration of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs) can ameliorate radiation-induced SG damage. Methods hAdMSCs (1×106) were administered through a tail vein of C3H mice immediately after local irradiation, and then this infusion was repeated once a week for 3 consecutive weeks. At 12 weeks after irradiation, functional evaluations were conducted by measuring salivary flow rates (SFRs) and salivation lag times, and histopathologic and immunofluorescence histochemistry studies were performed to assay microstructural changes, apoptosis, and proliferation indices. The engraftment and in vivo differentiation of infused hAdMSCs were also investigated, and the transdifferentiation of hAdMSCs into amylase-producing SG epithelial cells (SGCs) was observed in vitro using a co-culture system. Results The systemic administration of hAdMSCs exhibited improved SFRs at 12 weeks after irradiation. hAdMSC-transplanted SGs showed fewer damaged and atrophied acinar cells and higher mucin and amylase production levels than untreated irradiated SGs. Immunofluorescence TUNEL assays revealed fewer apoptotic cells in the hAdMSC group than in the untreated group. Infused hAdMSCs were detected in transplanted SGs at 4 weeks after irradiation and some cells were found to have differentiated into SGCs. In vitro, a low number of co-cultured hAdMSCs (13%–18%) were observed to transdifferentiate into SGCs. Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that hAdMSCs have the potential to protect against irradiation-induced cell loss and to transdifferentiate into SGCs, and suggest that hAdMSC administration should be viewed as a candidate therapy for the treatment of radiation-induced SG damage.
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McIntosh KR, Frazier T, Rowan BG, Gimble JM. Evolution and future prospects of adipose-derived immunomodulatory cell therapeutics. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2013; 9:175-84. [PMID: 23390948 DOI: 10.1586/eci.12.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have evolved from what many considered a theoretical science to what is now a clinical reality. Tissue engineering combines biomaterial scaffolds, growth factors and stem or progenitor cells to repair damaged tissues. Adipose tissue, an abundant and easily accessed tissue, is a potential source of stromal/stem cells for regenerative therapeutic applications. Like bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stromal/stem cells display both immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties. The adipose cells exert these actions, in part, through their secretion of paracrine growth factors. This review highlights recent developments in the isolation, characterization and preclinical application of adipose-derived cells and the challenges facing their translation into clinical practice.
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Wen Z, Liao Q, Hu Y, Liu S, You L, Zhao Y. Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells: A novel approach to inhibiting acute pancreatitis. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:598-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Choi EW, Shin IS, Park SY, Yoon EJ, Kang SK, Ra JC, Hong SH. Characteristics of mouse adipose tissue-derived stem cells and therapeutic comparisons between syngeneic and allogeneic adipose tissue-derived stem cell transplantation in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis. Cell Transplant 2013; 23:873-87. [PMID: 23485102 DOI: 10.3727/096368913x664586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we found that the intravenous administration of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells was a promising therapeutic option for autoimmune thyroiditis even when the cells were transplanted into a xenogeneic model without an immunosuppressant. Therefore, we explored the comparison between the therapeutic effects of syngeneic and allogeneic adipose tissue-derived stem cells on an experimental autoimmune thyroiditis mouse model. Experimental autoimmune thyroiditis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by immunization with porcine thyroglobulin. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells derived from C57BL/6 mice (syngeneic) or BALB/c mice (allogeneic) or saline as a vehicle control were administered intravenously four times weekly. Blood and tissue samples were collected 1 week after the last transplantation. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells from mice were able to differentiate into multiple lineages in vitro; however, mouse adipose tissue-derived stem cells did not have immunophenotypes identical to those from humans. Syngeneic and allogeneic administrations of adipose tissue-derived stem cells reduced thyroglobulin autoantibodies and the inflammatory immune response, protected against lymphocyte infiltration into the thyroid, and restored the Th1/Th2 balance without any adverse effects. However, different humoral immune responses were observed for infused cells from different stem cell sources. The strongest humoral immune response was induced by xenogeneic transplantation, followed by allogeneic and syngeneic administration, in that order. The stem cells were mostly found in the spleen, not the thyroid. This migration might be because the stem cells primarily function in systemic immune modulation, due to being given prior to disease induction. In this study, we confirmed that there were equal effects of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in treating autoimmune thyroiditis between syngeneic and allogeneic transplantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hashemi SM, Hassan ZM, Pourfathollah AA, Soudi S, Shafiee A, Soleimani M. Comparative immunomodulatory properties of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioned media from BALB/c, C57BL/6, and DBA mouse strains. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:955-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li J, Ezzelarab MB, Cooper DKC. Do mesenchymal stem cells function across species barriers? Relevance for xenotransplantation. Xenotransplantation 2013; 19:273-85. [PMID: 22978461 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSC) are a promising therapy for various pathological conditions. Genetically modified pig MSC have been demonstrated to downregulate the human T-cell response to pig antigens in vitro. Before genetically modified pig MSC can be used clinically, however, evidence needs to be provided to indicate whether they will survive in a human (xenogeneic) host. LITERATURE SEARCH AND RESULTS A literature search through the end of 2011 identified 94 reports of the in vivo cross-species administration of MSC in a variety of experimental models. The majority (n = 89) involved the use of human MSC in various other species, with an occasional study using pig, rat, or guinea-pig MSC. When human MSC were used, they were largely derived from the bone marrow, adipose tissue, or umbilical cord blood. The routes of administration were varied, although almost half of the studies utilized the intravenous route. In 88 experiments (93.6%), there was evidence that the MSC engrafted and functioned across the species barrier, and in only six cases (6.4%) was there evidence of failure to function. Importantly, MSC function was confirmed in several different cross-species models. For example, human MSC functioned in no fewer than seven different recipient species. CONCLUSIONS The data provided by this literature search strengthen the hypothesis that pig MSC will function satisfactorily in a different species, for example, humans. The data also suggest that our own in vitro observations on the efficacy of pig MSC in downregulating the strength of the human T-cell response to pig antigens will likely be reproduced in vivo in pre-clinical large animal models and in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Park D, Yang G, Bae DK, Lee SH, Yang YH, Kyung J, Kim D, Choi EK, Choi KC, Kim SU, Kang SK, Ra JC, Kim YB. Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve cognitive function and physical activity in ageing mice. J Neurosci Res 2013; 91:660-70. [PMID: 23404260 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain ageing leads to atrophy and degeneration of the cholinergic nervous system, resulting in profound neurobehavioral and cognitive dysfunction from decreased acetylcholine biosynthesis and reduced secretion of growth and neurotrophic factors. Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were intravenously (1 × 10(6) cells) or intracerebroventricularly (4 × 10(5) cells) transplanted into the brains of 18-month-old mice once or four times at 2-week intervals. Transplantation of ADMSCs improved both locomotor activity and cognitive function in the aged animals, in parallel with recovery of acetylcholine levels in brain tissues. Transplanted cells differentiated into neurons and, in part, into astrocytes and produced choline acetyltransferase proteins. Transplantation of ADMSCs restored microtubule-associated protein 2 in brain tissue and enhanced Trk B expression and the concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor. These results indicate that human ADMSCs differentiate into neural cells in the brain microenvironment and can restore physical and cognitive functions of aged mice not only by increasing acetylcholine synthesis but also by restoring neuronal integrity that may be mediated by growth/neurotrophic factors. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsun Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
In the last 10 years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a therapeutic approach to regenerative medicine, cancer, autoimmune diseases, and many more due to their potential to differentiate into various tissues, to repair damaged tissues and organs, and also for their immunomodulatory properties. Findings in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated immune regulatory function of MSCs and have facilitated their application in clinical trials, such as those of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases. There has been an increasing interest in the role of MSCs in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), including hematopoietic stem cell engraftment and the prevention and treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and their therapeutic potential has been reported in numerous clinical trials. Although the safety of clinical application of MSCs is established, further modifications to improve their efficacy are required. In this review, we summarize advances in the potential use of MSCs in HSCT. In addition, we discuss their use in clinical trials of the treatment of GVHD following HSCT, the immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs, and their regenerative and therapeutic potential in the field of HSCT.
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Burr SP, Dazzi F, Garden OA. Mesenchymal stromal cells and regulatory T cells: the Yin and Yang of peripheral tolerance? Immunol Cell Biol 2013; 91:12-8. [PMID: 23146942 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2012.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) have both garnered significant interest from immunologists worldwide, not least because of the potential application of both cell types in the treatment of many chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Although both MSCs and Tregs can be considered immunosuppressive in their own right, the induction of Tregs by activated MSCs is now a well-publicised phenomenon; however, only recently have the mechanisms involved in this induction started to become clear. Indeed, it is becoming increasingly apparent that there exists a complex interplay between the two lineages leading to this potent inhibition of the host immune response. Cell contact, soluble mediators-including prostaglandin E(2) and transforming growth factor β-and indirect induction via manipulation of other antigen-presenting cells all appear to have vital roles in the interactions between MSCs and Tregs. Much still remains to be discovered before we have a full understanding of this important aspect of the immune response, but there have already been a multitude of clinical trials suggesting that MSC/Treg therapies could offer significant benefits in the treatment of both autoimmune disease and graft versus host disease. Although these therapies are still in their infancy, the synergy between MSCs and Tregs will undoubtedly yield future breakthroughs in the treatment of many debilitating conditions and usher in a new wave of targeted, cell-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Burr
- Regulatory T Cell Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
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Gimble JM, Bunnell BA, Guilak F. Human adipose-derived cells: an update on the transition to clinical translation. Regen Med 2012; 7:225-35. [PMID: 22397611 DOI: 10.2217/rme.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pace of discovery involving adipose-derived cells continues to accelerate at both the preclinical and clinical translational levels. Adipose tissue is a source of freshly isolated, heterogeneous stromal vascular fraction cells and culture-expanded, adherent and relatively homogeneous adipose stromal/stem cells. Both populations display regenerative capacity in soft and hard tissue repair, ischemic insults and autoimmune diseases. While their major mechanism of action has been attributed to both direct lineage differentiation and/or paracrine factor release, current evidence favors a paracrine mechanism. Over 40 clinical trials using adipose-derived cells conducted in 15 countries have been registered with the NIH, the majority of which are Phase I or Phase I/II safety studies. This review focuses on the literature of the past 2 years in order to assess the status of clinical and preclinical studies on adipose-derived cell therapies for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Gimble
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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Journey of mesenchymal stem cells for homing: strategies to enhance efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:342968. [PMID: 22754575 PMCID: PMC3382267 DOI: 10.1155/2012/342968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) communicate with other cells in the human body and appear to "home" to areas of injury in response to signals of cellular damage, known as homing signals. This review of the state of current research on homing of MSCs suggests that favorable cellular conditions and the in vivo environment facilitate and are required for the migration of MSCs to the site of insult or injury in vivo. We review the current understanding of MSC migration and discuss strategies for enhancing both the environmental and cellular conditions that give rise to effective homing of MSCs. This may allow MSCs to quickly find and migrate to injured tissues, where they may best exert clinical benefits resulting from improved homing and the presence of increased numbers of MSCs.
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Song SH, Lee MO, Lee JS, Jeong HC, Kim HG, Kim WS, Hur M, Cha HJ. Genetic modification of human adipose-derived stem cells for promoting wound healing. J Dermatol Sci 2012; 66:98-107. [PMID: 22472356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 02/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diverse growth factors secreted from human adipocyte-derived stem cells (hASCs) that support or manage adjacent cells have been studied for therapeutic potentials to a variety of pathological models. However, senescent growth arrest in hASCs during in vitro culture and subsequent defective differentiation potential, have been technical barriers to further genetic modification of hASCs for functional improvement. OBJECTIVE We investigated the feasibility of long-term hASC culture to enhance their therapeutic use. METHODS We used a MYC variant to generate hASCs expressing v-myc and determined their growth potential and growth factor secretion profile. We further introduced an AKT variant to generate constitutively active (CA)-Akt/v-myc hASCs. Finally, we tested the ability of promoting wound healing of medium conditioned with CA-Akt/v-myc hASCs. RESULTS The v-myc hASCs actively proliferated longer than control hASCs. Increased secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by v-myc hASCs promoted the migration potential of hASCs and vasculogenesis in co-cultured endothelial cells. Additional genetic modification of v-myc hASCs using CA-Akt further increased VEGF secretion. In addition, injection of CA-Akt/v-myc hASCs-CM into wound-mice model promoted wound healing compared to normal hASCs-CM. CONCLUSION Genetic modification of hASCs to stimulate secretion of growth factors is a novel strategy to maximize their paracrine effect and improve their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Song
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kouris NA, Squirrell JM, Jung JP, Pehlke CA, Hacker T, Eliceiri KW, Ogle BM. A nondenatured, noncrosslinked collagen matrix to deliver stem cells to the heart. Regen Med 2012; 6:569-82. [PMID: 21916593 DOI: 10.2217/rme.11.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Stem cell transplantation holds promise as a therapeutic approach for the repair of damaged myocardial tissue. One challenge of this approach is efficient delivery and long-term retention of the stem cells. Although several synthetic and natural biomaterials have been developed for this purpose, the ideal formulation has yet to be identified. MATERIALS & METHODS Here we investigate the utility of a nondenatured, noncrosslinked, commercially available natural biomaterial (TissueMend(®) [TEI Biosciences, Boston, MA, USA]) for delivery of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to the murine heart. RESULTS We found that MSCs attached, proliferated and migrated within and out of the TissueMend matrix in vitro. Human MSCs delivered to damaged murine myocardium via the matrix (2.3 × 10(4) ± 0.8 × 10(4) CD73(+) cells/matrix) were maintained in vivo for 3 weeks and underwent at least three population doublings during that period (21.9 × 10(4) ± 14.4 × 10(4) CD73(+) cells/matrix). In addition, collagen within the TissueMend matrix could be remodeled by MSCs in vivo, resulting in a significant decrease in the coefficient of alignment of fibers (0.12 ± 0.12) compared with the matrix alone (0.28 ± 0.07), and the MSCs were capable of migrating out of the matrix and into the host tissue. CONCLUSION Thus, TissueMend matrix offers a commercially available, biocompatible and malleable vehicle for the delivery and retention of stem cells to the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Kouris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Choi EW, Shin IS, Park SY, Park JH, Kim JS, Yoon EJ, Kang SK, Ra JC, Hong SH. Reversal of serologic, immunologic, and histologic dysfunction in mice with systemic lupus erythematosus by long-term serial adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 64:243-53. [DOI: 10.1002/art.33313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ra JC, Kang SK, Shin IS, Park HG, Joo SA, Kim JG, Kang BC, Lee YS, Nakama K, Piao M, Sohl B, Kurtz A. Stem cell treatment for patients with autoimmune disease by systemic infusion of culture-expanded autologous adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Transl Med 2011; 9:181. [PMID: 22017805 PMCID: PMC3222617 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged life expectancy, life style and environmental changes have caused a changing disease pattern in developed countries towards an increase of degenerative and autoimmune diseases. Stem cells have become a promising tool for their treatment by promoting tissue repair and protection from immune-attack associated damage. Patient-derived autologous stem cells present a safe option for this treatment since these will not induce immune rejection and thus multiple treatments are possible without any risk for allogenic sensitization, which may arise from allogenic stem cell transplantations. Here we report the outcome of treatments with culture expanded human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs) of 10 patients with autoimmune associated tissue damage and exhausted therapeutic options, including autoimmune hearing loss, multiple sclerosis, polymyotitis, atopic dermatitis and rheumatoid arthritis. For treatment, we developed a standardized culture-expansion protocol for hAdMSCs from minimal amounts of fat tissue, providing sufficient number of cells for repetitive injections. High expansion efficiencies were routinely achieved from autoimmune patients and from elderly donors without measurable loss in safety profile, genetic stability, vitality and differentiation potency, migration and homing characteristics. Although the conclusions that can be drawn from the compassionate use treatments in terms of therapeutic efficacy are only preliminary, the data provide convincing evidence for safety and therapeutic properties of systemically administered AdMSC in human patients with no other treatment options. The authors believe that ex-vivo-expanded autologous AdMSCs provide a promising alternative for treating autoimmune diseases. Further clinical studies are needed that take into account the results obtained from case studies as those presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Chan Ra
- Stem Cell Research Center, RNL BIO, Seoul, 153-768, Republic of Korea.
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