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Zhang C, Zhang C, Liu X, Sun W, Liu H. Circular RNA PGPEP1 induces colorectal cancer malignancy and immune escape. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1743-1758. [PMID: 37424115 PMCID: PMC10446806 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2225923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal tumor globally. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as regulatory players in the pathogenesis of CRC. However, it is unclear whether hsa_circ_0050102 (circPGPEP1) affects the malignant progression and immune escape in CRC. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis and circRNA in vivo precipitation experiments were performed to analyze and identify circRNAs that mediate immune escape in CRC. Using luciferase reporter assay, RIP, RNA pull-down assay, and FISH, the interaction between circPGPEP1, miR-515-5p, and nuclear factor of activated T-cell 5 (NFAT5) was identified. The functional role of circPGPEP1/miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis in CRC anti-tumor immunity was investigated by co-culture assay, CFSE assay, and flow cytometry of CRC cells and T cells. RESULTS circPGPEP1 was a stable circRNA that was highly expressed in CRC. Functionally, circPGPEP1 silencing not only effectively inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, EMT, and immune escape and promoted apoptosis in vitro, but also inhibited CRC tumor growth and immune escape in vivo. In terms of the regulatory mechanism, circIGF2BP3 competitively upregulated NFAT5 expression by sponging miR-515-5p. Furthermore, functional rescue experiments showed that circPGPEP1 acted in CRC by regulating the miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis. CONCLUSION Collectively, circPGPEP1 exerts an oncogene role in CRC by regulating the miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - ChengZhao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - XinLu Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - WenShuo Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - HuanRan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Mezher M, Abdallah S, Ashekyan O, Shoukari AA, Choubassy H, Kurdi A, Temraz S, Nasr R. Insights on the Biomarker Potential of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: An In Silico Characterization of Related Exosomal lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–Target Axis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071081. [PMID: 37048155 PMCID: PMC10093117 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer types, ranking third after lung and breast cancers. As such, it demands special attention for better characterization, which may eventually result in the development of early detection strategies and preventive measures. Currently, components of bodily fluids, which may reflect various disease states, are being increasingly researched for their biomarker potential. One of these components is the circulating extracellular vesicles, namely, exosomes, which are demonstrated to carry various cargo. Of importance, the non-coding RNA cargo of circulating exosomes, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and micro RNAs (miRNAs), may potentially serve as significant diagnostic and prognostic/predictive biomarkers. In this review, we present existing evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic/predictive biomarker value of exosomal non-coding RNAs in CRC. In addition, taking advantage of the miRNA sponging functionality of lncRNAs and circRNAs, we demonstrate an experimentally validated CRC exosomal non-coding RNA-regulated target gene axis benefiting from published miRNA sponging studies in CRC. Hence, we present a set of target genes and pathways downstream of the lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–target axis along with associated significant Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, which may collectively serve to better characterize CRC and shed light on the significance of exosomal non-coding RNAs in CRC diagnosis and prognosis/prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mezher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Samira Abdallah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Ohanes Ashekyan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Ayman Al Shoukari
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Choubassy
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 6573, Lebanon
| | - Abdallah Kurdi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Sally Temraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
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Luo ZD, Wang YF, Zhao YX, Yu LC, Li T, Fan YJ, Zeng SJ, Zhang YL, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer oxaliplatin resistance and liquid biopsy potential. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1-18. [PMID: 36683709 PMCID: PMC9850945 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive tract, with the annual incidence and mortality increasing consistently. Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is a preferred therapeutic regimen for patients with advanced CRC. However, most patients will inevitably develop resistance to oxaliplatin. Many studies have reported that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are extensively involved in cancer progression. Moreover, emerging evidence has revealed that ncRNAs mediate chemoresistance to oxaliplatin by transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and by epigenetic modification. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate the initiation and development of CRC chemoresistance to oxaliplatin. Furthermore, we investigate the clinical application of ncRNAs as promising biomarkers for liquid CRC biopsy. This review provides new insights into overcoming oxaliplatin resistance in CRC by targeting ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Dong Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Long-Chen Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying-Jing Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shun-Jie Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan-Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
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Fang G, Xu D, Zhang T, Wang G, Qiu L, Gao X, Miao Y. Biological functions, mechanisms, and clinical significance of circular RNA in colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1138481. [PMID: 36950552 PMCID: PMC10025547 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1138481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide due to the lack of effective diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets, resulting in poor patient survival rates. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of endogenous non-coding RNA (ncRNA) with a closed-loop structure that plays a crucial role in physiological processes and pathological diseases. Recent studies indicate that circRNAs are involved in the diagnosis, prognosis, drug resistance, and development of tumors, particularly in CRC. Therefore, circRNA could be a potential new target for improving CRC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. This review focuses on the origin and biological functions of circRNA, summarizes recent research on circRNA's role in CRC, and discusses the potential use of circRNAs as clinical biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as therapeutic targets for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guida Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical College of Lianyungang Second People’s Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, China
| | - Dalai Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical College of Lianyungang Second People’s Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xuzhu Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical College of Lianyungang Second People’s Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
- Institute of Clinical Oncology, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City (Cancer Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
- *Correspondence: Yongchang Miao, ; Xuzhu Gao,
| | - Yongchang Miao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical College of Lianyungang Second People’s Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Lianyungang, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
- *Correspondence: Yongchang Miao, ; Xuzhu Gao,
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Yang Z, Xu F, Teschendorff AE, Zhao Y, Yao L, Li J, He Y. Insights into the role of long non-coding RNAs in DNA methylation mediated transcriptional regulation. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1067406. [PMID: 36533073 PMCID: PMC9755597 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1067406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms that governing regulation of gene expression, aberrant DNA methylation patterns are strongly associated with human malignancies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have being discovered as a significant regulator on gene expression at the epigenetic level. Emerging evidences have indicated the intricate regulatory effects between lncRNAs and DNA methylation. On one hand, transcription of lncRNAs are controlled by the promoter methylation, which is similar to protein coding genes, on the other hand, lncRNA could interact with enzymes involved in DNA methylation to affect the methylation pattern of downstream genes, thus regulating their expression. In addition, circular RNAs (circRNAs) being an important class of noncoding RNA are also found to participate in this complex regulatory network. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on this crosstalk between lncRNA, circRNA, and DNA methylation as well as their potential functions in complex diseases including cancer. This work reveals a hidden layer for gene transcriptional regulation and enhances our understanding for epigenetics regarding detailed mechanisms on lncRNA regulatory function in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Andrew E. Teschendorff
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Experiment Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yungang He
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Liu J, Chen S, Li Z, Teng W, Ye X. Hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467 promote colorectal cancer cells progression and construction of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Front Genet 2022; 13:993727. [PMID: 36339002 PMCID: PMC9631208 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.993727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been demonstrated to be closely involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis and metastasis. More potential biomarkers are needed to be searched for colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study is to seek differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), test their roles in CRC and construct a potential competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Methods: CircRNA microarrays were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus, and differential expression was analyzed by R software. The relative expressions of DEcircRNAs were confirmed in CRC tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. MTs and Transwell experiments were performed for detecting the roles of circRNAs on CRC cell proliferation and migration, respectively. Targeted miRNAs of circRNAs and targeted mRNAs of miRNAs were predicted and screened by bioinformatics methods. A ceRNA network of DEcircRNAs was constructed by Cytoscape. To further verify the potential ceRNA network, the expressions of miRNAs and mRNAs in knockdown of DEcircRNAs CRC cells were detected by qRT-PCR. Results: Two DEcircRNAs (hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467) were identified and validated in CRC tissues and cell lines. The results of MTs and Transwell experiments showed that hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467 promoted CRC proliferation and migration. Bioinformatics analysis screened 3 miRNAs (miR-326, miR-330-5p, and miR-330-3p) and 2 mRNAs (FADS1 and RUNX1), and a ceRNA network was constructed. In knockdown of hsa_circ_0040809 HCT-116 cells, the expression of miR-330-3p was significantly upregulated, while RUNX1 was significantly downregulated. In knockdown of hsa_circ_0000467 HCT-116 cells, the expressions of miR-326 and miR-330-3p were upregulated, while FADS1was downregulated. Conclusion: We found that hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467 were upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and promoted CRC cell progression. A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network based on hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467 was constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Teng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xianren Ye
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianren Ye,
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