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Fu X, Li X, Wang W, Li J. DPP3 promotes breast cancer tumorigenesis by stabilizing FASN and promoting lipid synthesis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:805-818. [PMID: 38655619 PMCID: PMC11177116 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
DPP3, a dipeptidyl peptidase, participates in a variety of pathophysiological processes. DPP3 is upregulated in cancer and might serve as a key factor in the tumorigenesis and progression of various malignancies. However, its specific role and molecular mechanism are still unknown. In this study, the expression of DPP3 in breast cancer tissues is analyzed using TCGA database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis is performed to estimate the effect of DPP3 on the survival outcomes. To explore the biological function and mechanisms of DPP3 in breast cancer, biochemical and cell biology assays are conducted in vitro. DPP3 expresses at a higher level in breast cancer tissues than that in adjacent tissues in both TCGA database and clinical samples. Patients with high expression of DPP3 have poor survival outcomes. The proliferation and migration abilities of tumor cells with stable DPP3 knockout in breast cancer cell lines are significantly inhibited, and apoptosis is increased in vitro. GSEA analysis shows that DPP3 can affect lipid metabolism and fatty acid synthesis in tumors. Subsequent experiments show that DPP3 could stabilize FASN expression and thus promote fatty acid synthesis in tumor cells. The results of the metabolomic analysis also confirm that DPP3 can affect the content of free fatty acids. This study demonstrates that DPP3 plays a role in the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism in tumors and is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. These findings will provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060China
- Department of General SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060China
| | - Xu Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell HomeostasisCollege of Life SciencesTaiKang Center for Life and Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China
| | - Weixing Wang
- Department of General SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060China
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Hu Y, Yu C, Cheng L, Zhong C, An J, Zou M, Liu B, Gao X. Flavokawain C inhibits glucose metabolism and tumor angiogenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting the HSP90B1/STAT3/HK2 signaling axis. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:158. [PMID: 38711062 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Over the past decade, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors have emerged as promising anticancer drugs in solid and hematological malignancies. Flavokawain C (FKC) is a naturally occurring chalcone that has been found to exert considerable anti-tumor efficacy by targeting multiple molecular pathways. However, the efficacy of FKC has not been studied in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Metabolic abnormalities and uncontrolled angiogenesis are two important features of malignant tumors, and the occurrence of these two events may involve the regulation of HSP90B1. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of FKC on NPC proliferation, glycolysis, and angiogenesis by regulating HSP90B1 and the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms. METHODS HSP90B1 expression was analyzed in NPC tissues and its relationship with patient's prognosis was further identified. Afterward, the effects of HSP90B1 on proliferation, apoptosis, glycolysis, and angiogenesis in NPC were studied by loss-of-function assays. Next, the interaction of FKC, HSP90B1, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was evaluated. Then, in vitro experiments were designed to analyze the effect of FKC treatment on NPC cells. Finally, in vivo experiments were allowed to investigate whether FKC treatment regulates proliferation, glycolysis, and angiogenesis of NPC cells by HSP90B1/EGFR pathway. RESULTS HSP90B1 was highly expressed in NPC tissues and was identified as a poor prognostic factor in NPC. At the same time, knockdown of HSP90B1 can inhibit the proliferation of NPC cells, trigger apoptosis, and reduce glycolysis and angiogenesis. Mechanistically, FKC affects downstream EGFR phosphorylation by regulating HSP90B1, thereby regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. FKC treatment inhibited the proliferation, glycolysis, and angiogenesis of NPC cells, which was reversed by introducing overexpression of HSP90B1. In addition, FKC can affect NPC tumor growth and metastasis in vivo by regulating the HSP90B1/EGFR pathway. CONCLUSION Collectively, FKC inhibits glucose metabolism and tumor angiogenesis in NPC by targeting the HSP90B1/EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuQiang Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - ChenJie Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - LiangJun Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun An
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - MingZhen Zou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuZhou Central Hospital, (Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University), No.199, Jiefang South Roa, Xuzhou, 221009, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Li C, Lin X, Su J. HSP90B1 regulates autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, mediating HNSC biological behaviors. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17028. [PMID: 38590708 PMCID: PMC11000640 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Autophagy, a crucial cellular mechanism, facilitates the degradation and removal of misfolded proteins and impaired organelles. Recent research has increasingly highlighted the intimate connection between autophagy and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the context of tumor development. However, the specific role and underlying mechanisms of heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1 (HSP90B1) in modulating autophagy within head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain elusive. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression in HNSC cell lines and tissues. The relationship between HSP90B1 and clinicopathologic features was explored based on TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data and IHC results. The biological functions of HSP90B1 were analyzed through in vitro and in vivo models to evaluate proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy. The mechanisms of HSP90B1 were studied using bioinformatics and WB. Results HSP90B1 was upregulated in HNSC cells and tissues. High HSP90B1 levels were associated with T-stage, M-stage, clinical stage, and poor prognosis in HNSC patients. Functionally, HSP90B1 promotes HNSC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inhibits apoptosis. We discovered that HSP90B1 obstructs autophagy and advances HNSC progression through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that HSP90B1 is highly expressed in HNSC. Furthermore, HSP90B1 may regulate autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, mediating HNSC cell biological behaviors. These provide new insights into potential biomarkers and targets for HNSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiping Su
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Morales LC, Rajendran A, Ansari A, Kc R, Nasrullah M, Kiti K, Yotsomnuk P, Kulka M, Meenakshi Sundaram DN, Uludağ H. Biodistribution of Therapeutic Small Interfering RNAs Delivered with Lipid-Substituted Polyethylenimine-Based Delivery Systems. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1436-1449. [PMID: 38291705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have emerged as a powerful tool to manipulate gene expression in vitro. However, their potential therapeutic application encounters significant challenges, such as degradation in vivo, limited cellular uptake, and restricted biodistribution, among others. This study evaluates the siRNA delivery efficiency of three different lipid-substituted polyethylenimine (PEI)-based carriers, named Leu-Fect A-C, to different organs in vivo, including xenograft tumors, when injected into the bloodstream of mice. The siRNA analysis was undertaken by stem-loop RT-PCR, followed by qPCR or digital droplet PCR. Formulating siRNAs with a Leu-Fect series of carriers generated nanoparticles that effectively delivered the siRNAs into K652 and MV4-11 cells, both models of leukemia. The Leu-Fect carriers were able to successfully deliver BCR-Abl and FLT3 siRNAs into leukemia xenograft tumors in mice. All three carriers demonstrated significantly enhanced siRNA delivery into organs other than the liver, including the xenograft tumors. Preferential biodistribution of siRNAs was observed in the lungs and spleen. Among the delivery systems, Leu-Fect A exhibited the highest biodistribution into organs. In conclusion, lipid-substituted PEI-based delivery systems offer improvements in addressing pharmacokinetic challenges associated with siRNA-based therapies, thus opening avenues for their potential translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis C Morales
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Amarnath Rajendran
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Aysha Ansari
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Remant Kc
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mohammad Nasrullah
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Kitipong Kiti
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Thasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Panadda Yotsomnuk
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang,Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Marianna Kulka
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | | | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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Pueraria lobata Potentially Treating Prostate Cancer on Single-Cell Level by Network Pharmacology and AutoDock: Clinical Findings and Drug Targets. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3758219. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3758219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the common malignant tumors of the urological system, and metastasis often occurs in advanced stages. Chemotherapy is an effective treatment for advanced PCa but has limitations in terms of efficacy, side effects, multidrug resistance, and high treatment costs. Therefore, new treatment modalities for PCa need to be explored and improved. Methods. R language and GEO database were used to obtain differentially expressed genes for PCa single-cell sequencing. TCMSP, STITCH, SwissTargetPrediction, and PubChem databases were used to obtain the active ingredients and targets of Pueraria lobata (PL). Next, Cytoscape software was used to draw the interactive network diagram of “drug–active component–target pathway.” Based on the STRING database, the protein–protein interaction network was constructed. Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were applied for the genes. Molecular docking was used to visualize the drug–target interaction via AutoDock Vina and PyMOL. Finally, prognosis-related genes were found by survival analysis, and Protein Atlas was used for validation. Results. Four active components and 31 target genes were obtained through the regulatory network of PL. Functional enrichment analysis showed that PL played a pharmacological role in the treatment of PCa by regulating the metabolic processes of reactive oxygen species, response to steroid hormones, and oxidative stress as well as IL-17 signaling pathway, PCa, and estrogen signaling pathway. Single-cell data showed that AR, MIF, HSP90B1, and MAOA genes were highly expressed, and molecular docking analysis showed that representative components had a strong affinity with receptor proteins. Survival analysis found that APOE, CA2, IGFBP3, MIF, F10, and NR3C1 could predict progression-free survival (PFS), and some of them could be validated in PCa. Conclusion. In this paper, a drug–active ingredient–target pathway network of PL at the single-cell level of PCa was constructed, and the findings revealed that it acted on genes such as AR, MIF, HSP90B1, and MAOA to regulate several biological processes and related signaling pathways to interfere with the occurrence and development of PCa. APOE, CA2, IGFBP3, MIF, F10, and NR3C1 were also important as target genes in predicting PFS.
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