Synthesis of New Functionalized Heterocyclic [4,3,3] Propellanes via Three-component Reaction Based on Ninhydrin-Phenol Adducts

Application of Multi-component Reaction in the Synthesis of Heterocyclic [3.3.3] Propellane Derivatives

Abstract:

Propellanes and derivatives have attractive properties due to their unique structure. Therefore, [3.3.3] propellanes, containing tricyclic structures with one of the carbon-carbon bonds common in three rings, were used in natural products, pharmaceutical compounds, and heterocyclic compounds, which were biologically important. The various multi-component reactions were applied in the synthesis of propellanes, which were highlighted throughout this review

One-pot, sequential four-component synthesis of novel heterocyclic [3.3.3] propellane derivatives at room temperature

An efficient, one-pot, two-step, four-component reaction for the synthesis of propellane derivatives is described by the condensation reaction between acenaphthenequinone, malono derivatives, primary amines and β-ketoester or β-diketone derivatives in the presence of triethylamine in ethanol at room temperature. Using this procedure, all the products were obtained in good to excellent yields.

Propellanes-From a Chemical Curiosity to "Explosive" Materials and Natural Products

Propellanes are a unique class of compounds currently consisting of well over 10 000 representatives, all featuring two more or less inverted tetrahedral carbon atoms that are common to three bridging rings. The central single bond between the two bridgeheads is significantly weakened in the smaller entities, which leads to unusual reactivities of these structurally interesting propeller-like molecules. This Review highlights the synthesis of such propellanes and their occurrence in material sciences, natural products, and medicinal chemistry. The conversion of [1.1.1]propellane into bridgehead derivatives of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, including oligomers and polymers with bicyclo[1.1.1]penta-1,3-diyl repeat units, is also featured. A selection of natural products with larger propellane subunits are discussed in detail. Heteropropellanes and inorganic propellanes are also addressed. The historical background is touched in brief to show the pioneering work of David Ginsburg, Günther Snatzke, Kenneth B. Wiberg, Günter Szeimies, and others.