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Evans C, Berkey WJ, Jones CW, France S. Zr-Catalyzed Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted 1,3-Diacylpyrroles from N-Acyl α-Aminoaldehydes and 1,3-Dicarbonyls. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37294689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A Zr-catalyzed synthesis of tetrasubstituted 1,3-diacylpyrroles is reported that employs the direct use of N-acyl α-aminoaldehydes with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The products were formed in up to 88% yield and shown to be hydrolytically and configurationally stable under the reaction conditions (THF/1,4-dioxane and H2O). The N-acyl α-aminoaldehydes were readily prepared from the corresponding α-amino acids. The reaction tolerates a wide array of substrate types including alkyl-, aryl-, heteroaryl-, and heteroatom-containing groups on the aminoaldehyde side chain. A variety of 1,3-dicarbonyls proved amenable to the reaction along with an aldehyde derived from a l,l-dipeptide, an aldehyde generated in situ, and an N-acylated glucosamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caria Evans
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - William J Berkey
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Christopher W Jones
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stefan France
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Xia M, Lambu MR, Tatina MB, Judeh ZMA. A Practical Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Pyrroles via a Three-Component Cascade Reaction between Carbohydrates, Oxoacetonitriles, and Ammonium Acetate. J Org Chem 2020; 86:837-849. [PMID: 33326248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A practical three-component reaction between unactivated carbohydrates, oxoacetonitriles, and ammonium acetate gave densely functionalized pyrroles in 75-96% yields. Disaccharides afforded novel pyrrolo-glycosides. This metal-free, Et3N-catalyzed cascade reaction proceeded with exclusive chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities and showed a wide substrate scope with high atom economy. It also proceeded successfully at a 2 g scale, demonstrating potential for large-scale synthesis. The functional groups on the pyrroles permit easy transformation to other handles for the construction of more complex structures. The reaction proceeded through a cascade mechanism involving several intermediates identified by mass spectrometric analysis. This work has great potential for the sustainable production of densely functionalized pyrroles from cheap and widely available carbohydrates and represents a key advancement in the sustainable synthesis of these ubiquitous heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Xia
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14, Singapore 637459
| | - Mallikharjuna Rao Lambu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14, Singapore 637459
| | - Madhu Babu Tatina
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14, Singapore 637459
| | - Zaher M A Judeh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14, Singapore 637459
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3
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Ai L, Liu M, Ji X, Lai M, Zhao M, Ren T. Thermal Behavior Analysis of Two Synthesized Flavor Precursors of
N
‐alkylpyrrole Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lvye Ai
- College of Tobacco ScienceHenan Agricultural University/Henan Province Flavors & Perfumes Engineering Research Center Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Mengzhen Liu
- College of Tobacco ScienceHenan Agricultural University/Henan Province Flavors & Perfumes Engineering Research Center Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- College of Tobacco ScienceHenan Agricultural University/Henan Province Flavors & Perfumes Engineering Research Center Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Miao Lai
- College of Tobacco ScienceHenan Agricultural University/Henan Province Flavors & Perfumes Engineering Research Center Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Mingqin Zhao
- College of Tobacco ScienceHenan Agricultural University/Henan Province Flavors & Perfumes Engineering Research Center Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Tianbao Ren
- College of Tobacco ScienceHenan Agricultural University/Henan Province Flavors & Perfumes Engineering Research Center Zhengzhou 450002 China
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