Synthesis of Hexahydrospiro[pyrazolo[3,4 ‐b ]quinoline‐4,1′‐pyrrolo[3,2,1‐ ij ]quinoline‐2′,5(1 H ,4′H)‐diones] from 5,6‐dihydro‐4 H ‐pyrrolo[3,2,1‐ ij ]quinoline‐1,2‐dione Using Fe 3 O 4 @Cu(OH) x as a Nanocatalyst

1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolines: Synthesis and Properties over 100 Years of Research

This paper summarises a little over 100 years of research on the synthesis and the photophysical and biological properties of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolines that was published in the years 1911–2021. The main methods of synthesis are described, which include Friedländer condensation, synthesis from anthranilic acid derivatives, multicomponent synthesis and others. The use of this class of compounds as potential fluorescent sensors and biologically active compounds is shown. This review intends to summarize the abovementioned aspects of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline chemistry. Some of the results that are presented in this publication come from the laboratories of the authors of this review.