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Jiménez-Pérez A, Fernández-Fariña S, Pedrido R, García-Tojal J. Desulfurization of thiosemicarbazones: the role of metal ions and biological implications. J Biol Inorg Chem 2024; 29:3-31. [PMID: 38148423 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Thiosemicarbazones are biologically active substances whose structural formula is formed by an azomethine, an hydrazine, and a thioamide fragments, to generate a R2C=N-NR-C(=S)-NR2 backbone. These compounds often act as ligands to generate highly stable metal-organic complexes. In certain experimental conditions, however, thiosemicarbazones undergo reactions leading to the cleavage of the chain. Sometimes, the breakage involves desulfurization processes. The present work summarizes the different chemical factors that influence the desulfurization reactions of thiosemicarbazones, such as pH, the presence of oxidant reactants or the establishment of redox processes as those electrochemically induced, the effects of the solvent, the temperature, and the electromagnetic radiation. Many of these reactions require coordination of thiosemicarbazones to metal ions, even those present in the intracellular environment. The nature of the products generated in these reactions, their detection in vivo and in vitro, together with the relevance for the biological activity of these compounds, mainly as antineoplastic agents, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alondra Jiménez-Pérez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Sandra Fernández-Fariña
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosa Pedrido
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Javier García-Tojal
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
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Herrero JM, Fabra D, Matesanz AI, Hernández C, Sánchez-Pérez I, Quiroga AG. Dithiobiureas Palladium(II) complexes' studies: From their synthesis to their biological action. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112261. [PMID: 37271620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dithiobiureas coordination chemistry towards palladium (II) ions and their possible application is presented and discussed. 1,6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,5-dithiobiurea and 1,6-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,5-dithiobiurea afford two Pd(II) complexes with the general formula [Pd2(H2L)Cl2(PPh3)2]. The metal ion forms one chelate ring with the dithiobiurea, and binds to a triphenylphosphine and an additional leaving group cisplatin like. One of the complexes (1) is endowed not only with stability in DMSO and aqua solutions containing a biological buffer but also with cytotoxicity versus gastric cancer cell lines. Complex 1 does not interact covalently to DNA models, neither activates p53 or Checkpoint Kinase 1 key proteins for DNA damage response. Thus, we propose that complex 1 exerts its action by activating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases [p38, Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs)] as cell death inductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Herrero
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Albert Sols, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Stem Cell and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Fabra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias and IadChem, Calle Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Matesanz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias and IadChem, Calle Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Avd. Carlos III s/n, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Isabel Sánchez-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Albert Sols, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cancer Stem Cell and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Chronic Diseases and Cancer Area 3 -Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adoracion G Quiroga
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias and IadChem, Calle Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Mostafa SM, Aly AA, Bräse S, Nieger M, Mohamed AH. Facile synthesis of hydrazono bis-4-oxothiazolidines. J Sulphur Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2022.2083454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Mostafa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Asmaa H. Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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An Overview of the Synthesis and Antimicrobial, Antiprotozoal, and Antitumor Activity of Thiazole and Bisthiazole Derivatives. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030624. [PMID: 33504100 PMCID: PMC7865802 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiazole, a five-membered heteroaromatic ring, is an important scaffold of a large number of synthetic compounds. Its diverse pharmacological activity is reflected in many clinically approved thiazole-containing molecules, with an extensive range of biological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antihelmintic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. Due to its significance in the field of medicinal chemistry, numerous biologically active thiazole and bisthiazole derivatives have been reported in the scientific literature. The current review provides an overview of different methods for the synthesis of thiazole and bisthiazole derivatives and describes various compounds bearing a thiazole and bisthiazole moiety possessing antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and antitumor activity, encouraging further research on the discovery of thiazole-containing drugs.
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Intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions in the thiourea/water complexes (Thio-(H 2O) n) (n = 1, …, 5): X-ray, DFT, NBO, AIM, and RDG analyses. J Mol Model 2020; 26:161. [PMID: 32472203 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04423-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to experimentally and theoretically examine the nature and energy of intermolecular bond interactions between thiourea and water molecules using natural bond orbital (NBO), non-linear optical (NLO), atoms in molecules (AIM), and reduced density gradient (RDG) analyses based on the quantum chemical approach and spectroscopic analysis on X-ray and FTIR. Geometry optimizations of Thio-(H2O)1-5 complexes were carried out in the gas phase by B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of density functional theory. The nature of the molecular interactions between the water and thiourea through hydrogen bonding has been investigated using RDG and AIM methods. NBO analysis shows that the Thio-(H2O)5 complex has higher stabilization energy values than the other complexes. The non-linear optical properties, such as dipole moment (μ), the polarizability (α0), and the first hyperpolarizability (βtot), and thermodynamic functions, such as entropy (S), specific heat capacity (Cv), and thermal energy (E), were calculated using the same method. It was observed that thermodynamic parameters, polarizability, and the first hyperpolarizability increased with the number of water molecules. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that thiourea is single crystal, and the thiourea/water complexes are crystalline in nature. Besides, the infrared spectrum shows the existence of water molecules and it is used to get details of the structure of the complex.
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Dawood KM. Bis‐thiourea Derivatives and Their Utility in Synthesis of Mono‐heterocyclic, Bis‐heterocyclic, and Fused Heterocyclic Systems. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M. Dawood
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceCairo University Giza 12613 Egypt
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Ke S. Convenient Structural Diversity‐Guided Synthesis of Functionalized Sulfur‐Containing Heterocycles
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α‐Substituted Cyanoacetamides. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyong Ke
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research CenterHubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430064 People's Republic of China
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