1
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Chernavin PA, Letyagin GA, Tolstikov SE, Kolesnikov AE, Romanenko GV, Smirnova KA, Borodulina AV, Ovcharenko VI, Bogomyakov AS. Pyridyl-Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxides: Comprehensive Magnetochemical and Quantum Chemical Study. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400873. [PMID: 38869212 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
A series of pyridyl-substituted nitronyl nitroxides was synthesized and structurally characterized. A comprehensive magnetochemical and quantum chemical study of extended raw of the nitroxides with different substituents R in the pyridine fragment was performed. It was shown, that temperature-dependent magnetic properties are determined by the short contacts between nitroxide groups of adjacent molecules as well as between nitroxide group and methyl substituents in the pseudo axial positions of imidazoline fragments. Quantum chemistry allows to select the appropriate model of exchange cluster for analysis of experimental magnetic data and evaluation of the exchange interaction parameters. For NN-PyCl the "order-disorder" transition was detected by means of low temperature XRD. The difference in the experimental and calculated exchange interaction energies may serve as an indicator of temperature-induced structural rearrangements. For instance, for methyl substituted nitronyl nitroxide NN-PyMe structural transformations and significant changes in exchange interaction energies were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Platon A Chernavin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Gleb A Letyagin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Svyatoslav E Tolstikov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey E Kolesnikov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 47, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Galina V Romanenko
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Kristina A Smirnova
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra V Borodulina
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Victor I Ovcharenko
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Artem S Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3a, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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2
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de Carvalho RL, Wood JM, Almeida RG, Berry NG, da Silva Júnior EN, Bower JF. The Synthesis and Reactivity of Naphthoquinonynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400188. [PMID: 38445547 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The first systematic exploration of the synthesis and reactivity of naphthoquinonynes is described. Routes to two regioisomeric Kobayashi-type naphthoquinonyne precursors have been developed, and the reactivity of the ensuing 6,7- and 5,6-aryne intermediates has been investigated. Remarkably, these studies have revealed that a broad range of cycloadditions, nucleophile additions and difunctionalizations can be achieved while maintaining the integrity of the highly sensitive quinone unit. The methodologies offer a powerful diversity oriented approach to C6 and C7 functionalized naphthoquinones, which are typically challenging to access. From a reactivity viewpoint, the study is significant because it demonstrates that aryne-based functionalizations can be utilized strategically in the presence of highly reactive and directly competing functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato L de Carvalho
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, 31270-901, Belo, Horizonte - MG, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - James M Wood
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
| | - Renata G Almeida
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, 31270-901, Belo, Horizonte - MG, Brazil
| | - Neil G Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, 31270-901, Belo, Horizonte - MG, Brazil
| | - John F Bower
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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3
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Dong J, Feng W, Wang L, Li M, Chen Z, Xu X. Cu/base co-catalyzed [3+3] cycloaddition for the synthesis of highly functionalized 4-fluoropyridines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12635-12638. [PMID: 34761759 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05412k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, straightforward and general method for the de novo synthesis of highly functionalized 4-fluoropyridines was developed via a cooperative copper- and base-catalyzed [3+3] cycloaddition of active methylene isocyanides with difluorocyclopropenes. The resulting 4-fluoropyridines can be readily diversified by various nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Wanzhong Feng
- School of Science, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Mei Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Zhe Chen
- School of Science, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, P. R. China.
| | - Xianxiu Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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4
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Resende DISP, Durães F, Maia M, Sousa E, Pinto MMM. Recent advances in the synthesis of xanthones and azaxanthones. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00659a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A useful chemical toolbox for (aza)xanthones from 2012 to 2020 that covers the optimization of known procedures and novel methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana I. S. P. Resende
- CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental
- Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões
- 4450-208 Matosinhos
- Portugal
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica
| | - Fernando Durães
- CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental
- Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões
- 4450-208 Matosinhos
- Portugal
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica
| | - Miguel Maia
- CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental
- Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões
- 4450-208 Matosinhos
- Portugal
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica
| | - Emília Sousa
- CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental
- Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões
- 4450-208 Matosinhos
- Portugal
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica
| | - Madalena M. M. Pinto
- CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental
- Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões
- 4450-208 Matosinhos
- Portugal
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica
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5
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Kinens A, Balkaitis S, Suna E. Preparative-Scale Synthesis of Vedejs Chiral DMAP Catalysts. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12449-12459. [PMID: 30256638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A scalable synthesis of chiral Vedejs-type DMAP catalysts is reported. The key step of the synthesis is amination of the enantiomerically pure 4-chloropyridine derivative using well-defined ZnCl2(amine)2 complexes. A series of Zn(II)-amine complexes have been synthesized to explore the scope of the ZnCl2-mediated amination of 4-halopyridines. Mechanistic studies support a Zn(II)-facilitated nucleophilic aromatic substitution as a plausible mechanism for the chlorine-to-amine exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artis Kinens
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21 , LV-1006 Riga , Latvia.,Department of Chemistry , University of Latvia , Jelgavas 1 , LV-1004 Riga , Latvia
| | - Simonas Balkaitis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21 , LV-1006 Riga , Latvia.,Department of Chemistry , University of Latvia , Jelgavas 1 , LV-1004 Riga , Latvia
| | - Edgars Suna
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21 , LV-1006 Riga , Latvia.,Department of Chemistry , University of Latvia , Jelgavas 1 , LV-1004 Riga , Latvia
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6
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Balmond EI, Tautges BK, Faulkner AL, Or VW, Hodur BM, Shaw JT, Louie AY. Comparative Evaluation of Substituent Effect on the Photochromic Properties of Spiropyrans and Spirooxazines. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8744-8758. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward I. Balmond
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Brandon K. Tautges
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Andrea L. Faulkner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Victor W. Or
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Blanka M. Hodur
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jared T. Shaw
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Angelique Y. Louie
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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7
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Cheung PK, Horhant D, Bandy LE, Zamiri M, Rabea SM, Karagiosov SK, Matloobi M, McArthur S, Harrigan PR, Chabot B, Grierson DS. A Parallel Synthesis Approach to the Identification of Novel Diheteroarylamide-Based Compounds Blocking HIV Replication: Potential Inhibitors of HIV-1 Pre-mRNA Alternative Splicing. J Med Chem 2016; 59:1869-79. [PMID: 26878150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A 256-compound library was evaluated in an anti-HIV screen to identify structural "mimics" of the fused tetracyclic indole compound 1 (IDC16) that conserve its anti-HIV activity without associated cytotoxicity. Four diheteroarylamide-type compounds, containing a common 5-nitroisobenzothiazole motif, were identified as active. In subsequent screens, the most potent compound 9 (1C8) was active against wild-type HIV-1IIIB (subtype B, X4-tropic) and HIV-1 97USSN54 (subtype A, R5-tropic) with EC50's of 0.6 and 0.9 μM, respectively. Compound 9 also inhibited HIV strains resistant to drugs targeting HIV reverse transcriptase, protease, integrase, and coreceptor CCR5 with EC50's ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 μM. The CC50 value obtained in a cytotoxicity assay for compound 9 was >100 μM, corresponding to a therapeutic index (CC50/EC50) of approximately 100. Further comparison studies revealed that, whereas the anti-HIV activity for compound 9 and the parent molecule 1 are similar, the cytotoxic effect for compound 9 was, as planned, markedly suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Cheung
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - P Richard Harrigan
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Benoit Chabot
- Département de microbiologie et d'infectiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke , 3201, rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8 Canada
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8
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Hedidi M, Erb W, Lassagne F, Halauko YS, Ivashkevich OA, Matulis VE, Roisnel T, Bentabed-Ababsa G, Mongin F. Functionalization of pyridyl ketones using deprotolithiation-in situ zincation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11370b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallation of aryl ketones was achieved by using LiTMP in the presence of ZnCl2·TMEDA, as evidenced by subsequent interception with iodine or by palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madani Hedidi
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226
- Université de Rennes 1-CNRS
- 35042 Rennes
| | - William Erb
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226
- Université de Rennes 1-CNRS
- 35042 Rennes
| | - Frédéric Lassagne
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226
- Université de Rennes 1-CNRS
- 35042 Rennes
| | - Yury S. Halauko
- UNESCO Chair of Belarusian State University
- Minsk 220030
- Belarus
| | | | - Vadim E. Matulis
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University
- Minsk 220030
- Belarus
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Centre de Diffractométrie X
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226
- Université de Rennes 1-CNRS
- 35042 Rennes
| | - Ghenia Bentabed-Ababsa
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée
- Faculté des Sciences
- Université d'Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella
- 31000 Oran
- Algeria
| | - Florence Mongin
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226
- Université de Rennes 1-CNRS
- 35042 Rennes
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9
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D'Errico S, Oliviero G, Borbone N, Nici F, Piccialli V, Pinto B, D'Alonzo D, Mayol L, Piccialli G. Synthesis of C6-Pyridylpurine Nucleosides by Reaction of Nebularine N1-Oxide with Pyridinyl Grignard Reagents. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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10
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Dethe DH, Murhade GM. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Calothrixins and Ellipticines. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Dhau JS, Singh A, Kasetti Y, Bhatia S, Bharatam PV, Brandão P, Félix V, Singh KN. A study on the BF3 directed lithiation of 3-chloro- and 3-bromopyridine. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Synthesis of azafluorenones and related compounds using deprotocupration–aroylation followed by intramolecular direct arylation. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Reactions of Pyridines, Benzopyridines, and Azapyridines with Organomagnesiums and Organolithiums. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2012_96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
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14
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Kobayashi K, Hashimoto H, Nagaoka T, Shirai Y, Konishi H. Synthesis of 1,2-Dihydro-3-benzoxepins by the Reaction of 2-Lithio-β-methoxystyrenes with Epoxides Followed by Hydriodic Acid Catalyzed Cyclization. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-11869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Gros PC, Fort Y. Combinations of Alkyllithiums and Lithium Aminoalkoxides for Generation of Functional Pyridine Organometallics and Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe C. Gros
- Groupe SOR, SRSMC, CNRS, Nancy Université, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre‐Lès‐Nancy, France, Fax: +33‐3‐83684979
| | - Yves Fort
- Groupe SOR, SRSMC, CNRS, Nancy Université, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre‐Lès‐Nancy, France, Fax: +33‐3‐83684979
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16
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Kobayashi K, Kozuki T, Konishi H. One-Pot Synthesis of Three Types of 2,3-Disubstituted Thienopyridines from Halopyridinyl Ketones. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-11810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Beutner GL, Kuethe JT, Kim MM, Yasuda N. Expedient Synthesis of 3-Alkoxymethyl- and 3-Aminomethyl-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines. J Org Chem 2008; 74:789-94. [PMID: 19067568 DOI: 10.1021/jo802363q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L. Beutner
- Department of Process Research, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Jeffrey T. Kuethe
- Department of Process Research, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Mary M. Kim
- Department of Process Research, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Nobuyoshi Yasuda
- Department of Process Research, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
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18
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Schlosser M, Mongin F. Pyridine elaboration through organometallic intermediates: regiochemical control and completeness. Chem Soc Rev 2007; 36:1161-72. [PMID: 17576483 DOI: 10.1039/b706241a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyridines carrying heterosubstituents (such as carboxy, amido, amino, alkoxy or trifluoromethyl groups or solely individual halogen atoms) can be readily and site selectively metalated. Subsequent reaction with a suitable electrophile opens rational access to a wealth of new building blocks for the synthesis of biologically active compounds. This approach relies on organometallic methods, which are both efficacious and extremely flexible as far as the substitution site and the product structure are concerned (86 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Schlosser
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale, BCh, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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19
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Busto E, Gotor-Fernández V, Gotor V. Enantioselective Synthesis of 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridines through a Chemical Oxidation-Enzymatic Reduction Sequence. Application in Asymmetric Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200600274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Doudouh A, Gros PC, Fort Y, Woltermann C. TMSCH2Li–LiDMAE: a new nonnucleophilic reagent for C-2 lithiation of halopyridines. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Synthesis of 3,4-Disubstituted Pyridines Starting from Baylis-Hillman Adducts Using Schweizer Reaction. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2006. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2006.27.3.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Yang X, Luo S, Fang F, Liu P, Lu Y, He M, Zhai H. Synthesis of conformationally restricted nicotine analogues by intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Gros PC, Doudouh A, Woltermann C. First C-3 lithiation of DMAP: a new entry into chemical tuning of acylation catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:2673-4. [PMID: 16786083 DOI: 10.1039/b605170g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A TMSCH2Li-based reagent promoted the first C-3 lithiation of DMAP opening a direct access to functional diversity in acylation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe C Gros
- Synthèse Organométallique et Réactivité, UMR CNRS-UHP 7565 Université Henri Poincaré, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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24
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Ueno H, Yokota K, Hoshi JI, Yasue K, Hayashi M, Hase Y, Uchida I, Aisaka K, Katoh S, Cho H. Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships of Novel Selective Factor Xa Inhibitors with a Tetrahydroisoquinoline Ring. J Med Chem 2005; 48:3586-604. [PMID: 15887966 DOI: 10.1021/jm058160e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 2,7-disubstituted tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives were designed and synthesized. Among these derivatives, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against factor Xa (FXa) and good selectivity with respect to other serine proteases (thrombin, plasmin, and trypsin). In addition, compound 2 exhibited potent anti-FXa activity after intravenous and oral administration to cynomolgus monkeys, showed a dose-dependent antithrombotic effect at 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg kg(-1) h(-1) in a rat model of venous thrombosis, and significantly reduced the size of brain infarction in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model at a dose of 0.1 mg kg(-1) h(-1). These results suggest that compound 2 (JTV-803) is likely to be useful as both a venous and arterial antithrombotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueno
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1-1, Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1125, Japan
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Lennox JR, Turner SC, Rapoport H. Enantiospecific synthesis of annulated nicotine analogues from D-glutamic acid. 7-Azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptano[2.3-c]pyridines. J Org Chem 2001; 66:7078-83. [PMID: 11597233 DOI: 10.1021/jo010534y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The conformationally restricted nicotinoid (1S,4S)-7-methyl-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptano[2,3-c]pyridine dihydrochloride has been prepared enantiospecifically from D-glutamic acid. The method involved a lithium cis-2,6-dimethylpiperidide-mediated intramolecular anionic cyclization of (2S,5R)-N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-5-[3-(4-N-chloropyridinyl]proline methyl ester in tandem with a standard decarboxylation sequence. Reductive amination afforded the desired N-methylated [2.2.1]bicyclonicotinoid. Cyclization of the corresponding iodopyridinylproline methyl ester, obtained via ultrasound-facilitated chloro-iodo exchange, was also effected.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Lennox
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Turner SC, Zhai H, Rapoport H. Enantiospecific Synthesis of Annulated Nicotine Analogues from d- and l-Glutamic Acid. Pyridotropanes. J Org Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jo991609p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean C. Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Hongbin Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Henry Rapoport
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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D'andrea SV, Freeman JP, Szmuszkovicz J. 2-(1-AZETIDINYL)- AND 2-(1-PYRROLIDINYL)PYRIDINEviaSNAr REACTIONS OF 2-FLUOROPYRIDINE AND 2-PYRIDINYL TRIFLATE. ORG PREP PROCED INT 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/00304949909355353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Sammakia T, Hurley TB. Studies on the Mechanism of Action of 2-Formyl-4-pyrrolidinopyridine: Isolation and Characterization of a Reactive Intermediate. J Org Chem 1999; 64:4652-4664. [PMID: 11674535 DOI: 10.1021/jo982281n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the mechanism of action of 2-formyl-4-pyrrolidinopyridine (FPP, 1a) which is a catalyst for the hydroxyl-directed methanolysis of alpha-hydroxy esters. This species was initially designed to act as a nucleophilic catalyst; however, we have ruled out a nucleophilic mechanism by examining the activity of 6-substituted-FPP derivatives. These compounds are more hindered in the vicinity of the pyridine nitrogen than FPP itself but are also more active catalysts. Furthermore, the presence of p-nitrophenol, a mild acid, was found to accelerate the catalytic reaction. These results are inconsistent with a nucleophilic catalysis mechanism. We provide evidence that the reaction instead proceeds via dioxolanone intermediate 10. Dioxolanone 10 can be obtained by treating either the p-nitrophenyl ester or the pentafluorophenyl ester of glycolic acid with FPP in chloroform in the absence of methanol. It has been isolated, characterized, and shown to be kinetically competent when subjected to the conditions of the catalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Sammakia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215
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30
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Yurovskaya MA, Mit'kin OD. Functionalization of pyridines. 3. Reactions forming a carbon-heteroatom bond with group IV, V, and VI elements. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02319329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Shen W, Fakhoury S, Donner G, Henry K, Lee J, Zhang H, Cohen J, Warner R, Saeed B, Cherian S, Tahir S, Kovar P, Bauch J, Ng SC, Marsh K, Sham H, Rosenberg S. Potent inhibitors of protein farnesyltransferase: heteroarenes as cysteine replacements. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:703-8. [PMID: 10201832 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and biological evaluation of heteroarenes as reduced cysteine replacements are described. Of the heteroaryl groups examined with respect to FT inhibitor FTI-276 (1), pyridyl was the replacement found to be most effective. Substitutions at C4 of the pyridyl moiety did not affect the in vitro activity. Compound 9a was found to have moderate in vivo bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Shen
- Cancer Research, Pharmaceutical Products Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
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Hong CY, Overman LE, Romero A. Pyridinomorphinans: Asymmetric synthesis of either enantiomer and opioid receptor binding selectivity. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)10274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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α-Pyrones. Part V. Structure effects on the intramolecular cyclization of functionalized 6-pyronylacetamides: Synthesis of new 2,5,7-trioxo-pyrano [3,2-c]pyridines. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00050-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Boogaard AT, Pandit UK, Koomen GJ. Ring D modifications of ellipticine. Part 2. Chlorination of ellipticine via its N-oxide and synthesis and selective acetylation of 5,6,11-trimethyl-5H-benzo[b]carbazole. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Rocca P, Marsais F, Godard A, Queguiner G. Connection between metalation and cross-coupling strategies. A new convergent route to azacarbazoles. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)80505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Lever OW, Werblood HM, Russell RK. Oxazolo[4, 5-b]pyridines. Regioselective metalation of the 2-diethylaminooxazolo[4, 5-b]pyridine system and formation of 7-substituted derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)60547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Rewcastle GW, Katritzky AR. Generation and Reactions of sp2-Carbanionic Centers in the Vicinity of Heterocyclic Nitrogen Atoms. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY VOLUME 56 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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38
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Matsumoto K, Uchida T, Toda M, Aoyama K, Kakehi A, Shigihara A, Lown J. Reaction of dicyanomethylides with 3-(3′,3′-dimethyltriazene-1-yl)- pyridine-4-carboxylic acid. Unexpected preferential formation of pyrido[4,3-a]indolizines. Tetrahedron Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(93)88005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Sausins AE, Duburs G. Synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines in cyclocondensation reactions (review). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00766993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Alo BI, Familoni OB, Marsais F, Queguiner G. Directed metalation of pyridinesulphonamides. Synthesis of pyridine-fused isothiazoles and 1,2-oxathioles. J Heterocycl Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570290109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Queguiner G, Marsais F, Snieckus V, Epsztajn J. Directed Metalation of Pi-Deficient Azaaromatics: Strategies of Functionalization of Pyridines, Quinolines, and Diazines. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY VOLUME 52 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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42
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Migration du lithium en série pyridinique: double catalyse et reformage. Accès aux dérivés de la bromo-2 lithio-3 pyridine et des bromo-4 halogéno-2 lithio-3 pyridines. J Organomet Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(90)80210-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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43
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Trécourt F, Marsais F, Güngör T, Quéguiner G. Improved synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted pyridines by metallation of 2-chloropyridine: a convenient route to fused polyheterocycles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1039/p19900002409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Reinecke MG, Sherwood Brown E, Capehart BP, Minter DE, Freeman RK. 3,4-Didehydropyridine plus cyclopentadiene: [2+2] or [4+2]-cycloaddition ? Tetrahedron 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)81429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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