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Tamuli KJ, Bordoloi M. KI‐I
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‐DMSO: An Improved Microwave‐Assisted Selective Oxidation of Alkenes into 1,2‐Diketones. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kashyap J. Tamuli
- Natural Products Chemistry GroupCSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR India
| | - Manobjyoti Bordoloi
- Natural Products Chemistry GroupCSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR India
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Kim K, Yoshizato M, Sasaki SI, Tamiaki H. Synthesis of chlorophyll derivatives possessing an S-substituted thiomethyl group at the 3-position and their optical properties. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wang JJ, Liu C, Wu J, Liu RR, Zhang P. Synthesis of Chlorins Fused with Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle by the Modification along TheirN21-N23axis. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yantai University; Yantai Shandong 264005 China
| | - Chao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yantai University; Yantai Shandong 264005 China
| | - Jin Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yantai University; Yantai Shandong 264005 China
| | - Ran-Ran Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yantai University; Yantai Shandong 264005 China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yantai University; Yantai Shandong 264005 China
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Chen S, Liu Z, Shi E, Chen L, Wei W, Li H, Cheng Y, Wan X. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkenes at Room Temperature: A Practical and Concise Approach to α-Diketones. Org Lett 2011; 13:2274-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200716d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Erbo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yannan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Kee HL, Kirmaier C, Tang Q, Diers JR, Muthiah C, Taniguchi M, Laha JK, Ptaszek M, Lindsey JS, Bocian DF, Holten D. Effects of substituents on synthetic analogs of chlorophylls. Part 2: Redox properties, optical spectra and electronic structure. Photochem Photobiol 2008; 83:1125-43. [PMID: 17880507 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The optical absorption spectra and redox properties are presented for 24 synthetic zinc chlorins and 18 free base analogs bearing a variety of 3,13 (beta) and 5,10,15 (meso) substituents. Results are also given for a zinc and free base oxophorbine, which contain the keto-bearing isocyclic ring present in the natural photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a. Density functional theory calculations were carried out to probe the effects of the types and positions of substituents on the characteristics (energies, electron distributions) of the frontier molecular orbitals. A general finding is that the 3,13 positions are more sensitive to the effects of auxochromes than the 5,10,15 positions. The auxochromes investigated (acetyl>ethynyl>vinyl>aryl) cause a significant redshift and intensification of the Qy band upon placement at the 3,13 positions, whereas groups at the 5,10,15 positions result in much smaller redshifts that are accompanied by a decrease in relative Qy intensity. In addition, the substituent-induced shifts in first oxidation and reduction potentials faithfully track the energies of the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO), respectively. The calculations show that the LUMO is shifted more by substituents than the HOMO, which derives from the differences in the electron densities of the two orbitals at the substituent sites. The trends in the substituent-induced effects on the wavelengths and relative intensities of the major features (By, Bx, Qx, Qy) in the near-UV to near-IR absorption bands are well accounted for using Gouterman's four-orbital model, which incorporates the effects of the substituents on the HOMO-1 and LUMO+1 in addition to the HOMO and LUMO. Collectively, the results and analysis presented herein and in the companion paper provide insights into the effects of substituents on the optical absorption, redox and other photophysical properties of the chlorins. These insights form a framework that underpins the rational design of chlorins for applications encompassing photomedicine and solar-energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooi Ling Kee
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Kee HL, Kirmaier C, Tang Q, Diers JR, Muthiah C, Taniguchi M, Laha JK, Ptaszek M, Lindsey JS, Bocian DF, Holten D. Effects of Substituents on Synthetic Analogs of Chlorophylls. Part 1: Synthesis, Vibrational Properties and Excited-state Decay Characteristics. Photochem Photobiol 2007; 83:1110-24. [PMID: 17880506 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00150.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of substituents on the spectra of chlorins is essential for a wide variety of applications. Recent developments in synthetic methodology have made possible systematic studies of the properties of the chlorin macrocycle as a function of diverse types and patterns of substituents. In this paper, the spectral, vibrational and excited-state decay characteristics are examined for a set of synthetic chlorins. The chlorins bear substituents at the 5,10,15 (meso) positions or the 3,13 (beta) positions (plus 10-mesityl in a series of compounds) and include 24 zinc chlorins, 18 free base (Fb) analogs and one Fb or zinc oxophorbine. The oxophorbine contains the keto-bearing isocyclic ring present in the natural photosynthetic pigments (e.g. chlorophyll a). The substituents cause no significant perturbation to the structure of the chlorin macrocycle, as evidenced by the vibrational properties investigated using resonance Raman spectroscopy. In contrast, the fluorescence properties are significantly altered due to the electronic effects of substituents. For example, the fluorescence wavelength maximum, quantum yield and lifetime for a zinc chlorin bearing 3,13-diacetyl and 10-mesityl groups (662 nm, 0.28, 6.0 ns) differ substantially from those of the parent unsubstituted chlorin (602 nm, 0.062, 1.7 ns). Each of these properties of the lowest singlet excited state can be progressively stepped between these two extremes by incorporating different substituents. These perturbations are associated with significant changes in the rate constants of the decay pathways of the lowest excited singlet state. In this regard, the zinc chlorins with the red-most fluorescence also have the greatest radiative decay rate constant and are expected to have the fastest nonradiative internal conversion to the ground state. Nonetheless, these complexes have the longest singlet excited-state lifetime. The Fb chlorins bearing the same substituents exhibit similar fluorescence properties. Such combinations of factors render the chlorins suitable for a range of applications that require tunable coverage of the solar spectrum, long-lived excited states and red-region fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooi Ling Kee
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Su W, Zhong W, Bian G, Shi X, Zhang J. RECENT ADVANCES IN THE CHEMISTRY OF TRICHLOROMETHYL CHLOROFORMATE ANDbis-(TRICHLOROMETHYL) CARBONATE. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/00304940409355972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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