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Mermer A. Microwave and ultrasound promoted greener synthesis of thiazolyl-pyrazoline derivatives and investigation of their biological activities. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.563286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Utecht G, Fruziński A, Jasiński M. Polysubstituted 3-trifluoromethylpyrazoles: regioselective (3 + 2)-cycloaddition of trifluoroacetonitrile imines with enol ethers and functional group transformations. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:1252-1257. [PMID: 29392253 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob03126b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-catalysed addition of trifluoroacetonitrile imines to enol ethers provided fully regioselectively (3 + 2)-cycloadducts, which either spontaneously or via Brønsted acid-induced elimination of ROH molecules led to the formation of 3-trifluoromethylated pyrazoles. In the case of 2,3-dihydrofuran, the respective bicyclic intermediate was isolated and its structure was confirmed by X-ray analysis. Using the developed protocol the synthesis of a known antitumor compound SC-560 was performed in 45% yield. Subsequent functionalisations of selected 4-(ω-hydroxyalkyl)pyrazoles at C(5) through lithiation/addition, cross-coupling reactions or via intramolecular Pd-catalysed C-H arylations opened up an access to polysubstituted pyrazoles including unusual tricyclic systems comprising 7-membered rings (oxepane, thiepane and azepane) as the central unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Utecht
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland.
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Da Silva CC, Martins RM, Lund RG, Pizzuti L, Pereira CMD. Recent Highlights on the Synthesis of Pyrazoles with Antimicrobial Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573407214666180730104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms such as pyrazoles have a
long history and applicability in the field of medicinal chemistry. Many compounds containing pyrazole
moiety have been reported in the available literature for their prominent biological activities, including
antimicrobial activity against different microorganisms. Over the years, there has been a concern with
the many health problems associated with the dramatic increase of microbial infections and resistance to
standard drugs, so there is a need for the development of more effective antimicrobial agents. Pyrazoles
and their derivatives are promising candidates to bypass these problems with good safety profiles, and
there is a wide range of synthetic methodologies for their obtainment. This review aims to compact a
literature survey (2012-2017) very informative and helpful for researchers who wish to study or continue
the development of new, potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial compounds.
Methods:
This review encompasses reports on the synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of synthetic
pyrazoles from the year 2012 to 2017, which were extracted from bibliographic databases such as
PubMed, scielo, sciencedirect, scifinder, and scopus. The main keywords in our search were “pyrazole”
and “antimicrobial activity”, in which we made efforts to include synthetic and biological methodologies
that can be useful for laboratories of different levels of infrastructure. Moreover, inclusion/
exclusion criteria was applied to select quality reports which could demonstrate different tools of
antimicrobial evaluation, focusing on the advances made in the area, such as evaluation in silico and
exploration of the possible mechanism of action for active compounds.
Results:
Thirty-four papers were included in this work, which was displayed chronologically from the
year 2012 to 2017 in order to enhance the advances made in the area, with at least five reports from each
year. We found that the most commonly tested bacterial strains are Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia
coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and from the year 2016 onwards Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
The most common tested fungal strains are Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, and
Aspergillus niger. The majority of articles expressed the antimicrobial results as a zone of inhibition,
leading to the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and a probable mechanism
of action for the most prominent compounds, considering cytotoxicity. Aromatic aldehydes and
ketones are key reactants to obtain important precursors for the synthesis of pyrazoles, such as chalcones,
together with alkyl or phenylhydrazines and thiosemicarbazide. A great variation in the reported
MICs was found as there is no standard maximum limit, but many compounds exhibited antimicrobial
activity comparable or better than standard drugs, from which 10 reports active compounds with MIC
lower than 5 μg mL-1.
Conclusion:
The findings of this work support the importance of pyrazole moiety in the structure of
antimicrobial compounds and the versatility of synthetic methodologies to obtain the target products.
Results clearly indicate that they are attractive target compounds for new antimicrobial drugs development.
We hope that this information will guide further studies on continuing the search for more effective,
highly active antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C. Da Silva
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosiane M. Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael G. Lund
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Pizzuti
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Claudio M.P. de Pereira
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Rulev AY, Romanov AR. Unsaturated polyfluoroalkyl ketones in the synthesis of nitrogen-bearing heterocycles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23759a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the recent achievements and new developments in the synthesis of polyfluorinated aza-heterocycles based on fluorine-bearing enones and ynones published in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Yu. Rulev
- A. E. Favorsky Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russia
| | - A. R. Romanov
- A. E. Favorsky Institute of Chemistry
- Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Irkutsk 664033
- Russia
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Weidauer M, Irran E, Enthaler S. Exploring the reactivity of dimethylzinc with fluorine substituted 1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-ols. J Fluor Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Martins MAP, Marzari MRB, Frizzo CP, Zanatta M, Buriol L, Andrade VP, Zanatta N, Bonacorso HG. Comparative Study of the Regioselectivity and Reaction Media for the Synthesis of 1-tert-Butyl-3(5)-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazoles. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Bonacorso HG, Correa MS, Porte LM, Pittaluga EP, Zanatta N, Martins MA. New one-pot, efficient, and regioselective method for the synthesis of 3-Trifluoromethyl-1H-1-phenylpyrazoles and alkyl 3-carboxylate analogs. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.07.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Borkin DA, Puscau M, Carlson A, Solan A, Wheeler KA, Török B, Dembinski R. Synthesis of diversely 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles via 5-exo-dig cyclization. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4505-8. [PMID: 22575899 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25580d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
5-Exo-dig cyclocondensation of alk-3-yn-1-ones with hydrazines, in the presence of montmorillonite K-10, provides an effective method with a high atom economy for the synthesis of diversely 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles. The microwave-accelerated reaction proceeds in the absence of solvent and leads to 5-benzyl substituted pyrazoles with good yields (72-91%). The regiochemistry of the process was confirmed by the X-ray crystallographic structure determination of 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-5-(4-methylbenzyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Borkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA 02125, USA
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de Vasconcelos A, Oliveira PS, Ritter M, Freitag RA, Romano RL, Quina FH, Pizzuti L, Pereira CMP, Stefanello FM, Barschak AG. Antioxidant capacity and environmentally friendly synthesis of dihydropyrimidin-(2H)-ones promoted by naturally occurring organic acids. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2012; 26:155-61. [PMID: 22447704 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.20424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The Biginelli reaction is a multicomponent reaction involving the condensation between an aldehyde, a β-ketoester, and urea or thiourea, in the presence of an acid catalyst, producing dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs). Owing to their important pharmacological properties, the DHPMs have been studied by many authors. However, most of the methodologies used for the synthesis of these compounds require drastic reaction conditions. In the current study, we report an efficient and clean procedure for preparing DHPMs by the use of citric acid or tartaric acid as a promoter of the Biginelli synthesis in ethanol as solvent. In addition, we have evaluated the antioxidant capacity of the compounds synthesized by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay and the thiobarbituric acid-reactive species test. Two compounds presented antioxidant activity and also reduced lipid peroxidation at concentrations of 200 and 300 µM. In summary, we report an environmentally friendly procedure for the preparation of DHPMs and demonstrate the antioxidant capacity of some of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana de Vasconcelos
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e Alimentos, Campus Universitário s/n, 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
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Synergic Effects of Ionic Liquid and Microwave Irradiation in Promoting Trifluoromethylpyrazole Synthesis. Catal Letters 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-011-0571-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Venzke D, Flores AFC, Quina FH, Pizzuti L, Pereira CMP. Ultrasound promoted greener synthesis of 2-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-4-phenylthiazoles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2011; 18:370-374. [PMID: 20728398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and cleaner procedure for the synthesis of a series of 2-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-4-phenylthiazoles under ultrasonic irradiation in ethanol is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Venzke
- Departamento de Química e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Longhi K, Moreira DN, Marzari MR, Floss VM, Bonacorso HG, Zanatta N, Martins MA. An efficient solvent-free synthesis of NH-pyrazoles from β-dimethylaminovinylketones and hydrazine on grinding. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Glasnov TN, Groschner K, Kappe CO. High-speed microwave-assisted synthesis of the trifluoromethylpyrazol-derived canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channel inhibitor Pyr3. ChemMedChem 2010; 4:1816-8. [PMID: 19728347 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toma N Glasnov
- Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Austria
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Martins MAP, Beck PH, Moreira DN, Buriol L, Frizzo CP, Zanatta N, Bonacorso HG. Straightforward microwave-assisted synthesis of 1-carboxymethyl-5-trifluoromethyl-5-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazoles under solvent-free conditions. J Heterocycl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Pizzuti L, Martins PLG, Ribeiro BA, Quina FH, Pinto E, Flores AFC, Venzke D, Pereira CMP. Efficient sonochemical synthesis of novel 3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboximidamides. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2010; 17:34-37. [PMID: 19632139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasound-assisted preparation of a series of novel 3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboximidamides that proceeds via the efficient reaction of chalcones with aminoguanidine hydrochloride under clean conditions is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Pizzuti
- Centro de Capacitação e Pesquisa em Meio Ambiente (CEPEMA-USP), Universidade de São Paulo, 11573-000 Cubatão, SP, Brazil
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Martins MAP, Peres RL, Frizzo CP, Scapin E, Moreira DN, Fiss GF, Zanatta N, Bonacorso HG. Solvent-free route to β-enamino dichloromethyl ketones and application in the synthesis of novel 5-dichloromethyl-1H-pyrazoles. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Pizzuti L, Piovesan LA, Flores AFC, Quina FH, Pereira CMP. Environmentally friendly sonocatalysis promoted preparation of 1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2009; 16:728-31. [PMID: 19324584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and green synthesis of thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles via the condensation of chalcones with thiosemicarbazide in ethanol and KOH under ultrasound irradiation is reported. The products were isolated in good yields after short reaction times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Pizzuti
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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