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Mittal RP, Jaitak V. Plant-Derived Natural Alkaloids as New Antimicrobial and Adjuvant Agents in Existing Antimicrobial Therapy. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:1409-1433. [PMID: 31215387 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190618124224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases, instigated by pathogenic microorganisms are the cause of numerous health problems in developing countries. Infectious diseases got a place in the list of top ten death causes worldwide. The reason behind that level of severity is antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance makes the antimicrobial agents useless when used in the treatment of infectious diseases. Microbes have very smartly achieved resistance against synthetic and semi-synthetic antimicrobial agents for their survival. Therefore, the handling of these diseases has become challenging. The resistance developing power is the reason for their existence since a million years. Due to their highly dangerous nature, proper treatment of infectious diseases has become a topic of concern. This leads the scientists or researchers to focus their research towards natural agents. Plants synthesize secondary metabolites to cope up with biotic and abiotic changes in the environment. Alkaloids are one of the secondary metabolites, synthesized by plants. Alkaloids protect the plant from predators and help them to fight with pathogens. The protecting nature of alkaloids can be used as a strong weapon in battle with resistant microorganisms. The purpose of this review is to provide information about the antimicrobial activity of alkaloids obtained from different plants and their combination with synthetic antimicrobials. Their mechanism of action against microorganisms is also given in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinder Pal Mittal
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
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Han L, Zhou X, Yang M, Zhou L, Deng X, Wei S, Wang W, Wang Z, Qiao X, Bai C. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects of Plants in Genus Cynanchum Linn. (Asclepiadaceae). Molecules 2018; 23:E1194. [PMID: 29772722 PMCID: PMC6099929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genus Cynanchum L. belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, which comprise more than 200 species distributed worldwide. In Chinese medical practice, numerous drugs (such as tablets and powders) containing different parts of plants of this genus are used to treat snake bites, bruises, osteoblasts, rheumatoid arthritis and tumors. A search for original articles published on the cynanchum genus was performed by using several resources, including Flora of China Official Website and various scientific databases, such as PubMed, SciFinder, the Web of Science, Science Direct, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI). Advances in the botanical, ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological studies of this genus are reviewed in this paper. Results showed that more than 440 compounds, including C21 steroids, steroidal saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and terpene, have been isolated and identified from Cynanchum plants up to now. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that plants possess an array of biological activities, including anti-tumor, neuroprotective and anti-fungal effects. Popular traditional prescription of Cynanchum sp. was also summed up in this paper. However, many Cynanchum species have received little or no attention. Moreover, few reports on the clinical use and toxic effects of Cynanchum sp. are available. Further attention should be focused on the study of these species to gather information on their respective toxicology data and relevant quality-control measures and clinical value of the crude extracts, active compounds, and bioactive metabolites from this genus. Further research on Cynanchum sp. should be conducted, and bioactivity-guided isolation strategies should be emphasized. In addition, systematic studies of the chemical composition of plants should be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xinxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Shijie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Wenping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Zhizhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xue Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Changcai Bai
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Al-Khdhairawi AAQ, Krishnan P, Mai CW, Chung FFL, Leong CO, Yong KT, Chong KW, Low YY, Kam TS, Lim KH. A Bis-benzopyrroloisoquinoline Alkaloid Incorporating a Cyclobutane Core and a Chlorophenanthroindolizidine Alkaloid with Cytotoxic Activity from Ficus fistulosa var. tengerensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2734-2740. [PMID: 28926237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tengerensine (1), isolated as a racemate and constituted from a pair of bis-benzopyrroloisoquinoline enantiomers, and tengechlorenine (2), purified as a scalemic mixture and constituted from a pair of chlorinated phenanthroindolizidine enantiomers, were isolated from the leaves of Ficus fistulosa var. tengerensis, along with three other known alkaloids. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic data interpretation and X-ray diffraction analysis. The enantiomers of 1 were separated by chiral-phase HPLC, and the absolute configurations of (+)-1 and (-)-1 were established via experimental and calculated ECD data. Compound 1 is notable in being a rare unsymmetrical cyclobutane adduct and is the first example of a dimeric benzopyrroloisoquinoline alkaloid, while compound 2 represents the first naturally occurring halogenated phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid. Compound (+)-1 displayed a selective in vitro cytotoxic effect against MDA-MB-468 cells (IC50 7.4 μM), while compound 2 showed pronounced in vitro cytotoxic activity against all three breast cancer cell lines tested (MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7; IC50 values of 0.038-0.91 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Premanand Krishnan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chun-Wai Mai
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University , Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Felicia Fei-Lei Chung
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University , Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University , Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University , Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien-Thai Yong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kam-Weng Chong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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BUDZIKIEWICZ H, FABER L, HERRMANN EG, PERROLLAZ FF, SCHLUNEGGER UP, WIEGREBE W. ChemInform Abstract: VINCETENE, A BENZOPYRROLOISOQUINOLINE ALKALOID, FROM CYNANCHUM VINCETOXICUM (L.) PERS. (ASCLEPIADACEAE). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/chin.197951329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Dembitsky VM, Gloriozova TA, Poroikov VV. Naturally occurring plant isoquinoline N-oxide alkaloids: their pharmacological and SAR activities. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:183-202. [PMID: 25636889 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present review describes research on novel natural isoquinoline alkaloids and their N-oxides isolated from different plant species. More than 200 biological active compounds have shown confirmed antimicrobial, antibacterial, antitumor, and other activities. The structures, origins, and reported biological activities of a selection of isoquinoline N-oxides alkaloids are reviewed. With the computer program PASS some additional SAR (structure-activity relationship) activities are also predicted, which point toward new possible applications of these compounds. This review emphasizes the role of isoquinoline N-oxides alkaloids as an important source of leads for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatyana A Gloriozova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of the Medical Sciences, Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Poroikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of the Medical Sciences, Moscow 119121, Russia
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Szemes F, Marchalín S, Bar N, Decroix B. Synthesis of indolizidinediones annelated to a furan ring. J Heterocycl Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570350625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Amino Acids as Synthons for Heterocyclic Compounds**Dedicated to Professor Dr. Richard Neidlein on the occasion of his 65th birthday. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Mayer KK, Stöber G, Wiegrebe W. Elektronenstoßinduzierter Verlust der Substituenten an C-5 und C-8 bei 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisochinolinen, 4. Mitt. Untersuchungen zum Mechanismus. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1984. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19843170204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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