1
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Schmidt AB, Brahms A, Ellermann F, Knecht S, Berner S, Hennig J, von Elverfeldt D, Herges R, Hövener JB, Pravdivtsev AN. Selective excitation of hydrogen doubles the yield and improves the robustness of parahydrogen-induced polarization of low-γ nuclei. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:26645-26652. [PMID: 34846056 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04153c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new method for pulsed spin order transfer of parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) that enables high polarization in incompletely 2H-labeled molecules by exciting only the desired protons in a frequency-selective manner. This way, the effect of selected J-couplings is suspended. Experimentally 1.25% 13C polarization were obtained for 1-13C-ethyl pyruvate and 50% pH2 at 9.4 Tesla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuen-heimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arne Brahms
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 5, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frowin Ellermann
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Berner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Hennig
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz 5, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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2
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Stewart NJ, Matsumoto S. Biomedical Applications of the Dynamic Nuclear Polarization and Parahydrogen Induced Polarization Techniques for Hyperpolarized 13C MR Imaging. Magn Reson Med Sci 2021; 20:1-17. [PMID: 31902907 PMCID: PMC7952198 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.rev.2019-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first pioneering report of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the Warburg effect in prostate cancer patients, clinical dissemination of the technique has been rapid; close to 10 sites worldwide now possess a polarizer fit for the clinic, and more than 30 clinical trials, predominantly for oncological applications, are already registered on the US and European clinical trials databases. Hyperpolarized 13C probes to study pathophysiological processes beyond the Warburg effect, including tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism, intra-cellular pH and cellular necrosis have also been demonstrated in the preclinical arena and are pending clinical translation, and the simultaneous injection of multiple co-polarized agents is opening the door to high-sensitivity, multi-functional molecular MRI with a single dose. Here, we review the biomedical applications to date of the two polarization methods that have been used for in vivo hyperpolarized 13C molecular MRI; namely, dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization and parahydrogen-induced polarization. The basic concept of hyperpolarization and the fundamental theory underpinning these two key 13C hyperpolarization methods, along with recent technological advances that have facilitated biomedical realization, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J. Stewart
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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3
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Reineri F, Cavallari E, Carrera C, Aime S. Hydrogenative-PHIP polarized metabolites for biological studies. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 34:25-47. [PMID: 33527252 PMCID: PMC7910253 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-020-00904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ParaHydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) is an efficient and cost-effective hyperpolarization method, but its application to biological investigations has been hampered, so far, due to chemical challenges. PHIP is obtained by means of the addition of hydrogen, enriched in the para-spin isomer, to an unsaturated substrate. Both hydrogen atoms must be transferred to the same substrate, in a pairwise manner, by a suitable hydrogenation catalyst; therefore, a de-hydrogenated precursor of the target molecule is necessary. This has strongly limited the number of parahydrogen polarized substrates. The non-hydrogenative approach brilliantly circumvents this central issue, but has not been translated to in-vivo yet. Recent advancements in hydrogenative PHIP (h-PHIP) considerably widened the possibility to hyperpolarize metabolites and, in this review, we will focus on substrates that have been obtained by means of this method and used in vivo. Attention will also be paid to the requirements that must be met and on the issues that have still to be tackled to obtain further improvements and to push PHIP substrates in biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Turin, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Cavallari
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Turin, Italy
| | - Carla Carrera
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Via Nizza 52, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, Turin, Italy
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4
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Berner S, Schmidt AB, Ellermann F, Korchak S, Chekmenev EY, Glöggler S, von Elverfeldt D, Hennig J, Hövener JB. High field parahydrogen induced polarization of succinate and phospholactate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2320-2330. [PMID: 33449978 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06281b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The signal enhancement provided by the hyperpolarization of nuclear spins of metabolites is a promising technique for diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To date, most 13C-contrast agents are hyperpolarized utilizing a complex or cost-intensive polarizer. Recently, the in situ parahydrogen-induced 13C hyperpolarization was demonstrated. Hydrogenation, spin order transfer (SOT) by a pulsed NMR sequence, in vivo administration, and detection was achieved within the magnet bore of a 7 Tesla MRI system. So far, the hyperpolarization of the xenobiotic molecule 1-13C-hydroxyethylpropionate (HEP) and the biomolecule 1-13C-succinate (SUC) through the PH-INEPT+ sequence and a SOT scheme proposed by Goldman et al., respectively, was shown. Here, we investigate further the hyperpolarization of SUC at 7 Tesla and study the performance of two additional SOT sequences. Moreover, we present first results of the hyperpolarization at high magnetic field of 1-13C-phospholactate (PLAC), a derivate to obtain the metabolite lactate, employing the PH-INEPT+ sequence. For SUC and PLAC, 13C polarizations of about 1-2% were achieved within seconds and with minimal equipment. Effects that potentially may explain loss of 13C polarization have been identified, i.e. low hydrogenation yield, fast T1/T2 relaxation and the rarely considered 13C isotope labeling effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Berner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Germany.
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5
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Svyatova A, Kononenko ES, Kovtunov KV, Lebedev D, Gerasimov EY, Bukhtiyarov AV, Prosvirin IP, Bukhtiyarov VI, Müller CR, Fedorov A, Koptyug IV. Spatially resolved NMR spectroscopy of heterogeneous gas phase hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene with parahydrogen. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glass tube reactors with Pd, Pt, Rh or Ir nanoparticles dispersed on a thin layer of TiO2, CeO2, SiO2 or Al2O3 provided mechanistic insight into the hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene using parahydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Svyatova
- International Tomography Center
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Elizaveta S. Kononenko
- International Tomography Center
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Dmitry Lebedev
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Evgeniy Yu. Gerasimov
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Andrey V. Bukhtiyarov
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Igor P. Prosvirin
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | | | | | - Alexey Fedorov
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering
- ETH Zürich
- Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
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6
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Skinner JG, Menichetti L, Flori A, Dost A, Schmidt AB, Plaumann M, Gallagher FA, Hövener JB. Metabolic and Molecular Imaging with Hyperpolarised Tracers. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 20:902-918. [PMID: 30120644 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since reaching the clinic, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an irreplaceable radiological tool because of the macroscopic information it provides across almost all organs and soft tissues within the human body, all without the need for ionising radiation. The sensitivity of MR, however, is too low to take full advantage of the rich chemical information contained in the MR signal. Hyperpolarisation techniques have recently emerged as methods to overcome the sensitivity limitations by enhancing the MR signal by many orders of magnitude compared to the thermal equilibrium, enabling a new class of metabolic and molecular X-nuclei based MR tracers capable of reporting on metabolic processes at the cellular level. These hyperpolarised (HP) tracers have the potential to elucidate the complex metabolic processes of many organs and pathologies, with studies so far focusing on the fields of oncology and cardiology. This review presents an overview of hyperpolarisation techniques that appear most promising for clinical use today, such as dissolution dynamic nuclear polarisation (d-DNP), parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarisation (PHIP), Brute force hyperpolarisation and spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP), before discussing methods for tracer detection, emerging metabolic tracers and applications and progress in preclinical and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Graham Skinner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Dost
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Benjamin Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Section Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institute of Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
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7
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Salnikov OG, Shchepin RV, Chukanov NV, Jaigirdar L, Pham W, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. Effects of Deuteration of 13C-Enriched Phospholactate on Efficiency of Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization by Magnetic Field Cycling. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:24740-24749. [PMID: 31447960 PMCID: PMC6707357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b07365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a large-scale (>10 g) synthesis of isotopically enriched 1-13C-phosphoenolpyruvate and 1-13C-phosphoenolpyruvate-d2 for application in hyperpolarized imaging technology. The 1-13C-phosphoenolpyruvate-d2 was synthesized with 57% overall yield (over two steps), and >98% 2H isotopic purity, representing an improvement over the previous report. The same outcome was achieved for 1-13C-phosphoenolpyruvate. These two unsaturated compounds with C=C bonds were employed for parahydrogen-induced polarization via pairwise parahydrogen addition in aqueous medium. We find that deuteration of 1-13C-phosphoenolpyruvate resulted in overall increase of 1H T1 of nascent hyperpolarized protons (4.30 ± 0.04 s versus 2.06 ± 0.01 s) and 1H polarization (~2.5% versus ~0.7%) of the resulting hyperpolarized 1-13C-phospholactate. The nuclear spin polarization of nascent parahydrogen-derived protons was transferred to 1-13C nucleus via magnetic field cycling procedure. The proton T1 increase in hyperpolarized deuterated 1-13C-phospholactate yielded approximately 30% better 13C polarization compared to non-deuterated hyperpolarized 1-13C-phospholactate. Analysis of T1 relaxation revealed that deuteration of 1-13C-phospholactate may have resulted in approximately 3-fold worse H→13C polarization transfer efficiency via magnetic field cycling. Since magnetic field cycling is a key polarization transfer step in the Side-Arm Hydrogenation approach, the presented findings may guide more rationale design of contrast agents using parahydrogen polarization of a broad range of 13C hyperpolarized contrast agents for molecular imaging employing 13C MRI. The hyperpolarized 1-13C-phospholactate-d2 is of biomedical imaging relevance because it undergoes in vivo dephosphorylation and becomes 13C hyperpolarized lactate, which as we show can be detected in the brain using 13C hyperpolarized MRI; an implication for future imaging of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg G. Salnikov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS)
- Department of Radiology
| | - Nikita V. Chukanov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Lamya Jaigirdar
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS)
- School of Engineering
| | - Wellington Pham
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS)
- Department of Radiology
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United
States
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS)
- Department of Radiology
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United
States
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Corresponding Author:
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8
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Hövener JB, Pravdivtsev AN, Kidd B, Bowers CR, Glöggler S, Kovtunov KV, Plaumann M, Katz-Brull R, Buckenmaier K, Jerschow A, Reineri F, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Wagner S, Bhattacharya P, Zacharias NM, Chekmenev EY. Parahydrogen-Based Hyperpolarization for Biomedicine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11140-11162. [PMID: 29484795 PMCID: PMC6105405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the most versatile and useful physical effects used for human imaging, chemical analysis, and the elucidation of molecular structures. However, its full potential is rarely used, because only a small fraction of the nuclear spin ensemble is polarized, that is, aligned with the applied static magnetic field. Hyperpolarization methods seek other means to increase the polarization and thus the MR signal. A unique source of pure spin order is the entangled singlet spin state of dihydrogen, parahydrogen (pH2 ), which is inherently stable and long-lived. When brought into contact with another molecule, this "spin order on demand" allows the MR signal to be enhanced by several orders of magnitude. Considerable progress has been made in the past decade in the area of pH2 -based hyperpolarization techniques for biomedical applications. It is the goal of this Review to provide a selective overview of these developments, covering the areas of spin physics, catalysis, instrumentation, preparation of the contrast agents, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bryce Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - C Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Von-Siebold-Strasse 3A, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Department of Biometry and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rachel Katz-Brull
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- Magnetic resonance center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alexej Jerschow
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Sq. East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105, Nashville, TN, 37027, USA
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Niki M Zacharias
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) and Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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9
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Hövener J, Pravdivtsev AN, Kidd B, Bowers CR, Glöggler S, Kovtunov KV, Plaumann M, Katz‐Brull R, Buckenmaier K, Jerschow A, Reineri F, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Wagner S, Bhattacharya P, Zacharias NM, Chekmenev EY. Parawasserstoff‐basierte Hyperpolarisierung für die Biomedizin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan‐Bernd Hövener
- Sektion Biomedizinische Bildgebung, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Sektion Biomedizinische Bildgebung, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Bryce Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - C. Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration Von-Siebold-Straße 3A 37075 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institut für Biometrie und Medizinische Informatik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Leipziger Straße 44 39120 Magdeburg Deutschland
| | - Rachel Katz‐Brull
- Department of Radiology Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- Magnetresonanz-Zentrum Max Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Alexej Jerschow
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Sq. East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 Torino Italien
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Physics Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105 Nashville TN 37027 USA
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute Cedars Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA 90048 USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Niki M. Zacharias
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105 Nashville TN 37027 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Leninskiy Prospekt 14 Moscow 119991 Russland
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) and Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 USA
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10
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Schmidt AB, Berner S, Braig M, Zimmermann M, Hennig J, von Elverfeldt D, Hövener JB. In vivo 13C-MRI using SAMBADENA. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200141. [PMID: 30001327 PMCID: PMC6042716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a powerful imaging tool but suffers from a low sensitivity that severely limits its use for detecting metabolism in vivo. Hyperpolarization (HP) methods have demonstrated MRI signal enhancement by several orders of magnitude, enabling the detection of metabolism with a sensitivity that was hitherto inaccessible. While it holds great promise, HP is typically relatively slow (hours), expensive (million $, €) and requires a dedicated device (“polarizer”). Recently, we introduced a new method that creates HP tracers without an external polarizer but within the MR-system itself based on parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP): Synthesis Amid the Magnet Bore Allows Dramatically Enhanced Nuclear Alignment (SAMBADENA). To date, this method is the simplest and least cost-intensive method for hyperpolarized 13C-MRI. HP of P13C > 20% was demonstrated for 5mM tracer solutions previously. Here, we present a setup and procedure that enabled the first in vivo application of SAMBADENA: Within seconds, a hyperpolarized angiography tracer was produced and injected into an adult mouse. Subsequently, fast 13C-MRI was acquired which exhibited the vena cava, aorta and femoral arteries of the rodent. This first SAMBADENA in vivo13C-angiography demonstrates the potential of the method as a fast, simple, low-cost alternative to produce HP-tracers to unlock the vast but hidden powers of MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B. Schmidt
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Section Biomedical Imaging, MOIN CC, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- * E-mail: (ABS); (JBH)
| | - Stephan Berner
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Braig
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mirko Zimmermann
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hennig
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, MOIN CC, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (ABS); (JBH)
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11
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Chukanov N, Salnikov OG, Shchepin RV, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. Synthesis of Unsaturated Precursors for Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization and Molecular Imaging of 1- 13C-Acetates and 1- 13C-Pyruvates via Side Arm Hydrogenation. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:6673-6682. [PMID: 29978146 PMCID: PMC6026840 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized forms of 1-13C-acetates and 1-13C-pyruvates are used as diagnostic contrast agents for molecular imaging of many diseases and disorders. Here, we report the synthetic preparation of 1-13C isotopically enriched and pure from solvent acetates and pyruvates derivatized with unsaturated ester moiety. The reported unsaturated precursors can be employed for NMR hyperpolarization of 1-13C-acetates and 1-13C-pyruvates via parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP). In this PHIP variant, Side arm hydrogenation (SAH) of unsaturated ester moiety is followed by the polarization transfer from nascent parahydrogen protons to 13C nucleus via magnetic field cycling procedure to achieve hyperpolarization of 13C nuclear spins. This work reports the synthesis of PHIP-SAH precursors: vinyl 1-13C-acetate (55% yield), allyl 1-13C-acetate (70% yield), propargyl 1-13C-acetate (45% yield), allyl 1-13C-pyruvate (60% yield), and propargyl 1-13C-pyruvate (35% yield). Feasibility of PHIP-SAH 13C hyperpolarization was verified by 13C NMR spectroscopy: hyperpolarized allyl 1-13C-pyruvate was produced from propargyl 1-13C-pyruvate with 13C polarization of ∼3.2% in CD3OD and ∼0.7% in D2O. 13C magnetic resonance imaging is demonstrated with hyperpolarized 1-13C-pyruvate in aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita
V. Chukanov
- International
Tomography Center, SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3A, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Pirogova
Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- International
Tomography Center, SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3A, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Pirogova
Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt
University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology,
Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer
Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International
Tomography Center, SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3A, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Pirogova
Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International
Tomography Center, SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3A, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Pirogova
Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt
University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology,
Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer
Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- E-mail:
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12
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Kovtunov KV, Pokochueva EV, Salnikov OG, Cousin S, Kurzbach D, Vuichoud B, Jannin S, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Barskiy DA, Koptyug IV. Hyperpolarized NMR Spectroscopy: d-DNP, PHIP, and SABRE Techniques. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:10.1002/asia.201800551. [PMID: 29790649 PMCID: PMC6251772 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The intensity of NMR signals can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude by using various techniques for the hyperpolarization of different molecules. Such approaches can overcome the main sensitivity challenges facing modern NMR/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, whilst hyperpolarized fluids can also be used in a variety of applications in material science and biomedicine. This Focus Review considers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized liquids and gases by using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) and parahydrogen-based techniques, such as signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) and parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP), in both heterogeneous and homogeneous processes. The various new aspects in the formation and utilization of hyperpolarized fluids, along with the possibility of observing NMR signal enhancement, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Ekaterina V. Pokochueva
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
| | - Samuel Cousin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Basile Vuichoud
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry & Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, 48202, MI, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-3220, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
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13
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Coffey AM, Shchepin RV, Feng B, Colon RD, Wilkens K, Waddell KW, Chekmenev EY. A pulse programmable parahydrogen polarizer using a tunable electromagnet and dual channel NMR spectrometer. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 284:115-124. [PMID: 29028543 PMCID: PMC5708540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Applications of parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) often warrant conversion of the chemically-synthesized singlet-state spin order into net heteronuclear magnetization. In order to obtain optimal yields from the overall hyperpolarization process, catalytic hydrogenation must be tightly synchronized to subsequent radiofrequency (RF) transformations of spin order. Commercial NMR consoles are designed to synchronize applied waves on multiple channels and consequently are well-suited as controllers for these types of hyperpolarization experiments that require tight coordination of RF and non-RF events. Described here is a PHIP instrument interfaced to a portable NMR console operating with a static field electromagnet in the milliTesla regime. In addition to providing comprehensive control over chemistry and RF events, this setup condenses the PHIP protocol into a pulse-program that in turn can be readily shared in the manner of traditional pulse sequences. In this device, a TTL multiplexer was constructed to convert spectrometer TTL outputs into 24 VDC signals. These signals then activated solenoid valves to control chemical shuttling and reactivity in PHIP experiments. Consolidating these steps in a pulse-programming environment speeded calibration and improved quality assurance by enabling the B0/B1 fields to be tuned based on the direct acquisition of thermally polarized and hyperpolarized NMR signals. Performance was tested on the parahydrogen addition product of 2-hydroxyethyl propionate-1-13C-d3, where the 13C polarization was estimated to be P13C=20±2.5% corresponding to 13C signal enhancement approximately 25 million-fold at 9.1 mT or approximately 77,000-fold 13C enhancement at 3 T with respect to thermally induced polarization at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Coffey
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Bibo Feng
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Raul D Colon
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Ken Wilkens
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Kevin W Waddell
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-2310, United States; Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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14
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Bales L, Kovtunov KV, Barskiy DA, Shchepin RV, Coffey AM, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov AV, Feldman MA, Bukhtiyarov VI, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV, Goodson BM. Aqueous, Heterogeneous Parahydrogen-Induced 15N Polarization. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:15304-15309. [PMID: 29238438 PMCID: PMC5723423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b05912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The successful transfer of parahydrogen-induced polarization to 15N spins using heterogeneous catalysts in aqueous solutions was demonstrated. Hydrogenation of a synthesized unsaturated 15N-labeled precursor (neurine) with parahydrogen (p-H2) over Rh/TiO2 heterogeneous catalysts yielded a hyperpolarized structural analog of choline. As a result, 15N polarization enhancements of over two orders of magnitude were achieved for the 15N-ethyl trimethyl ammonium ion product in deuterated water at elevated temperatures. Enhanced 15N NMR spectra were successfully acquired at 9.4 T and 0.05 T. Importantly, long hyperpolarization lifetimes were observed at 9.4 T, with a 15N T1 of ~6 min for the product molecules, and the T1 of the deuterated form exceeded 8 min. Taken together, these results show that this approach for generating hyperpolarized species with extended lifetimes in aqueous, biologically compatible solutions is promising for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana
B. Bales
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International
Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- E-mail: (K.V.K.)
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Boreskov
Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | | | - Matthew A. Feldman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Valerii I. Bukhtiyarov
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Boreskov
Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- E-mail: (E.Y.C.)
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International
Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
- E-mail: (B.M.G.)
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15
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Schmidt AB, Berner S, Schimpf W, Müller C, Lickert T, Schwaderlapp N, Knecht S, Skinner JG, Dost A, Rovedo P, Hennig J, von Elverfeldt D, Hövener JB. Liquid-state carbon-13 hyperpolarization generated in an MRI system for fast imaging. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14535. [PMID: 28262691 PMCID: PMC5343473 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) tracers dramatically increase the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to monitor metabolism non-invasively and in vivo. Their production, however, requires an extra polarizing device (polarizer) whose complexity, operation and cost can exceed that of an MRI system itself. Furthermore, the lifetime of HP tracers is short and some of the enhancement is lost during transfer to the application site. Here, we present the production of HP tracers in water without an external polarizer: by Synthesis Amid the Magnet Bore, A Dramatically Enhanced Nuclear Alignment (SAMBADENA) is achieved within seconds, corresponding to a hyperpolarization of ∼20%. As transfer of the tracer is no longer required, SAMBADENA may permit a higher polarization at the time of detection at a fraction of the cost and complexity of external polarizers. This development is particularly promising in light of the recently extended portfolio of biomedically relevant para-hydrogen-tracers and may lead to new diagnostic applications. Hyperpolarized MRI uses molecules with a nuclear spin polarization beyond the thermodynamic equilibrium to enhance imaging contrast. Here, Schmidt et al. enable a single MRI system to both generate a hyperpolarized tracer and perform imaging, eliminating the need for an external polarizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - S Berner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.,German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - W Schimpf
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - C Müller
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.,German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - T Lickert
- Division Hydrogen Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE), Heidenhofstraße 2, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - N Schwaderlapp
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - S Knecht
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - J G Skinner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - A Dost
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - P Rovedo
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - J Hennig
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - D von Elverfeldt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - J-B Hövener
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 60a, Freiburg 79106, Germany.,German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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16
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Coffey AM, Shchepin RV, Truong ML, Wilkens K, Pham W, Chekmenev EY. Open-Source Automated Parahydrogen Hyperpolarizer for Molecular Imaging Using (13)C Metabolic Contrast Agents. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8279-88. [PMID: 27478927 PMCID: PMC4991553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
![]()
An
open-source hyperpolarizer producing 13C hyperpolarized
contrast agents using parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) for
biomedical and other applications is presented. This PHIP hyperpolarizer
utilizes an Arduino microcontroller in conjunction with a readily
modified graphical user interface written in the open-source processing
software environment to completely control the PHIP hyperpolarization
process including remotely triggering an NMR spectrometer for efficient
production of payloads of hyperpolarized contrast agent and in situ quality assurance of the produced hyperpolarization.
Key advantages of this hyperpolarizer include: (i) use of open-source
software and hardware seamlessly allowing for replication and further
improvement as well as readily customizable integration with other
NMR spectrometers or MRI scanners (i.e., this is a multiplatform design),
(ii) relatively low cost and robustness, and (iii) in situ detection capability and complete automation. The device performance
is demonstrated by production of a dose (∼2–3 mL) of
hyperpolarized 13C-succinate with %P13C ∼ 28% and 30 mM concentration and 13C-phospholactate
at %P13C ∼ 15% and 25 mM concentration
in aqueous medium. These contrast agents are used for ultrafast molecular
imaging and spectroscopy at 4.7 and 0.0475 T. In particular, the conversion
of hyperpolarized 13C-phospholactate to 13C-lactate in vivo is used here to demonstrate the feasibility of ultrafast
multislice 13C MRI after tail vein injection of hyperpolarized 13C-phospholactate in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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17
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Kovtunov KV, Barskiy DA, Salnikov OG, Shchepin RV, Coffey AM, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. Toward Production of Pure 13C Hyperpolarized Metabolites Using Heterogeneous Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization of Ethyl[1- 13C]acetate. RSC Adv 2016; 6:69728-69732. [PMID: 28042472 DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15808k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the production of 13C-hyperpolarized ethyl acetate via heterogeneously catalyzed pairwise addition of parahydrogen to vinyl acetate over TiO2-supported rhodium nanoparticles, followed by magnetic field cycling. Importantly, the hyperpolarization is demonstrated even at the natural abundance of 13C isotope (ca. 1.1%) along with the easiest separation of the catalyst from the hyperpolarized liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D A Barskiy
- Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA
| | - O G Salnikov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - R V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA
| | - A M Coffey
- Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA
| | - L M Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - V I Bukhtiyarov
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - I V Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310, USA; Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Shchepin RV, Barskiy DA, Coffey AM, Manzanera Esteve IV, Chekmenev EY. Efficient Synthesis of Molecular Precursors for Para‐Hydrogen‐Induced Polarization of Ethyl Acetate‐1‐
13
C and Beyond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Shchepin
- Department of Radiology Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37232 USA
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Department of Radiology Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37232 USA
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Department of Radiology Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37232 USA
| | - Isaac V. Manzanera Esteve
- Department of Radiology Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37232 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Radiology Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37232 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences 119991 Moscow Russia
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19
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Shchepin RV, Barskiy DA, Coffey AM, Manzanera Esteve IV, Chekmenev EY. Efficient Synthesis of Molecular Precursors for Para-Hydrogen-Induced Polarization of Ethyl Acetate-1-(13) C and Beyond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6071-4. [PMID: 27061815 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A scalable and versatile methodology for production of vinylated carboxylic compounds with (13) C isotopic label in C1 position is described. It allowed synthesis of vinyl acetate-1-(13) C, which is a precursor for preparation of (13) C hyperpolarized ethyl acetate-1-(13) C, which provides a convenient vehicle for potential in vivo delivery of hyperpolarized acetate to probe metabolism in living organisms. Kinetics of vinyl acetate molecular hydrogenation and polarization transfer from para-hydrogen to (13) C via magnetic field cycling were investigated. Nascent proton nuclear spin polarization (%PH ) of ca. 3.3 % and carbon-13 polarization (%P13C ) of ca. 1.8 % were achieved in ethyl acetate utilizing 50 % para-hydrogen corresponding to ca. 50 % polarization transfer efficiency. The use of nearly 100% para-hydrogen and the improvements of %PH of para-hydrogen-nascent protons may enable production of (13) C hyperpolarized contrast agents with %P13C of 20-50 % in seconds using this chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Shchepin
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Aaron M Coffey
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Isaac V Manzanera Esteve
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. .,Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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20
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21
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Truong M, Theis T, Coffey AM, Shchepin RV, Waddell KW, Shi F, Goodson BM, Warren W, Chekmenev EY. 15N Hyperpolarization by Reversible Exchange Using SABRE-SHEATH. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2015; 119:8786-8797. [PMID: 25960823 PMCID: PMC4419867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b01799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
NMR signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) is a NMR hyperpolarization technique that enables nuclear spin polarization enhancement of molecules via concurrent chemical exchange of a target substrate and parahydrogen (the source of spin order) on an iridium catalyst. Recently, we demonstrated that conducting SABRE in microtesla fields provided by a magnetic shield enables up to 10% 15N-polarization (Theis, T.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2015, 137, 1404). Hyperpolarization on 15N (and heteronuclei in general) may be advantageous because of the long-lived nature of the hyperpolarization on 15N relative to the short-lived hyperpolarization of protons conventionally hyperpolarized by SABRE, in addition to wider chemical shift dispersion and absence of background signal. Here we show that these unprecedented polarization levels enable 15N magnetic resonance imaging. We also present a theoretical model for the hyperpolarization transfer to heteronuclei, and detail key parameters that should be optimized for efficient 15N-hyperpolarization. The effects of parahydrogen pressure, flow rate, sample temperature, catalyst-to-substrate ratio, relaxation time (T1), and reversible oxygen quenching are studied on a test system of 15N-pyridine in methanol-d4. Moreover, we demonstrate the first proof-of-principle 13C-hyperpolarization using this method. This simple hyperpolarization scheme only requires access to parahydrogen and a magnetic shield, and it provides large enough signal gains to enable one of the first 15N images (2 × 2 mm2 resolution). Importantly, this method enables hyperpolarization of molecular sites with NMR T1 relaxation times suitable for biomedical imaging and spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton
L. Truong
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, and Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, and Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, and Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Kevin W. Waddell
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, and Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Fan Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Technology
Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Technology
Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Warren
S. Warren
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, and Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- E-mail:
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22
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Abstract
Recent developments in NMR hyperpolarization have enabled a wide array of new in vivo molecular imaging modalities, ranging from functional imaging of the lungs to metabolic imaging of cancer. This Concept article explores selected advances in methods for the preparation and use of hyperpolarized contrast agents, many of which are already at or near the phase of their clinical validation in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiotis Nikolaou
- Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, 1161 21st Ave South AA-1107, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310 (United States)
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, 62901 (United States)
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, 1161 21st Ave South AA-1107, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2310 (United States)
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23
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Kovtunov KV, Truong ML, Barskiy D, Salnikov OG, Bukhtiyarov V, Coffey AM, Waddell KW, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. Propane- d6 Heterogeneously Hyperpolarized by Parahydrogen. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2014; 118:28234-28243. [PMID: 25506406 PMCID: PMC4259496 DOI: 10.1021/jp508719n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Long-lived spin states of hyperpolarized propane-d6 gas were demonstrated following pairwise addition of parahydrogen gas to propene-d6 using heterogeneous parahydrogen-induced polarization (HET-PHIP). Hyperpolarized molecules were synthesized using Rh/TiO2 solid catalyst with 1.6 nm Rh nanoparticles. Hyperpolarized (PH ∼ 1%) propane-d6 was detected at high magnetic field (9.4 T) spectroscopically and by high-resolution 3D gradient-echo MRI (4.7 T) as the gas flowed through the radiofrequency coil with a spatial and temporal resolution of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 mm3 and 17.7 s, respectively. Stopped-flow hyperpolarized propane-d6 gas was also detected at 0.0475 T with an observed nuclear spin polarization of PH ∼ 0.1% and a relatively long lifetime with T1,eff = 6.0 ± 0.3 s. Importantly, it was shown that the hyperpolarized protons of the deuterated product obtained via pairwise parahydrogen addition could be detected directly at low magnetic field. Importantly, the relatively long low-field T1,eff of HP propane-d6 gas is not susceptible to paramagnetic impurities as tested by exposure to ∼0.2 atm oxygen. This long lifetime and nontoxic nature of propane gas could be useful for bioimaging applications including potentially pulmonary low-field MRI. The feasibility of high-resolution low-field 2D gradient-echo MRI was demonstrated with 0.88 × 0.88 mm2 spatial and ∼0.7 s temporal resolution, respectively, at 0.0475 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International
Tomography Center, 3A
Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, 2 Pirogova
St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- E-mail:
| | - Milton L. Truong
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department
of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer
Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Danila
A. Barskiy
- International
Tomography Center, 3A
Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, 2 Pirogova
St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- International
Tomography Center, 3A
Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, 2 Pirogova
St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Valery
I. Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov
Institute of Catalysis, SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department
of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer
Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Kevin W. Waddell
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department
of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer
Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International
Tomography Center, 3A
Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, 2 Pirogova
St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Institute of Imaging Science, Department
of Radiology, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer
Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- E-mail:
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24
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Coffey AM, Kovtunov KV, Barskiy DA, Koptyug IV, Shchepin RV, Waddell KW, He P, Groome KA, Best QA, Shi F, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. High-resolution low-field molecular magnetic resonance imaging of hyperpolarized liquids. Anal Chem 2014; 86:9042-9. [PMID: 25162371 PMCID: PMC4165454 DOI: 10.1021/ac501638p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the feasibility of microscale molecular imaging using hyperpolarized proton and carbon-13 MRI contrast media and low-field (47.5 mT) preclinical scale (38 mm i.d.) 2D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Hyperpolarized proton images with 94 × 94 μm(2) spatial resolution and hyperpolarized carbon-13 images with 250 × 250 μm(2) in-plane spatial resolution were recorded in 4-8 s (largely limited by the electronics response), surpassing the in-plane spatial resolution (i.e., pixel size) achievable with micro-positron emission tomography (PET). These hyperpolarized proton and (13)C images were recorded using large imaging matrices of up to 256 × 256 pixels and relatively large fields of view of up to 6.4 × 6.4 cm(2). (13)C images were recorded using hyperpolarized 1-(13)C-succinate-d2 (30 mM in water, %P(13C) = 25.8 ± 5.1% (when produced) and %P(13C) = 14.2 ± 0.7% (when imaged), T1 = 74 ± 3 s), and proton images were recorded using (1)H hyperpolarized pyridine (100 mM in methanol-d4, %P(H) = 0.1 ± 0.02% (when imaged), T1 = 11 ± 0.1 s). Both contrast agents were hyperpolarized using parahydrogen (>90% para-fraction) in an automated 5.75 mT parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) hyperpolarizer. A magnetized path was demonstrated for successful transportation of a (13)C hyperpolarized contrast agent (1-(13)C-succinate-d2, sensitive to fast depolarization when at the Earth's magnetic field) from the PHIP polarizer to the 47.5 mT low-field MRI. While future polarizing and low-field MRI hardware and imaging sequence developments can further improve the low-field detection sensitivity, the current results demonstrate that microscale molecular imaging in vivo is already feasible at low (<50 mT) fields and potentially at low (~1 mM) metabolite concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Coffey
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) and Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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25
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Shchepin RV, Coffey AM, Waddell KW, Chekmenev EY. Parahydrogen induced polarization of 1-(13)C-phospholactate-d(2) for biomedical imaging with >30,000,000-fold NMR signal enhancement in water. Anal Chem 2014; 86:5601-5. [PMID: 24738968 PMCID: PMC4063326 DOI: 10.1021/ac500952z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The synthetic protocol for preparation
of 1-13C-phosphoenolpyruvate-d2, precursor for parahydrogen-induced polarization
(PHIP) of 1-13C-phospholactate-d2, is reported. 13C nuclear spin polarization of 1-13C-phospholactate-d2 was increased
by >30,000,000-fold (5.75 mT) in water. The reported 13C polarization level approaching unity (>15.6%), long lifetime
of 13C hyperpolarized 1-13C-phospholactate-d2 (58 ± 4 s versus 36 ± 2 s for nondeuterated
form at 47.5 mT), and large production quantities (52 μmoles
in 3 mL) in aqueous medium make this compound useful as a potential
contrast agent for the molecular imaging of metabolism and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biochemistry, §Department of Physics and Astronomy, ∥Department of Biochemistry, ¶Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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