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Wan J, Liu F. Analysis of the Psychological Factors Faced by the Final Year College Students of China During Job Interviews and While Choosing Careers. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RESEARCH 2024; 53:24. [PMID: 38446244 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-024-10045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Career choice research has attracted the attention of recruiters and young graduates. The study aims to investigate the psychological factors that influence college students' employment choices. As a result, data for the study were gathered from 250 final-year college students in China via an online questionnaire survey. The study identified the psychological barriers faced by college students during job interviews through interviews with 120 h recruiters. The SPPS tool is used for data analysis. The study identified personal interest, self-efficacy, and self- esteem; social responsibilities; confidence; professional development opportunities; and future orientation as the important psychological factors that influence the career choice of college students. The study also found that the barriers faced by the college students during the interview were anxiety, inferiority complex, cowardice, and pride. Therefore, the study suggests that the college provides job-oriented training for college students' employment choices. The college should take the initiative to provide students with career opportunities and proper training to avoid psychological barriers during interviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wan
- Graduate School, Cavite State University, Cavite, Philippines.
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Foreign Studies, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
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He J, Iskhar S, Yang Y, Aisuluu M. Exploring the relationship between teacher growth mindset, grit, mindfulness, and EFL teachers' well-being. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1241335. [PMID: 37818422 PMCID: PMC10561394 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1241335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study examines the relationship between teacher growth mindset, mindfulness, grit, and teacher well-being, with a particular emphasis on the mediating role of grit. Methods The study involved 547 Chinese EFL teachers as participants. Data collection utilized validated measures of growth mindset, mindfulness, grit, and occupational well-being. Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the data and investigate the proposed relationships. Results The findings reveal several important relationships. Firstly, both teacher growth mindset and teacher grit exhibit a direct positive influence on teacher well-being. Secondly, teacher grit acts as a mediator in the connection between teacher mindfulness and teacher occupational well-being. This suggests that the positive impact of mindfulness on well-being is, in part, explained by the presence of grit. Discussion These findings significantly contribute to our comprehension of the factors influencing teacher well-being. They underscore the importance of cultivating growth mindset, mindfulness, and grit in educational contexts. Moreover, the implications of these findings for teacher training and support programs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu He
- School of Foreign Languages, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Kyrgyz-Chinese Department, Kyrgyzstan State University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Shisir Iskhar
- National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Foreign Languages, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Kyrgyz-Chinese Department, Kyrgyzstan State University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Moldobaeva Aisuluu
- Kyrgyz-Chinese Department, Kyrgyzstan State University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
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Trinh CD, Griffin ML, Li V, McHugh RK, Weiss RD. Assessment of the Short Grit Scale in patients with substance use disorder: Psychometric properties and patient characteristics. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2023; 49:399-405. [PMID: 36972561 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2023.2181702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Recovery from substance use disorder requires sustained effort and perseverance. Hence, the resilience factor of grit may be important for people in recovery. Little research has been conducted on grit in patients with substance use disorder (SUD), especially in a large and varied sample.Objectives: To analyze the psychometric properties of the Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) in patients with SUD and to use demographic and clinical characteristics to predict variance in Grit-S scores.Methods: Participants completed the Grit-S and other self-report measures. Psychometric properties of the Grit-S were assessed in outpatients (N = 94, 77.7% male) and a hierarchical regression predicted Grit-S variance in inpatients (N = 1238, 65.0% male).Results: The Grit-S demonstrated good internal consistency (α=.75) and strong test-retest reliability (adjusted r = .79, p < .001). Mean Grit-S score was 3.15, lower than other clinical samples reported in the literature. Regression modeling indicated a moderate, statistically significant association between demographic and clinical characteristics and Grit-S scores (R2 = 15.5%, p < .001). Of particular interest, the positive factor of recovery protection showed the strongest association with Grit-S of all variables assessed (β=.185 vs. β = .052-.175 for the remaining significant independent variables).Conclusion: The psychometric properties of the Grit-S in patients with SUD support its use in this population. Moreover, the particularly low grit scores among inpatients with SUDs and the association of grit scores with substance use risk and recovery factors suggest that grit could be useful as a treatment target in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine D Trinh
- Division of Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Margaret L Griffin
- Division of Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vivian Li
- Division of Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - R Kathryn McHugh
- Division of Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger D Weiss
- Division of Alcohol, Drugs, and Addiction, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Oviedo Grit Scale (A-EGO) in non-clinical adults from the general population. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:792. [PMID: 36522760 PMCID: PMC9753343 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04466-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the high clinical utility of grit, and the lack of measures that assess this construct among the Arabic-speaking populations, we propose to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the Oviedo Grit Scale (A-EGO) in terms of internal consistency, factor structure, convergent validity, and measurement invariance in a sample of Lebanese adults from the general population. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional, online study among 575 participants from the Lebanese general population (mean age = 26.28 years [SD: 8.83], 72.7% females). The unidimensional factorial structure of the A-EGO was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using the MPlus8 program. The mean and variance adjusted weighted least squares (WLSMV) was used as the estimation method. The reliability of the scores, the evidence of validity in terms of measurement invariance and correlation with other variables were analyzed. RESULTS The present results show that the 10 items of the A-EGO loaded on one factor. The internal consistency was excellent in our sample, as evidenced by a Cronbach's alpha value of .93. Multi-group confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated invariance across gender, governorate, and marital status at the configural, metric and scalar levels. Additionally, A-EGO scores showed moderate and positive correlations with self-control (r = .442), conscientiousness (r = .478), and productiveness facet (r = .506), supporting the convergent validity of the A-EGO. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that the A-EGO has good psychometric properties and can be recommended for the assessment of grit among the broader Arabic-speaking people worldwide. Making this scale available in the Arabic language will hopefully foster research in this area in Arab countries.
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Peng X, Wu D. The protective effect of grit on clinical nurses’ occupational psychological distress: Mediating and suppressing effects of Hope. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1019655. [PMID: 36248447 PMCID: PMC9559393 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As at a high-risk group of psychological distress, nurses generally experience varying degrees of stress, anxiety, and depression. This paper identifies the positive factors that may negatively regulate the psychological pain of clinical nurses and their mechanisms of action, providing reliable references for clinical nurse support management. The effects and mechanisms of hope and the two components of grit consistency of interest and perseverance of effort) on clinical nurses’ psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) were observed in this study. A total of 635 Chinese clinical nurses (90.4% female) completed an anonymous questionnaire for the survey. As expected, hope, consistency of interest, and perseverance of effort were negatively correlated with the three indicators of psychological distress (r = −0.21 ~ −0.38, p < 0.01). Path analysis results showed that hope significantly mediated the negative effect of consistency of interest on psychological distress, with an effect of 12.96%. Hope also covered up the perseverance of effort on psychological distress, the effect of 110.63%. In the influence of consistency of interest and perseverance of effort on psychological distress, hope contributed a vital mediating. Based on these results, it can be concluded that grit and hope have protective effects on psychological distress in clinical nurses. Significantly increasing the level of hope or grit may effectively prevent and reduce psychological distress in clinical nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Peng
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Department of Nursing, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Dongmei Wu,
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Construction and Analysis of Emotion Recognition and Psychotherapy System of College Students under Convolutional Neural Network and Interactive Technology. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:5993839. [PMID: 36164423 PMCID: PMC9509236 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5993839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study's aim is to effectively establish a psychological intervention and treatment system for college students and discover and correct their psychological problems encountered in a timely manner. From the perspectives of pedagogy and psychology, the college students majoring in physical education are selected as the research objects, and an interactive college student emotion recognition and psychological intervention system is established based on convolutional neural network (CNN). The system takes face recognition as the data source, adopts feature recognition algorithms to effectively classify the different students, and designs a psychological intervention platform based on interactive technology, and it is compared with existing systems and models to further verify its effectiveness. The results show that the deep learning CNN has better ability to recognize student emotions than backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and decision tree (DT) algorithm. The recognition accuracy (ACC) can be as high as 89.32%. Support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is adopted to classify the emotions, and the recognition ACC is increased by 20%. When the system's K value is 5 and d value is 8, the ACC of the model can reach 92.35%. The use of this system for psychotherapy has a significant effect, and 45% of the students are very satisfied with the human-computer interaction of the system. This study aims to guess the psychology of students through emotion recognition and reduce human participation based on the human-computer interaction, which can provide a new research idea for college psychotherapy. At present, the mental health problems of college students cannot be ignored; especially every year, there will be news reports of college students' extreme behaviors due to depression and other psychological problems. An interactive college student emotion recognition and psychological intervention system based on convolutional neural network (CNN) is established. This system uses face recognition as the basic support technology and uses feature recognition algorithms to effectively classify different students. An interaction technology-based psychological intervention platform is designed and compared with existing systems and models to further verify the effectiveness of the proposed system. The results show that deep learning has better student emotion recognition ability than backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and decision tree algorithm. The recognition accuracy is up to 89.32%. Support vector machine algorithm is employed to classify emotions, and the recognition acceptability rate increases by 20%. When K is 5 and d is 8, the acceptability rate of the model can reach 92.35%. The effect of this system in psychotherapy is remarkable, and 45% of students are very satisfied with the human-computer interaction of this system. This work aims to speculate students' psychology through emotion recognition, reduce people's participation via human-computer interaction, and provide a new research idea for university psychotherapy.
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Courage as Mediator between Positive Resources and General/Domain-Specific Well-Being Indices. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1067-1081. [PMID: 36005225 PMCID: PMC9407443 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12080076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: the current post-pandemic situation has exacerbated the effects already present due to the recent socio-economic crises belonging to the first two decades of this century: perception of instability, fears, concern for the future, underemployment, undignified work. This situation has negatively impacted life in general, career paths, and perceived quality of life, especially for new generations. Positive resources such as optimism and hope can have a positive effect in countering these effects which are impacting student academic satisfaction, life satisfaction, and flourishing. In the hypothesis, courage acts as a mediator for both domain-specific and general well-being, as perceived by college students. Methods: the research involved 410 Italian university students. Five rating scales were used: Visions About the Future, Courage Measure, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Flourishing Scale, and College Satisfaction Scale. Results: All research variables were significantly and positively correlated. The mediation model almost totally confirmed the hypotheses, as the relationship between optimism and academic satisfaction was totally mediated by courage. In other cases, optimism and hope had both a direct and an indirect effect, mediated by courage, on the life satisfaction, academic satisfaction, and flourishing of college students. Conclusions: the findings are discussed with recent theories and research on this topic, and suggestions are provided with practical implications for those involved in supporting the choice and construction of career paths.
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Aguerre NV, Gómez-Ariza CJ, Bajo MT. The relative role of executive control and personality traits in grit. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269448. [PMID: 35731743 PMCID: PMC9216537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although grit is predictive of wellbeing, educational achievement, and success in life, it has been conceptualized as largely distinct from cognitive ability. The present study investigated the link between grit and executive functions since regulation abilities might underlie the expression of grit. A hundred thirty-four people were administered personality questionnaires (grit, impulsiveness, and mindfulness) and four experimental tasks tapping into Miyake's and Braver's models of executive functioning (including measures of flexibility, inhibition, working memory, and control mode dimensions). Multivariate analyses showed that two composite scores (trait and executive functioning) were reliably predictive of grit, although it was the trait composite (characterized by low impulsivity and high mindfulness) that explained more variance. Importantly, gritty participants did not demonstrate enhanced executive functioning. Instead, they exhibited a different pattern of performance that might be reflecting a cautious profile of control, characterized by paying attention to all available information, less reliance on previous contextual cues but sensitive to conflicting information of the current context. These findings converge with Duckworth's idea that high grit people do not necessarily have a greater cognitive capacity. Rather, they use it in a different way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria V. Aguerre
- Department of Experimental Psychology–Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - M. Teresa Bajo
- Department of Experimental Psychology–Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Lee B, Rumrill P, Tansey TN. Examining the Role of Resilience and Hope in Grit in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:875133. [PMID: 35651340 PMCID: PMC9150841 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.875133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of resilience and hope on grit when controlling for demographic covariates, depression, and anxiety in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 348 participants with MS. Descriptive statistics were performed to examine participants' demographic characteristics. A three-step hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the extent to which resilience and hope explain the unique variance in grit while controlling for demographic covariates, depression, and anxiety. Findings suggested that resilience and hope explained a significant amount of variance in grit when controlling for demographic covariates, depression, and anxiety. Furthermore, higher resilience and hope scores were associated with higher grit scores. Given that resilience, hope, and grit are modifiable, rehabilitation and mental health professionals (e.g., psychologists, psychiatrists, rehabilitation counselors) can integrate strength-based interventions into their practices to bolster resilience, hope, and grit in people with MS. Our paper also has implications for interdisciplinary research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Lee
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Phillip Rumrill
- Human Development Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Timothy N Tansey
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Special Education, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Liu Y. Investigating the Role of English as a Foreign Language Learners' Academic Motivation and Language Mindset in Their Grit: A Theoretical Review. Front Psychol 2022; 13:872014. [PMID: 35619777 PMCID: PMC9127526 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.872014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review made a critical attempt to examine the studies on the role of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' academic motivation and growth mindsets in their grit. Some investigations have been done on the role of academic motivation in learner grit. However, a significant positive correlation between academic motivation and grit has been approved in related studies. The related literature review justified the results by broaden-and-build and expectancy-value theories. The related literature has shown that grittier learners persist in doing tasks, and developing their intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, the related literature has approved the effect of learners' language mindset on their grit. In other words, learners with a growth mindset are persistent, and they devote their time to their performance. Finally, the pedagogical implications are expanded to promote the quality of language learning. This review also provides some suggestions for further research to illuminate our perspectives over motivation, mindset, and their interactions with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Liu
- School of Foreign Languages, Henan Institute of Technology, Xinxiang, China
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Colla R, Williams P, Oades LG, Camacho-Morles J. "A New Hope" for Positive Psychology: A Dynamic Systems Reconceptualization of Hope Theory. Front Psychol 2022; 13:809053. [PMID: 35282244 PMCID: PMC8906075 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.809053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review of the central tenets of hope theory, we examine the meta-theoretical, theoretical, and methodological foundations of the literature base. Our analysis moves from a broad examination of the research landscape in hope theory across disciplines, to a deeper investigation of the empirical literature in university students. This review highlights the significant impact of this body of research in advancing our understanding of aspects of thriving characterized by hope. However, we also evidence several limitations that may impede the advancement of the next wave of growth in this field. To address these limitations, we argue for an interdisciplinary approach to expanding the meta-theoretical, theoretical, and methodological horizons, enabling a more dynamic systems approach to the study of hope. Drawing on the intersection of positive psychology with systems thinking, we describe a methodological approach that enables a deeper examination of the processes and interactions through which hope emerges, using an analysis of the lived experience of young people. It is proposed that this research agenda will bring to life an alternate story about the resourcefulness of our youth through their own voice, enabling us to leverage this in the design of more effective strategies to facilitate hope in the future. This research agenda provides a roadmap that will provide alternative methodologies that address the current limitations in the field of hope research and, importantly, can provide fuel to spur on the acceleration of the next wave of research and practice in the field of positive psychology more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Colla
- Centre for Wellbeing Science, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Chen YH, Chiu FC, Lin YN, Chang YL. The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based-Stress-Reduction for Military Cadets on Perceived Stress. Psychol Rep 2021; 125:1915-1936. [PMID: 33878969 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211010237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a program of mindfulness-based stress reduction for military cadets (MBSR-MC). On the basis of a pretest-posttest design, participants were assigned to either a control or an experimental group to examine the effectiveness of MBSR-MC. First, 60 volunteering cadets of National Defense University were randomly assigned to the MBSR-MC group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 30). In the pretest, all participants were required to complete the Taiwanese version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (T-FFMQ) and a perceived stress scale (PSS). Subsequently, the MBSR-MC group participated in the 8-week MBSR-MC program, whereas the control group did not receive any experimental treatment. One week following the completion of the program, a posttest consisted of the same questions as the pretest was conducted. Statistical analysis showed that (1) Comparing with the control group, the MBSR-MC group showed superior performance in three subscales of T-FFMQ, namely Acting with awareness, Non-judgment, and Non-reactivity. However, no significant difference was found in the remaining two facets: Observing and Describing. (2) The perceived stress score of the MBSR-MC group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Furthermore, an analysis of mediating effect showed that Acting with awareness, Non-judgment, and Non-reactivity were mediating variables of the relationship between MBSR-MC and perceived stress. The aforementioned results indicated that MBSR-MC training significantly increased military cadets' Acting with awareness, Non-judgment, and Non-reactivity, thereby significantly reducing their perceived stress. Therefore, this study supported the effectiveness of the MBSR-MC program on perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeh-Hung Chen
- Department of Psychology and Social Work, National Defense University, Taipei.,Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 34879National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei
| | - Fa-Chung Chiu
- Department of Counseling Psychology, 25795Chinese Culture University, Taipei.,Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 34879National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei
| | - Yao-Nan Lin
- Department of Business Administration, 34903Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei.,Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 34879National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei
| | - Yu-Lin Chang
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, 34879National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei
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Explanatory Styles of Counsellors in Training. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-021-09429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExplanatory style is based on how one explains good and bad events according to three dimensions: personalization, permanence, and pervasiveness. With an optimistic explanatory style, good events are explained as personal, permanent, and pervasive, whereas bad events are explained as external, temporary, and specific. For counsellors, an optimistic explanatory style creates positive expectancy judgments about the possibilities and opportunities for successful client outcomes. In this research study, we explored the explanatory styles expressed in 400 events (200 good events and 200 bad events) extracted from 38,013 writing samples of first year and final year graduate level counsellors in training. Across the three optimism dimensions and within good and bad events, there was one occurrence of a positive relationship between counsellor training time and the amount of expressed optimism. The implications of this study include the need to cultivate optimistic explanatory styles of counsellors in training and practicing counsellors.
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Datu JAD. Beyond Passion and Perseverance: Review and Future Research Initiatives on the Science of Grit. Front Psychol 2021; 11:545526. [PMID: 33584397 PMCID: PMC7873055 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.545526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Grit, which is originally conceptualized as passion and perseverance for long-term goals, has been associated with optimal performance. Although previous meta-analytic and systematic reviews summarized how grit relates to performance outcomes, they possess considerable shortcomings, such as (a) absence of summary on the association of grit with well-being outcomes; (b) absence of discussion on social, psychological, and emotional mechanisms linking grit to well-being; and (c) lack of elaboration on how alternative models can resolve fundamental problems in the grit construct. This integrative review provides a comprehensive summary on the link of grit to performance and well-being outcomes. Importantly, it elaborates how alternative models can potentially address flaws in the existing grit theory. Future research directions are discussed on how to move forward the science of grit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Alfonso D. Datu
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, Integrated Centre for Well-Being, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Kannangara CS, Allen RE, Carson JF, Khan SZN, Waugh G, Kandadi KR. Onwards and upwards: The development, piloting and validation of a new measure of academic tenacity- The Bolton Uni-Stride Scale (BUSS). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235157. [PMID: 32701983 PMCID: PMC7377486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
What factors determine success at University? For many years the construct of intelligence was felt to be critical. More recently, the construct of grit, has attracted the attention of many researchers, along with related concepts such as self-control, growth mind-sets and resilience. The authors of this paper have developed a specific measure of tenacity and self-composure, two constructs crucial to academic achievement. This measure comprises of 12 items drawn from the above constructs, but also including mental well-being and strengths use. In the first study, the authors report on the psychometric properties of the Bolton Uni-Stride Scale (BUSS). The new scale was administered to 1117 university students. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed two underlying factors, one labelled "tenacity" had seven items and accounted for 30% of the variance. The second was labelled "self-composure," and accounted for 14% of the variance. In the second study the BUSS was given to 340 undergraduate students along with the Grit Scale, the Self-Control Scale, the Mind-sets Quiz, the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10) and the short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). This study presented evidence for good internal consistency reliability (.74) and test-retest reliability over three weeks was .70 for Tenacity and .77 for Self-composure. BUSS Academic Tenacity correlated highly with grit (.63), self-control (.59), resilience (.52), mind-sets (.35) and mental well-being (.54). The study also evidences good discriminative validity of the BUSS. A second study conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), explaining a total of 44% of the variance. The authors have shown good support for the reliability and validity of the BUSS scale. It now needs to be tested in other universities and in different countries. It is the contention of the authors that academic tenacity will be a better measure of academic success than other competing measures, such as grit, on their own. Further research is needed to test this assertion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gill Waugh
- University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
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Karaman MA, Vela JC, Garcia C. Do hope and meaning of life mediate resilience and life satisfaction among Latinx students? BRITISH JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03069885.2020.1760206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet A. Karaman
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey
| | | | - Christian Garcia
- Department of Counseling, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, USA
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