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Anesi A, Ferretti M, Salvatori R, Bellucci D, Cavani F, Di Bartolomeo M, Palumbo C, Cannillo V. In-vivo evaluations of bone regenerative potential of two novel bioactive glasses. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1264-1278. [PMID: 36876550 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the aging of population, materials able to repair damaged tissues are needed. Among others, bioactive glasses (BGs) have attracted a lot of interest due to their outstanding properties both for hard and soft tissues. Here, for the first time, two new BGs, which gave very promising results in preliminary in vitro-tests, were implanted in animals in order to evaluate their regenerative potential. The new BGs, named BGMS10 and Bio_MS and containing specific therapeutic ions, were produced in granules and implanted in rabbits' femurs for up to 60 days, to test their biocompatibility and osteoconduction. Additionally, granules of 45S5 Bioglass® were employed and used as a standard reference for comparison. The results showed that, after 30 days, the two novel BGs and 45S5 displayed a similar behavior, in terms of bone amount, thickness of new bone trabeculae and affinity index. On the contrary, after 60 days, 45S5 granules were mainly surrounded by wide and scattered bone trabeculae, separated by large amounts of soft tissue, while in BGMS10 and Bio_MS the trabeculae were thin and uniformly distributed around the BG granules. This latter scenario could be considered as more advantageous, since the features of the two novel BG granules allowed for the neo-formation of a uniformly distributed bony trabeculae, predictive of more favorable mechanical behavior, compared to the less uniform coarse trabeculae, separated by large areas of soft tissue in 45S5 granules. Thus, BGMS10 and Bio_MS could be considered suitable products for tissue regeneration in the orthopedic and dental fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Anesi
- Laboratorio Biomateriali, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Materno-Infantili e dell'Adulto, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - M Ferretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze - Sezione di Morfologia umana (c/o Policlinico), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - R Salvatori
- Laboratorio Biomateriali, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Materno-Infantili e dell'Adulto, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - D Bellucci
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria "Enzo Ferrari", Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - F Cavani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze - Sezione di Morfologia umana (c/o Policlinico), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - M Di Bartolomeo
- Chirurgia Maxillo Facciale e Odontostomatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Odontostomatologiche e Materno-Infantili, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - C Palumbo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze - Sezione di Morfologia umana (c/o Policlinico), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - V Cannillo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria "Enzo Ferrari", Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Doube M. Closing cones create conical lamellae in secondary osteonal bone. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:220712. [PMID: 35958092 PMCID: PMC9363998 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lamellae are sheets of mineralized collagen 1-20 µm thick, extending over hundreds of µm in bone tissue, occupying bone's structural hierarchy at a level above collagen fibres and osteocytes, and below osteons and trabeculae. Osteons are tubular arrangements of lamellae surrounding central neurovascular canals. Lamellae in osteons are usually described as concentric cylinders based on their annular appearance in transverse section. In this review, I provide a perspective on current understanding of the relationship between geometry of the bone formation front and the shape of lamellae produced at it, reaching the conclusion that the 'closing cone' bone formation front in secondary osteonal remodelling must necessarily result in cone-shaped lamellae in the mature secondary osteon. Secondary osteons replace primary osteons through a tunnelling process of bone turnover, meaning that conical lamellae may become more common in older and damaged bone which is at greatest risk of fracture. Visualization and measurement of three-dimensional lamellar shape over hundreds of microns is needed to provide data for accurate micromechanical simulations. Treating secondary osteonal lamellae as a 'stack of cones' rather than 'nested cylinders' may have important implications for our appreciation of bone's function as a load-bearing tissue and of its behaviour in fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Doube
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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3
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Alunni Cardinali M, Di Michele A, Mattarelli M, Caponi S, Govoni M, Dallari D, Brogini S, Masia F, Borri P, Langbein W, Palombo F, Morresi A, Fioretto D. Brillouin-Raman microspectroscopy for the morpho-mechanical imaging of human lamellar bone. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20210642. [PMID: 35104431 PMCID: PMC8807060 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone has a sophisticated architecture characterized by a hierarchical organization, starting at the sub-micrometre level. Thus, the analysis of the mechanical and structural properties of bone at this scale is essential to understand the relationship between its physiology, physical properties and chemical composition. Here, we unveil the potential of Brillouin-Raman microspectroscopy (BRaMS), an emerging correlative optical approach that can simultaneously assess bone mechanics and chemistry with micrometric resolution. Correlative hyperspectral imaging, performed on a human diaphyseal ring, reveals a complex microarchitecture that is reflected in extremely rich and informative spectra. An innovative method for mechanical properties analysis is proposed, mapping the intermixing of soft and hard tissue areas and revealing the coexistence of regions involved in remodelling processes, nutrient transportation and structural support. The mineralized regions appear elastically inhomogeneous, resembling the pattern of the osteons' lamellae, while Raman and energy-dispersive X-ray images through scanning electron microscopy show an overall uniform distribution of the mineral content, suggesting that other structural factors are responsible for lamellar micromechanical heterogeneity. These results, besides giving an important insight into cortical bone tissue properties, highlight the potential of BRaMS to access the origin of anisotropic mechanical properties, which are almost ubiquitous in other biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Alunni Cardinali
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - A. Di Michele
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - M. Mattarelli
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - S. Caponi
- Istituto Officina Dei Materiali, National Research Council (IOM-CNR), Unit of Perugia, c/o Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - M. Govoni
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques – Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - D. Dallari
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques – Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - S. Brogini
- Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - F. Masia
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - P. Borri
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - W. Langbein
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - F. Palombo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - A. Morresi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - D. Fioretto
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
- CEMIN - Center of Excellence for Innovative Nanostructured Material, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
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4
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Smit TH. Closing the osteon: Do osteocytes sense strain rate rather than fluid flow? Bioessays 2021; 43:e2000327. [PMID: 34111316 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Osteons are cylindrical structures of bone created by matrix resorbing osteoclasts, followed by osteoblasts that deposit new bone. Osteons align with the principal loading direction and it is thought that the osteoclasts are directed by osteocytes, the mechanosensitive cells that reside inside the bone matrix. These osteocytes are presumably controlled by interstitial fluid flow, induced by the physiological loading of bones. Here I consider the stimulation of osteocytes while the osteon is closed by osteoblasts. In a conceptual finite element model, bone is considered a poro-elastic material and subjected to locomotion-induced loading conditions. It appears that the magnitude of flow is constant along the closing cone, while shear strain rate in the bone matrix diminishes linearly with the deposition of bone. This suggests that shear strain rate, rather than fluid flow, is the physical cue that controls osteocytes and bone deposition in newly formed osteons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoor H Smit
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Movement Sciences Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Sato T, Takakura A, Lee JW, Tokunaga K, Matsumori H, Takao-Kawabata R, Iimura T. A Quantitative Analysis of Bone Lamellarity and Bone Collagen Linearity Induced by Distinct Dosing and Frequencies of Teriparatide Administration in Ovariectomized Rats and Monkeys. Microscopy (Oxf) 2021; 70:498-509. [PMID: 34100544 PMCID: PMC8633100 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The lamellar structure of bone, which endows biomechanical rigidity to support the host organism, is observed in mammals, including humans. It is therefore essential to develop a quantitative analysis to evaluate the lamellarity of bone, which would especially be useful for the pharmacological evaluation of anti-osteoporotic drugs. This study applied a current system for the semi-automatic recognition of fluorescence signals to the analysis of un-decalcified bone sections from rat and monkey specimens treated with teriparatide (TPTD). Our analyses on bone formation pattern and collagen topology indicated that TPTD augmented bone lamellarity and bone collagen linearity, which were possibly associated with the recovery of collagen cross-linking, thus endowing bone rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Aya Takakura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan.,Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, 632-1 Mifuku, Izunokuni city, Shizuoka 410-2321, Japan
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tokunaga
- Nikon Corporation, 2-15-3 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-6290, Japan
| | - Haruka Matsumori
- Nikon Corporation, 2-15-3 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-6290, Japan
| | - Ryoko Takao-Kawabata
- Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, 632-1 Mifuku, Izunokuni city, Shizuoka 410-2321, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Iimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
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6
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Shapiro F, Maguire K, Swami S, Zhu H, Flynn E, Wang J, Wu JY. Histopathology of osteogenesis imperfecta bone. Supramolecular assessment of cells and matrices in the context of woven and lamellar bone formation using light, polarization and ultrastructural microscopy. Bone Rep 2021; 14:100734. [PMID: 33665234 PMCID: PMC7898004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2020.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diaphyseal long bone cortical tissue from 30 patients with lethal perinatal Sillence II and progressively deforming Sillence III osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) has been studied at multiple levels of structural resolution. Interpretation in the context of woven to lamellar bone formation by mesenchymal osteoblasts (MOBLs) and surface osteoblasts (SOBLs) respectively demonstrates lamellar on woven bone synthesis as an obligate self-assembly mechanism and bone synthesis following the normal developmental pattern but showing variable delay in maturation caused by structurally abnormal or insufficient amounts of collagen matrix. The more severe the variant of OI is, the greater the persistence of woven bone and the more immature the structural pattern; the pattern shifts to a structurally stronger lamellar arrangement once a threshold accumulation for an adequate scaffold of woven bone has been reached. Woven bone alone characterizes lethal perinatal variants; variable amounts of woven and lamellar bone occur in progressively deforming variants; and lamellar bone increasingly forms rudimentary and then partially compacted osteons not reaching full compaction. At differing levels of microscopic resolution: lamellar bone is characterized by short, obliquely oriented lamellae with a mosaic appearance in progressively deforming forms; polarization defines tissue conformations and localizes initiation of lamellar formation; ultrastructure of bone forming cells shows markedly dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and prominent Golgi bodies with disorganized cisternae and swollen dispersed tubules and vesicles, structural indications of storage disorder/stress responses and mitochondrial swelling in cells with massively dilated RER indicating apoptosis; ultrastructural matrix assessments in woven bone show randomly oriented individual fibrils but also short pericellular bundles of parallel oriented fibrils positioned obliquely and oriented randomly to one another and in lamellar bone show unidirectional fibrils that deviate at slight angles to adjacent bundles and obliquely oriented fibril groups consistent with twisted plywood fibril organization. Histomorphometric indices, designed specifically to document woven and lamellar conformations in normal and OI bone, establish ratios for: i) cell area/total area X 100 indicating the percentage of an area occupied by cells (cellularity index) and ii) total area/number of cells (pericellular matrix domains). Woven bone is more cellular than lamellar bone and OI bone is more cellular than normal bone, but these findings occur in a highly specific fashion with values (high to low) encompassing OI woven, normal woven, OI lamellar and normal lamellar conformations. Conversely, for the total area/number of cells ratio, pericellular matrix accumulations in OI woven are smallest and normal lamellar largest. Since genotype-phenotype correlation is not definitive, interposing histologic/structural analysis allowing for a genotype-histopathologic-phenotype correlation will greatly enhance understanding and clinical management of OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Shapiro
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen Maguire
- Division of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Srilatha Swami
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Evelyn Flynn
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jamie Wang
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Joy Y Wu
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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7
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Pazzaglia UE, Reguzzoni M, Depero L, Federici S, Bondioni M, Zarattini G, Raspanti M. The structure of cortical bone as revealed by the application of methods for the calcified matrix study. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:853-864. [PMID: 32227682 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Calcination and decalcification are basic procedures useful to a morphological approach of a biological, composite material like cortical bone. The study was carried out on a whole human femur conserved in liquid (from an educational collection). Cortical fracturing and SEM observation of vascular canals surface collagen texture was used to study bone deproteination at scalar temperatures (400-1,200°C) and acid bone decalcification at crescent time intervals. Heating burned and vaporized the organic matrix with shrinkage of the bone specimens as documented by the weight loss and transverse surface morphometry. SEM showed a pattern of aligned spherulites at 400°C which maintained the collagen fibrils layout (like a mineral cast), followed by a spherulites fusion progression with the temperature increments. At 1200°C a crystalline-like structure of tightly-packed trapezohendron units. XRD analysis supported the SEM morphology displaying the complete Debey rings of hydroxyapatite and spotted Debey rings of withlockite. Surface Ca and P elution was documented after 12 hr of exposition to the acid solution by dissolution of spherulites and the whole canal surface decalcified in depth after 15 days by SEM-EDAX analysis. The periodic pattern of collagen fibrils was still evident up to 15 days of decalcification together with fine granular deposits of a not-collagenic proteic material, while after 30 days no period was observed in the decalcified fibrils. Collagen mineral cast at 400°C calcination. Complete crystalline transformation at 1200°C. Up to 15 days of decalcification fibrils period maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Depero
- Chem4Tech Lab, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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8
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Alternating lamellar structure in human cellular cementum and rat compact bone: Its structure and formation. J Oral Biosci 2019; 61:105-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Heck CT, Varricchio DJ, Gaudin TJ, Woodward HN, Horner JR. Ontogenetic changes in the long bone microstructure in the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215655. [PMID: 31022247 PMCID: PMC6483220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of ontogenetic changes in long bone microstructure aid in vertebrate life history reconstructions. Specifically, osteohistological examination of common fauna can be used to infer growth strategies of biologically uncommon, threatened, or extinct vertebrates. Although nine-banded armadillo biology has been studied extensively, work on growth history is limited. Here we describe long bone microstructure in tibiae and femora of a limited ontogenetic series of nine- banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) to elucidate patterns of bone growth. The cortex of the smallest individual is composed of compacted coarse cancellous bone (CCCB) and woven tissue. Extensive cortical drift is driven by periosteal erosion and further compaction of trabeculae resulting in an increase in the amount of CCCB. The cortex of the largest specimens is primarily CCCB with thickened endosteal bone and thin outer cortices of lamellar and parallel-fibered tissue. The outer cortices of the largest individuals are interpreted as an external fundamental system (EFS) indicating a cessation of appositional bone growth corresponding to skeletal maturity (i.e. asymptotic or adult size). The EFS forms in femora prior to tibiae, indicating femoral growth rates begin decreasing earlier than tibial in D. novemcinctus. Growth trends in common fauna like the nine-banded armadillo can be used as a foundation for understanding life histories of related, but uncommon or extinct, species of cingulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Thomas Heck
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - David J Varricchio
- Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Timothy J Gaudin
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Holly N Woodward
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - John R Horner
- Chapman University, Orange, California, United States of America
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10
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Coalignment of osteocyte canaliculi and collagen fibers in human osteonal bone. J Struct Biol 2017; 199:177-186. [PMID: 28778734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During bone formation osteocytes get connected with each other via a dense network of canaliculi within the mineralized bone matrix. Important functions attributed to the osteocyte network include the control of bone remodeling and a contribution to mineral homeostasis. To detect structural clues of the formation and functionality of the network, this study analyzes the structure and orientation of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network (OLCN), specifically in relation to the concentric bone lamellae within human osteons. The network structure within 49 osteons from four samples of cortical bone from the femoral midshaft of middle-aged healthy women was determined by a combination of rhodamine staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy followed by computational image analysis. A quantitative evaluation showed that 64±1% of the canalicular length has an angle smaller than 30° to the direction towards the osteon center, while the lateral network - defined by an orientation angle larger than 60° - comprises 16±1%. With the same spatial periodicity as the bone lamellae, both radial and lateral network show variations in the network density and order. However, only the preferred orientation of the lateral network twists when crossing a lamella. This twist agrees with the preferred orientation of the fibrous collagen matrix. The chirality of the twist was found to be individual-specific. The coalignment between network and matrix extends to the orientation of the elongated osteocyte lacunae. The intimate link between OLCN and collagen matrix implies an interplay between osteocyte processes and the arrangement of the surrounding collagen fibers during osteoid formation.
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11
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Sankar S, Sharma CS, Rath SN, Ramakrishna S. Electrospun nanofibres to mimic natural hierarchical structure of tissues: application in musculoskeletal regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e604-e619. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharanya Sankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology; Telangana Hyderabad India
| | - Chandra S. Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology; Telangana Hyderabad India
| | - Subha N. Rath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology; Telangana Hyderabad India
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibres & Nanotechnology; National University of Singapore; Singapore
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12
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Ghazanfari S, Khademhosseini A, Smit TH. Mechanisms of lamellar collagen formation in connective tissues. Biomaterials 2016; 97:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)-a version of X-ray CT operating at high spatial resolution-has had a considerable success for the investigation of trabecular bone micro-architecture. Currently, there is a lot of interest in exploiting CT techniques at even higher spatial resolutions to assess bone tissue at the cellular scale. After recalling the basic principles of micro-CT, we review the different existing system, based on either standard X-ray tubes or synchrotron sources. Then, we present recent applications of micro- and nano-CT for the analysis of osteocyte lacunae and the lacunar-canalicular network. We also address the question of the quantification of bone ultrastructure to go beyond the sole visualization.
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14
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Gourion-Arsiquaud S, Marcott C, Hu Q, Boskey AL. Studying variations in bone composition at nano-scale resolution: a preliminary report. Calcif Tissue Int 2014; 95:413-8. [PMID: 25155443 PMCID: PMC4192085 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-014-9909-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone has a hierarchical structure extending from the micrometer to the nanometer scale. We report here the first analysis of non-human primate osteonal bone obtained using a spectrometer coupled to an AFM microscope (AFM-IR), with a resolution of 50-100 nm. Average spectra correspond to those observed with conventional FTIR spectroscopy. The following validated FTIR parameters were calculated based on intensities observed in scans covering ~60 µm from the osteon center: mineral content (1030/1660 cm(-1)), crystallinity (1030/1020 cm(-1)), collagen maturity (1660/1690 cm(-1)), and acid phosphate content (1128/1096 cm(-1)). A repeating pattern was found in most of these calculated IR parameters corresponding to the reported inter- and intra-lamellar spacing in human bone, indicating that AFM-IR measurements will be able to provide novel compositional information on the variation in bone at the nanometer level.
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15
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Prondvai E, Stein KHW, de Ricqlès A, Cubo J. Development-based revision of bone tissue classification: the importance of semantics for science. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edina Prondvai
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Dinosaur Research Group; Eötvös Loránd University; Pázmány Péter s. 1/c, 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Koen H. W. Stein
- Museum für Naturkunde Berlin; Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science; Invalidenstrasse 43 10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Armand de Ricqlès
- UPMC; UMR 7193, ISTeP; Sorbonne Universités; Univ Paris 06 4 Place Jussieu BC 19 F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS; UMR 7193, ISTeP; 4 place Jussieu BC 19 F-75005 Paris France
| | - Jorge Cubo
- UPMC; UMR 7193, ISTeP; Sorbonne Universités; Univ Paris 06 4 Place Jussieu BC 19 F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS; UMR 7193, ISTeP; 4 place Jussieu BC 19 F-75005 Paris France
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