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Cárdenas-Moreno Y, González-Bacerio J, García Arellano H, Del Monte-Martínez A. Oxidoreductase enzymes: Characteristics, applications, and challenges as a biocatalyst. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:2108-2135. [PMID: 37753743 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Oxidoreductases are enzymes with distinctive characteristics that favor their use in different areas, such as agriculture, environmental management, medicine, and analytical chemistry. Among these enzymes, oxidases, dehydrogenases, peroxidases, and oxygenases are very interesting. Because their substrate diversity, they can be used in different biocatalytic processes by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Immobilization of these enzymes has favored their use in the solution of different biotechnological problems, with a notable increase in the study and optimization of this technology in the last years. In this review, the main structural and catalytical features of oxidoreductases, their substrate specificity, immobilization, and usage in biocatalytic processes, such as bioconversion, bioremediation, and biosensors obtainment, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosberto Cárdenas-Moreno
- Laboratory for Enzyme Technology, Centre for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Jorge González-Bacerio
- Laboratory for Enzyme Technology, Centre for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Humberto García Arellano
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Division of Health and Biological Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Lerma, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Alberto Del Monte-Martínez
- Laboratory for Enzyme Technology, Centre for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
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2
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Lin CC, Sun DS, Lin YL, Tsai TT, Cheng C, Sun WH, Ko FH. A flexible and miniaturized hair dye based photodetector via chemiluminescence pathway. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 90:349-355. [PMID: 27940238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A flexible and miniaturized metal semiconductor metal (MSM) biomolecular photodetector was developed as the core photocurrent system through chemiluminescence for hydrogen peroxide sensing. The flexible photocurrent sensing system was manufactured on a 30-µm-thick crystalline silicon chip by chemical etching process, which produced a flexible silicon chip. A surface texturization design on the flexible device enhanced the light-trapping effect and minimized reflectivity losses from the incident light. The model protein streptavidin bound to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was successfully immobilized onto the sensor surface through high-affinity conjugation with biotin. The luminescence reaction occurred with luminol, hydrogen peroxide and HRP enzyme, and the emission of light from the catalytic reaction was detected by underlying flexible photodetector. The chemiluminescence in the miniaturized photocurrent sensing system was successfully used to determine the hydrogen peroxide concentration in real-time analyses. The hydrogen peroxide detection limit of the flexible MSM photodetector was 2.47mM. The performance of the flexible MSM photodetector maintained high stability under bending at various bending radii. Moreover, for concave bending, a significant improvement in detection signal intensity (14.5% enhancement compared with a flat configuration) was observed because of the increased photocurrent, which was attributed to enhancement of light trapping. Additionally, this detector was used to detect hydrogen peroxide concentrations in commercial hair dye products, which is a significant issue in the healthcare field. The development of this novel, flexible and miniaturized MSM biomolecular photodetector with excellent mechanical flexibility and high sensitivity demonstrates the applicability of this approach to future wearable sensor development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chang Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Da-Shiuan Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lin Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Tso Tsai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chieh Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsien Sun
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsiang Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Ivanov ID, Danichev VV, Pleshakova TO, Shumov ID, Ziborov VS, Krokhin NV, Zagumennyĭ MN, Ustinov VS, Smirnov LP, Shironin AV, Archakov AI. [Irreversible chemical AFM-fishing for the detection of low-copied proteins]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2014; 60:28-50. [PMID: 24749246 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20146001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The atomic-force microscopy-based method of irreversible chemical AFM-fishing (AFM-IF(Ch)) has been developed for the detection of proteins at ultra-low concentrations in solution. Using this method, a very low concentration of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) protein (10(-17) M) was detected in solution. A theoretical model that allows the description of obtained experimental data, is proposed. This model takes into consideration both the transport of the protein from the bulk solution onto the AFM-chip surface and its irreversible binding to the activated area.
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Jett JE, Lederman D, Wollenberg LA, Li D, Flora DR, Bostick CD, Tracy TS, Gannett PM. Measurement of electron transfer through cytochrome P450 protein on nanopillars and the effect of bound substrates. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3834-40. [PMID: 23427827 PMCID: PMC3876957 DOI: 10.1021/ja309104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electron transfer in cytochrome P450 enzymes is a fundamental process for activity. It is difficult to measure electron transfer in these enzymes because under the conditions typically used they exist in a variety of states. Using nanotechnology-based techniques, gold conducting nanopillars were constructed in an indexed array. The P450 enzyme CYP2C9 was attached to each of these nanopillars, and conductivity measurements made using conducting probe atomic force microscopy under constant force conditions. The conductivity measurements were made on CYP2C9 alone and with bound substrates, a bound substrate-effector pair, and a bound inhibitor. Fitting of the data with the Poole-Frenkel model indicates a correlation between the barrier height for electron transfer and the ease of CYP2C9-mediated metabolism of the bound substrates, though the spin state of iron is not well correlated. The approach described here should have broad application to the measurement of electron transfer in P450 enzymes and other metalloenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Jett
- West Virginia University, Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506-9530
| | - David Lederman
- West Virginia University, Department of Physics, Morgantown, WV 26506-6315
| | - Lance A. Wollenberg
- West Virginia University, Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506-9530
| | - Debin Li
- West Virginia University, Department of Physics, Morgantown, WV 26506-6315
| | - Darcy R. Flora
- University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | | | - Timothy S. Tracy
- University of Kentucky, College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Peter M. Gannett
- West Virginia University, Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506-9530
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Ivanov YD, Danichev VV, Pleshakova TO, Shumov ID, Ziborov VS, Krokhin NV, Zagumenniy MN, Ustinov VS, Smirnov LP, Shironin AV, Archakov AI. Irreversible chemical AFM-based fishing for detection of low-copied proteins. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750813010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ivanov YD, Frantsuzov PA, Zöllner A, Medvedeva NV, Archakov AI, Reinle W, Bernhardt R. Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Protein-Protein Interactions in the Cytochrome CYP11A1 (P450scc)-Containing Steroid Hydroxylase System. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2011; 6:54. [PMID: 27502676 PMCID: PMC3212078 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-010-9809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) were used for monitoring of the procedure for cytochrome CYP11A1 monomerization in solution without phospholipids. It was shown that the incubation of 100 μM CYP11A1 with 12% Emulgen 913 in 50 mM KP, pH 7.4, for 10 min at T = 22°C leads to dissociation of hemoprotein aggregates to monomers with the monomerization degree of (82 ± 4)%. Following the monomerization procedure, CYP11A1 remained functionally active. AFM was employed to detect and visualize the isolated proteins as well as complexes formed between the components of the cytochrome CYP11A1-dependent steroid hydroxylase system. Both Ad and AdR were present in solution as monomers. The typical heights of the monomeric AdR, Ad and CYP11A1 images were measured by AFM and were found to correspond to the sizes 1.6 ± 0.2 nm, 1.0 ± 0.2 nm and 1.8 ± 0.2 nm, respectively. The binary Ad/AdR and AdR/CYP11A1mon complexes with the heights 2.2 ± 0.2 nm and 2.8 ± 0.2 nm, respectively, were registered by use of AFM. The Ad/CYP11A1mon complex formation reaction was kinetically characterized based on optical biosensor data. In addition, the ternary AdR/Ad/CYP11A1 complexes with a typical height of 4 ± 1 nm were AFM registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Ivanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya st. 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia.
| | - P A Frantsuzov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya st. 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Zöllner
- Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - N V Medvedeva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya st. 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Pogodinskaya st. 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - W Reinle
- Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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7
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Kaĭsheva AL, Ivanov ID, Zgoda VG, Frantsuzov PA, Pleshakova TO, Krokhin NV, Ziborov VS, Archakov AI. [Visualization and identification of hepatitis C viral particles by atomic force microscopy combined with MS/MS analysis]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2011; 56:26-39. [PMID: 21328909 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20105601026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Possibility of detection and identification of hepatitis C viral particles with mass spectrometry (MS) in combination with atomic force microscopy (AFM) had been investigated. AFM/MS approach is based on two technologies: (1) AFM-biospecific fishing that allows to detect, concentrate from solution and to count protein complexes on a surface of AFM-nanochip; (2) mass spectrometric identification of these complexes. AFM-biospecific fishing of HCVcoreAg from solution was carried onto surface of AFM-nanochips with immobilized anti-HCVcoreAg. It was shown that HCVcoreAg/anti-HCVcore(im) complexes were formed onto AFM-nanochips in quantity sufficient for mass spectrometric identification. Thus, AFM/MS approach allows to identify fragments of hepatitis C virus fished onto a surface of AFM-nanochip from serum.
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Kaysheva AL, Ivanov YD, Zgoda VG, Frantsuzov PA, Pleshakova TO, Krokhin NV, Ziborov VS, Archakov AI. Visualization and identification of hepatitis C viral particles by atomic force microscopy combined with MS/MS analysis. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750810010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Ivanov A, Kopylov A, Zgoda V, Toropygin I, Khrjapova E, Ivanov Y. Mass-spectrometric identification of interaction sites for cytochrome P450 2b4/nadph cytochrome P450 reductase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20105601040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We determined the interaction sites of the cytochrome P450's protein-partners: 2B4 (d-2B4) and NADPH-cytochrome P450 of reductase (d-Fp). While in operation, these proteins are forming the complexes. We used 4-4'-dithio(bisphenyl)azide linker for non-specific covalent coupling of d-2B4 complexes with d-Fp in Emulgen-913 - monomerized system. Covalently-linked peptides in this complex were identified with ESI-MS/MS. Several sites of these proteins' binding with each other were revealed. Based on them, a model of intermolecular protein interactions was created. The model includes 5 cross-linker-stabilized contact sites of d-2B4 with d-Fp involving the following peptides of d-2B4 and d-Fp: 1) d-2B4423-433 и d-Fp 102-109; 2) d-2B4324-336 и d-Fp570-585; 3) d-2B4327-336 и d-Fp452-464; 4) d-2B4 192-197 и d-Fp456-464; 5) d-2B4 134-139 и d-Fp406-425.Herein, in the latter two cases, the peptides of d-Fp are located in their inter-domain slit and stabilize protein-protein complex via nanoprobe cross-linker; therefore, the formation of d-2B4/d-Fp complexes in these sites may involve aminoacid residues d-Fp456-464 and d-Fp406-425 surrounding inter-domain slit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.V. Ivanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - A.T. Kopylov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - V.G. Zgoda
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - I.Yu. Toropygin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - E.V. Khrjapova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Yu.D. Ivanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
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10
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Lin CC, Ko FH, Chen CC, Yang YS, Chang FC, Wu CS. Miniaturized metal semiconductor metal photocurrent system for biomolecular sensingviachemiluminescence. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:3189-97. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Ho WJ, Chen JS, Ker MD, Wu TK, Wu CY, Yang YS, Li YK, Yuan CJ. Fabrication of a miniature CMOS-based optical biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2007; 22:3008-13. [PMID: 17320371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2006.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a novel, miniature optical biosensor by immobilizing horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or the HRP/glucose oxidase (GOx) coupled enzyme pair on a CMOS photosensing chip with a detection area of 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm. A highly transparent TEOS/PDMS Ormosil is used to encapsulate and immobilize enzymes on the surface of the photosensor. Interestingly, HRP-catalyzed luminol luminescence can be detected in real time on optical H(2)O(2) and glucose biosensors. The minimum reaction volume of the developed optical biosensors is 10 microL. Both optical H(2)O(2) and glucose biosensors have an optimal operation temperature and pH of 20-25 degrees C and pH 8.4, respectively. The linear dynamic range of optical H(2)O(2) and glucose biosensors is 0.05-20 mM H(2)O(2) and 0.5-20 mM glucose, respectively. The miniature optical glucose biosensor also exhibits good reproducibility with a relative standard deviation of 4.3%. Additionally, ascorbic acid and uric acid, two major interfering substances in the serum during electrochemical analysis, cause only slight interference with the fabricated optical glucose biosensor. In conclusion, the CMOS-photodiode-based optical biosensors proposed herein have many advantages, such as a short detection time, a small sample volume requirement, high reproducibility and wide dynamic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Ho
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Bo-Ai Street, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, ROC
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12
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Archakov AI, Ivanov YD. Analytical nanobiotechnology for medicine diagnostics. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2007; 3:336-42. [PMID: 17460792 DOI: 10.1039/b618285b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The review is concerned with the state-of-the-art and the prospects of development of nanotechnologies in clinical proteomics. Nanotechnology in clinical proteomics is a new medical research direction, dealing with the creation and application of nanodevices for performing proteomic analyses in the clinic. Nanotechnological progress in the field of atomic force microscopy makes it possible to perform clinical studies on the revelation, visualization and identification of protein disease markers, in particular of those with the sensitivity of 10(-17) M that surpasses by several orders the sensitivity of commonly adopted clinical methods. At the same time, implementation of nanotechnological approaches into diagnostics allows for the creation of new diagnostic systems based on the optical, electro-optical, electromechanical and electrochemical nanosensoric elements with high operating speed. The application of nanotechnological approaches to creating nanopore-based devices for express sequencing of the genome is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, Moscow, Russia.
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Siperko LM, Jacquet R, Landis WJ. Modified aminosilane substrates to evaluate osteoblast attachment, growth, and gene expression in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 78:808-22. [PMID: 16741987 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bone cell-substrate interactions are important to understand in the design, selection, and surface modification of bone implants. To gain insight into such interactions, substrates designed with surface species approximating the physiological environment of bone matrix were studied. Osteoblasts (Ob) grown on three such surfaces were used to evaluate cell-substrate effects on attachment, growth, and gene expression as compared with controls. Initial surface preparation consisted of coating glass slides with aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES), after which the coated slides were modified with collagen-rich extracellular matrix components obtained from normally mineralizing avian tendon: the tripeptide arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (arg-gly-asp), or a precipitate formed from a metastable solution containing inorganic ions normally found in blood (simulated body fluid). Each of the modified substrates, as well as the nonmodified (APTES) control, provided distinctly different physical (evidenced by differences in rms roughness) and chemical surfaces for seeding primary osteoblasts obtained from 14-day-old normal embryonic chickens. Cell responses to each of the substrates were evaluated over a 21-day period in terms of Ob growth and growth rate, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and gene expression of type I collagen (COL I), osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OC), and bone sialoprotein (BSP). From these preliminary experiments, indications are that cell attachment and growth in this study possibly are independent processes, an assumption that compels the need for further studies. Collagen-rich matrix-modified substrates had a distinct advantage over others when cell growth rate, ALP activity, and gene expression were considered; cells on these substrates exhibited increased ALP activity and enhanced expression of BSP, OPN, and OC when compared with those of cells on APTES controls or other modified substrates. These results indicate that matrix-modified substrates such as those used in this study provide favorable templates for tissue generation, suggesting their potential in the design of surfaces for bone implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Siperko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio 44272, USA.
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Abstract
Progress in proteomic researches is largely determined by development and implementation of new methods for the revelation and identification of proteins in biological material in a wide concentration range (from 10(-3) M to single molecules). The most perspective approaches to address this problem involve (i) nanotechnological physicochemical procedures for the separation of multicomponent protein mixtures; among these of particular interest are biospecific nanotechnological procedures for selection of proteins from multicomponent protein mixtures with their subsequent concentration on solid support; (ii) identification and counting of single molecules by use of molecular detectors. The prototypes of biospecific nanotechnological procedures, based on the capture of ligand biomolecules by biomolecules of immobilized ligate and the concentration of the captured ligands on appropriate surfaces, are well known; these are affinity chromatography, magnetic biobeads technology, different biosensor methods, etc. Here, we review the most promising nanotechnological approaches for selection of proteins and kinetic characterization of their complexes based on these biospecific methods with subsequent MS/MS identification of proteins and protein complexes. Two major groups of methods for the analysis and identification of individual molecules and their complexes by use of molecular detectors will be reviewed: scanning probe microscopy (SPM) (including atomic-force microscopy) and cryomassdetector technology.
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Bistolas N, Wollenberger U, Jung C, Scheller FW. Cytochrome P450 biosensors—a review. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 20:2408-23. [PMID: 15854816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2004] [Revised: 11/10/2004] [Accepted: 11/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a large family of enzymes containing heme as the active site. Since their discovery and the elucidation of their structure, they have attracted the interest of scientist for many years, particularly due to their catalytic abilities. Since the late 1970s attempts have concentrated on the construction and development of electrochemical sensors. Although sensors based on mediated electron transfer have also been constructed, the direct electron transfer approach has attracted most of the interest. This has enabled the investigation of the electrochemical properties of the various isoforms of CYP. Furthermore, CYP utilized to construct biosensors for the determination of substrates important in environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical industry and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikitas Bistolas
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Street 24-25, 14476 Golm, Germany
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16
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Johnson DL, Lewis BC, Elliot DJ, Miners JO, Martin LL. Electrochemical characterisation of the human cytochrome P450 CYP2C9. Biochem Pharmacol 2005; 69:1533-41. [PMID: 15857618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2004] [Accepted: 02/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemistry of human cytochrome P4502C9 (CYP2C9) was characterised using purified His-tagged enzyme. The His-tagged enzyme was shown to have similar functional characteristics to native CYP2C9 heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and to the CYP2C9 activity of human liver microsomes. Evidence was observed for a reversible one-electron transfer between the P450 heme and the electrode. Both pH and ionic strength influenced the electrochemical behaviour of CYP2C9. A range of substrates was investigated to determine the effect of the heme-substrate interaction on CYP2C9 redox potential. In the absence of oxygen, tolbutamide, diclofenac, warfarin and sulfaphenazole did not alter the redox potential of the iron heme. In contrast, torsemide, carbon monoxide and oxygen led to an anodic shift in redox potential. These results suggest alternative mechanisms by which CYP2C9 (and by inference other P450 enzymes) may alter redox potential to facilitate electron delivery from physiological donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Johnson
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia
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17
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Shumyantseva VV, Bulko TV, Petushkova NA, Samenkova NF, Kuznetsova GP, Archakov AI. Fluorescent assay for riboflavin binding to cytochrome P450 2B4. J Inorg Biochem 2004; 98:365-70. [PMID: 14729317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2003.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between the hemoprotein cytochrome P450 2B4 (CYP 2B4) and riboflavin - a low molecular weight component of the flavoprotein NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 reductase - were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. Riboflavin fluorescence quenching by cytochrome P450 2B4 was used to probe the ligand-enzyme binding (lambda(ex)=385 nm, lambda(em)=520 nm). Fluorescence titration experiments showed formation of a complex between cytochrome P450 2B4 and riboflavin with an apparent dissociation constant value, K(d)=8.8+/-1 microM. The fluorescence intensity of riboflavin was decreased with increasing the cytochrome P450 2B4 concentration, indicating the transfer of resonance excitation energy from riboflavin (energy donor) to the cytochrome P450 2B4 heme (energy acceptor). The data obtained are suggestive of the existence of riboflavin binding site(s) on the hemeprotein molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria V Shumyantseva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Pogodinskaya st. 10, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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18
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Iwuoha EI, Smyth MR. Reactivities of organic phase biosensors: 6. Square-wave and differential pulse studies of genetically engineered cytochrome P450(cam) (CYP101) bioelectrodes in selected solvents. Biosens Bioelectron 2003; 18:237-44. [PMID: 12485770 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(02)00180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450(cam) (CYP101) bioelectrodes suitable for application in organic phases were prepared from genetically engineered CYP101 and vesicular dispersions of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide. The amperometric biosensor system was characterised under anaerobic conditions by cyclic and square-wave voltammetric methods. Cyclic- and square-wave-voltammetry studies showed that the biosensors exhibited direct reversible electron transfer between the haem iron atom and the glassy carbon electrode surface. The formal redox potential estimated for the electrode in acetonitrile was -380 mV/Ag-AgCl. The formal potential shifted anodically as the organic phase biosensor responded irreversibly to substrate (camphor) under anaerobic and aerobic conditions in acetonitrile. Differential pulse analysis of the reactivities of the CYP101 enzyme electrode confirmed the square-wave voltammetry result, which showed that the binding of substrate decreased the redox potential necessary for initiating the monooxygenation reaction of cytochrome P450(cam).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel I Iwuoha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
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Archakov AI, Ivanov YD. Optical biosensor and scanning probe microscopy studies of cytochrome P450 interactions with redox partners and phospholipid layers. Methods Enzymol 2003; 357:94-103. [PMID: 12424901 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(02)57669-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 119992, Russia
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Momynaliev KT, Govorun VM, Gnedenko O, Ivanov YD, Archakov AI. The use of the resonant mirror biosensor to detect point mutations, as demonstrated with synthetic oligonucleotides. J Mol Recognit 2003; 16:1-8. [PMID: 12557232 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of using the resonant mirror biosensor to detect point substitutions in oligonucleotides was demonstrated with a fragment of the Helicobacter pylori 23S rRNA gene, point mutations in which are responsible for clarythromycin resistance. Conditions were optimized for the interaction of a probe immobilized on the sensing surface with targets containing various nucleotide substitutions. A probe allowing reliable discrimination of mutant targets was selected. The mismatch position in the probe was shown to affect the kinetic parameters (response) of hybridization with mutant targets, reporting not only the position, but also the character (G or C) of a substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Momynaliev
- Institute of Physico-Chemical Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Malaya Pirogovskaya Str 1A, Moscow 119992,
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The lipid bilayer concept: Experimental realization and current applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-5193(03)80025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Abstract
We have assembled references of 700 articles published in 2001 that describe work performed using commercially available optical biosensors. To illustrate the technology's diversity, the citation list is divided into reviews, methods and specific applications, as well as instrument type. We noted marked improvements in the utilization of biosensors and the presentation of kinetic data over previous years. These advances reflect a maturing of the technology, which has become a standard method for characterizing biomolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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