1
|
Ermakov EA, Nevinsky GA, Buneva VN. Immunoglobulins with Non-Canonical Functions in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disease States. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155392. [PMID: 32751323 PMCID: PMC7432551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulins are known to combine various effector mechanisms of the adaptive and the innate immune system. Classical immunoglobulin functions are associated with antigen recognition and the initiation of innate immune responses. However, in addition to classical functions, antibodies exhibit a variety of non-canonical functions related to the destruction of various pathogens due to catalytic activity and cofactor effects, the action of antibodies as agonists/antagonists of various receptors, the control of bacterial diversity of the intestine, etc. Canonical and non-canonical functions reflect the extreme human antibody repertoire and the variety of antibody types generated in the organism: antigen-specific, natural, polyreactive, broadly neutralizing, homophilic, bispecific and catalytic. The therapeutic effects of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) are associated with both the canonical and non-canonical functions of antibodies. In this review, catalytic antibodies will be considered in more detail, since their formation is associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. We will systematically summarize the diversity of catalytic antibodies in normal and pathological conditions. Translational perspectives of knowledge about natural antibodies for IVIg therapy will be also discussed.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity
- Antibodies, Bispecific/chemistry
- Antibodies, Bispecific/genetics
- Antibodies, Bispecific/metabolism
- Antibodies, Catalytic/chemistry
- Antibodies, Catalytic/genetics
- Antibodies, Catalytic/metabolism
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/chemistry
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/genetics
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/metabolism
- Autoimmune Diseases/genetics
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/pathology
- Autoimmune Diseases/therapy
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/chemistry
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/metabolism
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/chemistry
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/metabolism
- Immunoglobulin Isotypes/chemistry
- Immunoglobulin Isotypes/classification
- Immunoglobulin Isotypes/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Isotypes/metabolism
- Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use
- Immunologic Tests
- Neurodegenerative Diseases/genetics
- Neurodegenerative Diseases/immunology
- Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology
- Neurodegenerative Diseases/therapy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A. Ermakov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.A.E.); (G.A.N.)
- Novosibirsk State University, Department of Natural Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Georgy A. Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.A.E.); (G.A.N.)
- Novosibirsk State University, Department of Natural Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N. Buneva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.A.E.); (G.A.N.)
- Novosibirsk State University, Department of Natural Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(383)-363-51-27; Fax: +7-(383)-363-51-53
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The DNA-hydrolyzing activity of IgG antibodies from human placenta. Placenta 2018; 68:1-8. [PMID: 30055664 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since during pregnancy and lactation women tend to develop autoimmune processes, characterization of placenta immunoglobulins and their possible catalytic functions is a very important step towards understanding the function of placenta. METHODS ELISA, affinity chromatography, SDS-PAGE and MALDI mass spectrometry were used. RESULTS It was shown, that ten placentas contain in average 1.1 ± 0.33 mg IgGs/g of placenta and 0.11 ± 0.1 mЕ anti-DNA antibodies/g of placenta. All ten individual IgG preparations were characterized by a specific ratio and various combinations of heavy (47.5-51.7 kDa) and light (22.2-33.3 kDa) chains with different molecular masses. All intact IgGs demonstrate DNase but have not amylase activity. Several strict criteria have been used to show that the DNase activity is an intrinsic property of placenta IgGs. The heavy chains of antibodies were catalytically inactive. The light chains of 22-24 kDa of all IgGs demonstrated maximal DNase activity, while the chains of approximately 25-33.2 kDa were significantly less active. IgGs were completely inactive after dialysis against EDTA. The optimal external cofactors of placenta DNase abzymes are Mg2+ and Cu2+ ions, while, activity in the presence of Mn2+ and Ca2+ is approximately 3-4-fold lower. Activation of DNase abzymes by Cu2+ ions was revealed for the first time. Placental antibodies possess selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells. CONCLUSION It was shown previously, that appearance of serum DNase abzymes is the good indicator of the beginning and obvious spontaneous or induced autoimmune diseases. The detection of placenta DNase antibodies indicates that during pregnancy, autoimmune processes can affect this organ.
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Baranova SV, Dmitrienok PS, Ivanisenko NV, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. Antibodies to H1 histone from the sera of HIV-infected patients recognize and catalyze site-specific degradation of this histone. J Mol Recognit 2016; 30. [PMID: 27862500 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Histones and their posttranslational modifications have key roles in chromatin remodeling and gene transcription. Besides intranuclear functions, histones act as damage-associated molecules when they are released into the extracellular space. Administration of histones to animals leads to systemic inflammatory and toxic responses. Autoantibodies with enzymatic activities (abzymes) are distinctive feature of some autoimmune and viral diseases. Electrophoretically and immunologically homogeneous IgGs containing no canonical enzymes were isolated from sera of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients by chromatography on several affinity sorbents. In contrast to canonical proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, and proteinase K), IgGs from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients purified by affinity chromatography on Sepharose containing immobilized histones specifically recognized and hydrolyzed only histones but not many other tested globular proteins. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, the sites of H1 histone (193 amino acids [AAs]) cleavage by anti-H1 histone IgGs were determined for the first time. It was shown that 1 cluster of 2 major and 4 moderate sites of cleavage is located at the beginning (106-112 AAs) of the known antigenic determinants disposed at the long C-terminal sequence of H1. Two clusters of minor and very weak sites of the protein cleavage correspond to middle (8 sites, 138-158 AAs) and terminal (5 sites, 166-176 AAs) parts of the antigenic determinants. It was shown that in contrast to canonical proteases, N-terminal part of H1 histone (1-136 AAs) containing no antigenic determinants is an unpredictably very resistant against hydrolysis by abzymes, while it can be easily cleavage by canonical proteases. Because histones act as damage-associated molecules, abzymes against H1 and other histones can play important role in pathogenesis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome and probably other different diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V Baranova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave. 8, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel S Dmitrienok
- Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Nikita V Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentiev Ave., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N Buneva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave. 8, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Georgy A Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave. 8, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ermakov EA, Smirnova LP, Parkhomenko TA, Dmitrenok PS, Krotenko NM, Fattakhov NS, Bokhan NA, Semke AV, Ivanova SA, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. DNA-hydrolysing activity of IgG antibodies from the sera of patients with schizophrenia. Open Biol 2016; 5:150064. [PMID: 26382278 PMCID: PMC4593665 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.150064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is believed that damage to the membranes of brain cells of schizophrenia (SCZ) patients induces the formation of autoantigens and autoantibodies. Nevertheless, the importance of immunological changes leading to the loss of tolerance to self-antigens in the genesis of SCZ has not been established. The MALDI mass spectra of the IgG light chains of 20 healthy donors were relatively homogeneous and characterized by one peak with only one maximum. In contrast to the healthy donors, the MALDI mass spectra of IgG light chains corresponding to 20 SCZ patients demonstrated, similarly to 20 autoimmune systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, two maxima of a comparable intensity. In addition, the MALDI spectra of the IgG light chains of five SLE and four SCZ patients contained a small additional brightly pronounced peak with remarkably lower molecular mass compared with the main one. DNase autoantibodies (abzymes) can be found in the blood of patients with several autoimmune diseases, while the blood of healthy donors or patients with diseases without a significant disturbance of the immune status does not contain DNase abzymes. Here, we present the first analysis of anti-DNA antibodies and DNase abzymes in the sera of SCZ patients. Several strict criteria have been applied to show that the DNase activity is an intrinsic property of IgGs from the sera of SCZ patients. The sera of approximately 30% of SCZ patients displayed a higher content of antibodies (compared with 37% of SLE) interacting with single- and double-stranded DNA compared with healthy donors. Antibodies with DNase activity were revealed in 80% of the patients. These data indicate that some SCZ patients may show signs of typical autoimmune processes to a certain extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A Ermakov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ludmila P Smirnova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Avenue, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Taisiya A Parkhomenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel S Dmitrenok
- Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Nina M Krotenko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Avenue, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Nikolai S Fattakhov
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Avenue, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Avenue, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Arkadiy V Semke
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Avenue, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya Avenue, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Valentina N Buneva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Georgy A Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baranova SV, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. Antibodies from the sera of HIV-infected patients efficiently hydrolyze all human histones. J Mol Recognit 2016; 29:346-62. [PMID: 26799177 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Histones and their post-translational modifications have key roles in chromatin remodeling and gene transcription. Besides intranuclear functions, histones act as damage-associated molecular pattern molecules when they are released into the extracellular space. Administration of exogenous histones to animals leads to systemic inflammatory and toxic responses through activating Toll-like receptors and inflammasome pathways. Here, using ELISA it was shown that sera of HIV-infected patients and healthy donors contain autoantibodies against histones. Autoantibodies with enzymic activities (abzymes) are a distinctive feature of autoimmune diseases. It was interesting whether antibodies from sera of HIV-infected patients can hydrolyze human histones. Electrophoretically and immunologically homogeneous IgGs were isolated from sera of HIV-infected patients by chromatography on several affinity sorbents. We present first evidence showing that 100% of IgGs purified from the sera of 32 HIV-infected patients efficiently hydrolyze from one to five human histones. Several rigid criteria have been applied to show that the histone-hydrolyzing activity is an intrinsic property of IgGs of HIV-infected patients. The relative efficiency of hydrolysis of histones (H1, H2a, H2b, H3, and H4) significantly varied for IgGs of different patients. IgGs from the sera of 40% of healthy donors also hydrolyze histones but with an average efficiency approximately 16-fold lower than that of HIV-infected patients. Similar to proteolytic abzymes from the sera of patients with several autoimmune diseases, histone-hydrolyzing IgGs from HIV-infected patients were inhibited by specific inhibitors of serine and of metal-dependent proteases, but an unexpected significant inhibition of the activity by specific inhibitor of thiol-like proteases was also observed. Because IgGs can efficiently hydrolyze histones, a negative role of abzymes in development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome cannot be excluded. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V Baranova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N Buneva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Georgy A Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Seo Y, Jun HR, Lee J, Park H, Kim M, Lee Y, Kwon MH. In-Cell RNA Hydrolysis Assay: A Method for the Determination of the RNase Activity of Potential RNases. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 57:506-12. [PMID: 25632893 PMCID: PMC4432088 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-015-9844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conventional procedures to assay RNA degradation by a protein with ribonuclease (RNase) activity require a step to isolate intact RNA molecules, which are used as a substrate. Here, we established a novel “In-cell RNA hydrolysis assay” in which RNAs within cells are used as a substrate for the RNA-hydrolyzing protein, thereby avoiding the need to prepare intact RNA molecules. In this method, the degree of RNA degradation is indicated by the fluorescence intensity of RNA molecules released from fixed and permeabilized cells following treatment with the potential RNase. A catalytic 3D8 antibody capable of degrading RNAs and pancreatic RNase A were used as model RNases. Our data demonstrate that the novel In-cell RNA hydrolysis assay is a reliable and sensitive method to analyze the activities of potential RNA-hydrolyzing proteins such as catalytic antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngsil Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University, 206 World Cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 443-749, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Systemic lupus erythematosus: Molecular cloning of fourteen recombinant DNase monoclonal kappa light chains with different catalytic properties. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:1725-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
9
|
Kostrikina IA, Odintsova ES, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. Systemic lupus erythematosus: molecular cloning and analysis of recombinant DNase monoclonal κ light chain NGK-1. Int Immunol 2014; 26:439-50. [PMID: 24919596 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxu047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Because DNase antibodies are cytotoxic, enter the nucleus and cause DNA fragmentation inducing cell death by apoptosis, they can play an important role in the pathogenesis of different autoimmune pathologies and especially systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The interesting goal of catalytic antibodies research is not only to study a possible biological role of such antibodies, but also to develop in future new human and animal therapies that use the advantages offered by abzymes. An immunoglobulin κ light chain library from SLE patients was cloned into a phagemid vector. Phage particles displaying recombinant monoclonal antibody light chains (MLChs) capable of binding DNA were isolated by affinity chromatography on DNA-cellulose. Sixteen of the 46 MLChs efficiently hydrolyzed DNA; one MLCh (approximately 27-28kDa) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by metal chelating and gel filtration. MLCh NGK-1 was electrophoretically homogeneous and demonstrated a positive answer with mouse IgGs against light chains of human antibodies after western blotting. SDS-PAGE in a gel containing DNA demonstrated that the MLCh hydrolyzes DNA and is not contaminated by canonical DNases. The DNase MLCh was activated by several metal ions. The protein sequence of the DNase MLCh has homology with mammalian DNases I and shares with them several identical or similar (with the same side chain functionality) important amino acid residues, which are necessary for DNA hydrolysis and binding of Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) ions. The affinity of DNA for this first example of a MLCh (K(M) = 0.3 microM) was 150- to 200-fold higher than for human DNase I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Kostrikina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Elena S Odintsova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Valentina N Buneva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Georgy A Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Botvinovskaya AV, Kostrikina IA, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. Systemic lupus erythematosus: molecular cloning of several recombinant DNase monoclonal kappa light chains with different catalytic properties. J Mol Recognit 2014; 26:450-60. [PMID: 23996487 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An immunoglobulin light chain phagemid library derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes of three patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was used. Phage particles displaying DNA binding light chains were isolated by affinity chromatography on DNA-cellulose, and the fraction eluted by an acidic buffer (pH 2.6) was used for preparation of individual monoclonal light chains (MLChs, 28 kDa). Thirty three of 687 individual colonies obtained were randomly chosen for study of MLCh DNase activity. Nineteen of 33 clones contained MLChs with DNase activity. Four preparations of MLChs were expressed in Escherichia coli in soluble form, purified by metal chelating chromatography followed by gel filtration, and studied in detail. Detection of DNase activity after SDS-PAGE in a gel containing DNA demonstrated that the four MLChs are not contaminated by canonical DNases. The MLChs demonstrated one or two pH optima. They were inactive after the dialysis against ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid but could be activated by several externally added metal ions; the ratio of relative activity in the presence of Mg(2+) , Mn(2+) , Ni(2+) , Ca(2+) , Zn(2+) , and Co(2+) was individual for each MLCh preparation. K(+) and Na(+) inhibited the DNase activity of various MLChs at different concentrations. Hydrolysis of DNA by all four MLCh was saturable and consistent with Michaelis-Menten kinetics. These clones are the first examples of recombinant MLChs possessing high affinity for DNA (Km = 3-9 nM) and demonstrating high kcat values (3.4-6.9 min(-1) ). These observations suggest that the systemic lupus erythematosus light chain repertoire can serve as a source of new types of DNases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina V Botvinovskaya
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Parkhomenko TA, Buneva VN, Doronin BM, Volkova MV, Senkovich SA, Generalov II, Nevinsky GA. IgGs containing λ- and κ-type light chains and of all subclasses (IgG1-IgG4) from the sera of patients with autoimmune diseases and viral and bacterial infections hydrolyze DNA. J Mol Recognit 2012; 25:383-92. [PMID: 22733547 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We present the first evidence demonstrating that small fractions of IgGs of all four subclasses (IgG1-IgG4) from patients with viral (tick-borne encephalitis), bacterial infections (streptococcal infection or erysipelas), and suppurative surgical infections caused by epidermal staphylococci as well as from patients with autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis) are catalytically active in the hydrolysis of supercoiled DNA. The hydrolysis of DNA was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The catalytic activities of nonfractionated IgGs increased in the following order: tick-borne encephalitis < suppurative surgical infection < streptococcal infection < multiple sclerosis < systemic lupus erythematosus, whereas IgGs of healthy donors were inactive. However, the pools of antibodies corresponding to any particular disease were characterized by a specific ratio of IgGs of all four subclasses (IgG1-IgG4) and IgGs containing λ- and κ-type light chains, and each of these subfractions of immunoglobulins demonstrated characteristic relative DNase activity. The relative activities of IgGs containing λ-type light chains may on average be higher, lower, or comparable with those for IgGs with κ-type light chains. The relative contributions of IgGs of different subclasses to the total activity of IgGs also varied widely in the case of various diseases: IgG1 (7%-45%), IgG2 (0.4%-73%), IgG3 (0%-12%), and IgG4 (9%-66%). Thus, immune systems of patients with different diseases can generate a variety of anti-DNA abzymes of different types and with different catalytic properties, which can play an important role in the pathogenesis or protection from the development of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taisiya A Parkhomenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Krasnorutskii MA, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. DNase, RNase, and phosphatase activities of antibodies formed upon immunization by DNA, DNase I, and DNase II. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 76:1065-72. [PMID: 22082277 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297911090124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Relative DNase, RNase (efficiency of hydrolysis of ribo- and deoxyribooligonucleotides (ON)), and phosphatase (removal of the ON 5' terminal phosphate) catalytic activities of antibodies (AB) obtained after rabbit immunization by DNA, DNase I, and DNase II were compared. It is shown that electrophoretically homogeneous preparations of polyclonal AB from non-immunized rabbits did not exhibit such activities. Immunization of rabbits by DNA, DNase I, and DNase II results in generation of IgG abzymes that exhibit high activity in the ON hydrolysis reaction and even higher activity in cleavage of 5' terminal phosphate of ON. In this case K(m) values for supercoiled plasmid DNA and ON found in reactions of their AB-dependent nuclease hydrolysis and phosphatase cleavage of 5' terminal phosphate differ by 2-4 orders of magnitude. This shows that nuclease and phosphatase activities belong to different abzyme fractions within polyclonal AB. Thus, in this work data indicative of the possibility of a formation of antibodies exhibiting phosphatase activity after immunization of animals with DNA, DNase I, and DNase II, were obtained for the first time. Possible reasons for production of AB with phosphatase activity after immunization of rabbits with these immunogens are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Krasnorutskii
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zein HS, El-Sehemy AA, Fares MO, ElHefnawi M, Teixeira da Silva JA, Miyatake K. Generation, characterization, and docking studies of DNA-hydrolyzing recombinant Fab antibodies. J Mol Recognit 2011; 24:862-74. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
14
|
Kostrikina IA, Kolesova ME, Orlovskaya IA, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. Diversity of DNA-hydrolyzing antibodies from the sera of autoimmune-prone MRL/MpJ-lpr mice. J Mol Recognit 2010; 24:557-69. [PMID: 20842640 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown for the first time that polyclonal IgG abzymes (Abzs) with DNase activity from the sera of autoimmune-prone MRL/MpJ-lpr mice can be separated by isoelectric focusing into many subfractions having the isoelectric points (pI) from 4.5 to 9, with the maximal activity for Abzs with pI = 6.5-9.0. Affinity chromatography on DNA-cellulose separated DNase IgGs into many subfractions demonstrating a range of affinities for DNA and different levels of the relative DNase activities (RDA) due to intrinsically bound metals and after addition of external Mg(2+) , Mn(2+) , Ca(2+), and Mg(2+) +Ca(2+). Some fractions significantly increase RDAs in the presence of external ions (Mg(2+) + Ca(2+) > Mg(2+) > Mn(2+) > Ca(2+)), while each of this cofactor can also inhibit or have no influence on the RDAs of another fractions. It is known that complexes of DNA with histones and other proteins of apoptotic cells are the primary immunogens in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and methylated BSA (mBSA) increase the RDAs of only some fractions, while have no effect or inhibit other IgG fractions. The ratio of the RDAs in the presence of all metal ions, BSA, and mBSA was individual for every abzyme fraction. Mn(2+) and Ca(2+) stimulated accumulation of only relaxed form of supercoiled DNA (scDNA) in the case of all subfractions, while in the presence of Mg(2+) antibodies (Abs) of some subfractions (and in the presence of Mn(2+) +Ca(2+) all subfractions) produced relaxed DNA (rDNA) and linear DNA (linDNA) in a variable extent. The data obtained show that the polyclonal Abzs of mice may be a cocktail of Abs directly to DNA, RNA, and their complexes with proteins and anti-idiotypic Abs to active centers of different nucleases. The diversity of the physicochemical and kinetic characteristics of the Abzs seems to be significantly widened when pre-diseased mice spontaneously develop the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Kostrikina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lavrent'eva 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Molecular analysis of multicatalytic monoclonal antibodies. Mol Immunol 2010; 47:1747-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2010.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
16
|
Jun HR, Pham CD, Lim SI, Lee SC, Kim YS, Park S, Kwon MH. An RNA-hydrolyzing recombinant antibody exhibits an antiviral activity against classical swine fever virus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 395:484-9. [PMID: 20382124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Some proteins with ribonuclease (RNase) activity have been shown to suppress viral replication. A well-characterized recombinant antibody, 3D8 single-chain variable fragment (3D8 scFv), has RNA-hydrolyzing and cell-penetrating activities. Here, we investigated antiviral activity of 3D8 scFv against classical swine fever virus (CSFV). In a cell line expressing 3D8 scFv (C26), intracellular RNA-hydrolysis activity was higher compared to control PK-15 cells and viral replication was strongly suppressed at the viral RNA level, with the evidence of independency of IFN-alpha/beta induction. Exogenous treatment of 3D8 scFv, prior to or post-CSFV infection, was also shown to suppress CSFV replication at the viral RNA level. These observations suggest that antiviral activity of 3D8 scFv may be due to the intrinsic RNase activity of 3D8 scFv, which is capable of targeting viral RNA genomes or transcripts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ryeong Jun
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 443-721, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nevinsky GA, Buneva VN. Peculiarities of abzymes from sera and milk of healthy donors and patients with autoimmune and viral diseases. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2010; 74:945-61. [PMID: 19916905 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297909090028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The detection of catalytic activity of antibodies is the earliest indicator of development of autoimmune diseases (AID). In early stages of AID, the repertoire of abzymes with various properties is relatively small, but it is greatly increased during their development. Catalytic diversity of the abzymes includes DNase, RNase, ATPase, and oxidoreductase activities; there are antibodies phosphorylating proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides. This review summarizes new data on abzyme heterogeneity and possible reasons for this phenomenon. A possible role of abzymes and their exceptional multiplicity in the pathogenesis of different AID is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G A Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Parkhomenko TA, Buneva VN, Tyshkevich OB, Generalov II, Doronin BM, Nevinsky GA. DNA-hydrolyzing activity of IgG antibodies from the sera of patients with tick-borne encephalitis. Biochimie 2010; 92:545-54. [PMID: 20138955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
DNase autoantibodies (Abzs) can be found in the blood of patients with several autoimmune diseases, while the blood of healthy donors or patients with diseases with an insignificant disturbance of the immune status does not contain DNase Abzs. Here we present the first analysis of the DNase Abzs activity in the patients with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Several strict criteria have been applied to show that the DNase activity is an intrinsic property of IgGs from the sera of TBE patients but not from healthy donors. The relative activity of IgGs has been shown to vary extensively from patient to patient, but most of the preparations (91%) had detectable levels of the DNase activity. Polyclonal DNase IgGs were not active in the presence of EDTA or after a dialysis against EDTA, but could be activated by several externally added metal ions, with the level of activity decreasing in the order Mn(2+) + Ca(2+) > or = Mn(2+)+ Mg(2+) > or = Mn(2+) > or = Mg(2+) + Ca(2+) > or = Co(2+) > or = Mg(2+) > Ca(2+), while K(+), Na(+), Ni(2+), Zn(2+), and Cu(2+) did not stimulate DNA hydrolysis. Affinity chromatography on DNA-cellulose separated the DNase IgGs into many subfractions with various affinities for DNA and very different levels of the relative activity. Possible reasons for catalytic diversity of polyclonal human Abzs are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taisiya A Parkhomenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Division, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Krasnorutskii MA, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA. Immunization of rabbits with DNase II leads to formation of polyclonal antibodies with DNase and RNase activities. Int Immunol 2009; 21:349-60. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxp004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
20
|
Kim DS, Lee SH, Kim JS, Lee SC, Kwon MH, Kim YS. Generation of humanized anti-DNA hydrolyzing catalytic antibodies by complementarity determining region grafting. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 379:314-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|