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Mîndrilă B, Buteică SA, Mîndrilă I, Mihaiescu DE, Mănescu MD, Rogoveanu I. Administration Routes as Modulators of the Intrahepatic Distribution and Anti-Anemic Activity of Salicylic Acid/Fe3O4 Nanoparticles. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051213. [PMID: 35625949 PMCID: PMC9138897 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is a key organ in the pharmacokinetics of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). This paper examined how the intravenous (IV) or intragastric (IG) route of administration influenced the intrahepatic distribution or therapeutic effects of IONPs. Wistar rats, some with bleeding-induced anemia, and iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with salicylic acid (SaIONPs), with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 73 nm, compatible with rat sinusoid fenestrations, were used in this study. Light microscopy and multispectral camera analysis of Prussian blue labeled SaIONPs allowed mapping of intrahepatic nanoparticle deposits and revealed intrahepatic distribution patterns specific to each route of administration: loading of Kupffer cells and periportal hepatocytes when the IV route was used and predominant loading of hepatocytes when the IG route was used. Reducing the time to return to baseline values for hemoglobin (HGB) in rats with bleeding-induced anemia with IV or IG therapy has proven the therapeutic potential of SaIONPs in such anemias. The long-term follow-up showed that IV therapy resulted in higher HGB values. Proper use of the administration routes may modulate intrahepatic distribution and therapeutic effects of nanoparticles. These results may be beneficial in theragnosis of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Mîndrilă
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.M.); (M.-D.M.)
| | - Sandra-Alice Buteică
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Ion Mîndrilă
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Dan-Eduard Mihaiescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Marina-Daniela Mănescu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.M.); (M.-D.M.)
| | - Ion Rogoveanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
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2
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Khaled W, Piraquive J, Leporq B, Wan JH, Lambert SA, Mignet N, Doan B, Lotersztajn S, Garteiser P, Van Beers BE. In vitro distinction between proinflammatory and antiinflammatory macrophages with gadolinium‐liposomes and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles at 3.0T. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 49:1166-1173. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wassef Khaled
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers and Center for Research on Inflammation, UMR 1149 INSERM – University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
- Department of RadiologyBeaujon University Hospital Paris Nord Clichy France
| | - Joao Piraquive
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers and Center for Research on Inflammation, UMR 1149 INSERM – University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Benjamin Leporq
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers and Center for Research on Inflammation, UMR 1149 INSERM – University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Jing Hong Wan
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers and Center for Research on Inflammation, UMR 1149 INSERM – University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Simon A. Lambert
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers and Center for Research on Inflammation, UMR 1149 INSERM – University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Nathalie Mignet
- Chemical, Genetic and Imaging Pharmacology Laboratory (CNRS UMR 8151, INSERM U1022), Faculty of PharmacyUniversity Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Bich‐Thuy Doan
- Chemical, Genetic and Imaging Pharmacology Laboratory (CNRS UMR 8151, INSERM U1022), Faculty of PharmacyUniversity Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers and Center for Research on Inflammation, UMR 1149 INSERM – University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Philippe Garteiser
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers and Center for Research on Inflammation, UMR 1149 INSERM – University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Bernard E. Van Beers
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers and Center for Research on Inflammation, UMR 1149 INSERM – University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
- Department of RadiologyBeaujon University Hospital Paris Nord Clichy France
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3
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Alric C, Hervé-Aubert K, Aubrey N, Melouk S, Lajoie L, Même W, Même S, Courbebaisse Y, Ignatova AA, Feofanov AV, Chourpa I, Allard-Vannier E. Targeting HER2-breast tumors with scFv-decorated bimodal nanoprobes. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:18. [PMID: 29466990 PMCID: PMC5820783 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent advances in nanomedicine have shown the great interest of active targeting associated to nanoparticles. Single chain variable fragments (scFv) of disease-specific antibodies are very promising targeting entities because they are small, not immunogenic and able to bind their specific antigens. The present paper is devoted to biological properties in vitro and in vivo of fluorescent and pegylated iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs-Cy-PEG-scFv) functionalized with scFv targeting Human Epithelial growth Receptor 2 (HER2). Results Thanks to a site-selective scFv conjugation, the resultant nanoprobes demonstrated high affinity and specific binding to HER2 breast cancer cells. The cellular uptake of SPIONs-Cy-PEG-scFv was threefold higher than that for untargeted PEGylated iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs-Cy-PEG) and is correlated to the expression of HER2 on cells. In vivo, the decrease of MR signals in HER2+ xenograft tumor is about 30% at 24 h after the injection. Conclusions These results all indicate that SPIONs-Cy-PEG-scFv are relevant tumor-targeting magnetic resonance imaging agents, suitable for diagnosis of HER2 overexpressing breast tumor. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-018-0341-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Alric
- EA6295 'Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes', Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Katel Hervé-Aubert
- EA6295 'Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes', Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Aubrey
- ISP, Université de Tours, INRA, UMR 1282, Equipe BIOMédicaments Anti-Parasitaires, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Souad Melouk
- EA6295 'Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes', Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Laurie Lajoie
- GICC 'Groupe Innovation et Ciblage Cellulaire', Université de Tours, Equipe FRAME - Fc Récepteurs, Anticorps et MicroEnvironnement, 37032, Tours, France
| | - William Même
- CBM, CNRS, UPR4301, Equipe Complexes Métalliques et IRM pour applications biomédicales, 45071, Orléans, France
| | - Sandra Même
- CBM, CNRS, UPR4301, Equipe Complexes Métalliques et IRM pour applications biomédicales, 45071, Orléans, France
| | | | - Anastasia A Ignatova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyevi Gori 1, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Alexey V Feofanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyevi Gori 1, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Igor Chourpa
- EA6295 'Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes', Université de Tours, 37200, Tours, France
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4
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Stirrat CG, Alam SR, MacGillivray TJ, Gray CD, Dweck MR, Raftis J, Jenkins WS, Wallace WA, Pessotto R, Lim KH, Mirsadraee S, Henriksen PA, Semple SI, Newby DE. Ferumoxytol-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging assessing inflammation after myocardial infarction. Heart 2017. [PMID: 28642288 PMCID: PMC5629948 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-311018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Macrophages play a central role in the cellular inflammatory response to myocardial infarction (MI) and predict subsequent clinical outcomes. We aimed to assess temporal changes in cellular inflammation and tissue oedema in patients with acute MI using ultrasmallsuperparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO)-enhanced MRI. Methods Thirty-one patients were recruited following acute MI and followed up for 3 months with repeated T2 and USPIO-enhanced T2*-mapping MRI. Regions of interest were categorised into infarct, peri-infarct and remote myocardial zones, and compared with control tissues. Results Following a single dose, USPIO enhancement was detected in the myocardium until 24 hours (p<0.0001). Histology confirmed colocalisation of iron and macrophages within the infarcted, but not the non-infarcted, myocardium. Following repeated doses, USPIO uptake in the infarct zone peaked at days 2–3, and greater USPIO uptake was detected in the infarct zone compared with remote myocardium until days 10–16 (p<0.05). In contrast, T2-defined myocardial oedema peaked at days 3–9 and remained increased in the infarct zone throughout the 3-month follow-up period (p<0.01). Conclusion Myocardial macrophage activity can be detected using USPIO-enhanced MRI in the first 2 weeks following acute MI. This observed pattern of cellular inflammation is distinct, and provides complementary information to the more prolonged myocardial oedema detectable using T2 mapping. This imaging technique holds promise as a non-invasive method of assessing and monitoring myocardial cellular inflammation with potential application to diagnosis, risk stratification and assessment of novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic interventions. Trial registration number Trial registration number: 14663. Registered on UK Clinical Research Network (http://public.ukcrn.org.uk) and also ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02319278?term=DECIFER&rank=2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin G Stirrat
- British Heart Foundation/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shirjel R Alam
- British Heart Foundation/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas J MacGillivray
- Clinical Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, USA
| | - Calum D Gray
- Clinical Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Clinical Research Facility, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, USA
| | - Marc R Dweck
- British Heart Foundation/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jennifer Raftis
- British Heart Foundation/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - William Sa Jenkins
- British Heart Foundation/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Renzo Pessotto
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kelvin Hh Lim
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Saeed Mirsadraee
- Clinical Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter A Henriksen
- British Heart Foundation/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Scott Ik Semple
- British Heart Foundation/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Clinical Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David E Newby
- British Heart Foundation/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Clinical Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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5
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Smits LP, Coolen BF, Panno MD, Runge JH, Nijhof WH, Verheij J, Nieuwdorp M, Stoker J, Beuers UH, Nederveen AJ, Stroes ES. Noninvasive Differentiation between Hepatic Steatosis and Steatohepatitis with MR Imaging Enhanced with USPIOs in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Radiology 2016; 278:782-91. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015150952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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6
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Arami H, Khandhar A, Liggitt D, Krishnan KM. In vivo delivery, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:8576-607. [PMID: 26390044 PMCID: PMC4648695 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00541h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been extensively used during the last two decades, either as effective bio-imaging contrast agents or as carriers of biomolecules such as drugs, nucleic acids and peptides for controlled delivery to specific organs and tissues. Most of these novel applications require elaborate tuning of the physiochemical and surface properties of the IONPs. As new IONPs designs are envisioned, synergistic consideration of the body's innate biological barriers against the administered nanoparticles and the short and long-term side effects of the IONPs become even more essential. There are several important criteria (e.g. size and size-distribution, charge, coating molecules, and plasma protein adsorption) that can be effectively tuned to control the in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the IONPs. This paper reviews these crucial parameters, in light of biological barriers in the body, and the latest IONPs design strategies used to overcome them. A careful review of the long-term biodistribution and side effects of the IONPs in relation to nanoparticle design is also given. While the discussions presented in this review are specific to IONPs, some of the information can be readily applied to other nanoparticle systems, such as gold, silver, silica, calcium phosphates and various polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Arami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - Amit Khandhar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - Denny Liggitt
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, 98195
| | - Kannan M. Krishnan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
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7
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Maurizi L, Sakulkhu U, Gramoun A, Vallee JP, Hofmann H. A fast and reproducible method to quantify magnetic nanoparticle biodistribution. Analyst 2014; 139:1184-91. [PMID: 24448415 DOI: 10.1039/c3an02153j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The quantification of nanoparticles, particularly superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), both in vitro and in vivo has become highly important in recent years. Some methods, such as induced coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy and UV-visible chemical titration using Prussian Blue (PB), already exist however they consist of the titration of the whole iron content. These standard methods need sample preparations leading to their destruction and long measurement time. In this study, we used magnetic susceptibility measurements (MSM) to titrate the concentration and biodistribution of magnetic particles in the organs of rats. The advantages of the MSM SPION quantification technique are presented and compared to widely used methods of iron oxide titration such as ICP and PB UV-visible titration. We have demonstrated that MSM is a simpler, faster (1 second per measurement), more reproducible and highly sensitive technique for SPION detection with minimal detection around 2 μgFe mL(-1) without being influenced by neither the SPION coating nor their surrounding environment. Moreover, MSM is a more robust method as it is not affected by endogenous iron facilitating the distinction of SPIONs (iron present as nanoparticles) from background iron in tissues. This advantage allows the decrease of control samples needed in biological studies. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that MSM is a standard method that can be easily setup to determine the biodistribution of SPIONs regardless of their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Maurizi
- Powder Technology Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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8
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Belete A, Metz H, Mueller T, Maeder K. Benchtop MRI for pharmacokinetic evaluation of two aqueous-based nano-scaled formulations of oleic acid stabilized magnetite nanocrystals. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 41:406-14. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.871552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Grudzinski IP, Bystrzejewski M, Cywinska MA, Kosmider A, Poplawska M, Cieszanowski A, Ostrowska A. Cytotoxicity evaluation of carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles in melanoma cells and dermal fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2013; 15:1835. [PMID: 23990753 PMCID: PMC3751228 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-013-1835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles (CEINs) are emerging as promising biomedical tools due to their unique physicochemical properties. In this study, the cytotoxic effect of CEINs (the mean diameter distribution ranges 46-56 nm) has been explored by MTT, LDH leakage, Calcein-AM/propidium iodide (PI) and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays in human melanoma (HTB-140), mouse melanoma (B16-F10) cells, and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). The results demonstrated that CEINs produce mitochondrial and cell membrane cytotoxicities in a dose (0.0001-100 μg/ml)-dependent manner. Moreover, the studies elucidated some differences in cytotoxic effects between CEINs used as raw and purified materials composing of the carbon surface with acidic groups. Experiments showed that HTB-140 cells are more sensitive to prone early apoptotic events due to raw CEINs as compared to B16-F10 or HDF cells, respectively. Taken together, these results suggest that the amount of CEINs administered to cells and the composition of CEINs containing different amounts of iron as well as the carbon surface modification type is critical determinant of cytotoxic responses in both normal and cancer (melanoma) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireneusz P. Grudzinski
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. S. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Bystrzejewski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University, ul. L. Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika A. Cywinska
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. S. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anita Kosmider
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. S. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Poplawska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. S. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Cieszanowski
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. S. Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Analytic Centre, University of Life Sciences SGGW, ul. J. Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
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10
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A noninvasive method to determine the fate of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles following intravenous injection using scanning SQUID biosusceptometry. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48510. [PMID: 23152779 PMCID: PMC3495954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of Fe3O4 have been widely applied in many medical fields, but few studies have clearly shown the outcome of particles following intravenous injection. We performed a magnetic examination using scanning SQUID biosusceptometry (SSB). Based on the results of SSB analysis and those of established in vitro nonmagnetic bioassays, this study proposes a model of MNP metabolism consisting of an acute metabolic phase with an 8 h duration that is followed by a chronic metabolic phase that continues for 28 d following MNP injection. The major features included the delivery of the MNPs to the heart and other organs, the biodegradation of the MNPs in organs rich with macrophages, the excretion of iron metabolites in the urine, and the recovery of the iron load from the liver and the spleen. Increases in serum iron levels following MNP injection were accompanied by increases in the level of transferrin in the serum and the number of circulating red blood cells. Correlations between the in vivo and in vitro test results indicate the feasibility of using SSB examination for the measurement of MNP concentrations, implying future clinical applications of SSB for monitoring the hematological effects of MNP injection.
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11
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Escribano E, Fernández-Pacheco R, Valdivia JG, Ibarra MR, Marquina C, Queralt J. Effect of magnet implant on iron biodistribution of Fe@C nanoparticles in the mouse. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:93-100. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Xu W, Park JY, Kattel K, Ahmad MW, Bony BA, Heo WC, Jin S, Park JW, Chang Y, Kim TJ, Park JA, Do JY, Chae KS, Lee GH. Fluorescein-polyethyleneimine coated gadolinium oxide nanoparticles as T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–cell labeling (CL) dual agents. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21052e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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13
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Jubeli E, Moine L, Vergnaud-Gauduchon J, Barratt G. E-selectin as a target for drug delivery and molecular imaging. J Control Release 2011; 158:194-206. [PMID: 21983284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
E-selectin, also known as CD62E, is a cell adhesion molecule expressed on endothelial cells activated by cytokines. Like other selectins, it plays an important part in inflammation and in the adhesion of metastatic cancer cells to the endothelium. E-selectin recognizes and binds to sialylated carbohydrates present on the surface proteins of certain leukocytes. E-selectin has been chosen as a target for several therapeutic and medical imaging applications, based on its expression in the vicinity of inflammation, infection or cancer. These systems for drug delivery and molecular imaging include immunoconjugates, liposomes, nanoparticles, and microparticles prepared from a wide range of starting materials including lipids, synthetic polymers, polypeptides and organo-metallic structures. After a brief introduction presenting the selectin family and their implication in physiology and pathology, this review focuses on the formulation of these new delivery systems targeting E-selectin at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Jubeli
- Université Paris-Sud 11, Faculté de Pharmacie 5 rue J.B. Clément Chatenay-Malabry, FR 92296, UMR 8612 CNRS, LabEx LERMIT, France
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14
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Bled E, Hassen WB, Pourtau L, Mellet P, Lanz T, Schüler D, Voisin P, Franconi JM, Thiaudière E, Miraux S. Real-time 3D MRI of contrast agents in whole living mice. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2011; 6:275-81. [PMID: 21287680 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A specific mouse whole body coil and a dedicated gradient system at 4.7 T were coupled with an ultra-fast 3D gradient echo MRI and keyhole reconstruction technique to obtain 3D whole-body dynamic T(1)-weighted or T(2)*-weighted imaging. The technique was used to visualize the real-time distribution of non-targeting T(1) and T(2)* contrast agent (CA) in a glioma-bearing mouse model. T(1) dynamic contrast-enhancement imaging was performed with a fast imaging with steady-state precession sequence [echo time/repetition time (TE/TR), 1.32/3.7 ms] before and after CA injection (Gd-DOTA and BSA-Gd-DOTA) for 21 min. The temporal resolution was 1 image/6.5 s. T(2)* imaging (TE/TR, 4/8 ms) was performed before and after iron-based (small and ultra-small particles of iron oxide) CA injection for 45 min. The temporal resolution was 1 image/14 s. Signal-to-noise ratio curves were determined in various mouse organs. The whole-body coil and gradient systems made it possible to acquire data with sufficient and homogeneous signal-to-noise ratio on the whole animal. The spatial resolution allowed adequate depiction of the major organs, blood vessels and brain glioma. The distribution and the time-course of T(1) and T(2)* contrasts upon contrast agent injection were also assessed. 3D whole-body mouse MRI is feasible at high spatial resolution in movie mode and can be applied successfully to visualize real-time contrast agent distribution. This method should be effective in future preclinical molecular imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Bled
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes biologiques, UMR 5536, CNRS/Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146, rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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15
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Wang Q, Su H, Xia C, Sun J, Liu C, Wang Z, Gong Q, Song B, Gao F, Ai H, Gu Z. Amphiphilic dextran/magnetite nanocomposites as magnetic resonance imaging probes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-009-0255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Tate J, Ogden J, Strawbridge R, Pierce Z, Hoopes P. Toxicity and Biodistribution of Activated and Non-activated Intravenous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2009; 7181:71810L. [PMID: 25300674 DOI: 10.1117/12.809830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles in medical treatment has prompted the question of their safety. In this study, the pathophysiology and biodistribution of three different concentrations of intravenously-delivered dextran-coated Fe3O4 iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) were evaluated in mice. Some groups of mice were exposed to an AC magnetic field (AMF) at levels comparable with those proposed for cancer treatments. Iron biodistribution analysis for both AMF and non-AMF treated mice was performed for all three concentrations used (.6 mg Fe/mouse, 1.8 mg Fe/mouse, and 5.6 mg Fe/mouse). Blood urea nitrogen, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total serum protein, and creatinine were also assessed at 4 hours, 7 days, and 14 days post-injection. Histological analysis of lung, spleen, heart, liver, and kidney tissue was conducted at 7 and 14 days post-injection. Prussian blue and H&E stains were used to histomorphometrically assess iron content in the tissues studied. Preliminary results demonstrate small temporary elevation in liver enzymes and hepatocyte vacuolization at all iron concentrations studied. Liver and spleen were the primary sites of IONP deposition. None of the animals demonstrated systemic or local toxicity or illness, with or without AMF activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Tate
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Ja Ogden
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | | | - Ze Pierce
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Pj Hoopes
- Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755 USA ; Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
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Rabias I, Fardis M, Devlin E, Boukos N, Tsitrouli D, Papavassiliou G. No aging phenomena in ferrofluids: the influence of coating on interparticle interactions of maghemite nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2008; 2:977-983. [PMID: 19206495 DOI: 10.1021/nn700414w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The influence of coating on interparticle interactions in ferrofluids has been investigated using various techniques such as Mossbauer spectroscopy, magnetometry, transmission electron microscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron, and resonance micro-Raman spectroscopy. Aging and spin-glass-like behavior was investigated in frozen ferrofluids of various concentrations from dense, initial value of 40 mg of coated nanoparticles per 1 mL of water, to dilute 1:10 (4 mg/mL). The as-prepared nanoparticles, core size 7-8 nm, were subsequently coated with a gummic acid corona of 20 nm thickness, which was observed to prevent agglomeration and to delay aggregation even in dense ferrofluids. The resulting separation of magnetic cores due to the coating eliminated all magnetic interparticle interaction mechanisms, such as exchange and dipoledipole, thus ensuring no aging effects of the magnetic particle system, as manifested in particle agglomeration and precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Rabias
- Institute of Materials Science, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskeui, Athens, Greece.
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Mescam M, Eliat PA, Fauvel C, Certaines JDD, Bézy-Wendling J. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of vascular-extravascular exchanges during liver carcinogenesis: application to MRI contrast agents. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2008; 2:215-28. [PMID: 17874424 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The extraction of physiological parameters by non-invasive imaging techniques such as dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or positron emission tomography requires a knowledge of molecular distribution and exchange between microvascularization and extravascular tissues. These phenomena not only depend on the physicochemical characteristics of the injected molecules but also the pathophysiological state of the targeted organ. We developed a five-compartment physiologically based pharmacokinetic model focused on hepatic carcinogenesis and MRI contrast agents. This model includes physical characteristics of the contrast agent, dual specific liver supply, microvessel wall properties and transport parameters that are compatible with hepatocarcinoma development. The evolution of concentrations in the five compartments showed significant differences in the distribution of three molecules (differentiated by their diameters and diffusion coefficients ranging, respectively, from 0.9 to 62 nm and from 68.10(-9) to 47.10(-7) cm(2) s(-1)) in simulated regeneration nodules and dysplastic nodules, as well as in medium- and poorly differentiated hepatocarcinoma. These results are in agreement with known vascular modifications such as arterialization that occur during hepatocarcinogenesis. This model can be used to study the pharmacokinetics of contrast agents and consequently to extract parameters that are characteristic of the tumor development (like permeability), after fitting simulated to in vivo data.
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Rabias I, Pratsinis H, Drossopoulou G, Fardis M, Maris T, Boukos N, Tsotakos N, Kletsas D, Tsilibary E, Papavassiliou G. In vitro studies on ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with gummic acid for T2 MRI contrast agent. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2007; 1:44104. [PMID: 19693403 PMCID: PMC2717733 DOI: 10.1063/1.2821757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with gummic acid have been investigated as possible constituents of aqueous ferrofluids for biomedical applications and especially for MRI contrast agent. The structural characteristics and the size of the nanoparticles have been analyzed as well as the magnetic properties. In order to evaluate any possible capabilities as a contrast agent, the relaxation time, T2, of hydrogen protons in the colloidal solutions of nanoparticles have been measured in order to gain information on the relaxation behavior compared to other MRI contrast agents. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the obtained magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide coated with gummic acid was investigated by two separate methods (MTT and FACS analysis) and by using three different normal and transformed cell lines. Our results showed that the synthesized nanoparticles had no toxic effect on any of the cell lines used.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Rabias
- Institute of Materials Science, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
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20
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Ma HL, Xu YF, Qi XR, Maitani Y, Nagai T. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized by alginate: pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and applications in detecting liver cancers. Int J Pharm 2007; 354:217-26. [PMID: 18191350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2007] [Revised: 11/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to describe the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPIO) stabilized with alginate (SPIO-alginate), and investigate its potential in detecting liver cancers as a newly developed magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of SPIO-alginate were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. The results showed that SPIO-alginate was eliminated rapidly from serum with the half-life of 0.27 h at 109.5 micromol Fe/kg and accumulated dominantly in liver and spleen with a total percentage of more than 90% of dose after intravenous injection. The studies of pharmacokinetics and distribution of SPIO-alginate in rats indicated the MR contrast agent, based on SPIO, mainly accumulating in targeting organs that contain phagocytosing cells, i.e. liver and spleen. The efficacies in detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of rat with primary liver cancer and xenograft liver cancers of rabbit were investigated before and after injection of SPIO-alginate. The signal intensity of liver parenchyma in rabbit with VX2 tumor after injection of SPIO-alginate was reduced sharply resulting in a significant contrast between liver parenchyma and tumor. Detection of the HCC in rat model was also demonstrated. The present study provides evidence that SPIO-alginate might have the ability to improve the detection of liver tumors as an MR contrast agent, and the efficacy is associated with the SPIO specifically located in Kupffer cells in hepatic sinusoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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21
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Segers J, Laumonier C, Burtea C, Laurent S, Elst LV, Muller RN. From Phage Display to Magnetophage, a New Tool for Magnetic Resonance Molecular Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:1251-8. [PMID: 17521160 DOI: 10.1021/bc060377f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phage display, an extremely promising technology in the context of molecular imaging, allows for the selection of peptides interacting with virtually any target from a heterogeneous mixture of bacteriophages. In this work, we propose the concept of magnetophages, obtained by covalent coupling of ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO) to the proteins of the phage wall. To validate magnetophages as a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent (MRI), we have used as a prototype the clone E3 because of its specific affinity for phosphatidylserine, a marker of apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that E3 magnetophages incubated with phosphatidylserine retained the properties of the nonmagnetically labeled phages. The usefulness of magnetophages as an MRI contrast agent was estimated by incubation with phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine or with apoptotic and control cells. Under these conditions, E3 magnetophages allow the discrimination of phosphatidylserine from phosphatidylcholine and of apoptotic cells from control ones. Injected in vivo, magnetophages are rapidly cleared from the blood stream and internalized by the phagocytic cells of the liver. To abrogate this problem, USPIO were pegylated to obtain stealthy E3-PEG-magnetophages, invisible to phagocytic cells, which were successfully targeted to apoptotic liver. If this feature demonstrated for E3 magnetophages can be extrapolated to other phage display selected entities, magnetophages become an original system which allows validation of the candidate binding peptides before their synthesis is considered. The concept of the magnetophage could be extended to other imaging modalities by replacing USPIO with an adequate reporter (i.e., radiolabeled phages).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Segers
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, 24 Avenue du Champ de Mars, Mons B-7000, Belgium
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Boutry S, Laurent S, Elst LV, Muller RN. Specific E-selectin targeting with a superparamagnetic MRI contrast agent. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2007; 1:15-22. [PMID: 17193596 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of the endothelial inflammatory adhesion molecule E-selectin by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed with a superparamagnetic contrast agent in the context of in vitro and in vivo models of inflammation. The specific contrast agent was obtained by grafting a synthetic mimetic of sialyl Lewis(x) (sLe(x)), a natural ligand of E-selectin expressed on leukocytes, on the dextran coating of ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO). This new contrast agent, called USPIO-g-sLe(x), was tested, in vitro, on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated to express inflammatory adhesion molecules, and in vivo, on a mouse model of hepatitis. In vitro, HUVECs were stimulated with the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and were then incubated with USPIO-g-sLe(x) or ungrafted USPIO. In vivo, hepatitis was induced on NMRI mice by injection of concanavalin A (Con A). USPIO-g-sLe(x) and ungrafted USPIO were injected intravenously. In vitro results showed an extensive retention of USPIO-g-sLe(x) on TNF-alpha stimulated HUVECs. Image intensity and R(2) measurements performed on T(2)-weighted MR images demonstrated a significantly higher binding of USPIO-g-sLe(x) on stimulated HUVECs. In vivo, USPIO are known to pass through the fenestrae of the liver and to be captured by Kupffer cells, inducing a loss of signal intensity on T(2)-weighted MR images. Unexpectedly, when injected to Con A-treated mice, USPIO-g-sLe(x) induced a significantly lower attenuation of liver signal intensity than USPIO or USPIO-g-sLe(x) injected to healthy mice, or USPIO injected to Con A-treated mice, suggesting that the specific contrast media is retained extracellularly by an interaction with E-selectin overexpressed on the vascular endothelium. Both in vitro and in vivo results therefore indicate that USPIO-g-sLe(x) is recognizing endothelial E-selectin. USPIO-g-sLe(x) is thus well suited for the MRI diagnosis of inflammation and for the in vitro evaluation of endothelial cells activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Boutry
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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Bourrinet P, Bengele HH, Bonnemain B, Dencausse A, Idee JM, Jacobs PM, Lewis JM. Preclinical safety and pharmacokinetic profile of ferumoxtran-10, an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide magnetic resonance contrast agent. Invest Radiol 2006; 41:313-24. [PMID: 16481915 DOI: 10.1097/01.rli.0000197669.80475.dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This report presents an overview of preclinical data available on ferumoxtran-10, an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticular contrast agent proposed for lymph node magnetic resonance imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pharmacokinetic, safety pharmacology, single- and repeat-dose toxicity, reproduction toxicity, and genotoxicity studies were performed with ferumoxtran-10 given intravenously (bolus injection) in mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys. RESULTS Ferumoxtran-10 was taken up by macrophages, mostly in liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, within 24 hours after bolus injection and underwent progressive metabolism. Toxicity was observed only at very high exposure levels and mainly was linked to a massive iron load after repeated injections. Ferumoxtran-10 was not mutagenic but was teratogenic in rats and rabbits. DISCUSSION The preclinical pharmacokinetic and safety profile of ferumoxtran-10 appears to be satisfactory in view of its proposed use as a single-dose diagnostic agent in human for MR imaging of lymph nodes.
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Briley-Saebo KC, Johansson LO, Hustvedt SO, Haldorsen AG, Bjørnerud A, Fayad ZA, Ahlstrom HK. Clearance of Iron Oxide Particles in Rat Liver. Invest Radiol 2006; 41:560-71. [PMID: 16772849 DOI: 10.1097/01.rli.0000221321.90261.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the effect of the particle size and coating material of various iron oxide preparations on the rate of rat liver clearance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The following iron oxide formulations were used in this study: dextran-coated ferumoxide (size = 97 nm) and ferumoxtran-10 (size = 21 nm), carboxydextran-coated SHU555A (size = 69 nm) and fractionated SHU555A (size = 12 nm), and oxidized-starch coated materials either unformulated NC100150 (size = 15 nm) or formulated NC100150 injection (size = 12 nm). All formulations were administered to 165 rats at 2 dose levels. Quantitative liver R2* values were obtained during a 63-day time period. The concentration of iron oxide particles in the liver was determined by relaxometry, and these values were used to calculate the particle half-lives in the liver. RESULTS After the administration of a high dose of iron oxide, the half-life of iron oxide particles in rat liver was 8 days for dextran-coated materials, 10 days for carboxydextran materials, 14 days for unformulated oxidized-starch, and 29 days for formulated oxidized-starch. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study indicate that materials with similar coating but different sizes exhibited similar rates of liver clearance. It was, therefore, concluded that the coating material significantly influences the rate of iron oxide clearance in rat liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C Briley-Saebo
- Imaging Science Laboratories, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Kalber TL, Smith CJ, Howe FA, Griffiths JR, Ryan AJ, Waterton JC, Robinson SP. A longitudinal study of R2* and R2 magnetic resonance imaging relaxation rate measurements in murine liver after a single administration of 3 different iron oxide-based contrast agents. Invest Radiol 2006; 40:784-91. [PMID: 16304482 DOI: 10.1097/01.rli.0000188025.66872.e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the duration of R2* and R2 enhancement in murine liver in vivo after administration of a single dose of 3 different iron oxide-based contrast agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine liver R2* and R2 were quantified longitudinally postadministration of 2.5 mgFe/kg ferumoxides, 2.5 mgFe/kg ferumoxytol, 2.5 or 5 mgFe/kg feruglose, or saline over 50 days. Changes in R2* and R2 were evaluated histologically using Perl's staining and by atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS All 3 contrast agents significantly increased liver R2* and R2 4 hours after challenge. After 10 days, R2* and R2 for both the ferumoxides and ferumoxytol cohorts had recovered to saline control levels, whereas the faster R2* and R2 of the feruglose cohort was sustained and significantly faster than control at day 50. Histology revealed feruglose in both Kupffer and endothelial cells, whereas both ferumoxides and ferumoxytol were associated with the Kupffer cells. CONCLUSION Compared with ferumoxides and ferumoxytol, feruglose exhibits prolonged R2* and R2 enhancement of murine liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy L Kalber
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, St. George's, University of London, London, UK
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Gambarota G, Veltien A, van Laarhoven H, Philippens M, Jonker A, Mook OR, Frederiks WM, Heerschap A. Measurements of T1 and T2 relaxation times of colon cancer metastases in rat liver at 7 T. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2004; 17:281-7. [PMID: 15580375 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-004-0068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2004] [Revised: 08/26/2004] [Accepted: 09/16/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of colon cancer metastases in rat liver at 7 T. A dedicated RF microstrip coil of novel design was built in order to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and, in combination with respiratory triggering, to minimize motion artifacts. T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging was performed to follow tumor growth. T1-weighted images provided a good anatomical delineation of the liver structure, while the best contrast between metastases and normal liver tissue was achieved with T2-weighted images. Measurements of T1 and T2 relaxation times were performed with inversion recovery FLASH and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill and inversion recovery FLASH imaging sequences, respectively, for quantitative MR characterization of metastases. Both the T1 and T2 of the metastases were significantly higher than those of normal liver tissue. Further, an increase in the T1 relaxation time of the metastases was observed with tumor growth. These findings suggest that quantitative in vivo MR characterization provides information on tumor development and possibly response to therapy, though additional studies are needed to elucidate the correlation between the changes in relaxation times and tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gambarota
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Briley-Saebø K, Hustvedt SO, Haldorsen A, Bjørnerud A. Long-term imaging effects in rat liver after a single injection of an iron oxide nanoparticle based MR contrast agent. J Magn Reson Imaging 2004; 20:622-31. [PMID: 15390223 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.20175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the duration of liver R2* enhancement and pharmacokinetics following administration of an iron oxide nanoparticle in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were injected with 0, 1, 2, or 5 mg Fe/kg of NC100150 Injection, and quantitative in vivo 1/T2* liver measurements were obtained between 1 and 133 days after injection. The concentration of NC100150 Injection was determined by relaxometry methods in ex vivo rat liver homogenate. RESULTS At all dose levels, 1/T2* remained greater than control values up to 63 days after injection. In the highest dose group, 1/T2* was above control levels during the entire 133 day time-course investigated. There were no quantifiable amounts of NC100150 Injection present 63 days after injection in any of the dose groups. The half-life of NC100150 Injection in rat liver was dose dependent. For the lowest dose group, the degradation of the particles could be defined by a mono-exponential function with a half-life of eight days. For the 2 and 5 mg Fe/kg dose groups, the degradation was bi-exponential with a fast initial decay of seven to eight days followed by a slow terminal decay of 43-46 days. CONCLUSION NC100150 Injection exhibits prolonged 1/T2* enhancement in rat liver. The liver enhancement persisted at time points when the concentration of iron oxide particles present in the liver was below method detection limits. The prolonged 1/T2* enhancement is likely a result of the particle breakdown products and the induction of ferritin and hemosiderin with increasing iron cores/loading factors.
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Wunderbaldinger P, Josephson L, Weissleder R. Crosslinked iron oxides (CLIO): a new platform for the development of targeted MR contrast agents. Acad Radiol 2002; 9 Suppl 2:S304-6. [PMID: 12188255 DOI: 10.1016/s1076-6332(03)80210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Wunderbaldinger
- Center of Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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29
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Current awareness in NMR in biomedicine. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2002; 15:251-262. [PMID: 11968141 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Schellenberger EA, Bogdanov A, Högemann D, Tait J, Weissleder R, Josephson L. Annexin V-CLIO: a nanoparticle for detecting apoptosis by MRI. Mol Imaging 2002; 1:102-7. [PMID: 12920851 DOI: 10.1162/15353500200202103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin V, which recognizes the phosphatidylserine of apoptotic cells, was conjugated to crosslinked iron oxide (CLIO) nanoparticles, a functionalized superparamagnetic preparation developed for target-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The resulting nanoparticle had an average of 2.7 annexin V proteins linked per CLIO nanoparticle through disulfide bonds. Using camptothecin to induce apoptosis, a mixture of Jurkat T cells (69% healthy and 31% apoptotic) was incubated with annexin V-CLIO and was applied to magnetic columns. The result was an almost complete removal of the apoptotic cells (> 99%). In a phantom MRI experiment, untreated control cells (12% apoptotic cells, 88% healthy cells) and camptothecin-treated cells (65% apoptotic cells, 35% healthy cells) were incubated with either annexin V-CLIO (1.0, 0.5, and 0.1 microgram Fe/mL) or with unlabeled CLIO. A significant signal decrease of camptothecin-treated cells relative to untreated cells was observed even at the lowest concentration tested. Unmodified CLIO failed to cause a significant signal change of apoptotic cells. Hence, annexin V-CLIO allowed the identification of cell suspensions containing apoptotic cells by MRI even at very low concentrations of magnetic substrate. Conjugation of annexin V to CLIO affords a strategy for the development of a MRI imaging probe for detecting apoptosis.
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Kircher MF, Josephson L, Weissleder R. Ratio Imaging of Enzyme Activity Using Dual Wavelength Optical Reporters. Mol Imaging 2002; 1:89-95. [PMID: 12920849 DOI: 10.1162/15353500200201124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probes that are activated by specific proteases has, for the first time, allowed enzyme activity to be imaged in vivo. In the current study, we report on a method of imaging enzyme activity using two fluorescent probes that, together, provide improved quantitation of enzymatic activity. The method employs two chemically similar probes that differ in their degradability by cathepsin B. One probe consists of the NIRF dye Cy5.5 attached to a particulate carrier, a crosslinked iron oxide nanoparticle (CLIO), through cathepsin B cleavable l-arginyl peptides. A second probe consists of Cy3.5 attached to a CLIO through proteolytically resistant d-arginyl peptides. Using mixtures of the two probes, we have shown that the ratio of Cy5.5 to Cy3.5 fluorescence can be used to determine levels of cathepsin B in the environment of nanoparticles with macrophages in suspension. After intravenous injection, tissue fluorescence from the nondegradable Cy3.5–d-arginyl probe reflected nanoparticle accumulation, while fluorescence of the Cy5.5–l-arginyl probe was dependent on both accumulation and activation by cathepsin B. Dual wavelength ratio imaging can be used for the quantitative imaging of a variety of enzymes in clinically important settings, while the magnetic properties of the probes allow their detection by MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz F Kircher
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Bldg. 149 13th Street 5406, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
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Wunderbaldinger P, Josephson L, Weissleder R. Tat peptide directs enhanced clearance and hepatic permeability of magnetic nanoparticles. Bioconjug Chem 2002; 13:264-8. [PMID: 11906263 DOI: 10.1021/bc015563u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic nanoparticles have a number of important biomedical applications, serving as MR contrast agents for imaging specific molecular targets, as reagents for cell labeling and cell tracking, and for the isolation of specific classes of cells. We have determined the physical and biological properties of MION-47 and amino-CLIO, nanoparticles which serve as precursors for the synthesis of targeted MR contrast agents, and Tat-CLIO, a nanoparticle used as a cell labeling reagent. Blood half-lives for MION-47 and amino-CLIO were 682 +/- 34 and 655 +/- 37 min, respectively. The attachment of 9.7 tat peptides per crystal to amino-CLIO resulted in a reduction in blood half-life to 47 +/- 6 min. MION-47, amino-CLIO, and Tat-CLIO were present in highest concentrations in liver and spleen and lymph nodes, where concentrations for all three nanoparticles ranged from 8.80 to 6.11% of injected dose per gram. Twenty-four hours after the intravenous injection of amino-CLIO, the nanoparticle was concentrated in cells surrounding hepatic blood vessels (endothelial and Kupffer cells), in a fashion similar to that obtained with other nanoparticle preparations. In contrast, Tat-CLIO was present as numerous discrete foci of intense fluorescence throughout the parenchyma. Using the peptide as a component of future nanoparticles, it might be possible to design sensors for the detection of macromolecules present in intracellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Wunderbaldinger
- Center of Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussets, USA
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Malecki M, Hsu A, Truong L, Sanchez S. Molecular immunolabeling with recombinant single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies designed with metal-binding domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:213-8. [PMID: 11756693 PMCID: PMC117541 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.261567298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2001] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the molecular structure and function of gene products in situ, we developed a molecular immunolabeling technology. Starting with cDNA from hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against biotin, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, we bioengineered recombinant single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFv) and their derivatives containing metal-binding domains (scFv:MBD). As tested with surface plasmon resonance and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, affinity binding constants of the scFv (5.21 x 10(6) M(-1)) and scFv:MBD (4.17 x 10(6) M(-1)) were close to those of Fab proteolytic fragments (9.78 x 10(6) M(-1)) derived from the parental IgG antibodies. After saturation of MBD with nickel or cobalt, scFv:MBD was imaged with electron spectroscopic imaging at each element's specific energy loss, thus generating the element's map. Immunolabeling with scFv:MBD resulted in a significant improvement of the labeling fidelity over that obtained with Fab or IgG derivatives, as it produced a much heavier specific labeling and label-free background. As determined with radioimmunoassay, labeling effectiveness with scFv:MBD was nearly the same as with scFv, but much higher than with scFv conjugated to colloidal gold, Nanogold, or horseradish peroxidase. This technology opens possibilities for simultaneous imaging of multiple molecules labeled with scFv:MBD at the molecular resolution within the same sample with electron spectroscopic imaging. Moreover, the same scFv:MBD can also be imaged with fluorescence resonance energy transfer and lifetime imaging as well as positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, this technology may serve as an integrative factor in life science endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Malecki
- Molecular Imaging Laboratories, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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