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Risacher SL, Apostolova LG. Neuroimaging in Dementia. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2023; 29:219-254. [PMID: 36795879 DOI: 10.1212/con.0000000000001248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurodegenerative diseases are significant health concerns with regard to morbidity and social and economic hardship around the world. This review describes the state of the field of neuroimaging measures as biomarkers for detection and diagnosis of both slowly progressing and rapidly progressing neurodegenerative diseases, specifically Alzheimer disease, vascular cognitive impairment, dementia with Lewy bodies or Parkinson disease dementia, frontotemporal lobar degeneration spectrum disorders, and prion-related diseases. It briefly discusses findings in these diseases in studies using MRI and metabolic and molecular-based imaging (eg, positron emission tomography [PET] and single-photon emission computerized tomography [SPECT]). LATEST DEVELOPMENTS Neuroimaging studies with MRI and PET have demonstrated differential patterns of brain atrophy and hypometabolism in different neurodegenerative disorders, which can be useful in differential diagnoses. Advanced MRI sequences, such as diffusion-based imaging, and functional MRI (fMRI) provide important information about underlying biological changes in dementia and new directions for development of novel measures for future clinical use. Finally, advancements in molecular imaging allow clinicians and researchers to visualize dementia-related proteinopathies and neurotransmitter levels. ESSENTIAL POINTS Diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is primarily based on symptomatology, although the development of in vivo neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers is changing the scope of clinical diagnosis, as well as the research into these devastating diseases. This article will help inform the reader about the current state of neuroimaging in neurodegenerative diseases, as well as how these tools might be used for differential diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Risacher
- Address correspondence to Dr Shannon L. Risacher, 355 W 16th St, Indianapolis, IN 46202,
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Nafe R, Arendt CT, Hattingen E. Human prion diseases and the prion protein - what is the current state of knowledge? Transl Neurosci 2023; 14:20220315. [PMID: 37854584 PMCID: PMC10579786 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases and the prion protein are only partially understood so far in many aspects. This explains the continued research on this topic, calling for an overview on the current state of knowledge. The main objective of the present review article is to provide a comprehensive up-to-date presentation of all major features of human prion diseases bridging the gap between basic research and clinical aspects. Starting with the prion protein, current insights concerning its physiological functions and the process of pathological conversion will be highlighted. Diagnostic, molecular, and clinical aspects of all human prion diseases will be discussed, including information concerning rare diseases like prion-associated amyloidoses and Huntington disease-like 1, as well as the question about a potential human threat due to the transmission of prions from prion diseases of other species such as chronic wasting disease. Finally, recent attempts to develop future therapeutic strategies will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhold Nafe
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinics of Johann Wolfgang-Goethe University, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christophe T. Arendt
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinics of Johann Wolfgang-Goethe University, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elke Hattingen
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinics of Johann Wolfgang-Goethe University, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Nakaie M, Katayama F, Nakagaki T, Yoshida S, Kawasaki M, Nishi K, Ogawa K, Toriba A, Nishida N, Nakayama M, Fuchigami T. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2-(Benzofuran-2-yl)-chromone Derivatives for In Vivo Imaging of Prion Deposits in the Brain. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1869-1882. [PMID: 35969484 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders caused by the deposition of scrapie prion protein aggregates (PrPSc) in the brain. We previously reported that styrylchromone (SC) and benzofuran (BF) derivatives have potential as imaging probes for PrPSc. To further improve their properties, we designed and synthesized 2-(benzofuran-2-yl)-chromone (BFC) derivatives hybridized with SC and BF backbones as novel single-photon emission computed tomography probes for the detection of cerebral PrPSc deposits. Recombinant mouse prion protein (rMoPrP) aggregates and mouse-adapted bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mBSE)-infected mice were used to evaluate the binding properties of BFC derivatives to PrPSc. The BFC derivatives exhibited high binding affinities (equilibrium dissociation constant [Kd] = 22.6-47.7 nM) for rMoPrP aggregates. All BFC derivatives showed remarkable selectivity against amyloid beta aggregates. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed that the fluorescence signals of the BFC derivatives corresponded to the antibody-positive deposits of PrPSc in mBSE-infected mouse brains. Among the BFC derivatives, [125I]BFC-OMe and [125I]BFC-NH2 exhibited high brain uptake and favorable washout from the mouse brain. In vitro autoradiography demonstrated that the distribution of [125I]BFC-OMe in the brain tissues of mBSE-infected mice was colocalized with PrPSc deposits. Taken together, BFC derivatives appear to be promising prion imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Nakaie
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Katayama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nakagaki
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Sakura Yoshida
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masao Kawasaki
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Kodai Nishi
- Department of Radioisotope Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kazuma Ogawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.,Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akira Toriba
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Morio Nakayama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fuchigami
- Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Sciences, Graduate School, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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Nakaie M, Katayama F, Nakagaki T, Kawasaki M, Yoshida S, Toriba A, Ogawa K, Nishida N, Nakayama M, Fuchigami T. Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyethylamino- and Pyridyl-Substituted 2-Vinyl Chromone Derivatives for Detection of Cerebral Abnormal Prion Protein Deposits. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:211-219. [PMID: 35228385 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the deposition of abnormal prion protein aggregates (PrPSc) in the brain. In this study, we developed hydroxyethylamino-substituted styrylchromone (SC) and 2-(2-(pyridin-3-yl)vinyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (VPC) derivatives for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of PrPSc deposits in the brain. The binding affinity of these compounds was evaluated using recombinant mouse prion protein (rMoPrP) aggregates, which resulted in the inhibition constant (Ki) value of 61.5 and 88.0 nM for hydroxyethyl derivative, (E)-2-(4-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)styryl)-6-iodo-4H-chromen-4-one (SC-NHEtOH) and (E)-2-(4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)styryl)-6-iodo-4H-chromen-4-one (SC-NMeEtOH), respectively. However, none of the VPC derivatives showed binding affinity for the rMoPrP aggregates. Fluorescent imaging demonstrated that the accumulation pattern of SC-NHEtOH matched with the presence of PrPSc in the brain slices from mouse-adapted bovine spongiform encephalopathy-infected mice. A biodistribution study of normal mice indicated low initial brain uptake of [125I]SC-NHEtOH (0.88% injected dose/g (% ID/g) at 2 min) despite favorable washout from the brain (0.26% ID/g, at 180 min) was displayed. [125I]SC-NHEtOH exhibited binding affinities to both artificial prion aggregates as well as prion deposits in the brain. However, significant improvement in the binding affinity for PrPSc and blood-brain barrier permeability is necessary for the development of successful in vivo imaging probes for the detection of cerebral PrPSc in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Nakaie
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Fumihiro Katayama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Takehiro Nakagaki
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Masao Kawasaki
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Sakura Yoshida
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Akira Toriba
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Kazuma Ogawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University.,Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University
| | - Noriyuki Nishida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Morio Nakayama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Takeshi Fuchigami
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University.,Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
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Fuchigami T, Kawasaki M, Watanabe H, Nakagaki T, Nishi K, Sano K, Atarashi R, Nakaie M, Yoshida S, Ono M, Nishida N, Nakayama M. Feasibility studies of radioiodinated pyridyl benzofuran derivatives as potential SPECT imaging agents for prion deposits in the brain. Nucl Med Biol 2020; 90-91:41-48. [PMID: 32979726 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders caused by the deposition of abnormal prion protein aggregates (PrPSc) in the central nervous system. This study aimed to evaluate the use of iodinated pyridyl benzofuran (IPBF) derivatives as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) probes for the detection of cerebral PrPSc deposits. METHODS In vitro binding assays of IPBF derivatives were carried out in the recombinant mouse prion protein (rMoPrP) and brain sections of mouse-adapted bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mBSE)-infected mice. SPECT imaging of 5-(5-[123I]iodobenzofuran-2-yl)-N-methylpyridin-2-amine ([123I]IPBF-NHMe) was performed on mBSE-infected and mock-infected mice. RESULTS Fluorescence microscopy results showed that fluorescence signals of IPBF derivatives corresponded to the thioflavin-T positive amyloid deposits of PrPSc in the brain sections of mouse-adapted bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mBSE)-infected mice. Among the IPBF derivatives, 5-(5-iodobenzofuran-2-yl)-N-methylpyridin-2-amine (IPBF-NHMe) exhibited the highest binding affinity to the recombinant mouse prion protein (rMoPrP) aggregates with a Ki of 14.3 nM. SPECT/computed tomography (CT) imaging and ex vivo autoradiography demonstrated that the [123I]IPBF-NHMe distribution in brain tissues of mBSE-infected mice co-localized with PrPSc deposits. CONCLUSION [123I]IPBF-NHMe appears to be a prospective SPECT tracer for monitoring prion deposits in living brain tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fuchigami
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Masao Kawasaki
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nakagaki
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kodai Nishi
- Department of Radioisotope Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, 814-0180 Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Atarashi
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Mari Nakaie
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Sakura Yoshida
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Morio Nakayama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
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Ascari LM, Rocha SC, Gonçalves PB, Vieira TCRG, Cordeiro Y. Challenges and Advances in Antemortem Diagnosis of Human Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:585896. [PMID: 33195151 PMCID: PMC7606880 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.585896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as prion diseases, arise from the structural conversion of the monomeric, cellular prion protein (PrPC) into its multimeric scrapie form (PrPSc). These pathologies comprise a group of intractable, rapidly evolving neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, a definitive diagnosis of TSE relies on the detection of PrPSc and/or the identification of pathognomonic histological features in brain tissue samples, which are usually obtained postmortem or, in rare cases, by brain biopsy (antemortem). Over the past two decades, several paraclinical tests for antemortem diagnosis have been developed to preclude the need for brain samples. Some of these alternative methods have been validated and can provide a probable diagnosis when combined with clinical evaluation. Paraclinical tests include in vitro cell-free conversion techniques, such as the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), as well as immunoassays, electroencephalography (EEG), and brain bioimaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whose importance has increased over the years. PrPSc is the main biomarker in TSEs, and the RT-QuIC assay stands out for its ability to detect PrPSc in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), olfactory mucosa, and dermatome skin samples with high sensitivity and specificity. Other biochemical biomarkers are the proteins 14-3-3, tau, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), astroglial protein S100B, α-synuclein, and neurofilament light chain protein (NFL), but they are not specific for TSEs. This paper reviews the techniques employed for definite diagnosis, as well as the clinical and paraclinical methods for possible and probable diagnosis, both those in use currently and those no longer employed. We also discuss current criteria, challenges, and perspectives for TSE diagnosis. An early and accurate diagnosis may allow earlier implementation of strategies to delay or stop disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M. Ascari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stephanie C. Rocha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscila B. Gonçalves
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tuane C. R. G. Vieira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yraima Cordeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Alsiary RA, Alghrably M, Saoudi A, Al-Ghamdi S, Jaremko L, Jaremko M, Emwas AH. Using NMR spectroscopy to investigate the role played by copper in prion diseases. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2389-2406. [PMID: 32328835 PMCID: PMC7419355 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that develop as a result of the conformational conversion of normal prion protein (PrPC) to the disease-associated isoform (PrPSc). The mechanism that actually causes disease remains unclear. However, the mechanism underlying the conformational transformation of prion protein is partially understood-in particular, there is strong evidence that copper ions play a significant functional role in prion proteins and in their conformational conversion. Various models of the interaction of copper ions with prion proteins have been proposed for the Cu (II)-binding, cell-surface glycoprotein known as prion protein (PrP). Changes in the concentration of copper ions in the brain have been associated with prion diseases and there is strong evidence that copper plays a significant functional role in the conformational conversion of PrP. Nevertheless, because copper ions have been shown to have both a positive and negative effect on prion disease onset, the role played by Cu (II) ions in these diseases remains a topic of debate. Because of the unique properties of paramagnetic Cu (II) ions in the magnetic field, their interactions with PrP can be tracked even at single atom resolution using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Various NMR approaches have been utilized to study the kinetic, thermodynamic, and structural properties of Cu (II)-PrP interactions. Here, we highlight the different models of copper interactions with PrP with particular focus on studies that use NMR spectroscopy to investigate the role played by copper ions in prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawiah A. Alsiary
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mawadda Alghrably
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhamid Saoudi
- Oncology, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Al-Ghamdi
- Oncology, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lukasz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Harvey HB, Watson LC, Subramaniam RM, Burns J, Bykowski J, Chakraborty S, Ledbetter LN, Lee RK, Pannell JS, Pollock JM, Powers WJ, Rosenow JM, Shih RY, Slavin K, Utukuri PS, Corey AS. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Movement Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Am Coll Radiol 2020; 17:S175-S187. [PMID: 32370961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Movement disorders and neurodegenerative diseases are a variety of conditions that involve progressive neuronal degeneration, injury, or death. Establishing the correct diagnosis of a movement disorder or neurodegenerative process can be difficult due to the variable features of these conditions, unusual clinical presentations, and overlapping symptoms and characteristics. MRI has an important role in the initial assessment of these patients, although a combination of imaging and laboratory and genetic tests is often needed for complete evaluation and management. This document summarizes the imaging appropriateness data for rapidly progressive dementia, chorea, Parkinsonian syndromes, suspected neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, and suspected motor neuron disease. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer reviewed journals and the application of well-established methodologies (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE) to rate the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where evidence is lacking or equivocal, expert opinion may supplement the available evidence to recommend imaging or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura C Watson
- Research Author, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Judah Burns
- Panel Chair, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Santanu Chakraborty
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and the Department of Radiology, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Canadian Association of Radiologists
| | | | - Ryan K Lee
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey S Pannell
- University of California San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California
| | | | - William J Powers
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; American Academy of Neurology
| | - Joshua M Rosenow
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Neurosurgery expert
| | - Robert Y Shih
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Amanda S Corey
- Specialty Chair, Atlanta VA Health Care System and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Fuchigami T, Kawasaki M, Koyama R, Nakaie M, Nakagaki T, Sano K, Atarashi R, Yoshida S, Haratake M, Ono M, Nishida N, Nakayama M. Development of Radioiodinated Benzofuran Derivatives for in Vivo Imaging of Prion Deposits in the Brain. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:2003-2013. [PMID: 30875466 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders associated with the deposition of abnormal prion protein aggregates (PrPSc) in the brain tissue. Here, we report the development of 125I-labeled iodobenzofuran (IBF) derivatives as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging probes to detect cerebral PrPSc deposits. We synthesized and radioiodinated several 5-IBF and 6-IBF derivatives. The IBF derivatives were evaluated as prion imaging probes using recombinant mouse prion protein (rMoPrP) aggregates and brain sections of mouse-adapted bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mBSE)-infected mice. Although all the IBF derivatives were strongly adsorbed on the rMoPrP aggregates, [125I]5-IBF-NHMe displayed the highest adsorption rate and potent binding affinity with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 12.3 nM. Fluorescence imaging using IBF-NHMe showed clear signals of the PrPSc-positive amyloid deposits in the mBSE-infected mouse brains. Biodistribution studies in normal mice demonstrated slow uptake and clearance from the brain of 125I-IBF derivatives. Among the derivatives, [125I]6-IBF-NH2 showed the highest peak brain uptake [2.59% injected dose (ID)/g at 10 min] and good clearance (0.51% ID/g at 180 min). Although the brain distribution of IBF derivatives should still be optimized for in vivo imaging, these compounds showed prospective binding properties to PrPSc. Further chemical modification of these IBF derivatives may contribute to the discovery of clinically applicable prion imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fuchigami
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masao Kawasaki
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Koyama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Mari Nakaie
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nakagaki
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Atarashi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Sakura Yoshida
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Mamoru Haratake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Morio Nakayama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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Vitali P, Palesi F, Cotta Ramusino M, Pan M, Costa A, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott C, Ceroni M, Micieli G, Anzalone N, Giaccone G, Tagliavini F, Geschwind M. Early cortical and late striatal diffusion restriction on 3T MRI in a long-lived sporadic creutzfeldt-jakob disease case. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:1659-1662. [PMID: 30912188 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Vitali
- Neuroradiology, Brain MRI 3T Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fulvia Palesi
- Neuroradiology, Brain MRI 3T Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Cotta Ramusino
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marina Pan
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Costa
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Mauro Ceroni
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta Anzalone
- Brain MRI 3T Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Neuroradiology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Division of Neuropathology, Neurology 5, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Division of Neuropathology, Neurology 5, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Presenting as Expressive Aphasia and Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus. Case Rep Crit Care 2018; 2018:5053175. [PMID: 29666711 PMCID: PMC5832162 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5053175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), the most common form of human prion diseases, is a fatal condition with a mortality rate reaching 85% within one year of clinical presentation. CJD is characterized by rapidly progressive neurological deterioration in combination with typical electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and positive cerebrospinal spinal fluid (CSF) analysis for 14-3-3 proteins. Unfortunately, CJD can have atypical clinical and radiological presentation in approximately 10% of cases, thus making the diagnosis often challenging. We report a rare clinical presentation of sporadic CJD (sCJD) with combination of both expressive aphasia and nonconvulsive status epilepticus. This patient presented with slurred speech, confusion, myoclonus, headaches, and vertigo and succumbed to his disease within ten weeks of initial onset of his symptoms. He had a normal initial diagnostic workup, but subsequent workup initiated due to persistent clinical deterioration revealed CJD with typical MRI, EEG, and CSF findings. Other causes of rapidly progressive dementia and encephalopathy were ruled out. Though a rare condition, we recommend consideration of CJD on patients with expressive aphasia, progressive unexplained neurocognitive decline, and refractory epileptiform activity seen on EEG. Frequent reimaging (MRI, video EEGs) and CSF examination might help diagnose this fatal condition earlier.
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Bagyinszky E, Giau VV, Youn YC, An SSA, Kim S. Characterization of mutations in PRNP (prion) gene and their possible roles in neurodegenerative diseases. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:2067-2085. [PMID: 30147320 PMCID: PMC6097508 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s165445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal prion proteins are responsible for several fatal neurodegenerative diseases in humans and in animals, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease, and fatal familial insomnia. Genetics is important in prion diseases, but in the most cases, cause of diseases remained unknown. Several mutations were found to be causative for prion disorders, and the effect of mutations may be heterogeneous. In addition, different prion mutations were suggested to play a possible role in additional phenotypes, such as Alzheimer's type pathology, spongiform encephalopathy, or frontotemporal dementia. Pathogenic nature of several prion mutations remained unclear, such as M129V and E219K. These two polymorphic sites were suggested as either risk factors for different disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), variant CJD, or protease-sensitive prionopathy, and they can also be disease-modifying factors. Pathological overlap may also be possible with AD or progressive dementia, and several patients with prion mutations were initially diagnosed with AD. This review also introduces briefly the diagnosis of prion diseases and the issues with their diagnosis. Since prion diseases have quite heterogeneous phenotypes, a complex analysis, a combination of genetic screening, cerebrospinal fluid biomarker analysis and imaging technologies could improve the early disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea,
| | - Vo Van Giau
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea,
| | - Young Chul Youn
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea,
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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13
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Altered rPrP substrate structures and their influence on real-time quaking induced conversion reactions. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 143:20-27. [PMID: 29031681 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterially-produced recombinant prion protein (rPrP) has traditionally been used for in vitro fibrillation assays and reagent development for prion disease research. In recent years, it has also been used as a substrate for real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), a very sensitive method of detecting the presence of the misfolded, disease-associated isoform of the prion protein (PrPd). Multi-centre trials have demonstrated that RT-QuIC is a suitably reliable and robust technique for clinical practice; however, in the absence of a commercial supplier of rPrP as a substrate for RT-QuIC, laboratories have been required to independently generate this key component of the assay. No harmonized method for producing the protein has been agreed upon, in part due to the variety of substrates that have been applied in RT-QuIC. METHODS This study examines the effects of two different rPrP refolding protocols on the production, QuIC performance, and structure characteristics of two constructs of rPrP commonly used in QuIC: full length hamster and a sheep-hamster chimeric rPrP. RESULTS Under the described conditions, the best performing substrate was the chimeric sheep-hamster rPrP produced by shorter guanidine-HCl exposure and faster gradient elution. CONCLUSIONS The observation that different rPrP production protocols influence QuIC performance indicates that caution should be exercised when comparing inter-laboratory QuIC results.
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14
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Fragoso DC, Gonçalves Filho ALDM, Pacheco FT, Barros BR, Aguiar Littig I, Nunes RH, Maia Júnior ACM, da Rocha AJ. Imaging of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: Imaging Patterns and Their Differential Diagnosis. Radiographics 2017; 37:234-257. [PMID: 28076012 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2017160075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) remains a challenge because of the large variability of the clinical scenario, especially in its early stages, which may mimic several reversible or treatable disorders. The molecular basis of prion disease, as well as its brain propagation and the pathogenesis of the illness, have become better understood in recent decades. Several reports have listed recognizable clinical features and paraclinical tests to supplement the replicable diagnostic criteria in vivo. Nevertheless, we lack specific data about the differential diagnosis of CJD at imaging, mainly regarding those disorders evolving with similar clinical features (mimicking disorders). This review provides an update on the neuroimaging patterns of sCJD, emphasizing the relevance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, summarizing the clinical scenario and molecular basis of the disease, and highlighting clinical, genetic, and imaging correlations in different subtypes of prion diseases. A long list of differential diagnoses produces a comprehensive pictorial review, with the aim of enabling radiologists to identify typical and atypical patterns of sCJD. This review reinforces distinguishable imaging findings and confirms diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) features as pivotal in the diagnostic workup of sCJD, as these findings enable radiologists to reliably recognize this rare but invariably lethal disease. A probable diagnosis is justified when expected MR imaging patterns are demonstrated and CJD-mimicking disorders are confidently ruled out. ©RSNA, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Cardoso Fragoso
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Serviço de Diagnostico por Imagem, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Jr. 112, Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo-SP 01221-020, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., B.R.B., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.); and Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.)
| | - Augusto Lio da Mota Gonçalves Filho
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Serviço de Diagnostico por Imagem, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Jr. 112, Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo-SP 01221-020, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., B.R.B., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.); and Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.)
| | - Felipe Torres Pacheco
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Serviço de Diagnostico por Imagem, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Jr. 112, Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo-SP 01221-020, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., B.R.B., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.); and Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.)
| | - Bernardo Rodi Barros
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Serviço de Diagnostico por Imagem, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Jr. 112, Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo-SP 01221-020, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., B.R.B., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.); and Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.)
| | - Ingrid Aguiar Littig
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Serviço de Diagnostico por Imagem, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Jr. 112, Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo-SP 01221-020, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., B.R.B., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.); and Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.)
| | - Renato Hoffmann Nunes
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Serviço de Diagnostico por Imagem, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Jr. 112, Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo-SP 01221-020, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., B.R.B., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.); and Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.)
| | - Antônio Carlos Martins Maia Júnior
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Serviço de Diagnostico por Imagem, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Jr. 112, Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo-SP 01221-020, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., B.R.B., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.); and Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.)
| | - Antonio J da Rocha
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Serviço de Diagnostico por Imagem, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Cesario Motta Jr. 112, Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo-SP 01221-020, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., B.R.B., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.); and Division of Neuroradiology, Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Sao Paulo, Brazil (D.C.F., A.L.d.M.G.F., F.T.P., I.A.L., R.H.N., A.C.M.M.J., A.J.d.R.)
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Kawasaki M, Fuchigami T, Kobashi N, Nakagaki T, Sano K, Atarashi R, Yoshida S, Haratake M, Nishida N, Nakayama M. Development of radioiodinated acridine derivatives for in vivo imaging of prion deposits in the brain. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:1085-1093. [PMID: 28041803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are caused by deposition of abnormal prion protein aggregates (PrPSc) in the central nervous system. This study aimed to develop in vivo imaging probes that can detect cerebral PrPSc deposits. We synthesized several quinacrine-based acridine (AC) derivatives with 2,9-substitution and radioiodinated them. The AC derivatives were evaluated as prion-imaging probes using recombinant mouse prion protein (rMoPrP) aggregates and brain sections of mouse-adapted bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mBSE)-infected mice. The distribution of these compounds in mice was also evaluated. The 2-methoxy derivative [125I]2 exhibited the highest binding affinity for rMoPrP aggregates with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) value of 43.4nM. Fluorescence imaging with 2 showed clear signals at the thioflavin T (ThT)-positive amyloid deposits in the mBSE-infected mouse brain. Although a discrepancy was observed between the in vitro binding of AC derivatives to the aggregates and in vivo distribution of these compounds in the brain and we failed to identify prospective prion-imaging probes in this study, the AC derivatives may be considered a useful scaffold for the development of in vivo imaging probes. Further chemical modification of these AC derivatives may discover clinically applicable prion imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Kawasaki
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fuchigami
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Nobuya Kobashi
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nakagaki
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Atarashi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Sakura Yoshida
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Mamoru Haratake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Morio Nakayama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
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16
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Chen Y, Xing XW, Zhang JT, Wang RX, Zhao W, Tan QC, Liu RZ, Wang XQ, Huang XS, Yu SY. Autoimmune encephalitis mimicking sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A retrospective study. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 295-296:1-8. [PMID: 27235341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis associated with anti-voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies are most likely to be misdiagnosed as sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). Our goal was to delineate patients who were initially suspected to have CJD but were later found to have AE. We performed a retrospective clinical review of cases of individuals and made a comparison between groups of patients diagnosed with sCJD and AE. Patients who had rapidly progressing dementia and focal neurological impairment, such as aphasia, gait disturbance, visual disturbance, and depression, at onset were diagnosed with sCJD, whereas epilepsy, hyponatremia and dysautonomia were strong hints for AE. Fluoroscope-positron emission tomography (PET) of patients with AE revealed variable metabolism and normative and long-term immunosuppression were less likely to relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Xiao-Wei Xing
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Jia-Tang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Ruo-Xi Wang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Qing-Che Tan
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Ruo-Zhuo Liu
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Xiang-Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Xu-Sheng Huang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Sheng-Yuan Yu
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
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17
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Prieto E, Domínguez-Prado I, Riverol M, Ortega-Cubero S, Ribelles MJ, Luquin MR, de Castro P, Arbizu J. Metabolic patterns in prion diseases: an FDG PET voxel-based analysis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 42:1522-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-015-3090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders leading to dementia are common diseases that affect many older and some young adults. Neuroimaging methods are important tools for assessing and monitoring pathological brain changes associated with progressive neurodegenerative conditions. In this review, the authors describe key findings from neuroimaging studies (magnetic resonance imaging and radionucleotide imaging) in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prodromal stages, familial and atypical AD syndromes, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with and without dementia, Parkinson's disease with and without dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, and prion protein associated diseases (i.e., Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease). The authors focus on neuroimaging findings of in vivo pathology in these disorders, as well as the potential for neuroimaging to provide useful information for differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L. Risacher
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, and Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, and Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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19
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Matsuo K, Saburi M, Ishikawa H, Tei K, Hosokawa Y, Fujii C, Mizuno T, Nakagawa M. Sjögren syndrome presenting with encephalopathy mimicking Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. J Neurol Sci 2013; 326:100-3. [PMID: 23333237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A 61-year-old man developed subacute progressive dementia, general fatigue, a tonic-clonic seizure, and a decreased level of consciousness. He had a past history of chronic hepatitis type C and was diagnosed as having hepatic encephalopathy due to hyperammonemia. His level of consciousness did not improve even though the serum ammonia level improved. In addition, he had repeated general myoclonic seizures. Head MRI (diffusion-weighted imaging) showed high signal intensities in the right thalamus and the cerebral cortices in the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes (predominantly on the right side). An electroencephalogram (EEG) showed periodic lateralized epileptic discharges (PLEDs). Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed high total tau protein and 14-3-3 protein levels. This case was diagnosed as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) based on these clinical data. However, the patient gradually improved without specific treatment. The differential diagnosis was reconsidered, and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and positive serum anti-SS-A and anti-SS-B antibodies were noted. A diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome (SjS) was finally made based on a biopsy of a minor salivary gland showing infiltration of lymphocytes around the gland ducts. Steroid therapy (prednisolone 40mg/day orally) was given, and his clinical condition improved. The lesions on the head MRI decreased, and the EEG findings normalized. This case suggests that SjS has a wide spectrum, including neurological disorders, and that SjS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of CJD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushun Matsuo
- Division of Neurology, Ohmihachiman Community Medical Center, Japan.
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20
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Román G, Pascual B. Contribution of Neuroimaging to the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia. Arch Med Res 2012; 43:671-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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