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Klietz M, Elaman MH, Mahmoudi N, Nösel P, Ahlswede M, Wegner F, Höglinger GU, Lanfermann H, Ding XQ. Cerebral Microstructural Alterations in Patients With Early Parkinson's Disease Detected With Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Measurements. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:763331. [PMID: 34790113 PMCID: PMC8591214 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.763331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. In early stages of PD, patients typically display normal brain magnet resonance imaging (MRI) in routine screening. Advanced imaging approaches are necessary to discriminate early PD patients from healthy controls. In this study, microstructural changes in relevant brain regions of early PD patients were investigated by using quantitative MRI methods. Methods: Cerebral MRI at 3T was performed on 20 PD patients in early stages and 20 age and sex matched healthy controls. Brain relative proton density, T1, T2, and T2′ relaxation times were measured in 14 regions of interest (ROIs) in each hemisphere and compared between patients and controls to estimate PD related alterations. Results: In comparison to matched healthy controls, the PD patients revealed decreased relative proton density in contralateral prefrontal subcortical area, upper and lower pons, in ipsilateral globus pallidus, and bilaterally in splenium corporis callosi, caudate nucleus, putamen, thalamus, and mesencephalon. The T1 relaxation time was increased in contralateral prefrontal subcortical area and centrum semiovale, putamen, nucleus caudatus and mesencephalon, whereas T2 relaxation time was elevated in upper pons bilaterally and in centrum semiovale ipsilaterally. T2′ relaxation time did not show significant changes. Conclusion: Early Parkinson’s disease is associated with a distinct profile of brain microstructural changes which may relate to clinical symptoms. The quantitative MR method used in this study may be useful in early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Limitations of this study include a small sample size and manual selection of the ROIs. Atlas-based or statistical mapping methods would be an alternative for an objective evaluation. More studies are necessary to validate the measurement methods for clinical use in diagnostics of early Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Klietz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - M Handan Elaman
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Nima Mahmoudi
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Patrick Nösel
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mareike Ahlswede
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Heinrich Lanfermann
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Xiao-Qi Ding
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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Cheng X, Hao Z, Chu S, Zhang T, Cong C, Liu L, Zhang W, Gu J, Ni S, Wang D, Gao D. Plasmonic enhanced enzyme activity by catalytic cascade induced mutual benefit tumor starvation/immune/photothermal therapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:6116-6125. [PMID: 34519735 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00551k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Single tumor starvation therapy can activate other signaling pathways in tumor cells and easily induce tumor cell metastasis. This research proposes an intelligent nanoparticle, which is effectively combined with plasmonic and immunotherapy to realize a new strategy of "upstream consumption and downstream blocking" of nutrients in tumor sites. The intelligent nanoparticle (Ag-G/C@M) was composed of Ag NCs loaded with glucose oxidase (GOx), catalase (CAT) and coated with the tumor cytomembrane (M). Homologous targeting of tumor cytomembrane facilitated more delivery of Ag-G/C@M to tumor sites and then the plasmonic excited from Ag-G/C@M can increase the catalytic efficiency of the enzymatic reaction. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by Ag-G/C@M through the consumption of glucose is further catalyzed by CAT to produce oxygen (O2). This self-reinforcing cascade reaction not only consumes the nutrients of tumor cells, but also the plasmonic-induced photothermal therapy can further stimulate the immune system to produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ), blocking angiogenesis and restricting the nutrient supply of tumor cells. This strategy takes the nutrition necessary for cell survival as the entry point, through endogenous continuous consumption of intracellular nutrients and containment of exogenous supplementation, combined with plasmonic thermal effect and immunotherapy to kill tumor cells, which provides a new way of treating cancer safely and effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Zining Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Shuzhen Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Cong Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China. .,Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Song Ni
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Desong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Dawei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology of Hebei Province, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
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Dong Y, Liu D, Zhao Y, Yuan Y, Wang W, Wu S, Liang X, Wang Z, Liu L. Assessment of Neuroprotective Effects of Low-Intensity Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation in a Parkinson's Disease Rat Model by Fractional Anisotropy and Relaxation Time T2 ∗ Value. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:590354. [PMID: 33633533 PMCID: PMC7900573 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.590354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound (LITUS) may have a therapeutic effect on Parkinson's disease (PD) patients to some extent. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and relaxation time T2∗ that indicate the integrity of fiber tracts and iron concentrations in brain tissue have been used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of LITUS. Purpose: This study aims to use FA and T2∗ values to evaluate the therapeutic effects of LITUS in a PD rat model. Materials and Methods: Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a hemi-PD group (n = 10) and a LITUS group (n = 10). Single-shot spin echo echo-planar imaging and fast low-angle shot T2WI sequences at 3.0 T were used. The FA and T2∗ values on the right side of the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effect of LITUS in the rats. Results: One week after PD-like signs were induced in the rats, the FA value in the LITUS group was significantly larger compared with the PD group (0.214 ± 0.027 vs. 0.340 ± 0.032, t = 2.864, P = 0.011). At the 5th and 6th weeks, the FA values in the LITUS group were significantly smaller compared with the PD group (5th week: 0.290 ± 0.037 vs. 0.405 ± 0.027, t = 2.385, P = 0.030; 6th week: 0.299 ± 0.021 vs. 0.525 ± 0.028, t = 6.620, P < 0.0001). In the 5th and 6th weeks, the T2∗ values in the injected right SN of the LITUS group were significantly higher compared with the PD group (5th week, 12.169 ± 0.826 in the LITUS group vs. 7.550 ± 0.824 in the PD group; 6th week, 11.749 ± 0.615 in the LITUS group vs. 7.550 ± 0.849 in the PD group). Conclusion: LITUS had neuroprotective effects and can reduce the damage of 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity in hemi-PD rats. The combination of FA and T2∗ assessments can potentially serve as a new and effective method to evaluate the therapeutic effects of LITUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Dong
- Department of Interventional Treatment, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Defeng Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yuemei Zhao
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- College of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Wenxi Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Shuo Wu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhanqiu Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
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Eed A, Cerdán Cerdá A, Lerma J, De Santis S. Diffusion-weighted MRI in neurodegenerative and psychiatric animal models: Experimental strategies and main outcomes. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 343:108814. [PMID: 32569785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical MRI approaches constitute a key tool to study a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric illnesses, allowing a more direct investigation of the disorder substrate and, at the same time, the possibility of back-translating such findings to human subjects. However, the lack of consensus on the optimal experimental scheme used to acquire the data has led to relatively high heterogeneity in the choice of protocols, which can potentially impact the comparison between results obtained by different groups, even using the same animal model. This is especially true for diffusion-weighted MRI data, where certain experimental choices can impact not only on the accuracy and precision of the extracted biomarkers, but also on their biological meaning. With this in mind, we extensively examined preclinical imaging studies that used diffusion-weighted MRI to investigate neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in rodent models. In this review, we discuss the main findings for each preclinical model, with a special focus on the analysis and comparison of the different acquisition strategies used across studies and their impact on the heterogeneity of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Eed
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC, UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Juan Lerma
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC, UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Silvia De Santis
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC, UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain; CUBRIC, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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Müller HP, Roselli F, Rasche V, Kassubek J. Diffusion Tensor Imaging-Based Studies at the Group-Level Applied to Animal Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:734. [PMID: 32982659 PMCID: PMC7487414 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of human and non-human microstructural brain alterations in the course of neurodegenerative diseases has substantially improved by the non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Animal models (including disease or knockout models) allow for a variety of experimental manipulations, which are not applicable to humans. Thus, the DTI approach provides a promising tool for cross-species cross-sectional and longitudinal investigations of the neurobiological targets and mechanisms of neurodegeneration. This overview with a systematic review focuses on the principles of DTI analysis as used in studies at the group level in living preclinical models of neurodegeneration. The translational aspect from in-vivo animal models toward (clinical) applications in humans is covered as well as the DTI-based research of the non-human brains' microstructure, the methodological aspects in data processing and analysis, and data interpretation at different abstraction levels. The aim of integrating DTI in multiparametric or multimodal imaging protocols will allow the interrogation of DTI data in terms of directional flow of information and may identify the microstructural underpinnings of neurodegeneration-related patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Roselli
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Ulm, Germany
| | - Volker Rasche
- Core Facility Small Animal MRI, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Kassubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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