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Zondo S, Cockcroft K, Ferreira-Correia A. Brain plasticity and adolescent HIV: A randomised controlled trial protocol investigating behavioural and hemodynamic responses in attention cognitive rehabilitation therapy. MethodsX 2024; 13:102808. [PMID: 39022176 PMCID: PMC11252933 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in antiretroviral pharmacology, neuroHIV in the central nervous system (CNS), causes neuronal dysregulation, which is associated with compromised neurocognition. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as HIV cognitive rehabilitation training (HIV-CRT), have shown potential to partially reverse cognitive deficits, sequent HIV neuroinvasion. Nonetheless, no studies exist pairing cognitive outcomes with objective neuroimaging biomarkers in adolescent HIV-CRT. This longitudinal pre-post-quasi-experimental protocol examined cognitive outcomes, paired with optimal neuroimaging outcomes following customised attention training in adolescent HIV. Twenty-six adolescents living with HIV were randomly assigned to either the treatment group, which received attention CRT using ACTIVATE™, (n = 13), or to the treatment as usual group (n = 13). Cognitive outcomes were examined using the NEPSY-II, and BRIEF; whilst neuroimaging outcomes were determined by changes in oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO), as determined by functional near-infrared spectrometry (fNIRS). Functional connectivity fNIRS measures were evaluated using seed-based correlation analysis, located in the central executive network (CEN). This study serves to guide the development and identification of objective biomarkers for adolescent neuroHIV, sequent CRT amongst children living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sizwe Zondo
- Department of Psychology, Rhodes University, 1 University Road, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Kate Cockcroft
- Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Aline Ferreira-Correia
- Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
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Li X, Pang H, Bu S, Zhao M, Wang J, Liu Y, Yu H, Fan G. Stage-dependent differential impact of network communication on cognitive function across the continuum of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 199:106578. [PMID: 38925316 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to explore the patterns of resting-state network (RSN) connectivity alterations and investigate how the influences of individual-level network connections on cognition varied across clinical stages without assuming a constant relationship. METHODS 108 PD patients with continuum of cognitive decline (PD-NC = 46, PD-MCI = 43, PDD = 19) and 34 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional MRI and neuropsychological tests. Independent component analysis (ICA) and graph theory analyses (GTA) were employed to explore RSN connection changes. Additionally, stage-dependent differential impact of network communication on cognitive performance were examined using sparse varying coefficient modeling. RESULTS Compared to HCs, the dorsal attention network (DAN) and dorsal sensorimotor network (dSMN) were central networks with decreased connections in PD-NC and PD-MCI stage, while the lateral visual network (LVN) emerged as a central network in patients with dementia. Additionally, connectivity of the cerebellum network (CBN) increased in the PD-NC and PD-MCI stages. GTA demonstrated decreased nodal metrics for DAN and dSMN, coupled with an increase for CBN. Moreover, the degree centrality (DC) values of DAN and dSMN exhibited a stage-dependent differential impact on cognitive performance across the continuum of cognitive decline. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that across the progression of cognitive impairment, the LVN gradually transitions into a core node with reduced connectivity, while the enhancement of connections in CBN diminishes. Furthermore, the non-linear relationship between the DC values of RSNs and cognitive decline indicates the potential for tailored interventions targeting specific stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Huize Pang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Shuting Bu
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Mengwan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Juzhou Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Hongmei Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Guoguang Fan
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
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Rodas JA, Asimakopoulou AA, Greene CM. Can we enhance working memory? Bias and effectiveness in cognitive training studies. Psychon Bull Rev 2024:10.3758/s13423-024-02466-8. [PMID: 38366265 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02466-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Meta-analyses have found that working memory (WM) can be improved with cognitive training; however, some authors have suggested that these improvements are mostly driven by biases in the measurement of WM, especially the use of similar tasks for assessment and training. In the present meta-analysis, we investigated whether WM, fluid intelligence, executive functions, and short-term memory can be improved by cognitive training and evaluated the impact of possible sources of bias. We performed a risk of bias assessment of the included studies and took special care in controlling for practice effects. Data from 52 independent comparisons were analyzed, including cognitive training aimed at different cognitive functions. Our results show small improvements in WM after training (SMD = 0.18). Much larger effects were observed when the analysis was restricted to assessment tasks similar to those used for training (SMD = 1.15). Fluid intelligence was not found to improve as a result of training, and improvements in WM were not related to changes in fluid intelligence. Our analyses did however indicate that cognitive training can improve specific executive functions. Contrary to expectations, a set of meta-regressions indicated that characteristics of the training programme, such as dosage and type of training, do not have an impact on the effectiveness of training. The risk of bias assessment revealed some concerns in the randomization process and possible selective reporting among studies. Overall, our results identified various potential sources of bias, with the most significant being the choice of assessment tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Rodas
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador.
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Ciara M Greene
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Wang A, Dong T, Wei T, Wu H, Yang Y, Ding Y, Li C, Yang W. Large-scale networks changes in Wilson's disease associated with neuropsychiatric impairments: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:805. [PMID: 37924073 PMCID: PMC10623710 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Wilson's disease (WD) patients, network connections across the brain are disrupted, affecting multidomain function. However, the details of this neuropathophysiological mechanism remain unclear due to the rarity of WD. In this study, we aimed to investigate alterations in brain network connectivity at the whole-brain level (both intra- and inter-network) in WD patients through independent component analysis (ICA) and the relationship between alterations in these brain network functional connections (FCs) and clinical neuropsychiatric features to understand the underlying pathophysiological and central compensatory mechanisms. METHODS Eighty-five patients with WD and age- and sex-matched 85 healthy control (HC) were recruited for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scanning. We extracted the resting-state networks (RSNs) using the ICA method, analyzed the changes of FC in these networks and the correlation between alterations in FCs and clinical neuropsychiatric features. RESULTS Compared with HC, WD showed widespread lower connectivity within RSNs, involving default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), somatomotor network (SMN), dorsal attention network (DAN), especially in patients with abnormal UWDRS scores. Furthermore, the decreased FCs in the left medial prefrontal cortex (L_ MPFC), left anterior cingulate gyrus (L_ACC), precuneus (PCUN)within DMN were negatively correlated with the Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale-neurological characteristic examination (UWDRS-N), and the decreased FCs in the L_MPFC, PCUN within DMN were negatively correlated with the Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale-psychiatric symptoms examination (UWDRS-P). We additionally discovered that the patients with WD exhibited significantly stronger FC between the FPN and DMN, between the DAN and DMN, and between the FPN and DAN compared to HC. CONCLUSIONS We have provided evidence that WD is a disease with widespread dysfunctional connectivity in resting networks in brain, leading to neurological features and psychiatric symptoms (e.g. higher-order cognitive control and motor control impairments). The alter intra- and inter-network in the brain may be the neural underpinnings for the neuropathological symptoms and the process of injury compensation in WD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Ting Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
- Xin 'an Institute of Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Great Health, Hefei National Science Center, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin'An Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Taohua Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
- Xin 'an Institute of Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Great Health, Hefei National Science Center, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin'An Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Hongli Wu
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Yulong Yang
- Xin 'an Institute of Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Great Health, Hefei National Science Center, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin'An Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Yufeng Ding
- Xin 'an Institute of Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Great Health, Hefei National Science Center, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin'An Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
| | - Wenming Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
- Xin 'an Institute of Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Great Health, Hefei National Science Center, Hefei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Xin'An Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.
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Li X, Cong J, Liu K, Wang P, Sun M, Wei B. Aberrant intrinsic functional brain topology in methamphetamine-dependent individuals after six-months of abstinence. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:19565-19583. [PMID: 38052615 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to explore the aberrant intrinsic functional topology in methamphetamine-dependent individuals after six months of abstinence using resting-state functional magnetic imaging (rs-fMRI). Eleven methamphetamines (MA) abstainers who have abstained for six months and eleven healthy controls (HC) were recruited for rs-fMRI examination. The graph theory and functional connectivity (FC) analysis were employed to investigate the aberrant intrinsic functional brain topology between the two groups at multiple levels. Compared with the HC group, the characteristic shortest path length ($ {L}_{p} $) showed a significant decrease at the global level, while the global efficiency ($ {E}_{glob} $) and local efficiency ($ {E}_{loc} $) showed an increase considerably. After FDR correction, we found significant group differences in nodal degree and nodal efficiency at the regional level in the ventral attentional network (VAN), dorsal attentional network (DAN), somatosensory network (SMN), visual network (VN) and default mode network (DMN). In addition, the NBS method presented the aberrations in edge-based FC, including frontoparietal network (FPN), subcortical network (SCN), VAN, DAN, SMN, VN and DMN. Moreover, the FC of large-scale functional brain networks revealed a decrease within the VN and SCN and between the networks. These findings suggest that some functions, e.g., visual processing skills, object recognition and memory, may not fully recover after six months of withdrawal. This leads to the possibility of relapse behavior when confronted with MA-related cues, which may contribute to explaining the relapse mechanism. We also provide an imaging basis for revealing the neural mechanism of MA-dependency after six months of abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
| | - Jinyu Cong
- Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
| | - Kunmeng Liu
- Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
| | - Min Sun
- Shandong Detoxification Monitoring and Treatment Institute, Zibo 255311, China
| | - Benzheng Wei
- Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China
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Yu Z, Pang H, Liu Y, Li X, Bu S, Wang J, Zhao M, Ren K. Disrupted network communication predicts mild cognitive impairment in end-stage renal disease: an individualized machine learning study based on resting-state fMRI. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10098-10107. [PMID: 37492012 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is known to be associated with a range of brain injuries, including cognitive decline. The purpose of this study is to investigate the functional connectivity (FC) of the resting-state networks (RSNs) through resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in order to gain insight into the neuropathological mechanism of ESRD. A total of 48 ESRD patients and 49 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional MRI and neuropsychological tests, for which Independent Components Analysis and graph-theory (GT) analysis were utilized. With the machine learning results, we examined the connections between RSNs abnormalities and neuropsychological test scores. Combining intra/inter network FC differences and GT results, ESRD was optimally distinguished in the testing dataset, with a balanced accuracy of 0.917 and area under curve (AUC) of 0.942. Shapley additive explanations results revealed that the increased functional network connectivity between DMN and left frontoparietal network (LFPN) was the most critical predictor for ESRD associated mild cognitive impairment diagnosis. Moreover, hypoSN (salience network) was positively correlated with Attention scores, while hyperLFPN was negatively correlated with Execution scores, indicating correlations between functional disruption and cognitive impairment measurements in ESRD patients. This study demonstrated that both the loss of FC within the SN and compensatory FC within the lateral frontoparietal network coexist in ESRD. This provides a network basis for understanding the individual brain circuits and offers additional noninvasive evidence to comprehend the brain networks in ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Yu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Huize Pang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuting Bu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Juzhou Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mengwan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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