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Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) applied directly to microbes on agar-based medium captures global information about microbial molecules, allowing for direct correlation of chemotypes to phenotypes. This tool was developed to investigate metabolic exchange factors of intraspecies, interspecies, and polymicrobial interactions. Based on our experience of the thousands of images we have generated in the laboratory, we present five steps of microbial IMS: culturing, matrix application, dehydration of the sample, data acquisition, and data analysis/interpretation. We also address the common challenges encountered during sample preparation, matrix selection and application, and sample adherence to the MALDI target plate. With the practical guidelines described herein, microbial IMS use can be extended to bio-based agricultural, biofuel, diagnostic, and therapeutic discovery applications.
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Weissenborn MJ, Wehner JW, Gray CJ, Šardzík R, Eyers CE, Lindhorst TK, Flitsch SL. Formation of carbohydrate-functionalised polystyrene and glass slides and their analysis by MALDI-TOF MS. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:753-62. [PMID: 23015824 PMCID: PMC3388864 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycans functionalised with hydrophobic trityl groups were synthesised and adsorbed onto polystyrene and glass slides in an array format. The adsorbed glycans could be analysed directly on these minimally conducting surfaces by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis after aluminium tape was attached to the underside of the slides. Furthermore, the trityl group appeared to act as an internal matrix and no additional matrix was necessary for the MS analysis. Thus, trityl groups can be used as simple hydrophobic, noncovalently linked anchors for ligands on surfaces and at the same time facilitate the in situ mass spectrometric analysis of such ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Weissenborn
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes W Wehner
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christopher J Gray
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Šardzík
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Claire E Eyers
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3/4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabine L Flitsch
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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5
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Watrous JD, Alexandrov T, Dorrestein PC. The evolving field of imaging mass spectrometry and its impact on future biological research. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2011; 46:209-22. [PMID: 21322093 PMCID: PMC3303182 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Within the past decade, imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) has been increasingly recognized as an indispensable technique for studying biological systems. Its rapid evolution has resulted in an impressive array of instrument variations and sample applications, yet the tools and data are largely confined to specialists. It is therefore important that at this junction the IMS community begin to establish IMS as a permanent fixture in life science research thereby making the technology and/or the data approachable by non-mass spectrometrists, leading to further integration into biological and clinical research. In this perspective article, we provide insight into the evolution and current state of IMS and propose some of the directions that IMS could develop in order to stay on course to become one of the most promising new tools in life science research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeramie D. Watrous
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Pieter C. Dorrestein
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center For Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography
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Chen SY, Li KI, Yu CS, Wang JS, Hu YC, Lai CC. A radiate microstructure MALDI chip for sample concentration and detection. Anal Chem 2010; 82:5951-7. [PMID: 20553036 DOI: 10.1021/ac101426n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) analysis is an important tool for analyzing and characterizing biomolecules of varying complexity, the sensitivity of MALDI-TOFMS is dependent on proper preparation of the sample, a process that is oftentimes problematic and requires considerable expertise. In this study, we have developed a radiate microstructure chip on which samples can be concentrated for analysis by MALDI-TOFMS. The sample/matrix mixture was deposited onto the central space of the well on the chip and allowed to dry. Microscopic analysis confirmed that the applied samples were confined to the central zone. Sample spots focused on the chip were much smaller than those on an unmodified plate with the same total volume. Optimizing processes of several preparation factors were also performed to ensure matrix homogeneity in our chip. Analysis of the samples with MALDI-TOFMS showed that the signals from samples on our chip were significantly greater than those on the unmodified plate. The feasibility of using this chip to detect peptides and phosphopeptides was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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8
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Lee J, Soper SA, Murray KK. Microfluidics with MALDI analysis for proteomics--a review. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 649:180-90. [PMID: 19699392 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Various microfluidic devices have been developed for proteomic analyses and many of these have been designed specifically for mass spectrometry detection. In this review, we present an overview of chip fabrication, microfluidic components, and the interfacing of these devices to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. These devices can be directly coupled to the mass spectrometer for on-line analysis in real-time, or samples can be analyzed on-chip or deposited onto targets for off-line readout. Several approaches for combining microfluidic devices with analytical functions such as sample cleanup, digestion, and separations with MALDI mass spectrometry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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9
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Ibáñez AJ, Schüler T, Möller R, Fritzsche W, Saluz HP, Svatoš A. DNA Detection Using a Triple Readout Optical/AFM/MALDI Planar Microwell Plastic Chip. Anal Chem 2008; 80:5892-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac800426v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo J. Ibáñez
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany, Jenaer Biochip Initiative, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany, Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745, Jena, Germany, and Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Schüler
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany, Jenaer Biochip Initiative, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany, Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745, Jena, Germany, and Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Möller
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany, Jenaer Biochip Initiative, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany, Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745, Jena, Germany, and Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fritzsche
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany, Jenaer Biochip Initiative, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany, Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745, Jena, Germany, and Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Saluz
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany, Jenaer Biochip Initiative, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany, Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745, Jena, Germany, and Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Aleš Svatoš
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany, Jenaer Biochip Initiative, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany, Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745, Jena, Germany, and Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
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