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Lei Z, Niu J, Cai H, Kong Z, Ding X, Dong Y, Zhang D, Li X, Shao J, Lin A, Zhou R, Yang S, Yan Q. NF2 regulates IP3R-mediated Ca 2+ signal and apoptosis in meningiomas. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23737. [PMID: 38953724 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400436r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors and account for nearly 30% of all nervous system tumors. Approximately half of meningioma patients exhibit neurofibromin 2 (NF2) gene inactivation. Here, NF2 was shown to interact with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium (Ca2+) channel inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 (IP3R1) in IOMM-Lee, a high-grade malignant meningioma cell line, and the F1 subdomain of NF2 plays a critical role in this interaction. Functional assays indicated that NF2 promotes the phosphorylation of IP3R (Ser 1756) and IP3R-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ release by binding to IP3R1, which results in Ca2+-dependent apoptosis. Knockout of NF2 decreased Ca2+ release and promoted resistance to apoptosis, which was rescued by wild-type NF2 overexpression but not by F1 subdomain deletion truncation overexpression. The effects of NF2 defects on the development of tumors were further studied in mouse models. The decreased expression level of NF2 caused by NF2 gene knockout or mutation affects the activity of the IP3R channel, which reduces Ca2+-dependent apoptosis, thereby promoting the development of tumors. We elucidated the interaction patterns of NF2 and IP3R1, revealed the molecular mechanism through which NF2 regulates IP3R1-mediated Ca2+ release, and elucidated the new pathogenic mechanism of meningioma-related NF2 variants. Our study broadens the current understanding of the biological function of NF2 and provides ideas for drug screening of NF2-associated meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoying Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huajian Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengyi Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufei Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Li
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianzhong Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuxu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Yang H, Gu W, Ni J, Ma Y, Li S, Neumann D, Ding X, Zhu L. Carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A is potentially involved in bovine herpesvirus 1 productive infection. Vet Microbiol 2024; 288:109932. [PMID: 38043447 PMCID: PMC10919102 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1(BoHV-1) is an important bovine pathogen that causes great economic loss to cattle farms worldwide. The virus-productive infection in bovine kidney (MDBK) cells results in ATP depletion. The mechanisms are not well understood. Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is an important energy source in many tissues with high energy demand. Since carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 A (CPT1A) is the rate-limiting enzyme of FAO, we investigated the interactions between virus-productive infection and CPT1A signaling. Here, we found that virus-productive infection at the later stage significantly decreased CPT1A protein levels in all the detected cells, including MDBK, A549, and Neuro-2A cells, differentially altered the accumulation of CPT1A proteins in the nucleus and cytosol, and re-localized the protein in the nucleus. Etomoxir (ETO), an irreversible inhibitor of CPT1A, inhibited viral replication and partially interfered with the ability of BoHV-1 to alter CPT1A accumulation in the nucleus but not in the cytosol. Furthermore, ETO consistently reduced RNA levels of two viral regulatory proteins (bICP0 and bICP22) and protein expression of virion-associated proteins during productive infection, further supporting the important roles of CPT1A signaling in BoHV-1 productive infection. These data, for the first time, suggest that CPT1A is potentially involved in BoHV-1 productive infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenyuan Gu
- Center for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Junqing Ni
- Hebei Province Animal Husbandry and Improved Breeds Work Station, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Yabin Ma
- Hebei Province Animal Husbandry and Improved Breeds Work Station, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Shitao Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Donna Neumann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 537006, USA
| | - Xiuyan Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Liqian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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3
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Ham H, Medlyn M, Billadeau DD. Locked and Loaded: Mechanisms Regulating Natural Killer Cell Lytic Granule Biogenesis and Release. Front Immunol 2022; 13:871106. [PMID: 35558071 PMCID: PMC9088006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.871106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity is a critical element of our immune system required for protection from microbial infections and cancer. NK cells bind to and eliminate infected or cancerous cells via direct secretion of cytotoxic molecules toward the bound target cells. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the molecular regulations of NK cell cytotoxicity, focusing on lytic granule development and degranulation processes. NK cells synthesize apoptosis-inducing proteins and package them into specialized organelles known as lytic granules (LGs). Upon activation of NK cells, LGs converge with the microtubule organizing center through dynein-dependent movement along microtubules, ultimately polarizing to the cytotoxic synapse where they subsequently fuse with the NK plasma membrane. From LGs biogenesis to degranulation, NK cells utilize several strategies to protect themselves from their own cytotoxic molecules. Additionally, molecular pathways that enable NK cells to perform serial killing are beginning to be elucidated. These advances in the understanding of the molecular pathways behind NK cell cytotoxicity will be important to not only improve current NK cell-based anti-cancer therapies but also to support the discovery of additional therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoungjun Ham
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Michael Medlyn
- Department of Immunology College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Immunology College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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4
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Cyclic Peptide Mimotopes for the Detection of Serum Anti-ATIC Autoantibody Biomarker in Hepato-Cellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249718. [PMID: 33352757 PMCID: PMC7766137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated (TA) autoantibodies have been identified at the early tumor stage before developing clinical symptoms, which holds hope for early cancer diagnosis. We identified a TA autoantibody from HBx-transgenic (HBx-tg) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model mouse, characterized its target antigen, and examined its relationship to human HCC. The mimotopes corresponding to the antigenic epitope of TA autoantibody were screened from a random cyclic peptide library and used for the detection of serum TA autoantibody. The target antigen of the TA autoantibody was identified as an oncogenic bi-functional purine biosynthesis protein, ATIC. It was upregulated in liver cancer tissues of HBx-tg mouse as well as human HCC tissues. Over-expressed ATIC was also secreted extracellularly via the cancer-derived exosomes, which might cause auto-immune responses. The cyclic peptide mimotope with a high affinity to anti-ATIC autoantibody, CLPSWFHRC, distinguishes between serum samples from HCC patients and healthy subjects with 70.83% sensitivity, 90.68% specificity (AUC = 0.87). However, the recombinant human ATIC protein showed a low affinity to anti-ATIC autoantibody, which may be incompatible as a capture antigen for serum TA autoantibody. This study indicates that anti-ATIC autoantibody can be a potential HCC-associated serum biomarker and suggests that autoantibody biomarker's efficiency can be improved by using antigenic mimicry to native antigens present in vivo.
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Fujisawa A, Tamura T, Yasueda Y, Kuwata K, Hamachi I. Chemical Profiling of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteome Using Designer Labeling Reagents. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17060-17070. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alma Fujisawa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Yasueda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keiko Kuwata
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency,
Sanbancho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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6
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Verlekar D, Wei SJ, Cho H, Yang S, Kang MH. Ceramide synthase-6 confers resistance to chemotherapy by binding to CD95/Fas in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:925. [PMID: 30206207 PMCID: PMC6133972 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide synthases (CERS) produce ceramides which are key intermediators in the biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids and play an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and senescence. CERS6 is an isoform of ceramide synthases known to generate ceramides with C16 acyl chain (C16-Cer). CERS6 and C16-Cer levels were significantly higher in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells in comparison to peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T lymphocytes derived from healthy human volunteers. We investigated the role of CERS6 in chemo-resistance in T-ALL cell lines. Stable knockdown of CERS6 in CCRF-CEM and MOLT-4 cells resulted in increased sensitivity to ABT-737, a pan-BCL-2 inhibitor, while CCRF-CEM cells with exogenous CERS6 expression showed resistance to ABT-737 relative to the vector control. The cytotoxic activity of ABT-737 in CERS6 knockdown cells was significantly reduced by the addition of a caspase-8 inhibitor Z-IETD, suggesting that CERS6 alters the cytotoxicity via extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. By co-immunoprecipitation of CERS6 in CCRF-CEM cells, we identified CD95/Fas, a mediator of extrinsic apoptotic pathway, as a novel CERS6 binding partner. In Fas pull-down samples, FADD (Fas-associated protein with death domain) was detected at higher levels in cells with CERS6 knockdown compared with control cells when treated with ABT-737, and this was reversed by the overexpression of CERS6, demonstrating that CERS6 interferes with Fas–FADD DISC assembly. CERS6 may serve as a biomarker in determining the effectiveness of anticancer agents acting via the extrinsic pathway in T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattesh Verlekar
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Sung-Jen Wei
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Hwangeui Cho
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Shengping Yang
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Min H Kang
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
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7
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Singhal A, Agrawal A, Ling J. Regulation of insulin resistance and type II diabetes by hepatitis C virus infection: A driver function of circulating miRNAs. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2071-2085. [PMID: 29411512 PMCID: PMC5867149 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious worldwide healthcare issue. Its association with various liver diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is well studied. However, the study on the relationship between HCV infection and the development of insulin resistance and diabetes is very limited. Current research has already elucidated some underlying mechanisms, especially on the regulation of metabolism and insulin signalling by viral proteins. More studies have emerged recently on the correlation between HCV infection‐derived miRNAs and diabetes and insulin resistance. However, no studies have been carried out to directly address if these miRNAs, especially circulating miRNAs, have causal effects on the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. Here, we proposed a new perspective that circulating miRNAs can perform regulatory functions to modulate gene expression in peripheral tissues leading to insulin resistance and diabetes, rather than just a passive factor associated with these pathological processes. The detailed rationales were elaborated through comprehensive literature review and bioinformatic analyses. miR‐122 was identified to be one of the most potential circulating miRNAs to cause insulin resistance. This result along with the idea about the driver function of circulating miRNAs will promote further investigations that eventually lead to the development of novel strategies to treat HCV infection‐associated extrahepatic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adit Singhal
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
| | | | - Jun Ling
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
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8
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Ghosh D, Funk CC, Caballero J, Shah N, Rouleau K, Earls JC, Soroceanu L, Foltz G, Cobbs CS, Price ND, Hood L. A Cell-Surface Membrane Protein Signature for Glioblastoma. Cell Syst 2017; 4:516-529.e7. [PMID: 28365151 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a systems strategy that facilitated the development of a molecular signature for glioblastoma (GBM), composed of 33 cell-surface transmembrane proteins. This molecular signature, GBMSig, was developed through the integration of cell-surface proteomics and transcriptomics from patient tumors in the REMBRANDT (n = 228) and TCGA datasets (n = 547) and can separate GBM patients from control individuals with a Matthew's correlation coefficient value of 0.87 in a lock-down test. Functionally, 17/33 GBMSig proteins are associated with transforming growth factor β signaling pathways, including CD47, SLC16A1, HMOX1, and MRC2. Knockdown of these genes impaired GBM invasion, reflecting their role in disease-perturbed changes in GBM. ELISA assays for a subset of GBMSig (CD44, VCAM1, HMOX1, and BIGH3) on 84 plasma specimens from multiple clinical sites revealed a high degree of separation of GBM patients from healthy control individuals (area under the curve is 0.98 in receiver operating characteristic). In addition, a classifier based on these four proteins differentiated the blood of pre- and post-tumor resections, demonstrating potential clinical value as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cory C Funk
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Nameeta Shah
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | | | - John C Earls
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Liliana Soroceanu
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Greg Foltz
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Charles S Cobbs
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Nathan D Price
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Leroy Hood
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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9
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Ghosh D, Ulasov IV, Chen L, Harkins LE, Wallenborg K, Hothi P, Rostad S, Hood L, Cobbs CS. TGFβ-Responsive HMOX1 Expression Is Associated with Stemness and Invasion in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2276-89. [PMID: 27354342 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal adult brain tumor. Resistance to standard radiation and chemotherapy is thought to involve survival of GBM cancer stem cells (CSCs). To date, no single marker for identifying GBM CSCs has been able to capture the diversity of CSC populations, justifying the needs for additional CSC markers for better characterization. Employing targeted mass spectrometry, here we present five cell-surface markers HMOX1, SLC16A1, CADM1, SCAMP3, and CLCC1 which were found to be elevated in CSCs relative to healthy neural stem cells (NSCs). Transcriptomic analyses of REMBRANDT and TCGA compendiums also indicated elevated expression of these markers in GBM relative to controls and non-GBM diseases. Two markers SLC16A1 and HMOX1 were found to be expressed among pseudopalisading cells that reside in the hypoxic region of GBM, substantiating the histopathological hallmarks of GBM. In a prospective study (N = 8) we confirmed the surface expression of HMOX1 on freshly isolated primary GBM cells (P0). Employing functional assays that are known to evaluate stemness, we demonstrate that elevated HMOX1 expression is associated with stemness in GBM and can be modulated through TGFβ. siRNA-mediated silencing of HMOX1 impaired GBM invasion-a phenomenon related to poor prognosis. In addition, surgical resection of GBM tumors caused declines (18% ± 5.1SEM) in the level of plasma HMOX1 as measured by ELISA, in 8/10 GBM patients. These findings indicate that HMOX1 is a robust predictor of GBM CSC stemness and pathogenesis. Further understanding of the role of HMOX1 in GBM may uncover novel therapeutic approaches. Stem Cells 2016;34:2276-2289.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiman Ghosh
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle. .,Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle.
| | - Ilya V Ulasov
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle
| | - LiPing Chen
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle
| | - Lualhati E Harkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Birmingham Veterans Hospital, Birmingham
| | | | - Parvinder Hothi
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle
| | - Steven Rostad
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle.,CellNetix Pathology and Laboratories, Seattle
| | | | - Charles S Cobbs
- The Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle. .,Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle.
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10
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Ogneva IV, Biryukov NS. Lecithin Prevents Cortical Cytoskeleton Reorganization in Rat Soleus Muscle Fibers under Short-Term Gravitational Disuse. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153650. [PMID: 27073851 PMCID: PMC4830545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prevent the cortical cytoskeleton reorganization of rat soleus muscle fibers under short-term gravitational disuse. Once a day, we injected the right soleus muscle with 0.5 ml lecithin at a concentration of 200 mg/ml and the left soleus muscle with a diluted solution in an equal volume for 3 days prior to the experiment. To simulate microgravity conditions in rats, an anti-orthostatic suspension was used according to the Ilyin-Novikov method modified by Morey-Holton et al. for 6 hours. The following groups of soleus muscle tissues were examined: «C», «C+L», «HS», and «HS+L». The transversal stiffness of rat soleus muscle fibers after 6 hours of suspension did not differ from that of the control group for the corresponding legs; there were no differences between the groups without lecithin «C» and «HS» or between the groups with lecithin «C+L» and «HS+L». However, lecithin treatment for three days resulted in an increase in cell stiffness; in the «C+L» group, cell stiffness was significantly higher by 22.7% (p < 0.05) compared with that of group «C». The mRNA content of genes encoding beta- and gamma-actin and beta-tubulin did not significantly differ before and after suspension in the corresponding groups. However, there was a significant increase in the mRNA content of these genes after lecithin treatment: the beta-actin and gamma-actin mRNA content in group «C+L» increased by 200% compared with that of group «C», and beta-tubulin increased by 100% (as well as the mRNA content of tubulin-binding proteins Ckap5, Tcp1, Cct5 and Cct7). In addition, desmin mRNA content remained unchanged in all of the experimental groups. As a result of the lecithin injections, there was a redistribution of the mRNA content of genes encoding actin monomer- and filament-binding proteins in the direction of increasing actin polymerization and filament stability; the mRNA content of Arpc3 and Lcp1 increased by 3- and 5-fold, respectively, but the levels of Tmod1 and Svil decreased by 2- and 5-fold, respectively. However, gravitational disuse did not result in changes in the mRNA content of Arpc3, Tmod1, Svil or Lcp1. Anti-orthostatic suspension for 6 hours resulted in a decrease in the mRNA content of alpha-actinin-4 (Actn4) and alpha-actinin-1 (Actn1) in group «HS» compared with that of group «C» by 25% and 30%, respectively, as well as a decrease and increase in the ACTN4 protein content in the membrane and cytoplasmic fractions, respectively. Lecithin injection resulted in an increase in the Actn1 and Actn4 mRNA content in group «C+L» by 1.5-fold and more than 2-fold, respectively, compared with the levels in group «C». Moreover, in group «HS+L», the mRNA content did not change in these genes compared with the levels in group «C+L», and the ACTN4 protein content in the membrane and cytoplasmic fractions also remained unchanged. Thus, lecithin prevented the reduction of Actn1 and Actn4 mRNA and the migration of ACTN4 from the cortical cytoskeleton to the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Ogneva
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biomedicine, State Scientific Center of Russian Federation Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Nikolay S. Biryukov
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biomedicine, State Scientific Center of Russian Federation Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Moscow region, Russia
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11
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Richens JL, Spencer HL, Butler M, Cantlay F, Vere KA, Bajaj N, Morgan K, O'Shea P. Rationalising the role of Keratin 9 as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22962. [PMID: 26973255 PMCID: PMC4789650 DOI: 10.1038/srep22962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratin 9 was recently identified as an important component of a biomarker panel which demonstrated a high diagnostic accuracy (87%) for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding how a protein which is predominantly expressed in palmoplantar epidermis is implicated in AD may shed new light on the mechanisms underlying the disease. Here we use immunoassays to examine blood plasma expression patterns of Keratin 9 and its relationship to other AD-associated proteins. We correlate this with the use of an in silico analysis tool VisANT to elucidate possible pathways through which the involvement of Keratin 9 may take place. We identify possible links with Dickkopf-1, a negative regulator of the wnt pathway, and propose that the abnormal expression of Keratin 9 in AD blood and cerebrospinal fluid may be a result of blood brain barrier dysregulation and disruption of the ubiquitin proteasome system. Our findings suggest that dysregulated Keratin 9 expression is a consequence of AD pathology but, as it interacts with a broad range of proteins, it may have other, as yet uncharacterized, downstream effects which could contribute to AD onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L Richens
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L Spencer
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Molly Butler
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Cantlay
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly-Ann Vere
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nin Bajaj
- Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Morgan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul O'Shea
- Cell Biophysics Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Helou YA, Salomon AR. Protein networks and activation of lymphocytes. Curr Opin Immunol 2015; 33:78-85. [PMID: 25687331 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The signal transduction pathways initiated by lymphocyte activation play a critical role in regulating host immunity. High-resolution mass spectrometry has accelerated the investigation of these complex and dynamic pathways by enabling the qualitative and quantitative investigation of thousands of proteins and phosphoproteins simultaneously. In addition, the unbiased and wide-scale identification of protein-protein interaction networks and protein kinase substrates in lymphocyte signaling pathways can be achieved by mass spectrometry-based approaches. Critically, the integration of these discovery-driven strategies with single-cell analysis using mass cytometry can facilitate the understanding of complex signaling phenotypes in distinct immunophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ynes A Helou
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Arthur R Salomon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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Scheiter M, Lau U, van Ham M, Bulitta B, Gröbe L, Garritsen H, Klawonn F, König S, Jänsch L. Proteome analysis of distinct developmental stages of human natural killer (NK) cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:1099-114. [PMID: 23315794 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m112.024596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent Natural Killer (NK) cell maturation model postulates that CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) first develop into CD56(bright) NK cells, then into CD56(dim)CD57(-) and finally into terminally maturated CD56(dim)CD57(+). The molecular mechanisms of human NK cell differentiation and maturation however are incompletely characterized. Here we present a proteome analysis of distinct developmental stages of human primary NK cells, isolated from healthy human blood donors. Peptide sequencing was used to comparatively analyze CD56(bright) NK cells versus CD56(dim) NK cells and CD56(dim)CD57(-) NK cells versus CD56(dim)CD57(+) NK cells and revealed distinct protein signatures for all of these subsets. Quantitative data for about 3400 proteins were obtained and support the current differentiation model. Furthermore, 11 donor-independently, but developmental stage specifically regulated proteins so far undescribed in NK cells were revealed, which may contribute to NK cell development and may elucidate a molecular source for NK cell effector functions. Among those proteins, S100A4 (Calvasculin) and S100A6 (Calcyclin) were selected to study their dynamic subcellular localization. Upon activation of human primary NK cells, both proteins are recruited into the immune synapse (NKIS), where they colocalize with myosin IIa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxi Scheiter
- Research Group Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, HZI, Inhoffenstraβe 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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Krzewski K, Coligan JE. Human NK cell lytic granules and regulation of their exocytosis. Front Immunol 2012; 3:335. [PMID: 23162553 PMCID: PMC3494098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells form a subset of lymphocytes that play a key role in immuno-surveillance and host defense against cancer and viral infections. They recognize stressed cells through a variety of germline-encoded activating cell surface receptors and utilize their cytotoxic ability to eliminate abnormal cells. Killing of target cells is a complex, multi-stage process that concludes in the directed secretion of lytic granules, containing perforin and granzymes, at the immunological synapse. Upon delivery to a target cell, perforin mediates generation of pores in membranes of target cells, allowing granzymes to access target cell cytoplasm and induce apoptosis. Therefore, lytic granules of NK cells are indispensable for normal NK cell cytolytic function. Indeed, defects in lytic granule secretion lead or are related to serious and often fatal diseases, such as familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) type 2–5 or Griscelli syndrome type 2. A number of reports highlight the role of several proteins involved in lytic granule release and NK cell-mediated killing of tumor cells. This review focuses on lytic granules of human NK cells and the advancements in understanding the mechanisms controlling their exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Krzewski
- Receptor Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health Rockville, MD, USA
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Yang F, Shen Y, Camp DG, Smith RD. High-pH reversed-phase chromatography with fraction concatenation for 2D proteomic analysis. Expert Rev Proteomics 2012; 9:129-34. [PMID: 22462785 DOI: 10.1586/epr.12.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Orthogonal high-resolution separations are critical for attaining improved analytical dynamic range and protein coverage in proteomic measurements. High-pH reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), followed by fraction concatenation, affords better peptide analysis than conventional strong cation-exchange chromatography applied for 2D proteomic analysis. For example, concatenated high-pH RPLC increased identification of peptides (by 1.8-fold) and proteins (by 1.6-fold) in shotgun proteomics analyses of a digested human protein sample. Additional advantages of high-pH RPLC with fraction concatenation include improved protein sequence coverage, simplified sample processing and reduced sample losses, making this an attractive alternative to strong cation-exchange chromatography in conjunction with second-dimension low-pH RPLC for 2D proteomics analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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