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Sadasivam P, Khanapur S, Hartimath SV, Ramasamy B, Cheng P, Feng CZ, Green D, Davis C, Goggi JL, Robins EG, Yan R. Arginine-Selective Bioconjugation Reagent for Effective 18F-labeling of Native Proteins. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5064-5074. [PMID: 38480493 PMCID: PMC10982996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Protein-based 18F-PET tracers offer new possibilities in early disease detection and personalized medicine. Their development relies heavily on the availability and effectiveness of 18F-prosthetic groups. We prepared and evaluated a novel arginine-selective prosthetic group, 4-[18F]fluorophenylglyoxal ([18F]FPG). [18F]FPG was radiosynthesized by a one-pot, two-step procedure with a non-decay-corrected (n.d.c.) isolated radiochemical yield (RCY) of 41 ± 8% (n = 10). [18F]FPG constitutes a generic tool for 18F-labeling of various proteins, including human serum albumin (HSA), ubiquitin, interleukin-2, and interleukin-4 in ∼30-60% n.d.c. isolated RCYs. [18F]FPG conjugation with arginine residues is highly selective, even in the presence of a large excess of lysine, cysteine, and histidine. [18F]FPG protein conjugates are able to preserve the binding affinity of the native proteins while also demonstrating excellent in vivo stability. The [18F]FPG-HSA conjugate has prolonged blood retention, which can be applied as a potential blood pool PET imaging agent. Thus, [18F]FPG is an arginine-selective bioconjugation reagent that can be effectively used for the development of 18F-labeled protein radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragalath Sadasivam
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Department of Imaging
Chemistry and Biology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, U.K.
- Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A* STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
- Clinical
Imaging Research Centre, 14 Medical Drive, #B01-01 Centre for Translational
Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Minerva
Imaging ApS, Lyshøjvej
21, Ølstykke 3650, Denmark
| | - Shivashankar Khanapur
- Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A* STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Siddesh V. Hartimath
- Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A* STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Boominathan Ramasamy
- Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A* STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Peter Cheng
- Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A* STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Chin Zan Feng
- Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A* STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - David Green
- Clinical
Imaging Research Centre, 14 Medical Drive, #B01-01 Centre for Translational
Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Christopher Davis
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Department of Imaging
Chemistry and Biology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, U.K.
| | - Julian L. Goggi
- Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A* STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
- Minerva
Imaging ApS, Lyshøjvej
21, Ølstykke 3650, Denmark
| | - Edward G. Robins
- Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, Agency
for Science, Technology, and Research (A* STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Helios, Singapore 138667, Singapore
- Clinical
Imaging Research Centre, 14 Medical Drive, #B01-01 Centre for Translational
Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Molecular
Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, South Australian Health, and Medical
Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Adelaide
Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace & George Street, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Ran Yan
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Department of Imaging
Chemistry and Biology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, U.K.
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Yu X, Ruan M, Wang Y, Nguyen A, Xiao W, Ajena Y, Solano LN, Liu R, Lam KS. Site-Specific Albumin-Selective Ligation to Human Serum Albumin under Physiological Conditions. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2332-2340. [PMID: 36350013 PMCID: PMC9782315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma. It plays a critical role in the native transportation of numerous drugs, metabolites, nutrients, and small molecules. HSA has been successfully used clinically as a noncovalent carrier for insulin (e.g., Levemir), GLP-1 (e.g., Liraglutide), and paclitaxel (e.g., Abraxane). Site-specific bioconjugation strategies for HSA only would greatly expand its role as the biocompatible, non-toxic platform for theranostics purposes. Using the enabling one-bead one-compound (OBOC) technology, we generated combinatorial peptide libraries containing myristic acid, a well-known binder to HSA at Sudlow I and II binding pockets, and an acrylamide. We then used HSA as a probe to screen the OBOC myristylated peptide libraries for reactive affinity elements (RAEs) that can specifically and covalently ligate to the lysine residue at the proximity of these pockets. Several RAEs have been identified and confirmed to be able to conjugate to HSA covalently. The conjugation can occur at physiological pH and proceed with a high yield within 1 h at room temperature. Tryptic peptide profiling of derivatized HSA has revealed two lysine residues (K225 and K414) as the conjugation sites, which is much more specific than the conventional lysine labeling strategy with N-hydroxysuccinimide ester. The RAE-driven site-specific ligation to HSA was found to occur even in the presence of other prevalent blood proteins such as immunoglobulin or whole serum. Furthermore, these RAEs are orthogonal to the maleimide-based conjugation strategy for Cys34 of HSA. Together, these attributes make the RAEs the promising leads to further develop in vitro and in vivo HSA bioconjugation strategies for numerous biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Yu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, 95616California, United States,Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States
| | - Ming Ruan
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States,School
of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongheng Wang
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States,Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
California Davis, Davis, California95616, United States
| | - Audrey Nguyen
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States
| | - Wenwu Xiao
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States
| | - Yousif Ajena
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States
| | - Lucas N. Solano
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States
| | - Ruiwu Liu
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States,
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California95817, United States,
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Yang Y, Fischer NH, Oliveira MT, Hadaf GB, Liu J, Brock-Nannestad T, Diness F, Lee JW. Carbon dioxide enhances sulphur-selective conjugate addition reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4526-4533. [PMID: 35605989 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00831a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulphur-selective conjugate addition reactions play a central role in synthetic chemistry and chemical biology. A general tool for conjugate addition reactions should provide high selectivity in the presence of competing nucleophilic functional groups, namely nitrogen nucleophiles. We report CO2-mediated chemoselective S-Michael addition reactions where CO2 can reversibly control the reaction pHs, thus providing practical reaction conditions. The increased chemoselectivity for sulphur-alkylation products was ascribed to CO2 as a temporary and traceless protecting group for nitrogen nucleophiles, while CO2 efficiently provide higher conversion and selectivity sulphur nucleophiles on peptides and human serum albumin (HSA) with various electrophiles. This method offers simple reaction conditions for cysteine modification reactions when high chemoselectivity is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Niklas Henrik Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark. .,Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Maria Teresa Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark. .,Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Gul Barg Hadaf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Theis Brock-Nannestad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Frederik Diness
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark. .,Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Ji-Woong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark. .,Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
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Renuka Sanotra M, Huang WC, Silver S, Lin CY, Chang TC, Nguyen DPQ, Lee CK, Kao SH, Chang-Cheng Shieh J, Lin YF. Serum levels of 4-hydroxynonenal adducts and responding autoantibodies correlate with the pathogenesis from hyperglycemia to Alzheimer's disease. Clin Biochem 2021; 101:26-34. [PMID: 34933007 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperglycemia leads to lipid peroxidation, producing 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) adducts which correlate with the production of amyloid-beta (Aβ), one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study is to investigate the interactions of Aβ, HNE adducts and responding autoantibodies during the pathogenesis from hyperglycemia to AD. METHODS A total of 239 Taiwanese serum samples from a healthy control group and patients with hyperglycemia, and AD with and without hyperglycemia were analyzed. Aβ was immunoprecipitated from randomly pooled serum in each group and immunoblotted. Synthetic Aβ1-16 and Aβ17-28 peptides were modified with HNE in vitro and verified with LC-MS/MS. The levels of Aβ, HNE adducts, and autoantibody isotypes IgG and IgM against either native or HNE-modified Aβ were determined with ELISA. The diagnostic power of potential biomarkers was evaluated. RESULTS Increased fasting glucose and decreased high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in AD groups indicated abnormal metabolism in the pathogenesis progression from hyperglycemia to AD. Indeed, serum Aβ, HNE adducts and most of the autoantibodies recognizing either native or HNE-modified Aβ were increased in the diseased groups. However, HNE adducts had better diagnostic performances than Aβ for both hyperglycemia and AD. Additionally, HNE-Aβ peptide levels were increased, and the responding autoantibodies (most notably IgM) were decreased in hyperglycemic AD group compared to the hyperglycemia only group, suggesting an immunity disturbance in the pathogenesis progression from hyperglycemia to AD. CONCLUSION Hyperglycemia increases the level of HNE adducts which may be neutralized by responding autoantibodies. Depletion of these autoantibodies promotes AD-like pathogenesis. Thus, levels of a patient's HNE adducts and associated responding autoantibodies are potential biomarkers for AD with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Renuka Sanotra
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Simon Silver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tsuei-Chuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Doan Phuong Quy Nguyen
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Kuo Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huei Kao
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jonathan Chang-Cheng Shieh
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Walther R, Monge P, Pedersen AB, Benderoth A, Pedersen JN, Farzadfard A, Mandrup OA, Howard KA, Otzen DE, Zelikin AN. Per-glycosylation of the Surface-Accessible Lysines: One-Pot Aqueous Route to Stabilized Proteins with Native Activity. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2478-2485. [PMID: 33998129 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemical glycosylation of proteins is a powerful tool applied widely in biomedicine and biotechnology. However, it is a challenging undertaking and typically relies on recombinant proteins and site-specific conjugations. The scope and utility of this nature-inspired methodology would be broadened tremendously by the advent of facile, scalable techniques in glycosylation, which are currently missing. In this work, we investigated a one-pot aqueous protocol to achieve indiscriminate, surface-wide glycosylation of the surface accessible amines (lysines and/or N-terminus). We reveal that this approach afforded minimal if any change in the protein activity and recognition events in biochemical and cell culture assays, but at the same time provided a significant benefit of stabilizing proteins against aggregation and fibrillation - as demonstrated on serum proteins (albumins and immunoglobulin G, IgG), an enzyme (uricase), and proteins involved in neurodegenerative disease (α-synuclein) and diabetes (insulin). Most importantly, this highly advantageous result was achieved via a one-pot aqueous protocol performed on native proteins, bypassing the use of complex chemical methodologies and recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Walther
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Pere Monge
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | | | - Anja Benderoth
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | | | - Azad Farzadfard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Ole A Mandrup
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Kenneth A Howard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Alexander N Zelikin
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
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Long MJC, Wang L, Aye Y. Getting the Right Grip? How Understanding Electrophile Selectivity Profiles Could Illuminate Our Understanding of Redox Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1077-1091. [PMID: 31578876 PMCID: PMC7583342 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Electrophile signaling is coming into focus as a bona fide cell signaling mechanism. The electrophilic regulation occurs typically through a sensing event (i.e., labeling of a protein) and a signaling event (the labeling event having an effect of the proteins activity, association, etc.). Recent Advances: Herein, we focus on the first step of this process, electrophile sensing. Electrophile sensing is typically a deceptively simple reaction between the thiol of a protein cysteine, of which there are around 200,000 in the human proteome, and a Michael acceptor, of which there are numerous flavors, including enals and enones. Recent data overall paint a picture that despite being a simple chemical reaction, electrophile sensing is a discerning process, showing labeling preferences that are often not in line with reactivity of the electrophile. Critical Issues: With a view to trying to decide what brings about highly electrophile-reactive protein cysteines, and how reactive these sensors may be, we discuss aspects of the thermodynamics and kinetics of covalent/noncovalent binding. Data made available by several laboratories indicate that it is likely that specific proteins exhibit highly stereo- and chemoselective electrophile sensing, which we take as good evidence for recognition between the electrophile and the protein before forming a covalent bond. Future Directions: We propose experiments that could help us gain a better and more quantitative understanding of the mechanisms through which sensing comes about. We further extoll the importance of performing more detailed experiments on labeling and trying to standardize the way we assess protein-specific electrophile sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus J C Long
- 47 Pudding Gate, Bishop Burton, Beverley East Riding of Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Lingxi Wang
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yimon Aye
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Parkinson E, Aleksic M, Arthur R, Regufe Da Mota S, Cubberley R, Skipp PJ. Proteomic analysis of haptenation by skin sensitisers: Diphencyprone and ethyl acrylate. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Varanko A, Saha S, Chilkoti A. Recent trends in protein and peptide-based biomaterials for advanced drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 156:133-187. [PMID: 32871201 PMCID: PMC7456198 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Engineering protein and peptide-based materials for drug delivery applications has gained momentum due to their biochemical and biophysical properties over synthetic materials, including biocompatibility, ease of synthesis and purification, tunability, scalability, and lack of toxicity. These biomolecules have been used to develop a host of drug delivery platforms, such as peptide- and protein-drug conjugates, injectable particles, and drug depots to deliver small molecule drugs, therapeutic proteins, and nucleic acids. In this review, we discuss progress in engineering the architecture and biological functions of peptide-based biomaterials -naturally derived, chemically synthesized and recombinant- with a focus on the molecular features that modulate their structure-function relationships for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Lee SH, Matsunaga A, Oe T. Inhibition effect of pyridoxamine on lipid hydroperoxide-derived modifications to human serum albumin. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196050. [PMID: 29672562 PMCID: PMC5908094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxamine (PM) is a promising drug candidate for treating various chronic conditions/diseases in which oxidative stress and carbonyl compounds are important factors affecting pathogenicity. These abilities of PM are mainly attributed to its inhibition of advanced glycation and lipoxidation end product formation, by scavenging reactive carbonyl species. PM might therefore prevent protein damage from lipid hydroperoxide-derived aldehydes such as 4-oxo-2(E)-nonenal (ONE) and 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal (HNE) by trapping them. It was previously reported that PM reacts with ONE to produce pyrrolo-1,3-oxazine (PO8) through the formation of pyrido-1,3-oxazine (PO1/PO2). In this study, we found that ONE and HNE yield an identical product containing a pyrrole ring (PO7, PH2) upon reaction with PM. The structure of PO7/PH2 was shown by LC-MS and NMR analyses to be 1-(2-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-3-methylpyridin-4-ylmethyl)-2-pentylpyrrole. PO1, PO7/PH2, and PO8 were the main stable PM-ONE/HNE adducts. In the incubation of human serum albumin (HSA) with ONE or HNE, Lys residues provided the most favorable modification sites for both aldehydes, and the number of HNE-modified sites was higher than that of ONE-modified sites. When HSA was allowed to react with a linoleic acid hydroperoxide in the presence of ascorbic acid, ONE modified more residues (10 Lys, 3 His, 2 Arg) than did HNE (8 His, 2 Lys), indicating the relative reactivity of aldehydes towards amino acid residues. Upon treatment with increasing concentrations of PM, the concentrations of ONE-modified HSA peptides, but not of HNE-modified peptides, were reduced significantly and dose-dependently. Concomitantly, the formation of PM-ONE adducts increased in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition effect of PM was also confirmed in the cell system subjected to oxidative stress. Our results demonstrate that PM can inhibit lipid hydroperoxide-derived damage to proteins by trapping ONE preferentially, and the resulting PM-ONE adducts can be used as a dosimeter for ONE production to determine the levels of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Hwa Lee
- Department of Bio-analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- * E-mail: (SHL); (TO)
| | - Atsushi Matsunaga
- Department of Bio-analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Oe
- Department of Bio-analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- * E-mail: (SHL); (TO)
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Takahashi R, Fujioka S, Oe T, Lee SH. Stable isotope labeling by fatty acids in cell culture (SILFAC) coupled with isotope pattern dependent mass spectrometry for global screening of lipid hydroperoxide-mediated protein modifications. J Proteomics 2017; 166:101-114. [PMID: 28735093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipid hydroperoxide-mediated modifications of proteins are receiving increasing attention because of their possible involvement in various degenerative diseases. These biological effects are attributed to the ability of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes to react with the nucleophilic sites of proteins. Here we describe a methodology involving metabolic labeling coupled with mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis that enables global screening of lipid hydroperoxide-mediated protein modifications in a cell system. The lipidome of MCF-7 cells was labeled by incubating the cells with 1.4μM [13C18]-linoleic acid (LA) until the LA to [13C18]-LA ratio became 1:1. This approach was termed SILFAC (stable isotope labeling by fatty acids in cell culture). Analysis of the cellular phospholipids indicated that [13C18]-LA was incorporated quantitatively. The labeled cells were subjected to oxidative stress using a calcium ionophore and l-ascorbic acid, which promote the generation of reactive aldehydes from cellular LA and [13C18]-LA. After protein extraction and digestion with trypsin, isotope pattern dependent MS was used to analyze peptides modified by 1:1 ratios of the 12C and 13C aldehyde isomers. Using the current methodology, we identified the major lipid hydroperoxide-mediated modifications to proteins in MCF-7 cells without the need for chemical labeling or further affinity purification. SIGNIFICANCE Lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes (LPDAs) such as 4-oxo-2(E)-nonenal and 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal can readily react with proteins and peptides to produce a variety of covalent modifications and cross-linkages, resulting in protein dysfunction and altered gene regulation. Various analytical approaches have therefore been developed to detect and characterize protein modifications mediated by LPDAs. However, most of the methods are not specific for LPDA modifications or designed for proteins modified by a target aldehyde. Here we describe the coupling of stable isotope labeling by fatty acids in cell culture (SILFAC) with an isotope pattern dependent MS-based proteomic strategy to provide a global screening tool for the identification of lipid hydroperoxide-mediated protein modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takahashi
- Department of Bio-analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shuhei Fujioka
- Department of Bio-analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Oe
- Department of Bio-analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Seon Hwa Lee
- Department of Bio-analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.
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Zottig X, Laporte Wolwertz M, Golizeh M, Ohlund L, Sleno L, Bourgault S. Effects of oxidative post-translational modifications on structural stability and self-assembly of λ6 immunoglobulin light chain. Biophys Chem 2016; 219:59-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28804. [PMID: 27353345 PMCID: PMC4926285 DOI: 10.1038/srep28804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins, covalently modified by catechol estrogens (CEs), were identified recently from the blood serum of diabetic patients and referred to as estrogenized proteins. Estrogenization of circulating insulin may occur and affect its molecular functioning. Here, the chemical reactivity of CEs towards specific amino acid residues of proteins and the structural and functional changes induced by the estrogenization of insulin were studied using cyclic voltammetry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, circular dichroism spectroscopy, molecular modeling, and bioassays. Our results indicate that CEs, namely, 2- and 4-hydroxyl estrogens, were thermodynamically and kinetically more reactive than the catechol moiety. Upon co-incubation, intact insulin formed a substantial number of adducts with one or multiple CEs via covalent conjugation at its Cys 7 in the A or B chain, as well as at His10 or Lys29 in the B chain. Such conjugation was coupled with the cleavage of inter-chain disulfide linkages. Estrogenization on these sites may block the receptor-binding pockets of insulin. Insulin signaling and glucose uptake levels were lower in MCF-7 cells treated with modified insulin than in cells treated with native insulin. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that insulin molecules are susceptible to active estrogenization, and that such modification may alter the action of insulin.
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13
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Ugur Z, Gronert S. A Robust Analytical Approach for the Identification of Specific Protein Carbonylation Sites: Metal-Catalyzed Oxidations of Human Serum Albumin. ANAL LETT 2016; 50:567-579. [PMID: 28303033 DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1186171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The formation of protein carbonyls in the metal-catalyzed oxidation of human serum albumin (HSA) is characterized using a new analytical approach that involves tagging the modification site with multiple hydrazide reagents. Protein carbonyl formation at lysine and arginine residues was catalyzed with copper and iron ions, and the resulting oxidation patterns in HSA are contrasted. A total of 18 modification sites were identified with iron ion catalysis and 14 with copper ion catalysis. However, with the more stringent requirement of identification with at least two tagging reagents, the number of validated modification sites drops to 10 for iron and 9 for copper. Of the 14 total validated sites, there were only five in common for the two metal ions. The results illustrate the value of using multiple tagging agents and highlight the selective and specific nature of metal-catalyzed protein oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Ugur
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
| | - Scott Gronert
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
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14
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Regazzoni L, Colombo S, Mazzolari A, Vistoli G, Carini M. Serum albumin as a probe for testing the selectivity of irreversible cysteine protease inhibitors: The case of vinyl sulfones. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 124:294-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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15
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Khan F, Moinuddin, Mir AR, Islam S, Alam K, Ali A. Immunochemical studies on HNE-modified HSA: Anti-HNE–HSA antibodies as a probe for HNE damaged albumin in SLE. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 86:145-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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A cleavable biotin tagging reagent that enables the enrichment and identification of carbonylation sites in proteins. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:865-74. [PMID: 26613796 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The utility of a new, cleavable tag for identifying and enriching protein carbonyls is examined. Using a model system, human serum albumin modified with acrolein, the EZ-Link alkoxyamine-PEG4-SS-PEG4-biotin affinity tag, was tested for its ability to label protein carbonyls in proteomic analyses of protein carbonylation. The efficiency of the labeling was assayed and compared to standard biotin hydrazide reagents. The label was also tested in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) experiments. The quality of the fragmentation spectra was assessed and the relative detection efficiency of various modification sites was compared to standard biotin hydrazide reagents. Finally, the viability of using the label with streptavidin bead enrichment protocols in a standard proteomics workflow was probed.
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17
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Schaur RJ, Siems W, Bresgen N, Eckl PM. 4-Hydroxy-nonenal-A Bioactive Lipid Peroxidation Product. Biomolecules 2015; 5:2247-337. [PMID: 26437435 PMCID: PMC4693237 DOI: 10.3390/biom5042247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This review on recent research advances of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-nonenal (HNE) has four major topics: I. the formation of HNE in various organs and tissues, II. the diverse biochemical reactions with Michael adduct formation as the most prominent one, III. the endogenous targets of HNE, primarily peptides and proteins (here the mechanisms of covalent adduct formation are described and the (patho-) physiological consequences discussed), and IV. the metabolism of HNE leading to a great number of degradation products, some of which are excreted in urine and may serve as non-invasive biomarkers of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf J Schaur
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 33a, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Werner Siems
- Institute for Medical Education, KortexMed GmbH, Hindenburgring 12a, 38667 Bad Harzburg, Germany.
| | - Nikolaus Bresgen
- Division of Genetics, Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Peter M Eckl
- Division of Genetics, Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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18
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Covalent modification of human serum albumin by the natural sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide. Molecules 2015; 20:6211-23. [PMID: 25859779 PMCID: PMC6272280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactivity of parthenolide (PRT), a natural sesquiterpene lactone from Tanacetum parthenium (Asteraceae), with human serum albumin (HSA) was studied by UHPLC/+ESI-QqTOF MS analysis after tryptic digestion of albumin samples after incubation with this compound. It was found that the single free cysteine residue, C34, of HSA (0.6 mM) reacted readily with PRT when incubated at approximately 13-fold excess of PRT (8 mM). Time-course studies with PRT and its 11β,13-dihydro derivative at equimolar ratios of the reactants revealed that PRT under the chosen conditions reacts preferably with C34 and does so exclusively via its α-methylene-γ-lactone moiety, while the epoxide structure is not involved in the reaction.
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19
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Yang J, Tallman KA, Porter NA, Liebler DC. Quantitative chemoproteomics for site-specific analysis of protein alkylation by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in cells. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2535-41. [PMID: 25654326 PMCID: PMC4350606 DOI: 10.1021/ac504685y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Protein alkylation by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
(HNE), an endogenous
lipid derived electrophile, contributes to stress signaling and cellular
toxicity. Although previous work has identified protein targets for
HNE alkylation, the sequence specificity of alkylation and dynamics
in a cellular context remain largely unexplored. We developed a new
quantitative chemoproteomic platform, which uses isotopically tagged,
photocleavable azido-biotin reagents to selectively capture and quantify
the cellular targets labeled by the alkynyl analogue of HNE (aHNE).
Our analyses site-specifically identified and quantified 398 aHNE
protein alkylation events (386 cysteine sites and 12 histidine sites)
in intact cells. This data set expands by at least an order of magnitude
the number of such modification sites previously reported. Although
adducts formed by Michael addition are thought to be largely irreversible,
we found that most aHNE modifications are lost rapidly in
situ. Moreover, aHNE adduct turnover occurs only in intact
cells and loss rates are site-selective. This quantitative chemoproteomics
platform provides a versatile general approach to map bioorthogonal-chemically
engineered post-translational modifications and their cellular dynamics
in a site-specific and unbiased manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , 465 21st Avenue South, U1213 MRB III, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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20
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Krantz A, Hanel AM, Strug I, Wilczynski A, Wolff JJ, Huang W, Huang LH, Settineri T, Holmes DL, Hardy MC, Bridon DP. Site-specific Labeling of a Protein Lysine Residue By Novel Kinetic Labeling Combinatorial Libraries. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2014; 9:e201403001. [PMID: 24757504 PMCID: PMC3995232 DOI: 10.5936/csbj.201403001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The first example of a kinetic labeling library designed to enable the discovery of affinity labels is presented. Each library component (1) consists of a variable peptidyl component linked to a biotinyl moiety by a 4-mercaptobenzoyl linker in thioester format. We demonstrate that an affinity label can be uncovered by measuring reaction rates between library pools and the protein target, human serum albumin (HSA) and identifying significant outliers. By choosing peptide functionality compatible with a potentially reactive thioester labeling entity, libraries can be screened in pools. It is noteworthy that a limited subset of amino acids (R, S, E, F, Y, l, M, W, and Q) that compose the affinity moiety is sufficient to produce rate variances that guide the discovery process. After two rounds of deconvolution, J-FLYEE-NH2 (7-E) emerges as a bona fide affinity label of HSA. Unlike known affinity labels, the affinity moiety is not retained in the protein product, but is extruded upon acylation of the protein. This feature affords a method of introducing various payloads, without extraneous elements, onto protein frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Krantz
- Advanced Proteome Therapeutics Inc., 650 Albany Street, Suite 113, Boston, MA 02118, United States ; RedCell Inc., 270-B Littlefield Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States (Renamed ConjuChem LLC. Current address: 11755 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90025.)
| | - Arthur M Hanel
- RedCell Inc., 270-B Littlefield Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States (Renamed ConjuChem LLC. Current address: 11755 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90025.)
| | - Ivona Strug
- Advanced Proteome Therapeutics Inc., 650 Albany Street, Suite 113, Boston, MA 02118, United States ; Current address: EMD Millipore, 17 Cherry Hill Drive, Danvers, Massachusetts, 01923, United States
| | - Andrzej Wilczynski
- Advanced Proteome Therapeutics Inc., 650 Albany Street, Suite 113, Boston, MA 02118, United States
| | - Jeremy J Wolff
- Bruker Daltonics Inc., 40 Manning Road, Billerica, MA 01821, United States
| | - Wolin Huang
- RedCell Inc., 270-B Littlefield Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States (Renamed ConjuChem LLC. Current address: 11755 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90025.)
| | - Linda H Huang
- RedCell Inc., 270-B Littlefield Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States (Renamed ConjuChem LLC. Current address: 11755 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90025.)
| | - Tina Settineri
- RedCell Inc., 270-B Littlefield Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States (Renamed ConjuChem LLC. Current address: 11755 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90025.) ; Current address: Thermo Fisher Scientific, 355 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, CA 95134, United States
| | - Darren L Holmes
- RedCell Inc., 270-B Littlefield Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States (Renamed ConjuChem LLC. Current address: 11755 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90025.)
| | - Margaret C Hardy
- RedCell Inc., 270-B Littlefield Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States (Renamed ConjuChem LLC. Current address: 11755 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90025.)
| | - Dominique P Bridon
- RedCell Inc., 270-B Littlefield Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States (Renamed ConjuChem LLC. Current address: 11755 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 2000, Los Angeles, CA 90025.) ; Current address: Optivia Biotechnology Inc., 115 Constitution Drive, Suite 7, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States
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21
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Mermelekas G, Makridakis M, Koeck T, Vlahou A. Redox proteomics: from residue modifications to putative biomarker identification by gel- and LC-MS-based approaches. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 10:537-49. [DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2013.855611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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22
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Wang Y, Yu H, Shi X, Luo Z, Lin D, Huang M. Structural mechanism of ring-opening reaction of glucose by human serum albumin. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:15980-7. [PMID: 23592780 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.467027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose reacts with proteins nonenzymatically under physiological conditions. Such glycation is exacerbated in diabetic patients with high levels of blood sugar and induces various complications. Human albumin serum (HSA) is the most abundant protein in plasma and is glycated by glucose. The glycation sites on HSA remain controversial among different studies. Here, we report two protein crystal structures of HSA in complex with either glucose or fructose. These crystal structures reveal the presence of linear forms of sugar for both monosaccharides. The linear form of glucose forms a covalent bond to Lys-195 of HSA, but this is not the case for fructose. Based on these structures, we propose a mechanism for glucose ring opening involving both residues Lys-195 and Lys-199. These results provide mechanistic insights to understand the glucose ring-opening reaction and the glycation of proteins by monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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23
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Liu Q, Simpson DC, Gronert S. Carbonylation of mitochondrial aconitase with 4-hydroxy-2-(E)-nonenal: localization and relative reactivity of addition sites. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:1144-54. [PMID: 23518448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry was used to investigate the effects of exposing mitochondrial aconitase (ACO2) to the membrane lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxy-2-(E)-nonenal (HNE). ACO2 was selected for this study because (1) it is known to be inactivated by HNE, (2) elevated concentrations of HNE-adducted ACO2 have been associated with disease states, (3) extensive structural information is available, and (4) the iron-sulfur cluster in ACO2 offers a critical target for HNE adduction. The aim of this study was to relate the inactivation of ACO2 by HNE to structural features. Initially, Western blotting and an enzyme activity assay were used to assess aggregate effects and then gel electrophoresis, in-gel digestion, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) were used to identify HNE addition sites. HNE addition reaction rates were determined for the most significant sites using the iTRAQ approach. The most reactive sites were Cys(358), Cys(421), and Cys(424), the three iron-sulfur cluster-coordinating cysteines, Cys(99), the closest non-ligated cysteine to the cluster, and Cys(565), which is located in the cleft leading to the active site. Interestingly, both enzyme activity assay and iTRAQ relative abundance plots appeared to be trending toward horizontal asymptotes, rather than completion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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24
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Chowdhury R, Chattoraj S, Mojumdar SS, Bhattacharyya K. FRET between a donor and an acceptor covalently bound to human serum albumin in native and non-native states. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:16286-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52296b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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25
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Comparing the efficiencies of hydrazide labels in the study of protein carbonylation in human serum albumin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:1399-411. [PMID: 22811063 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we establish a methodology for comparing the efficiencies of different hydrazide labels for detecting protein carbonyls. We have chosen acrolein-modified human serum albumin as a model. This system provides a convenient means of reproducibly generating carbonylated protein. Five hydrazide-based labels were tested. Three carry a biotin affinity tag, and the others are simple fatty acid hydrazides. For the biotin-based labels, the yield of the labeling reaction varies considerably, and the most commonly used label, biotin hydrazide, gives the lowest yield. The total tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectrum counts of modified peptides are similar for all of the biotin-based tags, indicating that factors beyond the labeling efficiency are important in determining the effectiveness of the label. In addition, there is a large variation in the number of spectra obtained for specific, modified peptides depending on the nature of the labeling group. This variation implies that the relative detectability of a particular modification site is highly dependent on the tagging reagent, and more importantly, titration schemes aimed at identifying the most reactive site based on its threshold concentration will be biased by the choice of tagging reagent. The fatty acid hydrazides are somewhat more effective than the biotin-based hydrazides in generating identifiable MS/MS spectra but offer no opportunity for enrichment. For the biotin-based tags, avidin affinity chromatography was used with the tryptic digests, and each tag led to similar enrichment levels.
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