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Lin Z, Cai Z. Negative ion laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis of small molecules by using nanostructured substrate as matrices. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:681-696. [PMID: 29509966 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is an excellent analytical technique for rapid and sensitive analysis of macromolecules such as polymers and proteins. However, the main drawback of MALDI-TOF MS is its difficulty to detect small molecules with mass below 700 Da because of the intensive interference from MALDI matrix in the low mass region. In recent years there has been considerable interest in developing matrix-free laser desorption/ionization by using nanostructured substrates to substitute the conventional organic matrices, which is often referred as surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SALDI-TOF MS). Despite these attractive features, most of the current SALDI-TOF MS for the analysis of small molecules employ positive ion mode, which is subjected to produce multiple alkali metal adducts, and thus increases the complexity of the analysis. Different from the complicated adducts produced in positive ion mode, mass spectra obtained in negative ion mode are featured by deprotonated ion peaks without matrix interference, which simplifies the interpretation of mass spectra and detection of unknown. In this review, we critically survey recent advances in nanostructured substrates for negative ion LDI-TOF MS analysis of small molecules in the last 5 years. Special emphasis is placed on the preparation of the nanostructured substrates and the results achieved in negative ion SALDI-MS. In addition, a variety of promising applications including environmental, biological, and clinical analysis are introduced. The ionization mechanism of negative ionization is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
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Gopal J, Chun S, Anthonydhason V, Jung S, Mwang’ombe BN, Muthu M, Sivanesan I. Assays Evaluating Antimicrobial Activity of Nanoparticles: A Myth Buster. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hasan N, Guo Z, Wu HF. Large protein analysis of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by MALDI TOF mass spectrometry using amoxicillin functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6269-81. [PMID: 27565791 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria or their protein and peptide entity enrichment using biomolecules-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, and analysis by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) is a promising technique to analyze microorganisms. High and low molecular weight proteins like penicillin-binding proteins are responsible for final step synthesis of peptidoglycan biosynthesis; those are the target of lactam antibiotics. In this paper, we synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (mag-NPs) and further modified them with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and then the β-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin was covalently linked to their surface. β-Lactam group attributes as penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) in bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used as model bacteria for enrichment based on the β-lactam affinity of magnetic nanoparticles, and then the bacteria were easily separated by an external magnet. Several high molecular weight penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) were detected by MALDI MS containing 10(4) and 10(3) colony-forming unit (cfu) per milileter (mL) of S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. In the case of E. coli, higher molecular weight PBPs were observed at 20 to 55 kDa in MALDI mass spectra. However, S. aureus bacteria resulted with femAB operon-based proteins, with molecular weight of 49570.4 Da, by MALDI MS after using amoxicillin functionalized-mag-NPs. The current approach provides an effective bacteria detection and preconcentration method that has high potential in the near future for fast and sensitive diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria infection. Graphical Abstract Schematic for large proteins analysis by MALDI TOF MS (a) mag-NPs and bacterial interaction (b) Penicillin binding proteins trapping by Amox-mag-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazim Hasan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70, Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 2097, Jazan, 82621, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhongxian Guo
- Water Quality Office, Public Utilities Board, 82 Toh Guan Road East, Water Hub, # C4-03, Singapore, 608576, Singapore
| | - Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70, Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70, Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
- Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
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Nawaz MI, Hasan N, Wu HF. CoFe2 O4 -ZnO nanoparticles for rapid microwave-assisted tryptic digestion of phosphoprotein and phosphopeptide analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:1443-1453. [PMID: 27321831 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins that plays very important role in a large number of biological processes. However, despite recent advancements in phosphoproteome research, large-scale detection and characterization of phosphopeptides by mass spectrometry (MS) is still a challenging task due to the low abundance of phosphopeptides and sub-stoichiometric nature of phosphorylation sites. On-particle microwave-assisted trypsin digestion of phosphoproteins and enrichment of phosphopeptides is an effective method for identification/characterization of phosphopeptides. Magnetic nanoparticles typically can absorb microwave radiation and generate heat in order to resolve complex phosphproteins and to enhance the digestion rate and capture the phosphopeptides on their modified surfaces. METHODS In this study, we used a cheap and efficient method for rapid microwave-assisted tryptic digestion of phosphoproteins and simultaneous enrichment of phosphopeptides using CoFe2 O4 -ZnO magnetic nanoparticles. Using this technique, the digestion time of phosphoproteins can be reduced and the phosphopeptides can be quickly analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). For the first time, we have applied CoFe2 O4 -ZnO magnetic nanoparticles for enrichment of phosphopeptides from standard phosphoproteins (β-casein and ovalbumin), complex samples (human serum and egg white) and a protein mixture of β-casein and BSA (1:100). RESULTS Our results demonstrate that the capture efficiency of CoFe2 O4 -ZnO nanoparticles for β-casein and ovalbumin in MALDI-TOFMS is very high (detection limits 0.2 fmol and 20 fmol, respectively). The CoFe2 O4 -ZnO nanoparticles have high affinity for phosphopeptide enrichment for β-casein in complex mixtures with BSA at 1:10 and 1:100 molar ratios in the microwave within 30 s. CONCLUSIONS Compared with other reported magnetic nanoparticles, the CoFe2 O4 -ZnO nanoparticles are easy to prepare and handle, and can save time in the phosphopeptide enrichment procedure, making these nanoparticle a good choice for highly sensitive phosphopeptide enrichment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Imtiaz Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Nazim Hasan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, 82621, KSA
| | - Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat - Sen University and Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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Chang HY, Huang MF, Hsu CL, Huang CC, Chang HT. Analyses of functional polymer-modified nanoparticles for protein sensing by surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry coupled with HgTe nanomatrices. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 130:157-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Kailasa SK, Wu HF. Nanomaterial-based miniaturized extraction and preconcentration techniques coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for assaying biomolecules. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chiu TC. Recent advances in bacteria identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry using nanomaterials as affinity probes. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:7266-80. [PMID: 24786089 PMCID: PMC4057671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15057266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying trace amounts of bacteria rapidly, accurately, selectively, and with high sensitivity is important to ensuring the safety of food and diagnosing infectious bacterial diseases. Microbial diseases constitute the major cause of death in many developing and developed countries of the world. The early detection of pathogenic bacteria is crucial in preventing, treating, and containing the spread of infections, and there is an urgent requirement for sensitive, specific, and accurate diagnostic tests. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is an extremely selective and sensitive analytical tool that can be used to characterize different species of pathogenic bacteria. Various functionalized or unmodified nanomaterials can be used as affinity probes to capture and concentrate microorganisms. Recent developments in bacterial detection using nanomaterials-assisted MALDI-MS approaches are highlighted in this article. A comprehensive table listing MALDI-MS approaches for identifying pathogenic bacteria, categorized by the nanomaterials used, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Chia Chiu
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, 684 Section 1, Chunghua Road, Taitung 95002, Taiwan.
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Bhardwaj C, Hanley L. Ion sources for mass spectrometric identification and imaging of molecular species. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:756-67. [PMID: 24473154 DOI: 10.1039/c3np70094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2013 The ability to transfer molecular species to the gas phase and ionize them is central to the study of natural products and other molecular species by mass spectrometry (MS). MS-based strategies in natural products have focused on a few established ion sources, such as electron impact and electrospray ionization. However, a variety of other ion sources are either currently in use to evaluate natural products or show significant future promise. This review discusses these various ion sources in the context of other articles in this special issue, but is also applicable to other fields of analysis, including materials science. Ion sources are grouped based on the current understanding of their predominant ion formation mechanisms. This broad overview groups ion sources into the following categories: electron ionization and single photon ionization; chemical ionization-like and plasma-based; electrospray ionization; and, laser desorption-based. Laser desorption-based methods are emphasized with specific examples given for laser desorption postionization sources and their use in the analysis of intact microbial biofilms. Brief consideration is given to the choice of ion source for various sample types and analyses, including MS imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhavi Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, mc 111, Chicago, IL 60607-7061.
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Zhou KY, Jin HH, Bai ZQ, Liu CB. Pituitary adenoma biomarkers identified using proteomic fingerprint technology. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:4093-5. [PMID: 23098522 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.8.4093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether pituitary adenomas can be diagnosed by identifying protein biomarkers in the serum. METHODS We compared serum proteins from 65 pituitary adenoma patients and 90 healthy donors using proteomic fingerprint technology combining magnetic beads with matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). RESULTS A total of 42 M/Z peaks were identified as related to pituitary adenoma (P<0.01). A diagnostic model established based on three biomarkers (3382.0, 4601.9, 9191.2) showed that the sensitivity of diagnosing pituitary adenoma was 90.0% and the specificity was 88.3%. The model was further tested by blind analysis showing that the sensitivity was 88.0% and the specificity was 83.3%. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that proteomic fingerprint technology can be used to identify pituitary adenoma biomarkers and the model based on three biomarkers (3382.0, 4601.9, 9191.2) provides a powerful and reliable method for diagnosing pituitary adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou Medical College, Taizhou, China.
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Gopal J, Manikandan M, Hasan N, Lee CH, Wu HF. A comparative study on the mode of interaction of different nanoparticles during MALDI-MS of bacterial cells. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:119-127. [PMID: 23303755 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We propose the benefits of preincubation during nanoparticle-assisted bacterial analysis, where the bacteria are grown along with the nanoparticles. We were able to obtain a two to ten fold enhancement of bacterial signals in 3 h compared to the generally used methodology followed in previous literature. The previous literature method required a long time (18 h) to obtain such an enhancement. We probe the interactions of two bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with Ag, NiO, Pt TiO(2) and ZnO nanoparticles via transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS). Based on these results, we propose a mechanism for interaction of these five nanoparticles with bacteria. Two mechanisms were observed for the interactions: (1) Mechanism A is proposed for the Pt and NiO NPs which functioned based on affinity for bacterial cells. (2) Mechanism B was proposed for the bactericidal NPs such as TiO(2), ZnO and Ag NPs. The results indicate that the success of the unmodified NPs in MALDI-MS bacterial studies lies in following the ideal protocol for incubation at the ideal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Gopal
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat - Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70, Lien-Hai Road, 80424, Taiwan
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Hasan N, Ahmad F, Wu HF. Monitoring the heat stress response of Escherichia coli via NiO nanoparticle assisted MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Talanta 2012. [PMID: 23200356 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The heat stress response of Escherichia coli at various temperatures has been investigated using NiO nanoparticles assisted MALDI-TOF-MS. Significant numbers of protein peaks were obtained in the presence of NiO NPs when the samples were incubated at various temperatures in comparison with the control E. coli suspension (10(7)cfu/mL). The 10 kDa chaperonin (groES) is the principal protein operating both for the protection of proteins from denaturation and in the assembly of newly synthesized proteins. During the heat stress response with NiO NPs, 10 kDa chaperonin (grosES) proteins were detected using MALDI-TOF MS. The viability of E. coli was checked on LB agar plates at different temperatures and time treatments. In the presence of NiO NPs, viability decreases drastically; this has been explored and correlated with the MALDI-TOF MS results. Further, surface morphological changes of E. coli at different temperatures were investigated with NiO NPs by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The response of heat stress toward E. coli for generating more stable protein ions can be applied for bacterial detection under high temperature conditions from biological, clinical and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazim Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 70, Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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