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Pullen S, Hegmans A, Hiller WG, Platzek A, Freisinger E, Lippert B. On the Heterogeneous Nature of Cisplatin-1-Methyluracil Complexes: Coexistence of Different Aggregation Modes and Partial Loss of NH 3 Ligands as Likely Explanation. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:28-45. [PMID: 33448132 PMCID: PMC7809254 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of the 1 : 1-complex of Cisplatin with 1-methyluracil (1MeUH), cis-[Pt(NH3 )2 (1MeU-N3)Cl] (1 a) to the aqua species cis-[Pt(NH3 )2 (1MeU-N3)(OH2 )]+ (1 b), achieved by reaction of 1 a with AgNO3 in water, affords a mixture of compounds, the composition of which strongly depends on sample history. The complexity stems from variations in condensation patterns and partial loss of NH3 ligands. In dilute aqueous solution, 1 a, and dinuclear compounds cis-[(NH3 )2 (1MeU-N3)Pt(μ-OH)Pt(1MeU-N3)(NH3 )2 ]+ (3) as well as head-tail cis-[Pt2 (NH3 )4 (μ-1MeU-N3,O4)2 ]2+ (4) represent the major components. In addition, there are numerous other species present in minor quantities, which differ in metal nuclearity, stoichiometry, stereoisomerism, and Pt oxidation state, as revealed by a combination of 1 H NMR and ESI-MS spectroscopy. Their composition appears not to be the consequence of a unique and repeating coordination pattern of the 1MeU ligand in oligomers but rather the coexistence of distinctly different condensation patterns, which include μ-OH, μ-1MeU, and μ-NH2 bridging and combinations thereof. Consequently, the products obtained should, in total, be defined as a heterogeneous mixture rather than a mixture of oligomers of different sizes. In addition, a N2 complex, [Pt(NH3 )(1MeU)(N2 )]+ appears to be formed in gas phase during the ESI-MS experiment. In the presence of Na+ ions, multimers n of 1 a with n=2, 3, 4 are formed that represent analogues of non-metalated uracil quartets found in tetrastranded RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Pullen
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie (CCB)Technische Universität DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 644221DortmundGermany
| | - Alexander Hegmans
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie (CCB)Technische Universität DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 644221DortmundGermany
| | - Wolf G. Hiller
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie (CCB)Technische Universität DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 644221DortmundGermany
| | - André Platzek
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie (CCB)Technische Universität DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 644221DortmundGermany
| | - Eva Freisinger
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie (CCB)Technische Universität DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 644221DortmundGermany
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Bernhard Lippert
- Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie (CCB)Technische Universität DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 644221DortmundGermany
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2
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Linscheid MW. Molecules and elements for quantitative bioanalysis: The allure of using electrospray, MALDI, and ICP mass spectrometry side-by-side. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2019; 38:169-186. [PMID: 29603315 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To understand biological processes, not only reliable identification, but quantification of constituents in biological processes play a pivotal role. This is especially true for the proteome: protein quantification must follow protein identification, since sometimes minute changes in abundance tell the real tale. To obtain quantitative data, many sophisticated strategies using electrospray and MALDI mass spectrometry (MS) have been developed in recent years. All of them have advantages and limitations. Several years ago, we started to work on strategies, which are principally capable to overcome some of these limits. The fundamental idea is to use elemental signals as a measure for quantities. We began by replacing the radioactive 32 P with the "cold" natural 31 P to quantify modified nucleotides and phosphorylated peptides and proteins and later used tagging strategies for quantification of proteins more generally. To do this, we introduced Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) into the bioanalytical workflows, allowing not only reliable and sensitive detection but also quantification based on isotope dilution absolute measurements using poly-isotopic elements. The detection capability of ICP-MS becomes particularly attractive with heavy metals. The covalently bound proteins tags developed in our group are based on the well-known DOTA chelate complex (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid) carrying ions of lanthanoides as metal core. In this review, I will outline the development of this mutual assistance between molecular and elemental mass spectrometry and discuss the scope and limitations particularly of peptide and protein quantification. The lanthanoide tags provide low detection limits, but offer multiplexing capabilities due to the number of very similar lanthanoides and their isotopes. With isotope dilution comes previously unknown accuracy. Separation techniques such as electrophoresis and HPLC were used and just slightly adapted workflows, already in use for quantification in bioanalysis. Imaging mass spectrometry (MSI) with MALDI and laser ablation ICP-MS complemented the range of application in recent years.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Chelating Agents/chemistry
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/instrumentation
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/chemistry
- Humans
- Lanthanoid Series Elements/chemistry
- Nucleotides/analysis
- Proteins/analysis
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/instrumentation
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/instrumentation
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods
- Workflow
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Cheng Y, Zeng W, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Zou T, Wu K, Wang F. Selective binding of an organoruthenium complex to G-rich human telomeric sequence by tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:2152-2158. [PMID: 30252980 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Human telomeric DNA is reported to be a potential target for anticancer organometallic ruthenium(II) complexes, however, the interaction sites were not clearly discriminated and identified. METHODS In the current study, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using collision-induced dissociation (CID) was firstly introduced to identify the interaction sites of an organometallic ruthenium(II) complex [(η6 -biphenyl)Ru(en)Cl][PF6 ] (1; en = ethylenediamine) with 5'-T1 T2 A3 G4 G5 G6 -3' (I), the repeating unit of human telomeric DNA, in both positive- and negative-ion mode at a low reaction molar ratio (1/I = 0.2) which was applied to preserve the site selectivity. RESULTS Mass spectrometric results showed that mono-ruthenated I was the main product under the conditions. In positive-ion mode, MS/MS results indicated that ruthenium complex 1 binds to T2 or G6 in strand I. However, in negative-ion mode, no efficient information was obtained for exact identification of ruthenation sites which may be attributed to losses of fragment ions due to charge neutralization by the coordination of the positively charged ruthenium complex to the short MS/MS fragments. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of using top-down MS to characterize the interactions of organometallic ruthenium(II) complexes and human telomeric DNA. Thymine can be thermodynamically competitive with guanine for binding to ruthenium complexes even at low reaction molar ratio, which inspired us to explore in greater depth the significance of thymine binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Zeng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Jishuai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Tao Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Kui Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, PR China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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4
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Titanocene binding to oligonucleotides. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 184:1-7. [PMID: 29635096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The binding of titanocene to DNA and RNA was examined by means of electrospray mass spectrometry. Titanocene served as a model for its therapeutically active derivatives. The binding preferences were probed by competition experiments with oligonucleotides of varying nucleobase compositions and sequences. Results from competition experiments revealed a generally increased preference for the binding to phosphate groups adjacent to thymidines, which is affected by the nucleobase sequence of T-rich oligonucleotides. More detailed information about the binding sites was obtained from tandem mass spectrometric experiments. The binding of the transition metal coordination center significantly altered the fragment ion patterns of the oligonucleotides. RNA was found to be less prone to adduct formation, due to intramolecular interactions. The findings from experiments on DNA and RNA were complemented by the examination of backbone- and ribose-modified oligonucleotides.
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Eberle RP, Hari Y, Schürch S. Specific Interactions of Antitumor Metallocenes with Deoxydinucleoside Monophosphates. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1901-1909. [PMID: 28500584 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bent metallocenes Cp2MCl2 (M = Ti, V, Nb, Mo) are known to exhibit cytotoxic activity against a variety of cancer types. Though the mechanism of action is not fully understood yet, the accumulation of the metal ions in the nucleus points towards DNA as one of the primary targets. A set of eight deoxydinucleoside monophosphates was used to study the adduct yields with metallocenes and cisplatin. The binding affinities are reflected by the relative intensities of the adducts and were found to follow the order of Pt > V > Ti > Mo (no adducts were detected with Nb). High-resolution tandem mass spectrometry was applied to locate the binding patterns in the deoxydinucleoside monophosphates. Whereas cisplatin binds to the soft nitrogen atoms in the purine nucleobases, the metallocenes additionally interact with the hard phosphate oxygen, which is in good agreement with the hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases (HSAB) concept. However, the binding specificities were found to be unique for each metallocene. The hard Lewis acids titanium and vanadium predominantly bind to the deprotonated phosphate oxygen, whereas molybdenum, an intermediate Lewis acid, preferentially interacts with the nucleobases. Nucleobases comprise alternative binding sites for titanium and vanadium, presumably oxygen atoms for the first and nitrogen atoms for the latter. In summary, the intrinsic binding behavior of the different metallodrugs is reflected by the gas-phase dissociation of the adducts. Consequently, MS/MS can provide insights into therapeutically relevant interactions between metallodrugs and their cellular targets. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel P Eberle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yvonne Hari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schürch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Štarha P, Vančo J, Trávníček Z. Platinum complexes containing adenine-based ligands: An overview of selected structural features. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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7
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Analytical approaches to investigating metal-containing drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 106:210-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Wu K, Hu W, Luo Q, Li X, Xiong S, Sadler PJ, Wang F. Competitive binding sites of a ruthenium arene anticancer complex on oligonucleotides studied by mass spectrometry: ladder-sequencing versus top-down. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:410-420. [PMID: 23404464 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report identification of the binding sites for an organometallic ruthenium anticancer complex [(η (6)-biphenyl)Ru(en)Cl][PF6] (1; en = ethylenediamine) on the 15-mer single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), 5'-CTCTCTX7G8Y9CTTCTC-3' [X = Y = T (I); X = C and Y = A (II); X = A and Y = T (III); X = T and Y = A (IV)] by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in conjunction with enzymatic digestion or tandem mass spectrometry (top-down MS). ESI-MS combined with enzymatic digestion (termed MS-based ladder-sequencing), is effective for identification of the thermodynamically-favored G-binding sites, but not applicable to determine the thermodynamically unstable T-binding sites because the T-bound adducts dissociate during enzymatic digestion. In contrast, top-down MS is efficient for localization of the T binding sites, but not suitable for mapping ruthenated G bases, due to the facile fragmentation of G bases from ODN backbones prior to the dissociation of the phosphodiester bonds. The combination of the two MS approaches reveals that G8 in each ODN is the preferred binding site for 1, and that the T binding sites of 1 are either T7 or T11 on I and IV, and either T6 or T11 on II and III, respectively. These findings not only demonstrate for the first time that T-bases in single-stranded oligonucleotides are kinetically competitive with guanine for such organoruthenium complexes, but also illustrate the relative merits of the combination of ladder-sequencing and top-down MS approaches to elucidate the interactions of metal anticancer complexes with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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9
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Revisiting the head–head dinuclear 1-methyluracil complex of cisplatin: New insights into its solution behavior. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2012.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Song H, Wang R, Xiao H, Cai H, Zhang W, Xie Z, Huang Y, Jing X, Liu T. A cross-linked polymeric micellar delivery system for cisplatin(IV) complex. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 83:63-75. [PMID: 23046872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A polymeric cisplatin(IV) prodrug in the form of cross-linked micelles (M(Pt(IV)) was prepared by first constructing MPEG-b-PCL-b-PLL micelles and then attaching a cisplatin(IV) complex with two axial succinic moieties to the lysine residues of the carrier polymer in aqueous medium. The micelles obtained were characterized by TEM, DLS, and zeta potential measurement. Their in vitro release experiments were carried out at pH 7.4 and 5.0 or in the presence of 5mM sodium ascorbate (NaAsc). Results showed that the micelles were sensitive to both acidic hydrolysis and mild reducing agents; in the presence of 5mM NaAsc, cisplatin(II) was directly released and the released cisplatin(II) could chelate with nucleobases; the micelles displayed comparable cytotoxicities to cisplatin; and the micelles were much more efficiently internalized by the cells than cisplatin(II) and cisplatin(IV) counterparts. Moreover, in vivo study showed accumulation of more Pt species in the tumor site and lower systematic toxicity compared to free cisplatin(II) and cisplatin(IV). This polymeric prodrug of cisplatin is expected to be used more for future study and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Song
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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11
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Mowaka S, Ziehe M, Mohamed D, Hochkirch U, Thomale J, Linscheid MW. Structures of oxaliplatin-oligonucleotide adducts from DNA. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:1282-1293. [PMID: 23019159 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin, [(1R,2R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine](ethanedioato-O,O')platinum(II) shows a great efficiency against colorectal cancer. Although the mode of action of oxaliplatin is not yet understood, it is commonly accepted that binding of oxaliplatin to DNA prevents DNA synthesis and alters protein to DNA binding. In order to elucidate the modified DNA-protein interaction and thus to understand the mechanisms leading to cellular misinterpretation of DNA information and apoptosis, we have identified the preferential binding sites and the dynamics of the oxaliplatin-DNA intrastrand and interstrand adducts at the oligomer level using high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS/MS) and HPLC/inductively coupled plasma-MS for quantitative studies. We used a combination of benzonase, alkaline phosphatase and Nuclease S1 for digestion. This digestion procedure allows the study of platinated oligomeric nucleotides and more complex interstrand adducts. The digestion products were mostly chromatographically separated and characterized using HPLC/ESI-ion trap MS/MS experiments. We could show that the adducts to guanine and adenine are quite dynamic; that is, the ratios are changing for several days. In addition, the resulting adducts provide evidence for the action of the digesting enzymes and indicate that the adduct spectrum at the oligomeric level is different to that at the commonly studies dinucleotide level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Mowaka
- Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Ziehe M, Esteban-Fernández D, Hochkirch U, Thomale J, Linscheid MW. On the complexity and dynamics of in vivo Cisplatin–DNA adduct formation using HPLC/ICP-MS. Metallomics 2012; 4:1098-104. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20128c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Harrington CF, Le Pla RC, Jones GDD, Thomas AL, Farmer PB. Determination of Cisplatin 1,2-Intrastrand Guanine−Guanine DNA Adducts in Human Leukocytes by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Chem Res Toxicol 2010; 23:1313-21. [DOI: 10.1021/tx100023c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris F. Harrington
- Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group, and Radiation & Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, LE1 7RH, and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester and Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom LE1 5WW
| | - Rachel C. Le Pla
- Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group, and Radiation & Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, LE1 7RH, and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester and Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom LE1 5WW
| | - George D. D. Jones
- Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group, and Radiation & Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, LE1 7RH, and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester and Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom LE1 5WW
| | - Anne L. Thomas
- Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group, and Radiation & Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, LE1 7RH, and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester and Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom LE1 5WW
| | - Peter B. Farmer
- Cancer Biomarkers and Prevention Group, and Radiation & Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, LE1 7RH, and Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester and Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom LE1 5WW
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14
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Campbell MA, Miller PS. Phosphodiester-mediated reaction of cisplatin with guanine in oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Biochemistry 2009; 47:12931-8. [PMID: 18991396 DOI: 10.1021/bi801000w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cancer chemotherapeutic agent cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) or cisplatin reacts primarily with guanines in DNA to form 1,2-Pt-GG and 1,3-Pt-GNG intrastrand cross-links and, to a lesser extent, G-G interstrand cross-links. Recent NMR evidence has suggested that cisplatin can also form a coordination complex with the phosphodiester internucleotide linkage of DNA. We have examined the effects of the phosphodiester backbone on the reactions of cisplatin with oligodeoxyribonucleotides that lack or contain a GTG sequence. Cisplatin forms a stable adduct with TpT that can be isolated by reversed phase HPLC. The cis-Pt-TpT adduct contains a single Pt, as determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and is resistant to digestion by snake venom phosphodiesterase. Treatment of the adduct with sodium cyanide regenerates TpT. Similar adduct formation was observed when T(pT)(8) was treated with cisplatin, but not when the phosphodiester linkages of T(pT)(8) were replaced with methylphosphonate groups. These results suggest that the platinum may be coordinated with the oxygens of the thymine and possibly with those of the phosphodiester group. As expected, reaction of a 9-mer containing a GTG sequence with cisplatin yielded an adduct that contained a 1,3-Pt-GTG intrastrand cross-link. However, we found that the number and placement of phosphodiesters surrounding a GTG sequence significantly affected intrastrand cross-link formation. Increasing the number of negatively charged phosphodiesters in the oligonucleotide increased the amount of GTG platination. Surrounding the GTG sequence with nonionic methylphosphonate linkages inhibited or eliminated cross-link formation. These observations suggest that interactions between cisplatin and the negatively charged phosphodiester backbone may play an important role in facilitating platination of guanine nucleotides in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan A Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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15
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Mowaka S, Linscheid M. Separation and characterization of oxaliplatin dinucleotides from DNA using HPLC-ESI ion trap mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 392:819-30. [PMID: 18709362 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is a third-generation platinum complex, and has a broad spectrum of antitumor activity. Such platinum complexes with the DACH carrier ligand have recently received increasing attention since they show efficacy against cisplatin-resistant cell lines. As the foremost indication of antitumor activity of platinum drugs is the formation of adducts with genomic DNA, calf thymus DNA-oxaliplatin adducts were the major target in this study. Calf thymus DNA was incubated with oxaliplatin, resulting in the formation of a large number of platinum-DNA adducts. Treated DNA was digested into the dinucleotides with a combination of enzymes, namely, benzonase, alkaline phosphatase, and nuclease S1. Using a high-performance liquid chromatography, we carried out the separation of individual platinum-DNA adducts which were concurrently identified using electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (MS). Both 1,2-intrastrand and 1,2-interstrand cross-linked adducts were found; however, those of the intrastrand nature have a considerably higher abundance than those of the interstrand cross-links. Among them, d(GpG)-oxaliplatin was the most abundant bifuctional adduct. To a lesser extent, a few monofunctional adducts were detected as well. MS(n) experiments served to ascertain the detailed structures of oxaliplatin adducts of dinucleoside monophosphates and of dinucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Mowaka
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universitaet zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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Brüchert W, Krüger R, Tholey A, Montes-Bayón M, Bettmer J. A novel approach for analysis of oligonucleotide-cisplatin interactions by continuous elution gel electrophoresis coupled to isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1451-9. [PMID: 18386302 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this work we present a novel approach for in vitro studies of cisplatin interactions with 8-mer oligonucleotides. The approach is based on the recently developed coupling of continuous elution gel electrophoresis (GE) to an inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometer (ICP-SFMS) with the aim of monitoring the interaction process between this cytostatic drug and the nucleotides. In contrast to existing methods, the electrophoretic separation conditions used here allow both the determination of the reaction kinetics in more detail as well as the observation of dominant intermediates. Two different nucleotides sequences have been investigated for comparison purposes, one containing two adjacent guanines (5'-TCCGGTCC-3') and one with a combination of thymine and guanine (5'-TCCTGTCC-3'), respectively. In order to gain further structural information, MALDI-TOF MS measurements have been performed after fraction collection. This allows for identification of the intermediates and the final products and confirms the stepwise coordination of cisplatin via monoadduct to bisadduct formation. Furthermore, the ICP-MS results were quantitatively evaluated in order to calculate the kinetics of the entire process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Brüchert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Day EF, Payne TA, Holt CA. Mass spectrometric study of dirhenium biscarboxylate:purine dinucleotide complexes. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2007; 21:903-10. [PMID: 17315275 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Dirhenium adducts of purine dinucleotides were identified by mass spectrometry. In consecutive studies, Re(2)(O(2)C(2)H(3))(2)Cl(4) . 2H(2)O was reacted with 2'-deoxyguanylyl(3'-->5')-2'-deoxyguanosine (dGpG) and 2'-deoxyadenylyl(3'-->5')-2'-deoxyguanosine (dApG) in H(2)O or D(2)O. These reactions were monitored to identify novel dinuclear rhenium:dinucleotide complexes as confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID MS/MS) experiments. However, the most abundant adducts detected by ES-MS were dirhenium:nucleotide species. Of these, guanine-containing ions were observed with highest ion counts suggesting a preference for guanine coordination. Dimetal adducts showed coordination of the purine bases and common metalated fragments were observed for both dGpG and dApG reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth F Day
- Chemistry Department, College of the Pacific, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA.
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Frańska M. Interactions of nucleobases with alkali earth metal cations--electrospray ionization mass spectrometric study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2007; 13:339-346. [PMID: 18192727 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of nucleobases with alkali earth metal cations have been studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Nucleobases containing at least one oxygen atom form stable complexes with alkali earth metal cations. This phenomenon can be explained on the grounds of the well known theory of hard and soft acids and bases. Uracil and thymine make complexes only when in their deprotonoted forms. The cations of great radii (Sr(2+), Ba(2+)) are more prone to form complexes of stoichiometry 1:1 with uracil and thymine than the cations of small radii (Mg(2+), Ca(2+)). On the other hand, Mg(2+) forms complexes of stoichiometry 2:1 and 3:2 with uracil and thymine. Gas-phase stabilities of the 1:1 complexes are higher for the cations of small radii, in contrast to the solution stabilities. For cytosine and 9- methylhypoxantine the 1:1 complexes of their deprotonated forms are observed at higher cone voltage as a result of HCl molecule loss from the complexes containing the counter ion (Cl(-)). In solution, more stable complexes are formed with metal cations of low radii. Gas-phase stability of the complexes formed by deprotonated 9- methyl-hypoxantine increases with increasing metal cation radius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Frańska
- Poznań University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
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Krizkova S, Adam V, Petrlova J, Zitka O, Stejskal K, Zehnalek J, Sures B, Trnkova L, Beklova M, Kizek R. A Suggestion of Electrochemical Biosensor for Study of Platinum(II)-DNA Interactions. ELECTROANAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200603737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang Q, Yu ET, Kellersberger KA, Crosland E, Fabris D. Toward building a database of bifunctional probes for the MS3D investigation of nucleic acids structures. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2006; 17:1570-1581. [PMID: 16875836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2006.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2006] [Revised: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This report illustrates the approaches employed to investigate critical aspects of the activity of crosslinking reagents toward nucleic acid substrates, which should be evaluated to identify candidate probes for mass spectrometric 3D (MS3D) investigations of biomolecules and macromolecular complexes. Representative members of different classes of bifunctional reagents were taken into consideration, including bikethoxal and phenyl-diglyoxal [bis-(1,2-dicarbonyls)], cisplatin (coordinative binding agents), chlorambucil and nitrogen mustard [bis-(2-chloroethyl)amines], and sym-triazine trichloride (triazines). Nanospray-Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) was applied without desalting or separation procedures to characterize the covalent products obtained by probing dinucleotide and trinucleotide substrates under a variety of experimental conditions in vitro. The carefully controlled composition of these substrates enabled us to obtain valid comparisons of probe activity toward individual nucleotides and evaluate possible base-specific effects, including the stability of the different adducts in solution under the selected reaction conditions. The gas-phase behavior of the observed products was investigated using sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORI-CID) to obtain valuable information for guiding the design of sequencing experiments and helping the data interpretation. Structured RNA substrates, such as HIV-1 stemloop 1, were finally employed to investigate the structural determinant of adduct formation and highlight the different nature of the spatial information provided by the various candidate probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingrong Zhang
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eizadora T Yu
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Daniele Fabris
- Marlene and Stewart, Greenbaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland Baltimore County and University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Yang G, Miao R, Jin C, Mei Y, Tang H, Hong J, Guo Z, Zhu L. Determination of binding sites in carboplatin-bound cytochrome c using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2005; 40:1005-16. [PMID: 15934026 DOI: 10.1002/jms.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of carboplatin with cytochrome c (Cyt. c) has been investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). ESI-MS studies revealed that the ring-opened adducts of carboplatin with Cyt. c were formed in the stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 at pH 5.0 and 37 degrees C and in the stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 only at pH 7.0 and 37 degrees C. It was also found that Cyt. c could be cleaved by carboplatin at pH 2.5 and 50 degrees C. The cleaved fragments of Cyt. c were determined by ESI-MS and MS/MS analysis to be Glu66 approximately Met80, Ac-Gly01 approximately Met65, Glu66 approximately Glu104, Ac-Gly01 approximately Met80 and Ile81 approximately Glu104. The carboplatin prefers to anchor to Met65 first, then to Met80. To further confirm the binding site of Met, AcMet-Gly was used as the model molecule to investigate its interaction with carboplatin and its hydrolysis reaction. On the basis of species detected during the reaction monitored by ESI-MS, a possible pathway of the cleavage reaction was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaosheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210 093, China
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Chifotides HT, Koomen JM, Kang M, Tichy SE, Dunbar KR, Russell DH. Binding of DNA purine sites to dirhodium compounds probed by mass spectrometry. Inorg Chem 2005; 43:6177-87. [PMID: 15446862 DOI: 10.1021/ic040040u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The adducts formed between the antitumor active compounds [Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(CH(3)CN)(6)](BF(4))(2), Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4), and Rh(2)(O(2)CCF(3))(4) with DNA oligonucleotides have been assessed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and nanoelectrospray (nanoESI) coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS). A series of MALDI studies performed on dipurine (AA, AG, GA, and GG)-containing single-stranded oligonucleotides of different lengths (tetra- to dodecamers) led to the establishment of the relative reactivity cis-[Pt(NH(3))(2)(OH(2))(2)](2+) (activated cisplatin) approximately Rh(2)(O(2)CCF(3))(4) > cis-[Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl(2)] (cisplatin) >> [Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(CH(3)CN)(6)](BF(4))(2) > Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4) approximately Pt(C(6)H(6)O(4))(NH(3))(2) (carboplatin). The relative reactivity of the complexes is associated with the lability of the leaving groups. The general trend is that an increase in the length of the oligonucleotide leads to enhanced reactivity for Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(CH(3)CN)(6)](BF(4))(2) and Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4) (except for the case of [Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(CH(3)CN)(6)](2+), which reacts faster with the GG octamers than with the dodecamers), whereas the reactivity of Rh(2)(O(2)CCF(3))(4) is independent of the oligonucleotide length. When monitored by ESI, the dodecamers containing GG react faster than the respectiveAA oligonucleotides in reactions with Rh(2)(O(2)CCF(3))(4) and Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(CH(3)CN)(6)](BF(4))(2), whereas AA oligonucleotides react faster with Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4). The mixed (AG, GA) purine sequences exhibit comparable rates of reactivity with the homopurine (AA, GG) dodecamers in reactions with Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4). The observation of initial dirhodium-DNA adducts with weak axial (ax) interactions, followed by rearrangement to more stable equatorial (eq) adducts, was achieved by electrospray ionization; the Rh-Rh bond as well as coordinated acetate or acetonitrile ligands remain intact in these dirhodium-DNA adducts. MALDI in-source decay (ISD), collision-induced dissociation (CID) MS-MS, and enzymatic digestion studies followed by MALDI and ESI MS reveal that, in the dirhodium compounds studied, the purine sites of the DNA oligonucleotides interact with the dirhodium core. Ultimately, both MALDI and ESI MS proved to be complementary, valuable tools for probing the identity and stability of dinuclear metal-DNA adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen T Chifotides
- Chemistry Department and Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Monn STM, Schürch S. Investigation of metal-oligonucleotide complexes by nanoelectrospray tandem mass spectrometry in the positive mode. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2005; 16:370-378. [PMID: 15734330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2004] [Revised: 11/23/2004] [Accepted: 11/24/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The formation and fragmentation of multiply metal-coordinated oligonucleotides was studied by nanoelectrospray tandem mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode. Fundamental aspects of the gas-phase behavior of metal-oligonucleotide complexes are revealed. The addition of transition metal ions, such as iron(II), iron(III), and zinc(II), leads to very stable metal-oligonucleotide complexes which show heavily altered fragmentation patterns in contrast to uncomplexed oligonucleotides. The site of metal ion complexation was located by collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments. It was found that all three metal ions investigated predominantly coordinate to the central phosphate groups of the oligonucleotides. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the fragmentation of such complexes depends highly upon the metal ion complexed as well as on the sequence of the nucleobases in the oligonucleotide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina T M Monn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Frańska M, Frański R, Schroeder G, Springer A, Beck S, Linscheid M. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric study of purine base-cisplatin complexes. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2005; 19:970-974. [PMID: 15759311 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
By mixing cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)) with purine base the following ions have been obtained under electrospray ionization conditions: [A+Pt(NH3)2 Cl]+, [A+PtNH3Cl]+, [G+Pt(NH3)2 Cl]+ and [G+PtNH3)Cl]+. Their collision-induced dissociation led to the loss of NH3 and HCl and formation of the protonated base. The last process is strongly favoured for adenine over guanine. It confirms that, analogously as for DNA, formation of the guanine-cisplatin complex is favoured over that of the adenine complex and, as a consequence, it suggests that the mass spectrometric study of nucleic base complexes with platinum may provide some information on the interactions of DNA with other platinum drugs. The loss of NH3 accompanied by that of CO from the guanine ring has experimentally confirmed the presence of a strong hydrogen bond between the NH3 molecule and the O=C6 moiety of guanine found by theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Frańska
- Poznań University of Technology, Institute of Chemistry, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
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Iijima H, Patrzyc HB, Dawidzik JB, Budzinski EE, Cheng HC, Freund HG, Box HC. Measurement of DNA adducts in cells exposed to cisplatin. Anal Biochem 2004; 333:65-71. [PMID: 15351281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2004.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The two main cisplatin-induced DNA lesions, G--G and A--G, have been measured in cells exposed to the drug. (G--G and A--G denote the intrastrand bifunctional adducts formed between adjacent purine bases.) It has proven feasible, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), observe the G--G and A--G lesions in mouse fibroblast cells exposed for 1 h to a 120 microM concentration of cisplatin. After extraction of the DNA from the cells, the lesions were enzymatically isolated from the DNA in the form of modified dinucleoside monophosphates with the phosphodiester bond intact. MS/MS detection of the modified dinucleoside monophosphates in the negative ion mode manifests two transitions; from the negative ion to the loss of one NH(3) group and from the ion less one NH(3) group to the loss of both NH(3) groups. The multiple reaction monitoring capability of LC-MS/MS was used to measure the three most abundant isotopes of the two main lesions for both transitions of each lesion (i.e., 12 MS/MS values in toto). Ion currents could be detected for all 12 pairs of MS/MS values in the DNA from exposed cells. Although this protocol results in some overlap of MS/MS values between the two lesions, a slight difference in elution times clearly distinguishes between them.
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Electrospray mass spectrometry of Pt(II) amidine complexes of the type cis- and trans-[PtCl2{NHC(R)NR′R″}2] and trans-[PtCl2(RCN){NHC(R)NR′R″}]. Inorganica Chim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(03)00489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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