1
|
Begala M. Conversion of benzoic acid into phenol in an ITMS under CI-MS n conditions. Recognition of ortho-chlorobenzoyl derivatives. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:30-38. [PMID: 28929601 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Isomeric chlorobenzoyl cations (m/z 139), under collision-induced experiments, fragment identically. Chlorobenzoyl cations can be efficiently converted into cholorophenol radical cations by the reaction with methanol in the ion trap analyzer under CI-MSn conditions. The substitution of the carbonyl group with a hydroxyl moiety is able to induce an ortho effect, which is absent in the startingortho-chlorobenzoyl cation. This transformation could be useful to recognize ortho-chlorinated benzoyl derivatives without the need of MS spectrum comparison of the whole set of isomers. The method reported in this study could be applicable to biologically active molecules that dissociate to form the chlorobenzoyl cations under CI or CI collision-induced dissociation conditions, such as indomethacin, the degradation products from the insect growth regulator 1-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl) urea, and lorazepam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Begala
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Drug Sciences, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Distinctions of positional isomers of N-(methylthiazol-2-yl)nitrobenzamide by copper and iron ions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
3
|
Begala M. Evaluation of the α-phenylvinyl cation as a chemical ionization reagent for the differentiation of isomeric substituted phenols in an ITMS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:693-702. [PMID: 26149114 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ion-molecule reactions between the α-phenylvinyl cation and isomeric naturally occurring phenols were investigated using a quadruple ion trap mass spectrometer. The α-phenylvinyl cation m/z 103, generated by chemical ionization from phenylacetylene, reacts with neutral aromatic compounds to form the characteristic species: [M + 103](+) adduct ions and the trans-vinylating product ions [M + 25](+) , which correspond to [M + 103](+) adduct after the loss of benzene. Isomeric differentiation of several ring-substituted phenols was achieved by using collision-induced dissociation of the [M + 103](+) adduct ions. This method also showed to be effective in the differentiation of 4-ethylguaiacol from one of its structural isomers that displays identical EI and EI/MS/MS spectra. The effects of gas-phase alkylation with phenylvinyl cation on the dissociation behavior were examined using mass spectrometry(n) and labeled derivatives. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Begala
- Unit of Drug Sciences, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lam G, Zhao S, Sandhu J, Yi R, Loganathan D, Morrissey B. Detection of myo-inositol tris pyrophosphate (ITPP) in equine following an administration of ITPP. Drug Test Anal 2013; 6:268-76. [PMID: 23733541 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Myo-Inositol tris pyrophosphate (ITPP) is a powerful allosteric modulator of haemoglobin that increases oxygen-releasing capacity of red blood cells. It is capable of crossing the red blood cell membrane unlike its open polyphosphate analog myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP). Systemic administration of ITPP enhanced the exercise capacity in mice. There have been rumours of its abuse in the horse racing industry to enhance the performance of racing horses. In this paper, the detection of ITPP in equine plasma and urine after an administration of ITPP is reported. A Standardbred mare was administered 200 mg of ITPP intravenously. Urine and plasma samples were collected up to 120 h post administration and analyzed for ITPP by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. ITPP was detected in post administration plasma samples up to 6 hours. The peak concentration was detected at 5 min post administration. In urine, ITPP was detected up to 24 h post administration. The peak concentration was detected at 1.5 h post administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Lam
- Maxxam Analytics Inc., 8577 Commerce Court, Burnaby, BC, V5A 4N5, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu D, Sullards MC, Oldham CD, Gelbaum L, Lucrezi J, Pullman GS, May SW. Myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, isolated from female gametophyte tissue of loblolly pine, inhibits growth of early-stage somatic embryos. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2012; 193:313-326. [PMID: 22023391 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
• Myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP(6)), abundant in animals and plants, is well known for its anticancer activity. However, many aspects of InsP(6) function in plants remain undefined. We now report the first evidence that InsP(6) can inhibit cellular proliferation in plants under growth conditions where phosphorus is not limited. • A highly anionic molecule inhibitory to early-stage somatic embryo growth of loblolly pine (LP) was purified chromatographically from late-stage LP female gametophytes (FGs), and then characterized structurally using mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. • Exact mass and mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (MS-MS) fragmentation identified the bioactive molecule as an inositol hexakisphosphate. It was then identified as the myo-isomer (i.e. InsP(6)) on the basis of (1)H-, (31)P- and (13)C-NMR, (1)H-(1)H correlation spectroscopy (COSY), (1)H-(31)P heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) and (1)H-(13)C HSQC. Topical application of InsP(6) to early-stage somatic embryos indeed inhibits embryonic growth. • Recently evidence has begun to emerge that InsP(6) may also play a regulatory role in plant cells. We anticipate that our findings will help to stimulate additional investigations aimed at elucidating the roles of inositol phosphates in cellular growth and development in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Y, He J, Zhang R, Shi J, Abliz Z. Study of the characteristic fragmentation behavior of hydroquinone glycosides by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with optimization of collision energy. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2009; 44:1182-1187. [PMID: 19424983 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The fragmentation behavior of hydroquinone glycosides involving one or two sugar groups from Fraxinus sieboldiana and their analogue arbutin was investigated systematically by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in negative ion mode. The characteristic fragmentation reaction of these compounds was through the homolytic and heterolytic cleavage of the O-glycosidic bond to produce radical aglycone ion ([Y0-H]-*) and aglycone ion (Y0-), respectively. Unambiguous differentiation between the mono-O-glycoside isomers which differ in glycosylation position was achieved by comparing the relative abundance of [Y0-H]-* and Y0- ions with the optimized collision energy. In the fragmentation of 1, 4-di-O-glycosides, only the Y0- ion was produced when the first glucosyl residue was expelled. However, both the [Y0-H]-* and Y0- ions were present when the second glucosyl residue was eliminated. In addition, an interesting [Y0-2H]- ion was present in the product ion spectra of hydroquinone glycosides with methoxy group(s) substituted at C-3 or/and C-5 positions of the benzene ring. The results of this study can facilitate the rapid determination of hydroquinone glycosides in crude plant extracts and also reveal that the systematic investigation and optimization of collision energy play an important role in the differentiation of isomers which have subtle differences in structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shukla VK, Doyon Y, Miller JC, DeKelver RC, Moehle EA, Worden SE, Mitchell JC, Arnold NL, Gopalan S, Meng X, Choi VM, Rock JM, Wu YY, Katibah GE, Zhifang G, McCaskill D, Simpson MA, Blakeslee B, Greenwalt SA, Butler HJ, Hinkley SJ, Zhang L, Rebar EJ, Gregory PD, Urnov FD. Precise genome modification in the crop species Zea mays using zinc-finger nucleases. Nature 2009; 459:437-41. [PMID: 19404259 DOI: 10.1038/nature07992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural biotechnology is limited by the inefficiencies of conventional random mutagenesis and transgenesis. Because targeted genome modification in plants has been intractable, plant trait engineering remains a laborious, time-consuming and unpredictable undertaking. Here we report a broadly applicable, versatile solution to this problem: the use of designed zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) that induce a double-stranded break at their target locus. We describe the use of ZFNs to modify endogenous loci in plants of the crop species Zea mays. We show that simultaneous expression of ZFNs and delivery of a simple heterologous donor molecule leads to precise targeted addition of an herbicide-tolerance gene at the intended locus in a significant number of isolated events. ZFN-modified maize plants faithfully transmit these genetic changes to the next generation. Insertional disruption of one target locus, IPK1, results in both herbicide tolerance and the expected alteration of the inositol phosphate profile in developing seeds. ZFNs can be used in any plant species amenable to DNA delivery; our results therefore establish a new strategy for plant genetic manipulation in basic science and agricultural applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vipula K Shukla
- Dow AgroSciences, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Benassi M, Corilo YE, Uria D, Augusti R, Eberlin MN. Recognition and resolution of isomeric alkyl anilines by mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2009; 20:269-277. [PMID: 19004641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Revised: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two MS techniques have been used to recognize and resolve a representative isomeric pair of N-alkyl and ring-alkyl substituted anilines. The first technique (1) uses MS/MS to perform ion/molecule reactions of structurally-diagnostic fragment ions (SDFI) whereas the second (2) uses traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) of the pair of protonated molecules followed by on-line collision-induced dissociation (CID), that is, MS/TWIMS-CID/MS. Isomeric C(7)H(7)N(+) ions of m/z 106 (1' from 4-butylaniline and 2 from N-butylaniline) are formed as abundant fragments by 70 eV EI of the anilines, and found to function as suitable SDFI. Ions 1' and 2 display nearly identical unimolecular dissociation chemistry, but contrasting bimolecular reactivity with ethyl vinyl ether, isoprene, acrolein, and 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane. Ion 2 forms adducts to a large extent whereas 1' is nearly inert towards all reactants tested. The intact protonated anilines are readily resolved and recognized by MS/TWIMS-CID/MS in a SYNAPT mass spectrometer (Waters Corporation, Manchester, UK). The protonated N-butyl aniline (the more compact isomer) displays shorter drift time and higher lability towards CID than its 4-butyl isomer. The general application of SDFI 1' and 2 and other homologous and analogous ions and MS/TWIMS-CID/MS for absolute recognition and resolution of isomeric families of N-alkyl and ring-alkyl mono-substituted anilines and analogues is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Benassi
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Corilo YE, Eberlin MN. Recognizing alpha-, beta- or gamma-substitution in pyridines by mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2008; 43:1636-1640. [PMID: 18563867 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A general mass spectrometric method able to recognize the site of substitution of monosubstituted pyridines is described. The method requires that the molecule under investigation forms, upon ionization and dissociation, the respective alpha-, beta- or gamma- pyridinium ion of m/z 78. Pyridinium ions are stable and common fragments of ionized and protonated pyridines and are found to function as appropriate structurally diagnostic fragment ions. They can be identified by their characteristic and nearly identical collision-induced dissociation behavior and distinguished by the combined use of two structurally diagnostic ion/molecule reactions with acetonitrile and 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane. alpha-, beta- or gamma-substitution in pyridines can, therefore, be securely recognized via an MS-only method based on structurally diagnostic ions and by the inspection of a single molecule (no need for intracomparisons within the whole set of isomers).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri E Corilo
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Reineke J, Tenzer S, Rupnik M, Koschinski A, Hasselmayer O, Schrattenholz A, Schild H, von Eichel-Streiber C. Autocatalytic cleavage of Clostridium difficile toxin B. Nature 2007; 446:415-9. [PMID: 17334356 DOI: 10.1038/nature05622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 01/25/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium difficile, the causative agent of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis, possesses two main virulence factors: the large clostridial cytotoxins A and B. It has been proposed that toxin B is cleaved by a cytosolic factor of the eukaryotic target cell during its cellular uptake. Here we report that cleavage of not only toxin B, but also all other large clostridial cytotoxins, is an autocatalytic process dependent on host cytosolic inositolphosphate cofactors. A covalent inhibitor of aspartate proteases, 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane, completely blocked toxin B function on cultured cells and was used to identify its catalytically active protease site. To our knowledge this is the first report on a bacterial toxin that uses eukaryotic signals for induced autoproteolysis to deliver its toxic domain into the cytosol of target cells. On the basis of our data, we present an integrated model for the uptake and inositolphosphate-induced activation of toxin B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Reineke
- Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Institut für medizinische Mikrobiologie and Hygiene, Hochhaus am Augustusplatz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
MINAMISAWA T, SUZUKI K, MAEDA H, SHIMOKATA S, SUGIURA N, KIMATA K, HIRABAYASHI J. Characterization of Isomeric Unsulfated Glycosaminoglycan Oligosaccharides by Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.5702/massspec.55.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
|
13
|
Garnier M, Dufourc EJ, Larijani B. Characterisation of lipids in cell signalling and membrane dynamics by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/sita.200500077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
14
|
Pepi F, Ricci A, Rosi M, Di Stefano M. Effect of Alkali Metal Coordination on Gas-Phase Chemistry of the Diphosphate Ion: The MH2P2O7− Ions. Chemistry 2006; 12:2787-97. [PMID: 16416491 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Systematic experimental and theoretical studies on anionic phosphate species in the gas phase are almost nonexistent, even though they could provide a benchmark for enhanced comprehension of their liquid-phase chemical behavior. Gaseous MH(2)P(2)O(7) (-) ions (M=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), obtained from electrospray ionization of solutions containing H(4)P(2)O(7) and MOH or M salts as a source of M(+) ions were structurally assayed by collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations at the B3LYP/6-31+G* level of theory. The joint application of mass spectrometric techniques and theoretical methods allowed the MH(2)P(2)O(7) (-) ions to be identified as having a structure in which the linear diphosphate anion is coordinated to the M(+) ion (I) and provides information on gas-phase isomerization processes in the [PO(3)...MH(2)PO(4)](-) clusters II and the [P(2)O(6)...M...H(2)O](-) clusters IV. Studies of gas-phase reactivity by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) and triple quadrupole (TQ) mass spectrometry revealed that the MH(2)P(2)O(7) (-) ions react with selected nucleophiles by clustering, proton transfer and addition-elimination mechanisms. The influence of the coordination of alkali metal ions on the chemical behavior of pyrophosphate is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Pepi
- Dip.to di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze, Biologicamente Attive, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|