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Moracci L, Sensi F, Biccari A, Crotti S, Gaio E, Benetti F, Traldi P, Pucciarelli S, Agostini M. An investigation on [5 fluorouracil and epigallocatechin-3-gallate] complex activity on HT-29 cell death and its stability in gastrointestinal fluid. Oncotarget 2022; 13:476-489. [PMID: 35251495 PMCID: PMC8893781 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently an enhancement of the sensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by 5-fluorouracil (5FU) due to the concurrent treatment with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been found. In the present paper, to investigate on this aspect, adenocarcinoma cells HT29 were treated with 5FU, EGCG and an equimolar mixture of 5FU and EGCG ([5FU+EGCG]) and cell viability was determined. While 5FU exhibits a clear activity, EGCG alone does not express any activity. However by treating the cells with [5FU+EGCG] a strong effect of EGCG is evidenced: the sensitivity of HT29 cells to 5FU was increased by 12-fold. A simulation of the behavior of [5FU+EGCG] in different compartments of the gastrointestinal digestion model was also performed. 5FU and EGCG solubilized into a mixture of digestive fluids analyzed by mass spectrometry did not lead to signals of 5FU, EGCG and the related complex, while by diluting the solution they become detectable. On the contrary, when 5FU and EGCG are submitted to the step-by-step digestion model procedure, the analysis did not show the presence of 5FU, EGCG and [5FU+EGCG]. This behaviour could be ascribed to the instability of these compounds due to the too severe digestion conditions and/or to the complexity of the matrix which could lead in ESI conditions to the suppression of the signals of the analytes of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moracci
- Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Lab, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,General Surgical Clinic 3, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroentrological Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Sensi
- Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Lab, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Andrea Biccari
- Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Lab, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,General Surgical Clinic 3, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroentrological Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Crotti
- Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Lab, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,General Surgical Clinic 3, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroentrological Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Gaio
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Benetti
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Traldi
- Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Lab, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Lab, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,General Surgical Clinic 3, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroentrological Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Lab, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy.,General Surgical Clinic 3, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroentrological Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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Xia ZK, Wang W, Qiu JG, Shi XN, Li HJ, Chen R, Ke KB, Dong C, Zhu Y, Wu SG, Zhang RP, Meng ZR, Zhao H, Gu P, Leung KS, Wong MH, Liu XD, Zhou FM, Zhang JY, Yao YT, Wang SJ, Zhang CY, Qin YR, Lin MCM, Jiang BH. Discovery of a New CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT Multiple Kinase Inhibitor Aminoquinol for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:691769. [PMID: 34335258 PMCID: PMC8320333 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.691769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy lacking effective treatment. The Cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) and PI3K/AKT signal pathways play pivotal roles in carcinogenesis and are promising therapeutic targets for HCC. Here we identified a new CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT multi-kinase inhibitor for the treatment of HCC. Methods: Using a repurposing and ensemble docking methodology, we screened a library of worldwide approved drugs to identify candidate CDK4/6 inhibitors. By MTT, apoptosis, and flow cytometry analysis, we investigated the effects of candidate drug in reducing cell-viability,inducing apoptosis, and causing cell-cycle arrest. The drug combination and thermal proteomic profiling (TPP) method were used to investigate whether the candidate drug produced antagonistic effect. The in vivo anti-cancer effect was performed in BALB/C nude mice subcutaneously xenografted with Huh7 cells. Results: We demonstrated for the first time that the anti-plasmodium drug aminoquinol is a new CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT inhibitor. Aminoquinol significantly decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis, increased the percentage of cells in G1 phase. Drug combination screening indicated that aminoquinol could produce antagonistic effect with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. TPP analysis confirmed that aminoquinol significantly stabilized CDK4, CDK6, PI3K and AKT proteins. Finally, in vivo study in Huh7 cells xenografted nude mice demonstrated that aminoquinol exhibited strong anti-tumor activity, comparable to that of the leading cancer drug 5-fluorouracil with the combination treatment showed the highest therapeutic effect. Conclusion: The present study indicates for the first time the discovery of a new CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT multi-kinase inhibitor aminoquinol. It could be used alone or as a combination therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Kun Xia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ge Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi-Nan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.,XingYi People' Hospital, Xingyi, China
| | - Hong-Jian Li
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Kun-Bin Ke
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Department of the Second Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Cadre Medical Branch, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shi-Guo Wu
- Department of Teaching and Research Section of Formulas of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Rong-Ping Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming, China
| | - Zhuo-Ran Meng
- Department of Pathology, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Kwong-Sak Leung
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Hon Wong
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Feng-Mei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ting Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Si-Jia Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan-Ru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Marie Chia-Mi Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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