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Alemany L, de Sanjosé S, Tous S, Quint W, Vallejos C, Shin HR, Bravo LE, Alonso P, Lima MA, Guimerà N, Klaustermeier J, Llombart-Bosch A, Kasamatsu E, Tatti SA, Felix A, Molina C, Velasco J, Lloveras B, Clavero O, Lerma E, Laco J, Bravo IG, Guarch R, Pelayo A, Ordi J, Andújar M, Sanchez GI, Castellsagué X, Muñoz N, Bosch FX. Time trends of human papillomavirus types in invasive cervical cancer, from 1940 to 2007. Int J Cancer 2013; 135:88-95. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Alemany
- Unit of Infections and Cancer; Catalan Institute of Oncology; IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Silvia de Sanjosé
- Unit of Infections and Cancer; Catalan Institute of Oncology; IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Sara Tous
- Unit of Infections and Cancer; Catalan Institute of Oncology; IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
| | - Wim Quint
- DDL Diagnostic Laboratories; Rijswijk The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Luis E. Bravo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario del Valle; Cali Colombia
| | - Patricia Alonso
- Department of Pathology Hospital General de México, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México
| | - Marcus A. Lima
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica e citologia; Associação de Combate ao Câncer do Brasil Central, Hospital Dr Hélio Angotti; PATMED Uberada Brazil
| | - Núria Guimerà
- DDL Diagnostic Laboratories; Rijswijk The Netherlands
| | - JoEllen Klaustermeier
- Unit of Infections and Cancer; Catalan Institute of Oncology; IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | | | - Elena Kasamatsu
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción; Asunción Paraguay
| | - Silvio A. Tatti
- Department of Gynecology Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Ana Felix
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Carla Molina
- Centro de Oncología Preventiva Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Julio Velasco
- Department of Pathology, Hospital San Agustín; Avilés Spain
| | - Belen Lloveras
- Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar; Barcelona Spain
| | - Omar Clavero
- Unit of Infections and Cancer; Catalan Institute of Oncology; IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
| | - Enrique Lerma
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Barcelona Spain
| | - Jan Laco
- Fingerland Department of Pathology; Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital; Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - Ignacio G. Bravo
- Unit of Infections and Cancer; Catalan Institute of Oncology; IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
| | - Rosa Guarch
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Virgen del Camino; Pamplona Spain
| | - Adela Pelayo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos; Madrid Spain
| | - Jaume Ordi
- Department of Pathology, CRESIB Hospital Clínic; University of Barcelona; Spain
| | - Miguel Andújar
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
| | - Gloria I. Sanchez
- Infection and Cancer Group School of Medicine; University of Antioquia; Medellin Colombia
| | - Xavier Castellsagué
- Unit of Infections and Cancer; Catalan Institute of Oncology; IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
| | - Nubia Muñoz
- Emeritus Professor at the Cancer Institute of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - F. Xavier Bosch
- Unit of Infections and Cancer; Catalan Institute of Oncology; IDIBELL Barcelona Spain
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Shugart JA, Bambina S, Alice AF, Montler R, Bahjat KS. A self-help program for memory CD8+ T cells: positive feedback via CD40-CD40L signaling as a critical determinant of secondary expansion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64878. [PMID: 23717671 PMCID: PMC3662717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of memory CD8+ T cells to rapidly proliferate and acquire cytolytic activity is critical for protective immunity against intracellular pathogens. The signals that control this recall response remain unclear. We show that CD40L production by memory CD8+ T cells themselves is an essential catalyst for secondary expansion when systemic inflammation is limited. Secondary immunization accompanied by high levels of systemic inflammation results in CD8+ T cell secondary expansion independent of CD4+ T cells and CD40-CD40L signaling. Conversely, when the inflammatory response is limited, memory CD8+ T cell secondary expansion requires CD40L-producing cells, and memory CD8+ T cells can provide this signal. These results demonstrate that vaccination regimens differ in their dependence on CD40L-expressing CD8+ T cells for secondary expansion, and propose that CD40L-expression by CD8+ T cells is a fail-safe mechanism that can promote memory CD8+ T cell secondary expansion when inflammation is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Shugart
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Shelly Bambina
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Alejandro F. Alice
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ryan Montler
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Keith S. Bahjat
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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How much cervical cancer in Australia is vaccine preventable? A meta-analysis. Vaccine 2008; 26:250-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2007] [Revised: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 10/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bertelsen BI, Kugarajh K, Skar R, Laerum OD. HPV subtypes in cervical cancer biopsies between 1930 and 2004: detection using general primer pair PCR and sequencing. Virchows Arch 2006; 449:141-7. [PMID: 16767449 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-006-0232-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to investigate the practicability of sequencing DNA from formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue stored for up to 75 years and to study human papillomavirus subtype distribution in cervical neoplasias between 1931 and 2004. Three protocols for DNA retrieval were tested, and magnetic bead DNA extraction proved advantageous, as it gave superior specimen purity and effortless sequencing. Successful sequencing was achieved in more than 70% of the specimens from 1931 to 1960. This technique was utilized in the study of papillomavirus subtypes using general primer pair PCR with sequencing of the products in a series of 97 cases of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cervical specimens from 1931 to 1960 and 73 similar cases from 1992 to 2004. HPV was detected in 61% of neoplastic specimens from 1931 to 1960, and in 89% of those from 1992 to 2004. In specimens from 1931 to 1934, only HPV type 16 was detected, whereas in the specimens from 1940 and up, other HPV subtypes were identified in one-third of the cases. The difference was significant and suggests an increase in papillomavirus subtype heterogeneity in Western Norway during 1930-2000. The results strongly support the feasibility of using DNA from paraffin-embedded specimens for studying cancer etiology and genotypes over extended time periods.
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Lema C, Fuessel-Haws AL, Lewis LR, Rady PL, Lee P, Turbat-Herrera EA, He Q, Nguyen LT, Tyring SK, Dao DD. Association between HLA-DQB1 and cervical dysplasia in Vietnamese women. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2006; 16:1269-77. [PMID: 16803516 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00459.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Host genetic background seems to play a key role in cervical carcinogenesis as only a small subset of women infected with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) develop cervical cancer. The rate of cervical cancer in Vietnamese women is notably high. To explore the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1 alleles, HPV infection, and cervical dysplasia in this population, cervical smears were obtained from 101 women attending the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of Da Nang General Hospital in Vietnam. Besides the Papanicolaou test, HPV and HLA-DQB1 genotyping were performed using cervical smear DNA. Additionally, a subset of 30 blood samples was used as the gold standard for HLA genotyping. HLA-DQB1 alleles showed no association with HPV infection status. However, a positive association with cervical dysplasia was found for HLA-DQB1*0302 (P= 0.0229, relative risk (RR) = 4.737) and HLA-DQB1*0601 (P= 0.0370, RR = 4.038), whereas HLA-DQB1*0301 (P= 0.0152, RR = 0.221) was found negatively associated. The low diversity of HLA-DQB1 alleles, wide spectrum of HPV genotypes, and high prevalence of HPV 16 and HPV 18 observed in the study population suggest a permissive/susceptible genetic background that deserves further research. Total concordance of HLA-DQB1 genotyping results between blood and cervical cells confirms the potential value of cervical smears as an effective tool for the development of cervical cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lema
- Life Sciences & Health Group, Houston Advanced Research Center, 4800 Research Forest Drive, The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA
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Rodrigo Tapia JP, García González LA, Alvarez Alvarez I, Cabanillas Farpón R, Suárez Nieto C. [The relationship between human papillomavirus and cyclin D1 gene amplification in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck]. ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2005; 56:428-33. [PMID: 16353790 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6519(05)78642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION infection by oncogenic subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) amplification are frequent events in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. The objective of this paper is to establish the relationship between the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) gene sequences and the development of CCND1 gene amplification in these tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS 59 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck were studied for HPV types 6b and 16 and CCND1 gene amplification by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS HPV DNA was detected in 14 tumors (24%). Ten of them were positive for the HPV type 6b and 4 for the HPV type 16. CCND1 gene amplification was found in 15 cases (25%). Although we have found a higher frequency of CCND1 amplification in the HPV-positive cases (36%, versus 22% in the HPV-negative cases), these differences were not statistically significant (P= 0,32). CONCLUSIONS The presence of HPV gene sequences does not seem to be related to a significative higher incidence of CCND1 gene amplification in the squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Rodrigo Tapia
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias.
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Mehrotra R, Metz P, Kohlhepp S. Comparison of in-house polymerase chain reaction method with the Roche Amplicor technique for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cytological specimens. Diagn Cytopathol 2002; 26:262-5. [PMID: 11933274 DOI: 10.1002/dc.10089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Two techniques have been approved by the United States FDA for diagnosis of tuberculosis in smear positive sputa: LCX M. tuberculosis, a ligase chain reaction procedure manufactured by Abbott Laboratories, and Amplicor, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure manufactured by Roche. However, these commercial methods are expensive and beyond the reach of laboratories in most developing countries. We compared the Roche Amplicor kit with an in-house PCR using a primer set for Mycobacterium tuberculosis/bovis directed at MPB 64 protein gene. It was able to distinguish between M. tuberculosis, M. avium, M. gordonii, M. intracellularae, and M. kansasii. Fifty-seven cytological samples were submitted to the laboratory for molecular diagnosis of M. tuberculosis. Both procedures were run on every sample submitted and the two methods agreed completely. The custom-made method is less expensive than the commercial technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Mehrotra
- Molecular and Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Franz Cancer Institute, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon 97213, USA
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Rodrigo JP, Alvarez I, Martínez JA, Lazo PS, Ramos S, Suárez C. Relationship of human papillomavirus to ploidy in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999; 121:318-22. [PMID: 10471884 DOI: 10.1016/s0194-5998(99)70191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To establish the relationship between the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) gene sequences and the development of genetic abnormalities, 31 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck were studied for the presence of HPV types 6b and 16 and the DNA content by flow cytometry. Eighteen (58%) cases were aneuploid. HPV DNA was present in seven (22.5%) tumors. Five of them were positive for the HPV type 6b and two for the HPV type 16. Aneuploidy was correlated with poorly differentiated tumors. No correlation was found between the presence of HPV, DNA content, or tumor differentiation. Consequently, the presence of HPV gene sequences does not seem to be related to a higher incidence of genetic abnormalities in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital de León, Spain
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Lan J, van den Brule AJ, Hemrika DJ, Risse EK, Walboomers JM, Schipper ME, Meijer CJ. Chlamydia trachomatis and ectopic pregnancy: retrospective analysis of salpingectomy specimens, endometrial biopsies, and cervical smears. J Clin Pathol 1995; 48:815-9. [PMID: 7490313 PMCID: PMC502868 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.48.9.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the role of Chlamydia trachomatis in ectopic pregnancy by detection of DNA in archival salpingectomy specimens, and in their preceding cervical specimens and endometrial biopsies, by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS Archival paraffin embedded salpingectomy tissues (n = 48) from 37 women with ectopic pregnancy were examined for the presence of C trachomatis plasmid and omp1 DNA by PCR. In addition, preceding cervical specimens (n = 58) stored either as cervical cell suspensions or as archival cervical smears, and preceding endometrial biopsies (n = 18), taken 0-5.8 years before the ectopic pregnancy, were examined by PCR for the presence of C trachomatis. RESULTS C trachomatis DNA was detected in only one of the 48 salpingectomy specimens from 37 women. However, in six of the 37 women, C trachomatis DNA was detected in the genital specimens (cervix and/or endometrial) taken before salpingectomy. C trachomatis infections were mostly found in endometrial or cervical specimens taken more than three years before ectopic pregnancy. No chlamydial DNA was found in endometrial or cervical specimens taken at the same time of the ectopic pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Although no C trachomatis DNA was found in salpingectomy specimens, several women with ectopic pregnancy had C trachomatis infections in endometrial and cervical specimens in the past. This suggests that at least in these cases the ectopic pregnancy is a late post-inflammatory complication of an ascending C trachomatis infection resulting in a scarred fallopian tube.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lan
- Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Noffsinger AE, Hui YZ, Suzuk L, Yochman LK, Miller MA, Hurtubise P, Gal AA, Fenoglio-Preiser CM. The relationship of human papillomavirus to proliferation and ploidy in carcinoma of the anus. Cancer 1995; 75:958-67. [PMID: 7842416 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19950215)75:4<958::aid-cncr2820750410>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections have been implicated in anogenital neoplasia in both sexes. In this study, the authors postulated that HPV infections induce squamous epithelium to become hyperproliferative and aneuploid. METHODS To test this hypothesis, formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues were analyzed for the presence of HPV by in situ hybridization. S-phase fraction and DNA content were evaluated by flow cytometry. Proliferative indices also were analyzed using an antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). RESULTS Human papillomavirus DNA was present in 48.1% of the carcinomas. All but one HPV-positive tumor contained HPV 16/18 DNA. The remaining tumor contained only HPV 6/11. No correlation was found between HPV status, patient age, or tumor differentiation. Thirty-three percent of tumors were aneuploid. Only two patients had aneuploid tumors that were HPV-negative; these patients received preoperative radiotherapy. The average S-phase fraction was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in HPV-positive versus HPV-negative lesions. The PCNA index for HPV positive tumors was also significantly higher than that observed in negative tumors (p < 0.003). CONCLUSION The presence of HPV in tumor cells is significantly associated with an increased proliferative rate and aneuploid status of tumors compared with HPV-negative tumors. These findings are consistent with the fact that viral proteins binding to tumor suppressor gene proteins can deregulate the cell cycle and lead to genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Noffsinger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267-0529
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Sánchez-Lanier M, Triplett C, Campion M. Possible role for human papillomavirus 16 in squamous cell carcinoma of the finger. J Med Virol 1994; 44:369-78. [PMID: 7897367 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.1890440410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There are about 20 types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) which are generally believed to be confined to the anogenital tract. HPV 16 is the most common of these. Four squamous cell carcinomas of the finger from three individuals were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA by Pst 1 restriction enzyme digest and Southern blotting. Under high stringency conditions, all were positive for HPV 16. The DNA from each patient was digested with a panel of restriction enzymes so that integration of HPV into the genome could be evaluated. Three of three samples contained high molecular weight oligomeric circular DNA arranged as catanates. None showed integration. To determine if the HPV was transcriptionally active, RNA was isolated, reverse transcribed, and amplified using primers that amplified the unspliced E6 transcript and the E6I and E6II spliced transcripts. All of the patient biopsies assayed expressed the unspliced E6 transcript and the spliced E6I transcript with the E6I transcript being the most abundant. The E6II transcript was not detected in any of the samples. These findings indicate that HPV plays a role in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the finger and the role of the malignant genital HPV needs to be carefully looked at in areas outside the genital region. It also suggests that the natural history of HPV in areas outside the cervix may not be identical to that of HPV in the anogenital region.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sánchez-Lanier
- Department of Microbiology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-4233
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