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Prétet JL, Touzé A, Pazart L, Boiteux G, Fournier V, Vidal C, Arnold F, Ducloux D, Lepiller Q, Mougin C. Anogenital distribution of mucosal HPV in males and females before and after renal transplantation. Infect Dis Now 2024; 54:104830. [PMID: 37949172 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunosuppressive drugs taken by transplant recipients may favor HPV infection at anogenital sites. HPV-type prevalence was studied in males and females before and after renal transplantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Anal, cervical and penile samples were taken from 62 patients before transplantation and from 41 patients after transplantation. HPV DNA was investigated using the INNO-LiPA HPV genotyping extra test and HPV-type distribution determined. RESULTS Before transplantation, up to 30% of analyzed samples harbored HPV DNA, with the highest prevalence found in cervical specimens (60%). After transplantation, a trend toward HPV clearance was observed in females. By contrast, a trend toward incident infections by a wide variety of HPV genotypes at the penis and anal level was documented in men. CONCLUSION High prevalence of HPV at anogenital sites was documented before and after renal transplantation. Immunosuppressive drugs taken after transplantation may impact HPV acquisition or reactivation, especially in males. Special attention should be paid in view of preventing HPV-associated diseases in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Prétet
- Université de Franche-Comté, Carcinogenèse associée aux HPV, F-25000, Besançon, France; CHU Besançon, Centre National de Référence Papillomavirus, F-25000, Besançon, France; CHU Besançon, CIC1431, F-25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Antoine Touzé
- UMR INRA ISP 1282, Équipe Biologie des infections à polyomavirus, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Françoise Arnold
- UMR INRA ISP 1282, Équipe Biologie des infections à polyomavirus, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Didier Ducloux
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, inst RIGHT, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - Quentin Lepiller
- Université de Franche-Comté, Carcinogenèse associée aux HPV, F-25000, Besançon, France; CHU Besançon, Centre National de Référence Papillomavirus, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - Christiane Mougin
- CHU Besançon, Centre National de Référence Papillomavirus, F-25000, Besançon, France; Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, inst RIGHT, F-25000, Besançon, France
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Ferreira MT, Giulia Gonçalves M, Mendoza López RV, Sichero L. Genetic variants of HPV-16 and their geographical and anatomical distribution in men: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Virology 2021; 558:134-144. [PMID: 33770686 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Human Papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) variants in men and the association with tumor development has not been fully investigated. We estimated the prevalence of genital, anal, and oral HPV-16 infections in men through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Seven databases were searched and included studies that identified HPV-16 positive males, HPV-16 variants (lineages/sublineages), and indicated the sample's anatomical origin. This protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020178013). RESULTS The database searches yielded 14 studies including 445 HPV-16 positive samples classified as lineage A (n = 390), lineage D (n = 43), lineage B (n = 10), and lineage C (n = 2) variants. Lineage A variants predominated among the anatomical sites and the diverse geographical regions. CONCLUSIONS HPV-16 lineages vary according to anatomical and geographical region. According to this preliminary evaluation of the current literature, we hypothesize that, similar to women, specific HPV-16 variants may also be associated to increased cancer risk in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Thomas Ferreira
- The Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo FMUSP HC, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Milena Giulia Gonçalves
- The Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo FMUSP HC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rossana Veronica Mendoza López
- The Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo FMUSP HC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Sichero
- The Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo ICESP, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo FMUSP HC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Shokeir AA, Hassan S, Shehab T, Ismail W, Saad IR, Badawy AA, Sameh W, Hammouda HM, Elbaz AG, Ali AA, Barsoum R. Egyptian clinical practice guideline for kidney transplantation. Arab J Urol 2021; 19:105-122. [PMID: 34104484 PMCID: PMC8158205 DOI: 10.1080/2090598x.2020.1868657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To present the first Egyptian clinical practice guideline for kidney transplantation (KT). Methods: A panel of multidisciplinary subspecialties related to KT prepared this document. The sources of information included updates of six international guidelines, and review of several relevant international and Egyptian publications. All statements were graded according to the strength of clinical practice recommendation and the level of evidence. All recommendations were discussed by the panel members who represented most of the licensed Egyptian centres practicing KT. Results: Recommendations were given on preparation, surgical techniques and surgical complications of both donors and recipients. A special emphasis was made on the recipient’s journey with immunosuppression. It starts with setting the scene by covering the donor and recipient evaluations, medicolegal requirements, recipient’s protective vaccines, and risk assessment. It spans desensitisation and induction strategies to surgical approach and potential complications, options of maintenance immunosuppression, updated treatment of acute rejection and chemoprophylactic protocols. It ends with monitoring for potential complications of the recipient’s suppressed immunity and the short- and long-term complications of immunosuppressive drugs. It highlights the importance of individualisation of immunosuppression strategies consistent with pre-KT risk assessment. It emphasises the all-important role of anti-human leucocyte antigen antibodies, particularly the donor-specific antibodies (DSAs), in acute and chronic rejection, and eventual graft and patient survival. It addresses the place of DSAs across the recipient’s journey with his/her gift of life. Conclusion: This guideline introduces the first proposed standard of good clinical practice in the field of KT in Egypt. Abbreviations: Ab: antibody; ABMR: Ab-mediated rejection; ABO: ABO blood groups; BKV: BK polyomavirus; BMI: body mass index; BTS: British Transplantation Society; CAN: chronic allograft nephropathy; CDC: complement-dependent cytotoxicity; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CMV: cytomegalovirus; CNI: calcineurin inhibitor; CPRA: Calculated Panel Reactive Antibodies; (dn)DSA: (de novo) donor-specific antibodies; ECG: electrocardiogram; ESWL: extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy; FCM: flow cytometry; GBM: glomerular basement membrane; GN: glomerulonephritis; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; HLA: human leucocyte antigen; HPV: human papilloma virus; IL2-RA: interleukin-2 receptor antagonist; IVIg: intravenous immunoglobulin; KT(C)(R): kidney transplantation/transplant (candidate) (recipient); (L)(O)LDN: (laparoscopic) (open) live-donor nephrectomy; MBD: metabolic bone disease; MCS: Mean channel shift (in FCM-XM); MFI: mean fluorescence intensity; MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; mTOR(i): mammalian target of rapamycin (inhibitor); NG: ‘not graded’; PAP: Papanicolaou smear; PCN: percutaneous nephrostomy; PCNL: percutaneous nephrolithotomy; PKTU: post-KT urolithiasis; PLEX: plasma exchange; PRA: panel reactive antibodies; PSI: proliferation signal inhibitor; PTA: percutaneous transluminal angioplasty; RAS: renal artery stenosis; RAT: renal artery thrombosis;:rATG: rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin; RCT: randomised controlled trial; RIS: Relative MFI Score; RVT: renal vein thrombosis; TB: tuberculosis; TCMR: T-cell-mediated rejection; URS: ureterorenoscopy; (CD)US: (colour Doppler) ultrasonography; VCUG: voiding cystourethrogram; XM: cross match; ZN: Ziehl–Neelsen stain
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Shokeir
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Tamer Shehab
- Nephrology Department, Al-Sahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wesam Ismail
- Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Ismail R Saad
- Urology Department, Kasr El-Einy Medical School, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Wael Sameh
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed G Elbaz
- Urology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, El Warraq, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Ali
- Urology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, El Warraq, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rashad Barsoum
- Nephrology Department, Kasr El-Einy Medical School, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Evaluation of the β-Human Papillomavirus in Immunosuppressed Individuals with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2020; 10:1-10. [PMID: 33854928 PMCID: PMC7735980 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some types of beta-human papillomavirus (β-HPV) may be one of the probable causes of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in transplant recipients. β-HPVs are linked to SCC in the literature with small number of subjects. Aim Herein, the first meta-analysis was carried out on the association between β-HPVs and cutaneous SCC in immunosuppressed patients. Methods A systematic search was carried out in the PubMed and Scopus databases up to December 2018. The odds ratio (OR) were calculated by RevMan 5.3 software and the event rate (ER) by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0 software with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results A total of 1250 records were identified through the two databases, but at last eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis that they were published from 1989 to 2018. The results showed a significantly high prevalence of β-HPVs in cutaneous SCC patients (ER = 69.1%; 95%CI: 58.7%, 77.8%). In addition, the prevalence of overall β-HPVs and β-HPVs of 5, 8, 9, 17, 49, 75, and 76 in immunosuppressed cutaneous SCC patients was significantly higher compared with controls. Conclusions The findings of the present meta-analysis support the hypothesis that β-HPV may play a role in cutaneous SCC development in immunosuppressed individuals.
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Annunziata C, Stellato G, Greggi S, Sanna V, Curcio MP, Losito S, Botti G, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Tornesello ML. Prevalence of "unclassified" HPV genotypes among women with abnormal cytology. Infect Agent Cancer 2018; 13:26. [PMID: 30061920 PMCID: PMC6056927 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-018-0199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been unequivocally recognised as the necessary cause of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and invasive carcinoma of the cervix. The distribution and the role of unclassified risk HPV genotypes in cervical neoplasia has not been fully elucidated. Methods Liquid-based cytological samples were collected from 337 women referred for colposcopy following an abnormal cytological diagnosis. HPV DNA was detected by broad-spectrum PCR and genotypes identified by nucleotide sequencing analysis and reverse line blot (RLB). Results The overall frequency of HPV infection was 36.5% (35 out of 96) in samples negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy (NILM), 80% (181 out of 226) in low grade SIL and 93.3% (14 out of 15) in high grade SIL (P < 0.001). Thirty-five different genotypes were identified among the 230 HPV-positive cases. The Group 1 oncogenic viruses (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58 and 59) were found in 21.9, 46.5, and 86.7% of NILM, low grade SIL and high grade SIL, respectively. The Group 2A, including the probably oncogenic virus HPV68, was found in 1 and 0.8% of NILM and low grade SIL, respectively. The Group 2b possibly oncogenic HPVs (HPV34, 53, 66, 67, 70, 73, 82 and 85) were found in 4.2, 21.7 and 26.7% of NILM, low grade SIL and high grade SIL, respectively. The unclassified viruses (HPV12, 42, 54, 55, 61, 62, 81, 83, 84, 89, 90, 91) were detected in 8.3 and 14.6% of NILM and low grade SIL, respectively, and never in high grade SIL. Conclusions Group 1 HPVs were mainly prevalent in high grade SIL and low grade SIL while Group 2B were equally distributed among the two groups. The dominant frequency of unclassified HPVs in low grade SIL and NILM and their rarity in high grade SIL suggests their marginal role in cervical neoplasia of the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clorinda Annunziata
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", via M Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stellato
- Gynecology Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Greggi
- Gynecology Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Sanna
- 3Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Curcio
- 3Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Losito
- 3Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- 3Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", via M Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", via M Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", via M Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
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De Gregorio V, Imparato G, Urciuolo F, Tornesello ML, Annunziata C, Buonaguro FM, Netti PA. An Engineered Cell-Instructive Stroma for the Fabrication of a Novel Full Thickness Human Cervix Equivalent In Vitro. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28371541 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest for developing organotypic cervical models by using primary cervical cells that are able to reproduce the physiological relevant stromal microenvironment and the distinctive histology of the native cervical epithelium. Here for the first time it is reported the production of an organotypic cervical model featured by a scaffold-free stromal tissue resembling the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and organization of the native counterpart as well as a completely well-differentiated epithelium. To reach this aim, human cervical microtissue precursors have been produced, characterized, and used as functional building units to fabricate a cell-synthesized cervical stroma equivalent by means of a bottom-up approach. Immunotypization, and molecular and morphological analyses reveal the extent of fundamental epithelial biomarkers and the presence of collagen and noncollagenous molecules, demonstrating that the natural tissue architecture and biological characteristics of cervical tissues are reproduced. The results of this study suggest that the bottom-up technology used to produce these 3D human cervical equivalents provides a fully functional organotypic cervical model that may be used as a valuable tool to investigate the epithelial-stromal interactions as well as for testing new therapeutics in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza De Gregorio
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Giorgia Imparato
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Urciuolo
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Maria L. Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit Istituto Nazionale, Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale”; 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Clorinda Annunziata
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit Istituto Nazionale, Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale”; 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Franco M. Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit Istituto Nazionale, Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale”; 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53 80125 Naples Italy
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit Istituto Nazionale, Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale”; 80131 Naples Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMAPI); University of Naples Federico II; P.leTecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy
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Nambirajan A, Shukla AK, Mathur SR, Kumar H, Kumar R, Bhowmik DM, Singh A, Jain D, Sharma MC, Kaushal S. Condyloma Acuminatum of Urinary Bladder in a Male Renal Transplant Recipient - A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2017; 15:e739-e742. [PMID: 28089720 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Nambirajan
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sandeep R Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hemanth Kumar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dipankar M Bhowmik
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Singh
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepali Jain
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mehar Chand Sharma
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Kaushal
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Tortora M, Annunziata C, Liguori G, Losito S, Botti G, Greggi S, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Tornesello ML. Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in peri-tumor tissues and pelvic lymph nodes as potential molecular marker of micrometastasis in cervical cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11:22. [PMID: 27175213 PMCID: PMC4863320 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-016-0068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between high risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) and cervical cancer has been firmly established. HPV genome is present in nearly all cases of cervical cancer and detection of viral DNA could therefore be used as a surrogate marker of micrometastasis in peri-tumor tissues and lymph nodes. Methods We analyzed primary cervical carcinomas, peri-tumor biopsies and pelvic lymph nodes in 20 women with invasive cancer (FIGO stage I-II) who underwent radical pelvic surgery and lymphadenectomy. HPV DNA was searched by broad spectrum PCR in 142 DNA samples extracted from paraffin embedded tissues. Viral genotypes were identified by direct sequencing analysis. Results HPV DNA sequences were identified in all available primary cervical tumors (n = 15). The most common genotype was HPV16 (60 %), followed by HPV18 (20 %), HPV35 (7 %), HPV45 (7 %) and HPV66 (7 %). Seven out of 20 (35 %) women had metastatic spread in peri-tumor tissues and/or lymph nodes, as determined by histology. HPV DNA was detected in all histological positive samples as well as in 16 and 25 % of histological negative peri-tumor tissues and lymph nodes, respectively. Three out of 20 (15 %) women without histological evidence of metastatic spread had HPV-positive lymph nodes. HPV genotype was found always concordant between primary tumor and metastatic lesions. The remaining 10 women (50 %) were histology and HPV-negative in all peri-tumor biopsies and lymph nodes analyzed. Conclusions Evaluation of HPV DNA in peri-tumor tissues as well as pelvic lymph nodes could be a sensitive marker to identify micrometastasis or isolated tumor cells and to monitor the risk of disease recurrence in women with cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Tortora
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Division, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Clorinda Annunziata
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Division, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Liguori
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, Napoli, 80131 Italy
| | - Simona Losito
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, Napoli, 80131 Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, Napoli, 80131 Italy
| | - Stefano Greggi
- Division of Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, Napoli, 80131 Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Division, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Franco M Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Division, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Division, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fond. Pascale" - IRCCS, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To highlight the latest evidence for the use of key vaccines that are recommended in organ transplant candidates and recipients. RECENT FINDINGS Influenza vaccine is the best studied vaccine; factors affecting immunogenicity of this vaccine include time from transplant, use of mycophenolate mofetil and type of transplant. Newer formulations of influenza vaccine are available, but data for these are limited. Updated recommendations include giving conjugated pneumococcal vaccine to adult transplant candidates and recipients followed by the polysaccharide vaccine to increase serotype coverage. Human papillomavirus vaccine should also be given to transplant recipients, although the immunogenicity may be suboptimal. Quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine needs to be given in special circumstances such as to patients who are starting eculizumab therapy. Live vaccines in general are contraindicated, although increasing safety data are emerging for Varicella vaccine. Herpes Zoster vaccine may be offered prior to transplant, although the utility of this strategy regarding protection from shingles after transplant is not known. Newer vaccines such as inactivated zoster vaccine and vaccines for the prevention of cytomegalovirus are under study. SUMMARY Immunization for organ transplant recipients is an important part of pretransplant evaluation and the long-term care of the transplant recipient.
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Goyal A, Ray N, Chute DJ, Abdul-Karim FW. Significance of cytologic detection of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in urine. J Am Soc Cytopathol 2014; 3:251-255. [PMID: 31051678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasc.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cellular changes of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) are uncommon in urine cytology. There is limited data regarding the clinical aspects and follow-up of patients with such findings. The aim of this study is to examine the clinicopathologic correlates of LSIL in urine cytology. MATERIALS AND METHODS A database search was conducted for urine cytology samples from January 1, 2000 to March 31, 2013 for the keywords "HPV," "LSIL," "koilocytes," and "atypical squamous cells genital tract." Thin Prep preparations (Hologic, Marlborough, MA) on the retrieved cases were reviewed. Cases with morphologically unequivocal LSIL were further analyzed. RESULTS Twenty-five cases-20 women (ages 17-65 years), 5 men (ages 70-84 years)-of voided urine cytology fulfilled the study criteria. History of genital tract squamous dysplasia and/or carcinoma was present in 10 patients (50%). Eight patients (30%) were immunosuppressed. Eleven patients had LSIL or atypical squamous cells on cytologic follow-up. One patient developed penile squamous cell carcinoma and another patient developed vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 3, 5 years and 3 years from the index urine cytology, respectively. Ten women had human papillomavirus testing (Hybrid Capture 2; Digene Corporation, Gaithersburg, MD), of which 8 were positive (within 6 months to 4 years from the index urine cytology). CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that LSIL is an uncommon finding in urine cytology, and in most cases, it is associated with LSIL in the genital tract. However, occasionally, it may lead to the detection of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or human papillomavirus-associated squamous cell carcinomas of the genital tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Goyal
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Nancy Ray
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Deborah J Chute
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Fadi W Abdul-Karim
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio
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11
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Friedenson B. Mutations in components of antiviral or microbial defense as a basis for breast cancer. Funct Integr Genomics 2013; 13:411-24. [PMID: 24057274 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-013-0336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In-depth functional analyses of thousands of breast cancer gene mutations reveals vastly different sets of mutated genes in each of 21 different breast cancer genomes. Despite differences in which genes are mutated, innate immunity pathways and metabolic reactions supporting them are always damaged. These functions depend on many different genes. Mutations may be rare individually but each set of mutations affects some aspect of pathogen recognition and defense, especially those involving viruses. Some mutations cause a dysregulated immune response, which can also increase cancer risks. The frequency of an individual mutation may be less important than its effect on function. This work demonstrates that acquired immune deficiencies and immune dysregulation in cancer can occur because of mutations. Abnormal immune responses represent a hidden variable in breast cancer-viral association studies. Compensating for these abnormalities may open many new opportunities for cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Friedenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA,
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Buonaguro FM, Tornesello M, Buonaguro L. HPV monitoring in kidney transplanted patients. Infect Agent Cancer 2012. [PMCID: PMC3330026 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-7-s1-p15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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13
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Genzer O, El-Sayegh SE, Kleiner MJ, Castellanos MR. Male human papillomavirus infection post-kidney transplant: an overlooked disease. Transplant Res 2012; 1:21. [PMID: 23369244 PMCID: PMC3560990 DOI: 10.1186/2047-1440-1-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While immunosuppressive regimens improve the overall survival of renal transplant recipients, they also contribute to the long-term complications of post-transplant malignancies. Chronic immune suppression in renal transplant recipients (RTR) increases the risk of viral-associated cancers. In male RTR, human papillomavirus (HPV) is implicated in the development of penile, anal, oropharyngeal, and non-melanoma skin carcinomas. Despite the significance of this virus in RTR, there is an overall deficiency in the understanding of the natural history of HPV infection in male RTR. In the next 20 years, it is believed that cancers will be the leading cause of death in kidney transplant recipients. HPV-associated carcinomas are of particular interest since they are sexually transmitted and in theory may be preventable diseases. This commentary highlights some of the progress made in understanding how HPV is transmitted amongst couples in the general population. It also summarizes the current knowledge of HPV infection in male RTR and describes the deficiencies in published medical literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Genzer
- Division of Research, Department of Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, 475 Seaview Ave, Staten Island, New York, 10305, USA.
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Perfetti V, Ricotti M, Buonaguro F, Tirelli U, Pedrazzoli P. An overview of viral oncology in Italy - report from the Pavia meeting on solid tumors. Infect Agent Cancer 2012; 7:23. [PMID: 22950644 PMCID: PMC3523043 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-7-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a report on some of the research activities currently ongoing in Italy as outlined at the “Viruses and solid tumors” meeting jointly organized by the Oncology Sections of IRCCS Policlinico “San Matteo” (Pavia) and IRCCS National Cancer Institute (Aviano), held in Pavia, Italy, on October 2011. Experts from the various disciplines involved in the study of the complex relationships between solid tumors and viruses met to discuss recent developments in the field and to report their personal contributions to the specified topics. Secondary end point was to establish a multidisciplinary work group specifically devoted to solid tumors and infectious agents, aimed to identify areas of common interest, promoting and establishing collaborative projects and programs, and to coordinate clinical and research activities. The group, which will be named IVOG (Italian Viral Oncology Group), will operate under the patronage of the various scientific societies of interest.
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Hussain S, Bharadwaj M, Nasare V, Kumari M, Sharma S, Hedau S, Das BC. Human papillomavirus infection among young adolescents in India: impact of vaccination. J Med Virol 2012; 84:298-305. [PMID: 22170551 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.22261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) are the causative agents of cervical cancer and prophylactic HPV vaccination has been recommended for adolescents but no data are available on the prevalence of HPV infection among adolescents in India. Self-collected midstream urine samples from 940 healthy school children, aged 8-17 years, from 12 different schools in and around Noida and Delhi, India, were collected for HPV detection by PCR. Of 458 girls, 15 (3.2%) were positive for HPV and 10 (66.6%) were positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) type16 and 2 (13.3%) for HPV 18. Of 342 boys, 7 (2.1%) were HPV positive, of which 5 (71.4%) had HPV type 6 but interestingly, none were positive for HR-HPV types 16 or 18. Among HPV positive girls, 13 (66.6%) were >13 years and the rest were <13 years (P = 0.004), while all seven HPV positive boys were >13 years (P = 0.007). The majority of HPV positive adolescents (80-86%) belonged to the Hindu and related communities, whereas only about 14-20% belonged to the Muslim community. A significant association (P < 0.001) was observed between the parent's education and the awareness of cervical cancer, which was significantly higher among adolescent girls from India, thereby exerting an immense psychosocial impact on vaccination programs. A lower prevalence of HR-HPV infection among adolescent girls will have significant positive effect on HPV vaccination and cancer control programs in India where education and awareness should go hand in hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showket Hussain
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, India
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Tornesello ML, Cassese R, De Rosa N, Buonaguro L, Masucci A, Vallefuoco G, Palmieri S, Schiavone V, Piccoli R, Buonaguro FM. High prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in Eastern European and West African women immigrants in South Italy. APMIS 2011; 119:701-9. [PMID: 21917007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02784.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Surveillance of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution in migrant women from middle and low-income countries to developed countries is limited. The aim of this study was to analyze the spectrum of HPV genotypes and prevalence of cervical abnormalities in women emigrated mainly from Eastern Europe and West Africa and living in Southern Italy. The study included 233 migrant and 98 Italian-born women who self-referred to two gynecological outpatient clinics in the Campania region. Cervical specimens were subjected to cytological examination and viral testing by broad spectrum PCR. The prevalence rates of HPV infection were 57.9% and 94.1% among migrant and 19.4% and 88.5% among Italian women with normal and abnormal cytology respectively. HPV infection was detected in 56.1% of Southern and Eastern European, 62.5% of Central and South American, 55.5% of West African, and 73.3% of Southern Asian women with normal cervix. Among the 140 HPV-positive migrants, a total of 28 mucosal HPV genotypes were identified of which 11 types (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, and 58), epidemiological classified as carcinogenic to humans (group 1), accounted for 73.4% of all infections. As expected, HPV16 was the most common viral type in all groups with frequency rates ranging from 12.5% in African to 30.1% in Eastern and Southern European women. In conclusion, the estimated prevalence of HPV infection among migrant women is very high, probably reflecting either lifestyle or high incidence of HPV in their country of origin. The implementation of vaccination strategies and cervical cancer surveillance are critical for women in this risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, "Fond. Pascale", Naples, Italy
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Speeckaert R, Brochez L, Lambert J, van Geel N, Speeckaert M, Claeys L, Langlois M, Van Laer C, Peeters P, Delanghe J. The haptoglobin phenotype influences the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in kidney transplant patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 26:566-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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