1
|
Sirilert S, Khamrin P, Kumthip K, Malasao R, Maneekarn N, Tongsong T. Possible Association between Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis B Virus and Its Effect on the Detection Rate of Hepatitis B Virus DNA in the Placenta and Fetus. Viruses 2023; 15:1729. [PMID: 37632070 PMCID: PMC10458115 DOI: 10.3390/v15081729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of HBV infection and HBV genotypes varies from country to country, and the role of HBV genotypes in the presence of HBV in the placenta and fetus has never been explored. This study was conducted to (1) identify HBV genotypes, and their frequencies, that infected Northern Thai pregnant women; (2) evaluate the association between HBV genotypes and the detection rate of HBV DNA in the placenta and fetus; (3) evaluate the association between specific mutations of the HBV genome and HBV DNA detection in placental tissue; and (4) identify the mutation of the HBV genome that might occur between maternal blood, placenta, and cord blood. Methods: Stored samples of the maternal blood, placental tissue, and cord blood that were collected from 145 HBsAg-positive pregnant Thai women were analyzed to identify HBV DNA. Results: Approximately 25% of infected mothers had fetal HBV DNA detection, including cases with concomitant HBV DNA detection in the placenta (77.3%). A total of 11.7% of cases with placental detection had no HBV DNA detection in the maternal blood, indicating that the placenta could be a site of HBV accumulation. Of the 31 HBV-positive blood samples detected by nested PCR, the detected strains were subgenotype C1 (77.4%), subgenotype B9 (9.7%), and subgenotype C2, B2, B4, and recombinant B4/C2 (3.2% for each). Genotype B had a trend in increased risk of placental HBV DNA detection compared to genotype C, with a relative risk of 1.40 (95% CI: 1.07-1.84). No specific point mutation had a significant effect on HBV DNA detection in placental tissue. Mutation of C454T tended to enhance HBV DNA detection in placental tissue, whereas T400A tended to have a lower detection rate. No mutation was detected in different sample types collected from the same cases. Conclusions: HBV DNA detection in the fetus was identified in approximately 25% of HBV-positive mothers, associated with the presence of HBV in the placenta in most cases. The placenta could possibly be a site of HBV accumulation. Subgenotype C1 was the most common subgenotype, followed by subgenotype B9. HBV genotype B possibly had a higher trend in intrauterine detection than HBV genotype C. Mutation is unlikely to occur during intrauterine exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirinart Sirilert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Pattara Khamrin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (K.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Kattareeya Kumthip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (K.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Rungnapa Malasao
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Niwat Maneekarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (K.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Theera Tongsong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Araujo NM, Osiowy C. Hepatitis B Virus Genotype G: The Odd Cousin of the Family. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:872766. [PMID: 35432294 PMCID: PMC9009205 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.872766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With a widespread distribution but low prevalence worldwide, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype G (HBV/G) is a recently described genotype for which the origin and biology are poorly understood. Some unique features make HBV/G the most peculiar of all genotypes. In this review, we reflect on the major milestones in HBV/G research, highlighting the main aspects of its discovery, molecular epidemiology, and virological and clinical characteristics. We also illustrate common pitfalls in the routine detection, which may lead to underestimated rates of HBV/G infection. Large-scale analysis of data from dozens of articles was further performed, with the aim of gaining comprehensive insights into the epidemiological aspects of HBV/G. Finally, we point out recent findings on HBV/G origins and discuss new perspectives regarding the evolutionary history of HBV/G and the plausibility of an African geographic re-emergence of this genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M. Araujo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carla Osiowy
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Carla Osiowy,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McNaughton AL, Revill PA, Littlejohn M, Matthews PC, Ansari MA. Analysis of genomic-length HBV sequences to determine genotype and subgenotype reference sequences. J Gen Virol 2020; 101:271-283. [PMID: 32134374 PMCID: PMC7416611 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a diverse, partially double-stranded DNA virus, with 9 genotypes (A-I), and a putative 10th genotype (J), characterized thus far. Given the broadening interest in HBV sequencing, there is an increasing requirement for a consistent, unified approach to HBV genotype and subgenotype classification. We set out to generate an updated resource of reference sequences using the diversity of all genomic-length HBV sequences available in public databases. We collated and aligned genomic-length HBV sequences from public databases and used maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis to identify genotype clusters. Within each genotype, we examined the phylogenetic support for currently defined subgenotypes, as well as identifying well-supported clades and deriving reference sequences for them. Based on the phylogenies generated, we present a comprehensive set of HBV reference sequences at the genotype and subgenotype level. All of the generated data, including the alignments, phylogenies and chosen reference sequences, are available online (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8851946) as a simple open-access resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L. McNaughton
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Peter A. Revill
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Margaret Littlejohn
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philippa C. Matthews
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - M. Azim Ansari
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li KW, Kramvis A, Liang S, He X, Chen QY, Wang C, Yang QL, Hu LP, Jia HH, Fang ZL. Higher prevalence of cancer related mutations 1762T/1764A and PreS deletions in hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolated from HBV/HIV co-infected compared to HBV-mono-infected Chinese adults. Virus Res 2016; 227:88-95. [PMID: 27720823 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the era of combination therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), liver disease including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are the major causes of death for patients co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV. However, the mechanisms remain obscure. We aimed to determine whether HCC-related HBV mutations including 1762T/1764A double mutation and pre-S deletions occur more frequently in HBV/HIV co-infected individuals compared to HBV mono-infected individuals. In this study, the basic core promoter (BCP) and the preS/S regions of HBV isolated from 61 pairs of HBV/HIV co-infected and HBV mono-infected participants were analyzed. We found that the prevalence of HBV isolates with 1762T/1764A and/or preS deletion mutations was 37.7% (95% CI: 29.1-46.3). The prevalence of these mutations in HBV/HIV co-infected group (52.5%, 95% CI: 40.0-65.0) was significantly higher than in the HBV mono-infected group (23.0%, 95% CI: 12.4-33.6) (X2=11.307, P<0.05). HBV/HIV co-infection was associated with higher viral loads but these higher viral loads were not associated with the higher prevalence of HCC-related HBV mutations. Individually 1762T1764A (44.3%) or preS deletions (23%) occurred more frequently in isolates from co-infected compared to mono-infected individuals (21.3%, 4.9%, respectively) (X2=7.290, P<0.05; X2=8.270, P<0.05). Moreover, 1762T/1764A and preS deletions occurred more frequently in genotypes C and I compared to genotype B (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that co-infection with HIV was associated with the development of both 1762T/1764A ((RR: 2.932(1.325-6.488)) and preS deletions ((RR: 5.759(1.562-21.235)). These results demonstrate that co-infection with HIV was associated with increased prevalence of HCC-related mutations in HBV isolates from Chinese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wen Li
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, 18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 ShuangYong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Anna Kramvis
- Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Shujia Liang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, 18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China
| | - Xiang He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Qin-Yan Chen
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, 18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, 18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China
| | - Qing-Li Yang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, 18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China
| | - Li-Ping Hu
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, 18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 ShuangYong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Hui-Hua Jia
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, 18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 ShuangYong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Zhong-Liao Fang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, 18 Jin Zhou Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qian Z, Jianqiong W, Hongmei L, Rong Z, Li L, Jinping Z, Tao S. Distribution and epidemiologic trends of HBV genotypes and subtypes in 14 countries neighboring china. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2015; 15:e24422. [PMID: 26045702 PMCID: PMC4451280 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.15(5)2015.24422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of cases of HBV infection reported by the WHO for each district and country is positively correlated with the number of HBV sequences in the database isolated from the corresponding district and country. OBJECTIVES This study determined distribution characteristics of HBV genotypes and subtypes in 14 countries neighboring China. The progress made in genomic research involving HBV was also reviewed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine hundred fifty-one complete genome sequences of HBV from 14 countries neighboring China were selected from NCBI. The sequence-related information was analyzed and recorded. One hundred seventy-two sequences of HBV genotype B were screened for alignment using DNA star and MEGA 5.1. RESULTS Dominant HBV genotypes in the countries neighboring China were genotypes B, C and D and dominant subtypes were adw2 and adrq+. The association between genotype and serotype of HBV in these countries was shown to differ from previous research results. As shown by sequence alignment, the sequence divergence between five subgenotypes (B3, B5, B7, B8 and B9) was below 4%. The B subgenotypes shared six common specific amino acid sites in the S region. CONCLUSIONS The B3, B5, B7, B8 and B9 subgenotypes can be clustered into quasi-sub-genotype B3 and the open reading frame of HBV has a start codon preference; however, whether a mutation in the start codon in the pre-S2 region has an impact on survival and replication of HBV remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Qian
- Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Basic and Clinical Medicine, Provincial Key Laboratory for Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wang Jianqiong
- Clinical Laboratory, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Li Hongmei
- Institute of Basic and Clinical Medicine, Provincial Key Laboratory for Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
- Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zeng Rong
- Institute of Basic and Clinical Medicine, Provincial Key Laboratory for Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Basic and Clinical Medicine, Provincial Key Laboratory for Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhang Jinping
- Institute of Basic and Clinical Medicine, Provincial Key Laboratory for Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shen Tao
- Institute of Basic and Clinical Medicine, Provincial Key Laboratory for Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Science and Technology University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ive P, MacLeod W, Mkumla N, Orrell C, Jentsch U, Wallis CL, Stevens W, Wood R, Sanne I, Bhattacharya D. Low prevalence of liver disease but regional differences in HBV treatment characteristics mark HIV/HBV co-infection in a South African HIV clinical trial. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74900. [PMID: 24324573 PMCID: PMC3855615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is endemic in South Africa however, there is limited data on the degree of liver disease and geographic variation in HIV/HBV coinfected individuals. In this study, we analysed data from the CIPRA-SA 'Safeguard the household study' in order to assess baseline HBV characteristics in HIV/HBV co-infection participants prior to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. METHODS 812 participants from two South African townships Soweto and Masiphumelele were enrolled in a randomized trial of ART (CIPRA-SA). Participants were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and HBV DNA. FIB-4 scores were calculated at baseline. RESULTS Forty-eight (5.9%) were HBsAg positive, of whom 28 (58.3%) were HBeAg positive. Of those with HBV, 29.8% had an HBV DNA<2000 IU/ml and ALT<40 IU/ml ; 83.0% had a FIB-4 score <1.45, consistent with absent or minimal liver disease. HBV prevalence was 8.5% in Masiphumelele compared to 3.8% in Soweto (relative risk 2.3; 95% CI: 1.3-4.0). More participants in Masiphumelele had HBeAg-negative disease (58% vs. 12%, p = 0.002) and HBV DNA levels ≤2000 IU/ml, (43% vs. 6% p<0.007). CONCLUSION One third of HIV/HBV co-infected subjects had low HBV DNA levels and ALT while the majority had indicators of only mild liver disease. There were substantial regional differences in HBsAg and HbeAg prevalence in HIV/HBV co-infection between two regions in South Africa. This study highlights the absence of severe liver disease and the marked regional differences in HIV/HBV co-infection in South Africa and will inform treatment decisions in these populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prudence Ive
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - William MacLeod
- Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Center for Global Health and Development, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of International Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nompumelelo Mkumla
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Catherine Orrell
- Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ute Jentsch
- School of Pathology and Wits Health Consortium, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Carole L. Wallis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Wendy Stevens
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Robin Wood
- Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ian Sanne
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Debika Bhattacharya
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|