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Bobadilla ML, Villagra V, Ortiz V, Deluca G, de Paula VS. High prevalence and co-infection of high-risk Human Papillomavirus genotypes among unvaccinated young women from Paraguay. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283542. [PMID: 37023094 PMCID: PMC10079089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraguay launched a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program in 2013, so virological surveillance is important for measuring the impact of HPV vaccines. This study aimed to estimate the type-specific HPV frequency in unvaccinated sexually active women aged 18-25 years in the metropolitan area of Asuncion as a baseline for monitoring the HPV vaccination program. This study included 208 women, attending the Central Laboratory of Public Health between May 2020 and December 2021, were invited for testing through social networks and flyers at local health centers and higher education institutes. All participants who agreed to contribute to the study signed a free, prior, and informed consent form and answered a questionnaire that included basic demographic data and determining factors of HPV infection. Human papillomavirus detection and genotyping were conducted using the CLART HPV2 test (Genomica, Madrid, Spain) that allows the individual identification of 35 genotypes. 54.8% women were positive for any HPV type, with 42.3% positive for high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types. Several factors were associated with HPV detection including the number of sexual partners, new sexual partners, non-use of condoms, and history of other sexual infections. Moreover, multiple infections were identified in 43.0% of the young women. We detected 29 different viral types present in both single and multiple infections. HPV-58 was the most commonly detected HPV type (14.9%), followed by HPV-16, HPV-51, and HPV-66 (12.3%). We estimated the prevalence of bivalent (16/18), quadrivalent (6/11/16/18), and nonavalent (6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) vaccine types to be 8.2%, 13%, and 38%, respectively. These results reinforce the importance of surveillance studies and provide the first data regarding circulating HPV genotypes in the unvaccinated population in Paraguay, thus generating a baseline to compare future changes in the overall and type-specific HPV prevalence after HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Liz Bobadilla
- Laboratory of Immunology, Central Laboratory of Public Health/Minister of Public Health and Social Welfare, Asunción, Paraguay
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Parasitology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Verónica Villagra
- Laboratory of Immunology, Central Laboratory of Public Health/Minister of Public Health and Social Welfare, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Violeta Ortiz
- Laboratory of Immunology, Central Laboratory of Public Health/Minister of Public Health and Social Welfare, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Gerardo Deluca
- Molecular Applications Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Northeast National University, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Vanessa Salete de Paula
- Molecular Applications Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Northeast National University, Corrientes, Argentina
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2
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High prevalence of human papillomavirus type 66 in low-grade cervical lesions of Mexican women. Arch Virol 2020; 165:2633-2640. [PMID: 32812092 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04771-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and its association with risk factors related to cervical lesions. We used 362 cervical samples from a transversal study to detect nineteen types from the high-risk HPV clade by highly sensitive PCR. Unexpectedly, we found a very high prevalence of HPV type 66 (32.8%), particularly in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. A significant association of HPV66 with previously sexually transmitted disease was observed (p < 0.05). Our results strongly suggest that HPV66 might be indicative of cervical lesions that will not progress to cancer. HPV genotyping by methods that grouped type 66 with other HR-HPV clade types should be interpreted with caution.
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3
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González JV, Deluca GD, Liotta DJ, Correa RM, Basiletti JA, Colucci MC, Katz N, Vizzotti C, Picconi MA. Baseline prevalence and type distribution of Human papillomavirus in sexually active non-vaccinated adolescent girls from Argentina. Rev Argent Microbiol 2020; 53:11-19. [PMID: 32788072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2011, Argentina launched a government-funded national Human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program incorporating a bivalent HPV vaccine, with a 0-1-6-month schedule, for girls 11 years of age, born after January 2000. Monitoring the changes of HPV infection prevalence among young women has been proposed as an endpoint for early assessment of HPV vaccination programs. However, the data on HPV prevalence at young ages are very limited. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of HPV infection and type-specific distribution in sexually active 15-17-year-old non-vaccinated girls. Cervical samples from 1073 adolescents were collected for HPV detection and genotyping using the BSGP5+/GP6+PCR-reverse line blot (RLB) assay. Out of 957 specimens analyzed, 56.3% were positive for any HPV type; 42.2% harbored at least one high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) type and 30.8% low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) types. Multiple and single infections were identified in 36.3% and 20.0% of the samples respectively. The 6 most common HR-HPV types were HPV16 (11.1%), HPV52 (10.8%), HPV56 (8.3%), HPV51 (7.4%), HPV58 (7.3%) and HPV31 (7.1%). The prevalence of HR-HPV-16/18 was 15.2%. In conclusion, results confirm that HPV (particularly HR-types) are very common among sexually active adolescents, and prevalence rises quickly after their sexual debut. Our HPV type-specific prevalence baseline may be used to monitor post-vaccinal longitudinal changes in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Víctor González
- Servicio Virus Oncogénicos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas - ANLIS "Dr. Malbrán", Av. Velez Sarsfield 563, C1282AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Daniel Deluca
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Mariano Moreno 1240, W3400ACX, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Domingo Javier Liotta
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Av. Mariano Moreno 1375, N3300, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical-ANLIS "Dr. Malbrán", Neuquén y Jujuy s/n, N3370, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Rita Mariel Correa
- Servicio Virus Oncogénicos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas - ANLIS "Dr. Malbrán", Av. Velez Sarsfield 563, C1282AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Alejandro Basiletti
- Servicio Virus Oncogénicos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas - ANLIS "Dr. Malbrán", Av. Velez Sarsfield 563, C1282AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Celeste Colucci
- Servicio Virus Oncogénicos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas - ANLIS "Dr. Malbrán", Av. Velez Sarsfield 563, C1282AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nathalia Katz
- Dirección de Control de Enfermedades Inmunoprevenibles, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Rivadavia 875, C1002AAG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla Vizzotti
- Dirección de Control de Enfermedades Inmunoprevenibles, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Rivadavia 875, C1002AAG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Alejandra Picconi
- Servicio Virus Oncogénicos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas - ANLIS "Dr. Malbrán", Av. Velez Sarsfield 563, C1282AFF, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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4
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Bolatti EM, Hošnjak L, Chouhy D, Casal PE, Re-Louhau MF, Bottai H, Komloš KF, Poljak M, Giri AA. Assessing Gammapapillomavirus infections of mucosal epithelia with two broad-spectrum PCR protocols. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:274. [PMID: 32264841 PMCID: PMC7140492 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been divided into mucosal and cutaneous types according to their primary epithelial tissue tropism. However, recent studies showed the presence of several cutaneous types in mucosal lesions and healthy mucosa from different anatomical sites. Methods Here, the HPV prevalence and type-specific distribution were assessed in a variety of mucosal samples from 435 individuals using a combination of two established broad-spectrum primer systems: Gamma-PV PCR and CUT PCR. Results Overall HPV prevalence in anal canal swabs, cervical cancer biopsies, genital warts and oral swabs was 85, 47, 62 and 4%, respectively. In anal canal swabs, Alpha-PVs were most frequently found (59%), followed by Gamma- (37%) and Beta-PVs (4%). The prevalence and persistence of HPV infection in the anal canal of 226 individuals were further explored. Overall HPV, Gamma-PVs and multiple HPV infections were significantly higher in men vs. women (p = 0.034, p = 0.027 and p = 0.003, respectively); multiple HPV infections were more common in individuals ≤40 years (p = 0.05), and significantly higher prevalence of Gamma-PVs and multiple HPV infections was observed in HIV-1-positive vs. HIV-1-negative individuals (p = 0.003 and p = 0.04, respectively). Out of 21 patients with follow-up anal swabs, only one persistent infection with the same type (HPV58) was detected. Conclusions Our findings suggest that Gamma-PVs (except species Gamma-6) are ubiquitous viruses with dual muco-cutaneous tissue tropism. Anal canal Gamma-PV infections may be associated with sexual behavior and the host immune status. This study expands the knowledge on Gamma-PVs’ tissue tropism, providing valuable data on the characteristics of HPV infection in the anal canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Bolatti
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.,Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Lea Hošnjak
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Diego Chouhy
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.,Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Pablo E Casal
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María F Re-Louhau
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Hebe Bottai
- Área Estadística y Procesamiento de Datos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Kristina Fujs Komloš
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mario Poljak
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Adriana A Giri
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Argentina. .,Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
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Balanda M, Fernández J, Vergara N, Campano C, Arata L, Martín HS, Ramírez E. Genetic variability of human papillomavirus type 66 L1 gene among women presenting for cervical cancer screening in Chile. Med Microbiol Immunol 2019; 208:757-771. [PMID: 31165237 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-019-00621-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) are involved in the development of cervical cancer. Nevertheless, there are differences in the oncogenic potential among them. HPV-16 and HPV-18 are associated with approximately 70% of cancer worldwide, and both types are the most extensively studied HR-HPV. Great variations in the prevalence of HR-HPV have been described in different countries. The impact of these variations on the epidemiology of lesions and cervical cancer is currently unknown. A high prevalence of HPV-66 has been detected in Chile. Here, we have analyzed the genetic variability of the L1 gene from HPV-66-infected Chilean women. Higher order interactions between identified mutations were analyzed by co-variation and cluster analyses. Antigenic-index alterations following L1 mutations and B-cell epitopes were predicted by BcePred algorithm. HPV-66 L1 sequences clustered phylogenetically into two main clades. The genetic variability in the HPV-66 L1 gene involved thirty nucleotide changes. Four of these were for the first time identified in this study. Some of these variants are embedded in the B-cell epitope regions. Amino acid homology in the immunodominant epitopes of HPV-66 L1 protein (DE, FG and H1 loops) was 42.9-59.1% and 28.6-68.9% compared with HPV-16 and HPV-18, respectively. The results of this research suggest that the neutralizing epitopes of HPV-66 are antigenically different compared to HPV-16 and HPV-18. Our findings show the need to perform new structural and immunological studies on HPV-66 L1 protein to evaluate the cross-protection conferred by current HPV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Balanda
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Avenida Marathon 1000, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Fernández
- Subdepto. de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Avenida Marathon 1000, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Vergara
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Avenida Marathon 1000, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile.,Dirección de Atención Primaria, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constanza Campano
- Subdepto. de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Avenida Marathon 1000, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Loredana Arata
- Subdepto. de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Avenida Marathon 1000, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Héctor San Martín
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Avenida Marathon 1000, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eugenio Ramírez
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Avenida Marathon 1000, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile.
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6
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Eklund C, Forslund O, Wallin KL, Dillner J. Continuing global improvement in human papillomavirus DNA genotyping services: The 2013 and 2014 HPV LabNet international proficiency studies. J Clin Virol 2018; 101:74-85. [PMID: 29433017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate and internationally comparable human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection and typing services are essential for HPV vaccine research and surveillance. OBJECTIVES This study assessed the proficiency of different HPV typing services offered routinely in laboratories worldwide. STUDY DESIGN The HPV Laboratory Network (LabNet) has designed international proficiency panels that can be regularly issued. The HPV genotyping proficiency panels of 2013 and 2014 contained 43 and 41 coded samples, respectively, composed of purified plasmids of sixteen HPV types (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68a and 68b) and 3 extraction controls. Proficient typing was defined as detection in both single and multiple infections of 50 International Units of HPV 16 and HPV 18 and 500 genome equivalents for the other 14 HPV types, with at least 97% specificity. RESULTS Ninety-six laboratories submitted 136 datasets in 2013 and 121 laboratories submitted 148 datasets in 2014. Thirty-four different HPV genotyping assays were used, notably Linear Array, HPV Direct Flow-chip, GenoFlow HPV array, Anyplex HPV 28, Inno-LiPa, and PGMY-CHUV assays. A trend towards increased sensitivity and specificity was observed. In 2013, 59 data sets (44%) were 100% proficient compared to 86 data sets (59%) in 2014. This is a definite improvement compared to the first proficiency panel, issued in 2008, when only 19 data sets (26%) were fully proficient. CONCLUSION The regularly issued global proficiency program has documented an ongoing worldwide improvement in comparability and reliability of HPV genotyping services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Eklund
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Forslund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Skane Laboratory Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Joakim Dillner
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Bolatti EM, Chouhy D, Hošnjak L, Casal PE, Kocjan BJ, Bottai H, Stella EJ, Sanchez A, Bussy RF, Poljak M, Giri AA. Natural history of human papillomavirus infection of sun-exposed healthy skin of immunocompetent individuals over three climatic seasons and identification of HPV209, a novel betapapillomavirus. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1334-1348. [PMID: 28590241 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the first longitudinal study reporting the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in sun-exposed skin of healthy individuals living in a geographical area in which solar UV radiation is influenced by the ozone content of the atmosphere. During three climatic seasons, skin swab samples were obtained from 78 healthy individuals and the prevalence of cutaneous HPVs was assessed with broad-spectrum FAP and CUT primers and determined at 54, 45 and 47 % in spring, summer and winter, respectively. Frequencies of mixed HPV infections were significantly higher in spring with respect to summer and winter (P=0.02). Seventy-one different HPV types/putative types were identified. While 62 volunteers were HPV-infected in at least one season, 23 had persistent infections. β-PVs (β-1) were the most prevalent and persistent. Age was associated with both the infection status (P=0.01) and the type of HPV infection (no infection, indeterminate/transient, persistent P=0.02). The molecular/phylogenetic analysis of the newly identified β-PV, officially designated as HPV209, showed that the virus has a typical genomic organization of cutaneous HPVs with five early (E6, E7, E1, E2 and E4) and two late genes (L2 and L1), which clusters to the species β-2. This provides useful data on cutaneous HPV infections in high UV-exposed regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Bolatti
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET). Suipacha 590, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Diego Chouhy
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET). Suipacha 590, Rosario 2000, Argentina
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Lea Hošnjak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana. Zaloška 4, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Pablo E Casal
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Boštjan J Kocjan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana. Zaloška 4, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Hebe Bottai
- Área Estadística y Procesamiento de Datos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Emma J Stella
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET). Suipacha 590, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Adriana Sanchez
- División de Dermatología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ramón Fernandez Bussy
- División de Dermatología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mario Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana. Zaloška 4, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Adriana A Giri
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET). Suipacha 590, Rosario 2000, Argentina
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Vergara N, Espinoza G, Balanda M, Quiero A, Hidalgo W, San Martín H, Ramírez A, Ramírez E. Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus infection among Chilean women from 2012 to 2016. J Med Virol 2017; 89:1646-1653. [PMID: 28294358 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Here, we evaluated the prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in two groups of Chilean women. The first group consisted of 3235 women aged 18-64 years attended in six primary care centers of Santiago. The second group consisted of 456 women 18-85 aged who consulted the Gynaecology Department of the Reference Hospital of Santiago. Samples were collected from October 2012 to February 2016. Cervical swabs were analyzed both HPV genotyping by PCR and Reverse Line Blot, and cervical cytology by Pap testing. Results showed a prevalence of 12.0% HPV positive, 10.3% high-risk (HR) HPV types positive, 3.9% low-risk (LR) HPV types positive, and 1.0% Pap positive in group 1. The most frequent types were 16, 66, and 59, with a prevalence of 3.0%, 1.6%, and 1.5%, respectively. The prevalence were 71.9% HPV positive, 67.3% HR-HPV types positive, 13.6% LR-HPV types positive, and 62.5% Pap positive in group 2. The most frequent types were 16, 31, and 58, with prevalence of 33.6%, 10.5%, and 7.0%, respectively. Among infected women with HPV: 7.6% were infected with HPV16 or HPV18, 3.0% with HPV31, HPV33 or HPV45, and 6.7% with any other HR-HPV. These findings show great difference in HPV prevalence and types between primary care and reference center, and provide useful epidemiological information to assess the impact of HPV vaccination in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Vergara
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gloria Espinoza
- Dirección de Atención Primaria, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Monserrat Balanda
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Quiero
- Dirección de Atención Primaria, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - Wilma Hidalgo
- Dirección de Salud, Municipalidad de Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - Héctor San Martín
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Eugenio Ramírez
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Programa de Virología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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9
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Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection among women presenting for cervical cancer screening in Chile, 2014-2015. Med Microbiol Immunol 2016; 205:585-594. [PMID: 27539577 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-016-0473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide. In Chile, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death among women of reproductive age, causing more than 600 deaths annually. This study was carried out to determine the burden and confirm the predominant human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes among women presenting for cervical cancer screening in public health services in Chile. Women aged 18-64 years residing in the north and central areas covered by six primary care centers of Santiago, Chile, were invited to participate from March 2014 to August 2015. Cervical swabs were examined both HPV genotyping by PCR and Reverse Line Blot, and cervical cytology by Pap testing. A total of 1738 women were included in this study: 11.1 % were HPV positive, 9.7 % were high-risk types positive, 3.2 % were low-risk types positive, 1.4 % were Pap positive and 0.9 % were positive by both tests. The four most predominant genotypes were 16, 66, 51 and 59, with prevalence of 2.8, 1.4, 1.2 and 1.2 %, respectively. Multiple HPV infections were detected among 3.8 % participants. Age-specific prevalence of HPV showed a peak in HPV infection at younger ages (≤30 years), declining to a plateau in middle age. Among women with normal cytology, the 9.4 % were HPV positive, while 58.3 % of women with abnormal cytology were HPV positive. These findings show new epidemiological data confirming HPV 16 and 66 as the most predominant genotypes in Chile. These data are important for design successful strategies for prevention of cervical cancer in Chile.
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10
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Alder S, Gustafsson S, Perinetti C, Mints M, Sundström K, Andersson S. Mothers' acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for daughters in a country with a high prevalence of HPV. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2521-8. [PMID: 25738832 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in Argentina and the mortality rate is not declining despite opportunistic screening. Free-of-charge human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of 11-year-old girls was introduced in 2011. Parental acceptance of HPV vaccination is considered to be of great importance for HPV vaccine uptake. However, little is known regarding this factor in Argentina. The aim of the present study was to explore maternal HPV vaccination acceptance, willingness to pay for HPV vaccination and correlates of this willingness, awareness of HPV and HPV-associated disease and behaviors and attitudes associated with HPV vaccination acceptance. A total of 180 mothers of girls aged 9-15 years comprised this quantitative, cross-sectional, survey-based study, conducted at two hospitals in the Mendoza Province. Correlates of willingness to pay for HPV vaccination were obtained using multivariable logistic regression models. Maternal HPV vaccination acceptance was 90%, and 60% of mothers were willing to pay for HPV vaccination. Mothers who were gainfully employed and had a higher disposable household income were significantly more willing to pay for HPV vaccination [odds ratio (OR)=2.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-6.38; OR=3.28, 95% CI 1.36-7.94, respectively], as were mothers who were aware of cervical cancer prior to the study (OR=3.22, 95% CI 1.02-10.14). Only one in 10 mothers were informed that HPV vaccination does not offer complete protection against cervical cancer. In conclusion, the present study showed high maternal HPV vaccination acceptance, although acceptance decreased when vaccination was not free-of-charge. Continuous public education campaigns are needed to improve knowledge of HPV, HPV vaccines and HPV-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Alder
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofia Gustafsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Perinetti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Docent Extension National University of Cuyo, Regional Hospital Diego Paroissien, Godoy Cruz 475, Maipú, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Miriam Mints
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Sundström
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, 141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sonia Andersson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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Molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections in cervical samples from cuban women older than 30 years. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2013; 18:210-7. [PMID: 24270200 DOI: 10.1097/lgt.0b013e3182a7bb89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide information about the molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a group of Cuban women. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA from cervical samples was analyzed using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which detects 6 of the clinically most relevant high-risk HPV types. Furthermore, end point PCR and sequencing were performed. Three hundred twenty-two women (211 with positive and 111 with negative cytologic results) aged between 30 and 69 years were enrolled. Risk factors associated with HPV infections and premalignant lesions were also investigated. RESULTS HPV DNA was detected in 76.1% (245/322) of the studied population, and 34 different genotypes were found. There was an association between HPV infection and low educational level, history of oral contraceptives, menopausal stage, as well as cigarette and/or alcohol consumption. Besides, in a multivariate analysis, previous positive Pap test result and positive colposcopy finding were both predictor variables for HPV infections and for premalignant lesions. Human papillomavirus infection was found in 94.3% of women (199/211) with positive cytologic result and in 41.4% (46/111) of those with negative results, being more likely that the first group was infected with any HPV (odds ratio = 23.43; 95% CI = 11.70-46.92; p = .000). The most common genotypes were HPV types 16, 18, 31, 58, 33, and 45. All the cases with HPV positive findings had at least 1 high-risk HPV genotype. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of the molecular epidemiology of HPV in Cuban women, based on results from a DNA sequence and quantitative PCR. Most individuals were infected with high-risk HPV types. These findings support the inclusion of HPV vaccine in Cuba.
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