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Chu FL, Li C, Chen L, Dong B, Qiu Y, Liu Y. Respiratory viruses among pediatric inpatients with acute lower respiratory tract infections in Jinan, China, 2016-2019. J Med Virol 2022; 94:4319-4328. [PMID: 35593042 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The viral etiologies responsible for acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) are a major cause of pediatric hospitalization, and some develop severe diseases requiring pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of viruses and risk factors associated with PICU admission among patients hospitalized for ALRI. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected to detect human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza A and B viruses (IAV, IBV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and adenovirus (ADV) by PCR. Of the 5590 pediatric inpatients enrolled, respiratory viral infection occurred in 2102 (37.60%) patients, including 1846 (33.02%) single and 256 (4.58%) mixed viral infections. Among the nasopharyngeal swabs from pediatric inpatients, HRV accounted for the highest detection rate (16.48%), followed by PIV (8.35%), RSV (7.41%), ADV (4.63%), IAV (3.51%), and IBV (2.08%). The positive rate of viral tests decreased with increasing age and was higher in males (39.29%) than females (34.67%). The prevalence of viral infection was the highest in winter (41.57%) and lowest in autumn (31.78%). Each virus had a seasonal pattern, with peaks occurring in months of their epidemic seasons. RSV infection and the presence of comorbidities including congenital tracheal stenosis, congenital heart disease, metabolic disorder, immunodeficiency, renal disease, gastrointestinal disease and neurological disorder might be associated with the need for PICU admission. Therefore, this study provides useful information for the prevention and control of virus-related respiratory diseases and the early identification of and the intervention in severe cases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Lu Chu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Jinan hospital, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Wei L, Zhong W, Sun T, Li H, Sun T, Han Y, Sun D, Li X. Proteomic and mechanistic study of Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:110998. [PMID: 33378995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is the only pathogen in the Mycoplasma family that can cause respiratory symptoms, including acute upper respiratory tract infection and bronchitis, which are often attributed to Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). MPP is one of the diseases that commonly affects the pediatric respiratory system, but its pathogenesis is unclear. This study investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Qingxuan Tongluo formula and its main component, curcumin, on MPP. METHODS A mouse model of MPP was obtained by nasal drip of the MP strain. The effects of Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin on the treatment of MPP were studied. The proteomic profiles of the alveolar lavage fluid of mice in the model group, Qingxuan Tongluo formula group and curcumin group were evaluated by LC-MS/MS. ELISA and immunohistochemistry were used to verify the possible presence of MP infection biomarkers and drug target proteins. RESULTS Compared with the mice in the model group, the MPP mice in the Qingxuan Tongluo formula group had significantly reduced fever and cough and prolonged the cough incubation period. Moreover, the pulmonary pathology of the MPP mice was significantly improved, and the lung histopathological score was decreased. After treatment with Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin, the functional and pathway abnormalities caused by MP were mainly inhibited. Levels of HSP90AA1, GRP94, ENO1 and PLG expression were verified by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION Qingxuan Tongluo formula significantly reduced fevers and cough and prolonged the cough incubation period of MPP mice. Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin significantly improved the pathological changes in lung tissue caused by MP infection. Proteomics analyses indicated that Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin may have therapeutic effects on MPP by regulating energy metabolism, relieving oxidative stress and activating the fibrinolytic system. ENO1 and PLG were found to be potential drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wei
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin 130021, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Tao Sun
- First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin 130021, China
| | - Huanmin Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Ting Sun
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing 100007, China
| | - Yaowei Han
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Dan Sun
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xinmin Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China.
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Yen CY, Wu WT, Chang CY, Wong YC, Lai CC, Chan YJ, Wu KG, Hung MC. Viral etiologies of acute respiratory tract infections among hospitalized children - A comparison between single and multiple viral infections. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2019; 52:902-910. [PMID: 31607575 PMCID: PMC7105047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory tract infections are commonly caused by viruses in children. The differences in clinical data and outcome between single and multiple viral infections in hospitalized children were analyzed. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of hospitalized children who had fever and a xTAG Respiratory Virus Panel (RVP) test over a 2-year period. The clinical data were analyzed and compared between single and multiple viral infections. Viral etiologies in upper and lower respiratory infections were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 442 patients were enrolled. Patients with positive viral detection (N = 311) had a significantly lower rate of leukocytosis (p = 0.03), less evidence of bacterial infection (p = 0.004), and shorter duration of hospitalization (p = 0.019) than those with negative viral detection. The age of patients with multiple viral infections was younger than those with single viral infection; however, there were no significant differences in duration of fever, antibiotics treatment and hospitalization between these two groups. The most commonly identified virus was human rhinovirus. About 27% (n = 83) of patients had multiple viral infections. Overall, the highest percentage of human bocavirus infection was detected in multiple viral infections (79%). Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) was independently associated with multiple viral infections (p = 0.022), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection (p = 0.001) and longer hospitalization duration (p = 0.011). Conclusion Multiple viral infections were associated with younger age and a higher risk of developing LRTI. However, multiple viral infections did not predict a worse disease outcome. More studies are needed to unveil the interplay between the hosts and different viruses in multiple viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Yen
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Tai Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Yuan Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Chi Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chou-Cheng Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Jiun Chan
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Keh-Gong Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Miao-Chiu Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
The paper briefly characterizes human metapneumovirus, a newly discovered pathogen of acute respiratory infections, and gives brief clinical, virological, and pathological data concerning a fatal outcome of a 51-year-old obese woman without severe background pathology. Metapneumovirus infection has been verified by real-time PCR. Morphological examination revealed the signs of subtotal diffuse alveolar damage, ciliary epithelial cell overgrowths, and binucleated macrophages. The changes revealed in the lungs are similar to those as previously described in paramyxovirus infections, but are accompanied by severe nonspecific changes that have been recently observed in swine influenza. Those in the brain meninges, kidneys, pancreas, and intestine may be suggestive of the generalization of the infection. It has been proposed that the properties of the virus may vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Varyasin
- City Clinical Hospital Fifty-Two, Moscow Healthcare Department
| | - A V Zinserling
- Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Medical Faculty, Saint Petersburg University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Esposito S, Scala A, Bianchini S, Zampiero A, Fossali E, Principi N. Identification of Human Adenovirus in Respiratory Samples with Luminex Respiratory Virus Panel Fast V2 Assay and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:297. [PMID: 26927078 PMCID: PMC4813161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to compare the last version of the Respiratory Virus Panel (RVP) Fast assay for human Adenovirus (hAdv) detection with a specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), which is considered the gold standard for hAdv detection, nasopharyngeal samples collected from 309 children (age range, four months to eight years) with respiratory tract infection were tested using the RVP Fast v2 assay (Luminex Molecular Diagnostics, Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada) and a specific TaqMan qPCR to identify hAdv DNA. The RVP Fast v2 assay detected 30/61 (49.2%) hAdv infections that had been identified by real-time qPCR, demonstrating a significantly lower detection rate (p < 0.001). The sensitivity of the RVP Fast v2 assay in comparison to qPCR was lower in younger children (42.9% vs. 57.7%; Cohen’s kappa coefficient, 0.53); in samples with co-infections (40.0% vs. 56.7%; Cohen’s kappa coefficient, 0.52); and in samples with hAdv type C (45.9% vs. 57.1%; Cohen’s kappa coefficient, 0.60). Samples with lower viral loads were associated with a significantly lower sensitivity of the RVP Fast v2 assay (35.1% vs. 68.2%, p = 0.01; Cohen’s kappa coefficients, 0.49). The RVP Fast v2 assay has important limitations for the detection of hAdv and cannot be used to evaluate whether hAdvs are the main etiologic agent responsible for an outbreak or when epidemiological studies are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Alessia Scala
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Sonia Bianchini
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Alberto Zampiero
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Emilio Fossali
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Nicola Principi
- Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy.
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