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Han JJ, Hu YA, Nan Y, Chen Y, Yang YL. Decreased expression of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) with sK122R and sV96A co-mutation is associated with an ineffective antibody response in a chronic hepatitis B patient. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 111:105431. [PMID: 37015318 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergence and predominance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants carrying S gene mutations frequently occur in HBV-infected individuals. Here, coexistent serum anti-HBsAg antibody (HBsAb) and HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) were detected in a chronic HBV patient. The patient's HBsAg proteins possessed amino acid substitutions sK122R and sV96A. We reported this case and conducted relevant studies to investigate differences in expression levels and antibody neutralization of HBsAg proteins bearing sK122R and sV96A amino acid substitutions to explore causes of antigen-antibody coexistence in a chronic hepatitis B patient. STUDY DESIGN We first sequenced the S gene from HBV present within the patient's serum. Based on the S gene sequence, we cloned wild-type and mutated S gene sequences via site-directed mutagenesis to construct expression plasmids pJW4303-WT (wild-type), pJW4303-sV96A, pJW4303-sK122R, and pJW4303-sV96A-sK122R. Plasmids were transfected into HEK 293 T cells then culture supernatants and cells were collected. Collected cells and supernatants were next subjected to a series of quantitative and functional tests to assess expression and neutralization characteristics of wild-type and mutant HBsAg proteins. RESULTS Based on quantification of HBsAg expression in cells transfected with the four plasmids, HBsAg-sK122R-sV96A was more intracellularly retained and less secreted than HBsAg-sV96A single-mutant protein and WT. Neutralization ability of serum from chronic HBV patient against culture supernatants containing recombinant HBsAg proteins were ranked from highest to lowest as HBsAg-sV96A, HBsAg-sV96A-sK122R, and HBsAg-sK122R. However, no significant differences of neutralization efficiency by high-potency antibodies from HBV-vaccinees against these three mutant proteins were observed. CONCLUSIONS The levels of HBsAg proteins with amino acid substitutions sV96A-sK122R were greatly reduced in culture supernatants but were apparently increased in the intracellular fraction. This may account for the higher levels of HBV replication in patients. HBsAg neutralization by HBsAb in this patient may have been compromised by the HBsAg sK122R amino acid substitution, suggesting that antibodies produced by the patient had lost their HBV-neutralizing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-An Hu
- Basic Medical Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Laboratory Science, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuchen Nan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong-Lin Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Ondigui JLN, Kenmoe S, Kengne-Ndé C, Ebogo-Belobo JT, Takuissu GR, Kenfack-Momo R, Mbaga DS, Tchatchouang S, Kenfack-Zanguim J, Fogang RL, Menkem EZ, Kame-Ngasse GI, Magoudjou-Pekam JN, Bowo-Ngandji A, Goumkwa NM, Esemu SN, Ndip L, Essama SHR, Torimiro J. Epidemiology of occult hepatitis B and C in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:1436-1445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ndow G, Cessay A, Cohen D, Shimakawa Y, Gore ML, Tamba S, Ghosh S, Sanneh B, Baldeh I, Njie R, D’Alessandro U, Mendy M, Thursz M, Chemin I, Lemoine M. Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Occult Hepatitis B Infection in The Gambia, West Africa. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:862-870. [PMID: 34160616 PMCID: PMC9470103 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence and clinical outcomes of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) have been poorly studied in Africa. METHODS Using the PROLIFICA cohort, we compared the prevalence of OBI between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative healthy adults screened from the general population (controls) and HBsAg-negative patients with advanced liver disease (cases), and estimated the population attributable fraction for the effect of OBI on advanced liver disease. RESULTS OBI prevalence was significantly higher among cases (15/82, 18.3%) than controls (31/330, 9.4%, P = .03). After adjusting for age, sex, and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) serology, OBI was significantly associated with advanced liver disease (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-6.0; P = .006). In HBsAg-negative people, the proportions of advanced liver disease cases attributable to OBI and HCV were estimated at 12.9% (95% CI, 7.5%-18.1%) and 16.9% (95% CI, 15.2%-18.6%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS OBI is endemic and an independent risk factor for advanced liver disease in The Gambia, West Africa. This implies that HBsAg-negative people with liver disease should be systematically screened for OBI. Moreover, the impact of infant hepatitis B immunization to prevent end-stage liver disease might be higher than previous estimates based solely on HBsAg positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibril Ndow
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Disease Control and Elimination, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Amie Cessay
- Disease Control and Elimination, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Damien Cohen
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Center de Recherche en Cancérologie, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Yusuke Shimakawa
- Unité D’Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mindy L Gore
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Saydiba Tamba
- Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Sumantra Ghosh
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Center de Recherche en Cancérologie, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Bakary Sanneh
- National Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, Kotu, The Gambia
| | - Ignatius Baldeh
- National Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, Kotu, The Gambia
| | - Ramou Njie
- Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Umberto D’Alessandro
- Disease Control and Elimination, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Maimuna Mendy
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Mark Thursz
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Chemin
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Center de Recherche en Cancérologie, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Maud Lemoine
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ji DZ, Pang XY, Shen DT, Liu SN, Goyal H, Xu HG. Global prevalence of occult hepatitis B: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Viral Hepat 2022; 29:317-329. [PMID: 35253969 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) in the global population. We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane and Web of Science from database inception through 27 Dec, 2018. Studies reporting HBV-DNA serological data in previously undiagnosed hepatitis B patients were included. The data were further categorized according to the presence of risk factors. After an initial screening of 2,325 records, we finally included 98 articles about the prevalence of OBI from 34 countries and regions. The OBI prevalence was 0.82% (95% CI:0.69-0.96) in the general population, 16.26% (95% CI:10.97-22.34) in HIV patients, 13.99% (95% CI:8.33-20.79) in patients with other liver diseases, 4.25% (95% CI:1.64-7.87) in haemodialysis patients and 5.14% (95% CI:2.26-9.01) patients with other risk factors. In conclusion, OBI prevalence varies significantly across different populations and nations, which deserve attention from the public health authorities. Our results generate further epidemiological data to identify the population with OBI, which has important clinical implications in finding these high-risk populations to design preventive and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ze Ji
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Pang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan-Ting Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Na Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hemant Goyal
- Department of Medicine, The Wright Center of Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hua-Guo Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Boumbaly S, Balde TAL, Semenov AV, Ostankova YV, Serikova EN, Naidenova EV, Valutite DE, Shchemelev AN, Zueva EB, Esaulenko EV, Totolian AA. [Prevalence of viral hepatitis B markers among blood donors in the Republic of Guinea]. Vopr Virusol 2022; 67:59-68. [PMID: 35293189 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The problem of transfusion safety in relation to parenteral viral hepatitis still remains relevant. Viral hepatitis B (HB) remains the most common viral infection transmitted through transfusion procedures. One of the natural phases of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), characterized by an undetectable HBsAg (regardless of the other serological markers content) in the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the liver tissue and an extremely low, up to undetectable, level of viral load in the blood. In the Republic of Guinea, as in most countries on the continent, the prevention of HBV transmission through transfusion is still based on HBsAg serological testing of donors only. In this connection, OBI remains as a potential threat to blood transfusion safety. Detection of HBV DNA is a reliable preventive measure against transmission of the virus from donors with HBsAg-negative HBV infection, especially in highly endemic regions. In this regard, the study was conducted to substantiate recommendations for improving blood safety against the background of significant HBV prevalence in the Republic of Guinea.The aim of the work was the evaluation of serological and molecular markers of HBV infection in blood donors in the Republic of Guinea. MATERIAL AND METHODS We examined 250 blood samples obtained from donors living in Conakry, Republic of Guinea. Samples were tested for the presence of serological (surface antigen, HBsAg; antibodies (ABs) to surface (anti-HBs IgG) and core (anti-HBc IgG) antigens) and molecular (DNA) markers of HBV infection. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The overall detection rate of hepatitis B markers was 83.2%; HBsAg was detected in 16.4% of all individuals. The high incidence of HBsAg in men (19.55%) compared to women (8.45%) was shown, the relative risk of HBV infection with the formation of HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis B in males was also significantly higher. The prevalence of the HBV DNA in the study group was 30.4%, the OBI cases accounted for 15.6%. The prevalence of this form of the disease was shown in donors aged 30-49 years (24.78%), in the group of people younger than 30 years, the incidence was lower (8.73%), and at the age of over 50 years, OBI was not detected. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of 76 virus isolates, it was shown that genotype E prevails in the examined group (85.53%).Cases of pathogen DNA detection occurred in HBsAg-negative blood donors in the presence of anti-HBs IgG (n = 4), as well as in the simultaneous presence of ABs anti-HBs IgG and anti-HBc IgG (n = 7). The viral load exceeded 200 IU/ml in OBI samples. Escape mutations were detected by sequencing in each OBI sample, contributing to the virus escaping from diagnostic based on screening for HBsAg. CONCLUSION Assessment of the prevalence viral hepatitis B markers in blood donors, determination of genotypes and clinically significant mutations of virus variants are necessary to ensure safe medical manipulations, control and prevention of the spread of this infectious agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Boumbaly
- International Tropical Infections Research Center; Research Institute of Applied Biology of Guinea
| | - T A L Balde
- Research Institute of Applied Biology of Guinea
| | - A V Semenov
- FSBI State Scientific Center of Virology and Biotechnology «Vector» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - Yu V Ostankova
- FBSI «Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Mictobiology» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - E N Serikova
- FBSI «Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Mictobiology» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - E V Naidenova
- FSHI Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute «Microbe» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - D E Valutite
- FBSI «Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Mictobiology» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - A N Shchemelev
- FBSI «Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Mictobiology» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - E B Zueva
- FBSI «Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Mictobiology» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - E V Esaulenko
- FBSI «Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Mictobiology» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - Areg A Totolian
- FBSI «Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Mictobiology» of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor)
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de Almeida NAA, de Paula VS. Occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and challenges for hepatitis elimination: A literature review. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:1616-1635. [PMID: 34724308 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is characterized by the detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum or liver but negativity for hepatitis B surface antigen. OBI, which is thought to be maintained by host, immunological, viral and/or epigenetic factors, is one of the most challenging clinical features in the study of viral hepatitis. Currently, there is no validated detection test for OBI. It is believed that OBI is widely distributed throughout the world, with a higher prevalence in populations at high-risk HBV, but the detailed worldwide prevalence patterns are unknown. We conducted a survey of recently published studies on OBI rates across all continents. High prevalence rates of OBI are observed in some specific groups, including patients with hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus co-infection or hepatocellular carcinoma. In 2016, the World Health Organization adopted strategies to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030, but the difficulties in detecting and treating OBI currently challenge this goal. Subjects with OBI can transmit HBV, and episodes of reactivation can occur. Further studies to understanding the mechanisms that drive the development of OBI are needed and can contribute to efforts at eliminating viral hepatitis.
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7
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The sK122R mutation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is associated with occult HBV infection: Analysis of a large cohort of Chinese patients. J Clin Virol 2020; 130:104564. [PMID: 32763811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occult HBV infection (OBI) is of great concern due to their complicated diagnosis and potential for public transmission. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to determine the clinical prevalence of OBI and if viral immune escape-associated mutations contribute to the occurrence of OBI. STUDY DESIGN A total of 91,037 HBV-infected patients with different related illnesses who were admitted to the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2005 to December 2017 were tested for OBI. Serum samples from 62 patients with OBI manifestations (OBI patients) and 124 matched non-OBI patients were sequenced for possible immune escape-associated mutations within the major hydrophilic region of HBV S protein. HBsAg and HBV DNA levels in representative viral strains were measured. RESULTS Of the 91,037 tested patients, 487 (0.53 %) were negative for HBsAg but positive for HBV DNA and were defined as OBI patients. The prevalence in different illness categories varied. Immune escape-associated mutations were more frequently detected in OBI patients than in non-OBI patients (59.68 % vs. 35.48 %, P < 0.01), as did the coexistence of multiple mutations (43.55 % vs. 22.58 %, P < 0.01). Specifically, the prevalence rates of sT118 K, sK122R, and sV168A were increased in OBI patients. Strains with sK122R mutants (sK122R, sK122R + D144E, sK122R + C121R + D144E, and sK122R + F134L + D144E) from a follow-up OBI patient all showed significantly lower levels of HBsAg production than a wild-type strain. CONCLUSIONS The study clarified the clinical prevalence of OBI, verified the influence of immune escape-associated mutations, and identified the role of the sK122R mutation in multiple OBI patients.
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Azarkar Z, Ziaee M, Ebrahimzadeh A, Sharifzadeh G, Javanmard D. Epidemiology, risk factors, and molecular characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among anti-hepatitis B core antigen alone subjects. J Med Virol 2018; 91:615-622. [PMID: 30345529 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Features of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among the anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positives have yet to be described in more details. This study aimed to determine the molecular prevalence of occult HBV infection (OBI), and association to risk factors among seropositives for anti-HBc. METHODS This was part of a community-based screening project that included 5234 cases. All participants completed a questionnaire on demographic and socio-epidemiological information. Then, the blood samples were collected and tested for anti-HBc and HBsAg using ELISA method. To identify OBI, nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were performed for HBV-S and X genes, and viral load was determined using an in-house real-time PCR. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis have been implemented for genotyping. RESULTS Overall, 596 cases, positive only for anti-HBc were included in the study. OBI was detected among 61 cases (10.2%). The genotype and subgenotype of HBV among all of them was D1, except one that was D4. Most of them had low viral loads ranged from 1.2 × 102 to 1.34 × 10 3 copies/mL; 19.6% had undetectable viral loads. Important mutations in surface protein and reverse transcriptase were sI92T, sQ129H, rtL80I, rtS85F, rtL91I. The prevalence of OBI was related to some risk factors, such as tattooing (P = 0.02), sexual activities (P = 0.009), and diabetes (P = 0.031). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that OBI should be considered among anti-HBc seropositive subjects. This form of HBV infection was accompanied with some mutations, risk factors, and diseases. However, further investigations are needed to determine virological importance of documented mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Azarkar
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Masood Ziaee
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ebrahimzadeh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sharifzadeh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Davod Javanmard
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Seri B, Minga A, Gabillard D, Dembele B, Konate S, Le Carrou J, Dohoun L, Abo Y, Karcher S, Coffie P, N'Dri-Yoman T, Attia A, Eholié SP, Danel C, Lacombe K, Anglaret X, Boyd A. Twenty-Year Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevalence and Incidence in Voluntary Blood Donors in Côte d'Ivoire. Open Forum Infect Dis 2018; 5:ofy060. [PMID: 29644251 PMCID: PMC5888498 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) share common risk factors. The parallel description of their frequency over time may help capture their similarities and differences. Methods Using data from the National Transfusion Center of Abidjan, we estimated the following over a 20-year period: (1) the prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity at first contact; and (2) the incidence of HIV and HBsAg seroconversion in negative first-time blood donors. Results Between 1992 and 2012, 422319 donors (men [M] = 74%) provided 1063825 blood donations. For first-time donors, HIV prevalence decreased from 7.1% (M = 5.9%, women [W] =11.0%) in 1992-1994 to 1.1% (M = 0.8%, W = 2.0%) in 2010-2012. Prevalence of HBsAg positivity remained stable at 10.8% (M = 11.7%, W = 7.3%) in 1992-1994 to 11.1% (M = 12.5%, W = 7.1%) in 2010-2012. Among regular donors (N = 129256), the incidence of becoming HIV or HBsAg positive, respectively, decreased from 4.9 per 100 (M = 4.5, W = 8.6) and 7.3 per 100 person-years (M = 7.8, W = 2.3) in 1992-1994 to 0.07 (M = 0.06, W = 0.11) and 0.2 per 100 person-years (M = 0.2, W = 0.2) in 2010-2012. Conclusions Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence and incidence decreased dramatically over time, whereas HBV prevalence remained stable. Incidence of HBsAg seroconversion, although decreasing, still reached unexpected levels, suggesting that the risk of HBV infection in adults may be higher than expected. Hepatitis B surface antigen-negative blood-donors should be offered HBV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Seri
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Albert Minga
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Médical de Suivi des Donneurs de Sang, Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Delphine Gabillard
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Bamori Dembele
- National Blood Transfusion Center, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Seidou Konate
- National Blood Transfusion Center, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Jérôme Le Carrou
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Lambert Dohoun
- Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Médical de Suivi des Donneurs de Sang, Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Yao Abo
- Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Centre Médical de Suivi des Donneurs de Sang, Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Sophie Karcher
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Patrick Coffie
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Treichville University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Thérèse N'Dri-Yoman
- Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Department of Gastro-Entero-Hepatology, Yopougon University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Alain Attia
- Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Department of Gastro-Entero-Hepatology, Yopougon University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Serge P Eholié
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Treichville University Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Christine Danel
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Karine Lacombe
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Anglaret
- INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, France.,Programme PAC-CI, ANRS Research Site, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Anders Boyd
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
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Diop M, Cisse-Diallo VMP, Ka D, Lakhe NA, Diallo-Mbaye K, Massaly A, Dièye A, Fall NM, Badiane AS, Thioub D, Fortes-Déguénonvo L, Lo G, Diop CT, Ndour CT, Soumaré M, Seydi M. [Occult hepatitis B reactivation in a patient with homozygous sickle cell disease: clinical case and literature review]. Pan Afr Med J 2017; 28:127. [PMID: 29515745 PMCID: PMC5837157 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.28.127.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Occult Hepatitis B corresponds to the presence of hepatitis B virus-deoxyribonucleic acid (HBV-DNA) in serum and/or in liver of a patient despite HBsAg negativity. Clinically, it is usually asymptomatic. Its reactivation is rare and commonly occurs in immunosuppressed individuals. We report the case of a 21-year old patient from Senegal, with homozygous sickle cell disease, presenting with cholestatic jaundice. Laboratory tests showed reactivation of occult Hepatitis B. This study emphasizes the need to systematically investigate the presence of occult Hepatitis B in patients with sickle cell disease suffering from acute liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustapha Diop
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHNU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | - Daye Ka
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHNU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | | | - Aminata Massaly
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHNU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Alassane Dièye
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHNU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Ndèye Maguette Fall
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHNU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | - Daouda Thioub
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHNU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | - Gora Lo
- Centre Médical Inter Armée Sud, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | | | - Masserigne Soumaré
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHNU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Moussa Seydi
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHNU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
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Diop M, Diouf A, Seck SM, Lo G, Ka D, Massaly A, Dieye A, Fall NM, Cisse-Diallo VMP, Diallo-Mbaye K, Lakhe NA, Fortes-Déguénonvo L, Ndour CT, Soumaré M, Seydi M. [Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and its associated factors in Senegalese military personnel sent on mission to Darfur]. Pan Afr Med J 2017; 26:154. [PMID: 28533877 PMCID: PMC5429464 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.26.154.11594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Au Sénégal, 85% de la population adulte ont été en contact avec le virus de l'hépatite B et environ 11% sont porteurs chroniques de l'antigène de surface de ce virus (AgHBs). Cette infection est peu documentée dans l'armée sénégalaise. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer la prévalence de l'AgHBs chez des militaires sénégalais envoyés en mission au Darfour (Soudan) et d'identifier les facteurs associés. Méthodes Nous avons mené une étude transversale du 1er juillet 2014 au 31 juillet 2014 chez des militaires sénégalais en mission au Darfour. La recherche de l'AgHBs a été effectuée dans le sérum des participants par la méthode immunochromatographique. La recherche de facteurs associés a été réalisée à l'aide d'une régression logistique multivariée. Résultats Notre étude a porté sur 169 militaires de sexe masculin. L'âge moyen était de 36,6 ans ± 9,5. Des antécédents d'hépatopathie chronique au niveau familial, d'exposition sanguine et d'exposition sexuelle ont été retrouvés respectivement chez 12,4% ; 24,9% et 45,6% de la population d'étude. L'AgHBs a été retrouvé chez 24 participants [14,2% (IC95% = 8,9-19,5)]. Après ajustement sur les facteurs de confusion potentiels, l'âge (OR=0,9 IC95% =0,9-1,0), un niveau d'étude universitaire (OR= 9,5 IC95% =1,3-67,1) et l'exposition sexuelle (OR=3,3; IC95% =1,0-10,3) étaient apparus associés de façon indépendante à l'hépatite B. Conclusion Notre étude retrouve une prévalence élevée de l'AgHBs et souligne la nécessité d'une évaluation plus poussée de l'hépatite B chez cette population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustapha Diop
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Chnu de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Assane Diouf
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Chnu de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal.,Ecole de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Québec, Canada
| | | | - Gora Lo
- Centre Médical Inter Armée Sud, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Daye Ka
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Chnu de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Aminata Massaly
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Chnu de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Alassane Dieye
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Chnu de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Ndeye Maguette Fall
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Chnu de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maserigne Soumaré
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Chnu de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Moussa Seydi
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Chnu de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
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