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Dong HJ, Liu LY, Jia LP, Zhao LQ, Jin FH, Zhou L, Qian Y. Prevalence and genomic analysis of t203-like G9 (G9-VI) rotaviruses circulating in children with gastroenteritis in Beijing, China. Arch Virol 2023; 168:257. [PMID: 37755543 PMCID: PMC10533636 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Our previous surveillance revealed that t203-like G9 (tentatively designated subtype G9-VI) rotaviruses re-emerged in 2010 in Beijing and rapidly prevailed over the G9-III subtype (the most common G9 subtype globally) and previously predominant G genotypes over the following two years. G9-VI belongs to the VP7 evolutionary lineage VI, which includes unusual and sporadic human rotaviruses from China (t203) and Japan. To obtain insight into the epidemiology, evolution, and transmission advantages of G9-VI rotavirus, we performed follow-up surveillance (2014-2017) and whole-genome analysis of 12 representative G9 strains. The results showed that the G9 genotype was predominant (77.4%), with a marked increase in prevalence (previously 43.5%). Within the G9 genotype, subtype G9-VI accounted for the majority (98.3%) of cases. The most prevalent P-genotype was P[8] (93.7%), within which subtype P[8]b was rare (0.7%). Phylogenetically, the G9-VI subtype strains in this study clustered closely with contemporary emerging human rotaviruses from many other countries in VP7 lineage VI, indicating that this subtype is capable of spreading globally. These currently emerging G9-VI rotaviruses formed a distinct monophyletic subcluster when compared to early G9-VI rotaviruses. Furthermore, four specific amino acid substitutions and synonymous codon substitutions were observed in the VP7 genes between the current G9-VI and globally common G9-III rotaviruses. The remaining nine genes of all of the analyzed representative G9 strains, whether G9-VI or G9-III, combined with the P[8]a, P[8]b, or P[6] genotype and exhibited the same Wa-like backbone constellation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jin Dong
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Li-Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Li-Ping Jia
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lin-Qing Zhao
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Feng-Hua Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Children's Hospital to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Children's Hospital to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Jampanil N, Kumthip K, Maneekarn N, Khamrin P. Genetic Diversity of Rotaviruses Circulating in Pediatric Patients and Domestic Animals in Thailand. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:347. [PMID: 37505643 PMCID: PMC10383398 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus A is a highly contagious virus that causes acute gastroenteritis in humans and a wide variety of animals. In this review, we summarized the information on rotavirus described in the studies in the last decade (2008 to 2021) in Thailand, including the prevalence, seasonality, genetic diversity, and interspecies transmission. The overall prevalence of rotavirus infection in humans ranged from 15-33%. Rotavirus infection was detected throughout the year and most frequently in the dry and cold months, typically in March. The diversity of rotavirus genotypes varied year to year and from region to region. From 2008 to 2016, rotavirus G1P[8] was detected as the most predominant genotype in Thailand. After 2016, G1P[8] decreased significantly and other genotypes including G3P[8], G8P[8], and G9P[8] were increasingly detected from 2016 to 2020. Several uncommon rotavirus strains such as G1P[6], G4P[6], and G3P[10] have also been occasionally detected. In addition, most studies on rotavirus A infection in animals in Thailand from 2011 to 2021 reported the detection of rotavirus A in piglets and canine species. It was reported that rotavirus could cross the host species barrier between humans and animals through interspecies transmission and genetic reassortment mechanisms. The surveillance of rotavirus infection is crucial to identify the trend of rotavirus infection and the emergence of novel rotavirus genotypes in this country. The data provide information on rotavirus infection and the diversity of rotavirus genotypes circulating in the pre-vaccination period, and the data will be useful for the evaluation of the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine implementation in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutthawadee Jampanil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kattareeya Kumthip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Emerging and Re-Emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Niwat Maneekarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Emerging and Re-Emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pattara Khamrin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Emerging and Re-Emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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3
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Liu X, Wang M, Li S, Li J, Xiao J, Li H, Zhang Q, Kong X, Wang H, Li D, Duan Z. Genomic and evolutionary characteristics of G9P[8], the dominant group a rotavirus in China (2016–2018). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:997957. [PMID: 36187963 PMCID: PMC9522900 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.997957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
G9P[8] became the predominant rotavirus A (RVA) genotype in China in 2012. To evaluate its genetic composition at the whole-genome level, 115 G9P[8] RVA strains isolated from children under 5 years old were sequenced and characterized. All 13 strains in 2016 and 2017 and an additional 54 strains in 2018 were genotyped as G9-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. The other 48 strains in 2018 were all genotyped as G9-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E2-H1, with the NSP4 gene characterized as a DS-1-like genotype. The time of the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) and evolution rates of the VP7, VP4, and NSP4 (E1 and E2) genes of these strains were estimated by Bayesian evolutionary dynamics analysis. We estimated the evolution rates (nt substitutions per site per year) as 1.38 × 10–3 [the 95% highest posterior density (HPD) was 1.09–1.72 × 10–3] for VP7, 0.87 × 10–3 (95% HPD: 0.75–1.00 × 10–3) for VP4, 0.56 × 10–3 (95% HPD: 0.41–0.73 × 10–3) for NSP4-E1, and 1.35 × 10–3 (95% HPD: 0.92–1.86 × 10–3) for NSP4-E2. The tMRCA was estimated to be 1935.4 (95% HPD: 1892.4–1961.3) for VP7, 1894.3 (95% HPD: 1850.5–1937.8) for VP4, 1929.4 (95% HPD: 1892.4–1961.3) for NSP4-E1, and 1969.2 (95% HPD: 1942.2–1985.3) for NSP4-E2. The baseline genetic information in this study is expected to improve our understanding of the genomic and evolutionary characteristics of the rotavirus genome. Furthermore, it will provide a basis for the development of next-generation rotavirus vaccines for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafei Liu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxuan Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Li
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbo Xiao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dandi Li
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dandi Li,
| | - Zhaojun Duan
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Zhaojun Duan,
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4
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Razizadeh MH, Pourrostami K, Kachooei A, Zarei M, Asghari M, Hamldar S, Khatami A. An annoying enteric virus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of human astroviruses and gastrointestinal complications in children. Rev Med Virol 2022; 32:e2389. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kumars Pourrostami
- Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran
| | - Atefeh Kachooei
- Department of Virology Faculty of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Renal Division Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Milad Asghari
- Department of Microbiology Faculty of Basic Science Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran
| | - Shahrzad Hamldar
- Department of Virology Faculty of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Alireza Khatami
- Department of Virology Faculty of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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5
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Shen S, Ren S, Chen L, Xue J, Shao X, Zhang T, Zhao G. Rotavirus Infection in Children <5 Years of Age in Suzhou, China, 2013-2019: Disease Burden, Genotype Distribution and Seasonality. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022; 41:375-380. [PMID: 35067641 PMCID: PMC8997692 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the disease burden and strain distribution of rotavirus in children with diarrhea <5 years old in Suzhou, China. METHODS The study was conducted among children with diarrhea <5 years old at Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital from 2013 to 2019. Rotavirus antigen was detected in clinical laboratory and then sent to Suzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for further molecular analysis. Group A rotavirus (RVA) was detected through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and G-genotype and P-genotype of RVA were tested using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Of a total of 198,130 children with diarrhea, 70,813 (35.7%) were positive for RVA; RVA-related diarrhea was detected in 7798 (20.7%, n = 7798/37,710) inpatients and 63,015 (39.3%, n = 63,015/160,420) outpatients. Most children (92.0%, n = 65,171/70,813) positive for RVA were found as children <3 years old. Children 12-35 months old were reported as the highest prevalence among all age groups. The seasonal peak of RVA was in the autumn and winter. Among all 673 RVA strains genotyped, the G9P[8] strain was reported to be persistently predominant in the pediatric population from 2013 to 2019. CONCLUSIONS The burden of diarrhea disease due to rotavirus infection remains high in Suzhou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Shen
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaolong Ren
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Liling Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Jian Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou University Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou University Affiliated Children’s Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Genming Zhao
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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6
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Myat TW, Thu HM, Tate JE, Burnett E, Cates JE, Parashar UD, Kyaw YM, Khaing TEE, Moh KM, Win NN, Khine WK, Kham MMZ, Kyaw T, Khine YY, Oo KK, Aung KM. Rotavirus infection among children under five years of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Myanmar during 2018-2020 - Multicentre surveillance before rotavirus vaccine introduction. Vaccine 2021; 39:6907-6912. [PMID: 34702620 PMCID: PMC10862084 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in children under-five worldwide, with the majority of mortality in lower -income countries. This study aimed to provide baseline information on epidemiology of rotavirus and circulating strains before rotavirus vaccine introduction in Myanmar. METHODS Hospital-based, prospective surveillance was conducted from May 2018 to January 2020 at four sentinel sites; two hospitals in Lower Myanmar, one hospital each in Middle Myanmar and East Myanmar. Children under five years of age hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis were enrolled; demographic and clinical data were collected. Stool samples were screened by ELISA (ProSpecT™ Rotavirus, OXOID-UK) for rotavirus antigen and a subset of ELISA positive samples were genotyped by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Rotavirus was detected in 45.7% (799/1750) of cases enrolled at three sites in May 2018-April 2019 and 42.5% (521/1227) at four sites in May 2019-January 2020. RVGE cases were predominantly male (58.7%; 775/1320) and 92.6% (1223/1320) of RVGE cases occurred in <2 years old. Rotavirus detection was higher in the cold and dry season (November-April). RVGE compared to non-RVGE cases had more frequent vomiting (78.3% Vs 68.1%, p < 0.01), fever (65.8% Vs 61.3%, p = 0.01), severe dehydration (3.6% Vs 2.1%, p < 0.01) and requirement of treatment by IV fluid (58.3% Vs 53.1%, p < 0.01). The most prevalent genotypes identified were G1P[6] (113/359, 31.5%), G1P[8] (94/359, 26.2%) and G2P[4] (33/359, 9.2%). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the persistent high prevalence of RVGE among children under-five admitted to hospitals in different parts of Myanmar and the diversity of rotavirus strains over time prior to vaccine introduction. The rotavirus vaccine was introduced nationwide in February 2020 in Myanmar and these data will be important baseline data for post-vaccination monitoring of vaccine impact and circulating strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theingi Win Myat
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar.
| | - Hlaing Myat Thu
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | | | | | | | | | - Ye Myint Kyaw
- Yangon Children's Hospital, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Tin Ei Ei Khaing
- 550 Bedded Children's Hospital, Mandalay, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Khin Moh Moh
- Women and Children Hospital (Shan State, Taunggyi), Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Nwet Nwet Win
- North Okkalapa General and Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Win Kay Khine
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Myat Mo Zar Kham
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Thida Kyaw
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Yin Yin Khine
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Khin Khin Oo
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
| | - Khaing Moe Aung
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar
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Jampanil N, Kumthip K, Yodmeeklin A, Kanai Y, Okitsu S, Kobayashi T, Ukarapol N, Ushijima H, Maneekarn N, Khamrin P. Epidemiology and genetic diversity of group A rotavirus in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2018-2019. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 95:104898. [PMID: 33971304 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are the major viruses that cause acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genotype diversity of RVAs circulating in children with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand in 2018-2019. A total of 1170 stool specimens were obtained from children admitted to hospitals with diarrhea and screened for RVAs by nested RT-PCR. The RVA genotypes were determined by multiplex-PCR or nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Out of 1170 stool specimens, 209 (17.9%) were positive for RVAs. The RVA G9P[8] genotype (24.4%) was the most dominant genotype, followed by G3P[8] (22.9%), G8P[8] (22.0%), G1P[8] (16.7%), G2P[4] (6.7%), G1P[6] (2.3%), G1P[4] (1.0%), G3P[4] (1.0%), G9P[4] (1.0%), mixed-infections of G1P[4] + G1P[8] (1.0%), and GXP[8] (0.5%). Moreover, an uncommon RVA G3P[10] genotype (0.5%), bearing bat-like VP7 and VP4 genes, was detected. This study reveals the prevalence and genetic diversity of RVA genotypes in children with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand. The knowledge obtained from this study is helpful for understanding the epidemiology of rotavirus in Thailand. The emergence of uncommon RVA strain G3P[10] provides an evidence for interspecies transmission of human and animal rotaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutthawadee Jampanil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kattareeya Kumthip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Arpaporn Yodmeeklin
- Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yuta Kanai
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoko Okitsu
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nuthapong Ukarapol
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Hiroshi Ushijima
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Niwat Maneekarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pattara Khamrin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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8
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Pasittungkul S, Lestari FB, Puenpa J, Chuchaona W, Posuwan N, Chansaenroj J, Mauleekoonphairoj J, Sudhinaraset N, Wanlapakorn N, Poovorawan Y. High prevalence of circulating DS-1-like human rotavirus A and genotype diversity in children with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand from 2016 to 2019. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10954. [PMID: 33680579 PMCID: PMC7919534 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human rotavirus A (RVA) infection is the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide, especially in children under 5 years of age and is a major public health problem causing severe diarrhea in children in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genotype diversity, and molecular characterization of rotavirus infection circulating in children under 15 years of age diagnosed with AGE in Thailand from January 2016 to December 2019. Methods A total of 2,001 stool samples were collected from children with gastroenteritis (neonates to children <15 years of age) and tested for RVA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Amplified products were sequenced and submitted to an online genotyping tool for analysis. Results Overall, 301 (15.0%) stool samples were positive for RVA. RVA occurred most frequently among children aged 0-24 months. The seasonal incidence of rotavirus infection occurred typically in Thailand during the winter months (December-March). The G3P[8] genotype was identified as the most prevalent genotype (33.2%, 100/301), followed by G8P[8] (10.6%, 32/301), G9P[8] (6.3%, 19/301), G2P[4] (6.0%, 18/301), and G1P[6] (5.3%, 16/301). Uncommon G and P combinations such as G9P[4], G2P[8], G3P[4] and G3P[9] were also detected at low frequencies. In terms of genetic backbone, the unusual DS-1-like G3P[8] was the most frequently detected (28.2%, 85/301), and the phylogenetic analysis demonstrated high nucleotide identity with unusual DS-1-like G3P[8] detected in Thailand and several countries. Conclusions A genetic association between RVA isolates from Thailand and other countries ought to be investigated given the local and global dissemination of rotavirus as it is crucial for controlling viral gastroenteritis, and implications for the national vaccination programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siripat Pasittungkul
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Fajar Budi Lestari
- Department of Bioresources Technology and Veterinary, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,Faculty of Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Inter-Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiratchaya Puenpa
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watchaporn Chuchaona
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nawarat Posuwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jira Chansaenroj
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - John Mauleekoonphairoj
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthinee Sudhinaraset
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nasamon Wanlapakorn
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Division of Academic Affairs, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yong Poovorawan
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
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9
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Gupta S, Tiku VR, Gauhar M, Khatoon K, Ray P. Genetic diversity of G9 rotavirus strains circulating among diarrheic children in North India: A comparison with 116E rotavirus vaccine strain. Vaccine 2020; 39:646-651. [PMID: 33386177 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The parental rotavirus strain 116E (G9P[11]) used to generate Rotavac® vaccine was isolated in 1986 in New Delhi. Thenceforward, there is no comprehensive report on diversity of G9 rotavirus strains from 116E; therefore, the present study evaluates the VP7 gene sequence diversity of G9 strains (retrieved from GenBank) from different geographical regions (1987-2016). Additionally, 22 recently collected G9 strains from Himachal Pradesh and Delhi (2013-2016) were included in the phylogenetic analysis. Interestingly, unlike 116E which belong to lineage-II all other G9 rotavirus including these 22 samples clustered together in a separate lineage (III). Further, six amino acid substitutions including one novel, K143M (epitope 7-2) different from 116E were detected mostly in the neutralization epitopes of VP7 protein (neutralization escape mutants). Overall, the accumulation of identified substitutions in VP7 epitopes and evolution of G9 strains in India may have impact on Rotavac® efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Vasundhara Razdan Tiku
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110023, India
| | - Mariyam Gauhar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Kahkashan Khatoon
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Pratima Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110023, India.
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Chansaenroj J, Chuchaona W, Lestari FB, Pasittungkul S, Klinfueng S, Wanlapakorn N, Vongpunsawad S, Chirathaworn C, Poovorawan Y. High prevalence of DS-1-like rotavirus infection in Thai adults between 2016 and 2019. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235280. [PMID: 32584905 PMCID: PMC7316273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of viral diarrhea in infants and young children but uncommon and usually asymptomatic in adults. In the winter of 2017–2018, a large-scale outbreak of rotavirus in both children and adults was reported in Thailand. The current study focused on the prevalence, genotyping, and molecular characterization of rotavirus infections in Thai adults from July 2016 to December 2019. In 2,598 stool samples collected from adult residents of Bangkok (aged #x2265; 15 years) with acute gastroenteritis, rotavirus was detected via real-time RT-PCR analysis of the VP6 gene. G, P and I genotypes were determined by direct sequencing of VP7, VP4, and VP6 genes, respectively. Our results showed 8.7% (226/2,598) of stool samples were positive for rotavirus. The incidence of rotavirus was high during the winter season of 2017–2018 (17.7%) compared to another studied periods (4.5% between July 2016- October 2017 and 2.8% between March 2018- December 2019). Nucleotide sequencing of VP7 and VP4 revealed G3P[8] as the predominant strain (33.2%,75/226), followed by G9P[8] (17.3%,39/226), and G2P[4] (15.0%,34/226). Uncommon G and P combinations were additionally detected at low frequencies. VP6 sequencing was conducted to discriminate I genotype between the Wa and DS-1 genogroup. The unusual DS-1-like G3P[8] strain was most prevalent amomg rotavirus strains detected in this study (29.6%, 67/226), and the corresponding VP7 sequences showed high nucleotide identity with unusual DS-1-like globally circulating strains. Our study demonstrates that rotavirus outbreaks in adults are attributable not only to high prevalence of RV infection but also the unusual DS-like genogroup. The collective findings reinforce the importance of investigating rotavirus diagnosis in adults suffering from acute gastroenteritis and taking appropriate preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jira Chansaenroj
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watchaporn Chuchaona
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Fajar Budi Lestari
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siripat Pasittungkul
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirapa Klinfueng
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nasamon Wanlapakorn
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sompong Vongpunsawad
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chintana Chirathaworn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yong Poovorawan
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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11
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Lestari FB, Vongpunsawad S, Wanlapakorn N, Poovorawan Y. Rotavirus infection in children in Southeast Asia 2008-2018: disease burden, genotype distribution, seasonality, and vaccination. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:66. [PMID: 32438911 PMCID: PMC7239768 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rotaviruses (RVs) are recognized as a major cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide. Here we summarize the virology, disease burden, prevalence, distribution of genotypes and seasonality of RVs, and the current status of RV vaccination in Southeast Asia (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) from 2008 to 2018. Methods Rotavirus infection in Children in Southeast Asia countries was assessed using data from Pubmed and Google Scholars. Most countries in Southeast Asia have not yet introduced national RV vaccination programs. We exclude Brunei Darussalam, and Timor Leste because there were no eligible studies identified during that time. Results According to the 2008–2018 RV surveillance data for Southeast Asia, 40.78% of all diarrheal disease in children were caused by RV infection, which is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years old in Southeast Asia. Mortality was inversely related to socioeconomic status. The most predominant genotype distribution of RV changed from G1P[8] and G2P[4] into the rare and unusual genotypes G3P[8], G8P[8], and G9P[8]. Although the predominat strain has changed, but the seasonality of RV infection remains unchanged. One of the best strategies for decreasing the global burden of the disease is the development and implementation of effective vaccines. Conclusions The most predominant genotype distribution of RV was changed time by time. Rotavirus vaccine is highly cost effective in Southeast Asian countries because the ratio between cost per disability-adjusted life years (DALY) averted and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is less than one. These data are important for healthcare practitioners and officials to make appropriate policies and recommendations about RV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajar Budi Lestari
- Inter-Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Bioresources Technology and Veterinary, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sompong Vongpunsawad
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nasamon Wanlapakorn
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Division of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yong Poovorawan
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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12
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Tacharoenmuang R, Komoto S, Guntapong R, Upachai S, Singchai P, Ide T, Fukuda S, Ruchusatsawast K, Sriwantana B, Tatsumi M, Motomura K, Takeda N, Murata T, Sangkitporn S, Taniguchi K, Yoshikawa T. High prevalence of equine-like G3P[8] rotavirus in children and adults with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand. J Med Virol 2019; 92:174-186. [PMID: 31498444 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Group A rotavirus (RVA) is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. This study aims to clarify the distribution of G/P types and genetic characteristics of RVAs circulating in Thailand. Between January 2014 and September 2016, 1867 stool specimens were collected from children and adults with acute gastroenteritis in six provinces in Thailand. RVAs were detected in 514/1867 (27.5%) stool specimens. G1P[8] (44.7%) was the most predominant genotype, followed by G3P[8] (33.7%), G2P[4] (11.5%), G8P[8] (7.0%), and G9P[8] (1.3%). Unusual G3P[9] (0.8%), G3P[10] (0.4%), G4P[6] (0.4%), and G10P[14] (0.2%) were also detected at low frequencies. The predominant genotype, G1P[8] (64.4%), in 2014 decreased to 6.1% in 2016. In contrast, the frequency of G3P[8] markedly increased from 5.5% in 2014 to 65.3% in 2015 and 89.8% in 2016. On polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, most (135/140; 96.4%) of the G3P[8] strains exhibited a short RNA profile. Successful determination of the nucleotide sequences of the VP7 genes of 98 G3P[8] strains with a short RNA profile showed that they are all equine-like G3P[8] strains. On phylogenetic analysis of genome segments of two representative Thai equine-like G3P[8] strains, it was noteworthy that they possessed distinct NSP4 genes, one bovine-like and the other human-like. Thus, we found that characteristic equine-like G3P[8] strains with a short RNA electropherotype are becoming highly prevalent in children and adults in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratana Tacharoenmuang
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand.,Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Komoto
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ratigorn Guntapong
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sompong Upachai
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Phakapun Singchai
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Tomihiko Ide
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.,Center for Research Promotion and Support, Joint Research Support Promotion Facility, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Saori Fukuda
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Busarawan Sriwantana
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Sciences Technical Office, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Masashi Tatsumi
- Thailand-Japan Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Kazushi Motomura
- Thailand-Japan Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections, Nonthaburi, Thailand.,Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naokazu Takeda
- Thailand-Japan Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Takayuki Murata
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Somchai Sangkitporn
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Koki Taniguchi
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Yoshikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Sadiq A, Bostan N, Bokhari H, Matthijnssens J, Yinda KC, Raza S, Nawaz T. Molecular characterization of human group A rotavirus genotypes circulating in Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Pakistan during 2015-2016. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220387. [PMID: 31361761 PMCID: PMC6667158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are one of the major causes of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children worldwide. Owing to lack of proper surveillance programs and health facilities, developing countries of Asia and Africa carry a disproportionately heavy share of the RVA disease burden. The aim of this hospital-based study was to investigate the circulation of RVA genotypes in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan in 2015 and 2016, prior to the implementation of RVA vaccine. 639 faecal samples collected from children under 10 years of age hospitalized with AGE were tested for RVA antigen by ELISA. Among 171 ELISA positive samples, 143 were successfully screened for RT-PCR and sequencing. The prevalence of RVA was found to be 26.8% with the highest frequency (34.9%) found among children of age group 6-11 months. The most predominant circulating genotypes were G3P[8] (22.4%) followed by G12P[6] (20.3%), G2P[4] (12.6%), G1P[8] (11.9%), G9P[6] (11.9%), G3P[4] (9.1%), G1P[6] (4.2%), G9P[8] (4.2%), and G3P[6] (0.7%). A single mixed genotype G1G3P[8] was also detected. The findings of this study provide baseline data, that will help to assess if future vaccination campaigns using currently available RVA vaccine will reduce RVA disease burden and instigate evolutionary changes in the overall RVA biology. The high prevalence of RVA infections in Pakistan require to improve and strengthen the surveillance and monitoring system for RVA. This will provide useful information for health authorities in planning public health care strategies to mitigate the disease burden caused by RVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Sadiq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University (CUI), Tarlai Kalan, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Bostan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University (CUI), Tarlai Kalan, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Habib Bokhari
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University (CUI), Tarlai Kalan, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jelle Matthijnssens
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Viral Metagenomics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kwe Claude Yinda
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Viral Metagenomics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Saqlain Raza
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University (CUI), Tarlai Kalan, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Nawaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University (CUI), Tarlai Kalan, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Xu C, Fu J, Ai J, Zhang J, Liu C, Huo X, Bao C, Zhu Y. Phylogenetic analysis of human G9P[8] rotavirus strains circulating in Jiangsu, China between 2010 and 2016. J Med Virol 2018; 90:1461-1470. [PMID: 29719060 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Rotavirus A (RVA) is the leading cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age worldwide. G9P[8] is a common RVA genotype that has been persistently prevalent in Jiangsu, China. To determine the genetic diversity of G9P[8] RVAs, 7 representative G9P[8] strains collected from Suzhou Children's Hospital between 2010 and 2016 (named JS2010-JS2016) were analyzed through whole-genome sequencing. All evaluated strains showed the Wa-like constellation G9-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed that the VP7 genes of all strains clustered into lineage G9-III and G9-VI. With the exception of strain JS2012 (P[8]-4), the VP4 sequences of all strains belonged to the P[8]-3 lineage. Sequencing further revealed that amino acid substitutions were present in the antigenic regions of the VP7 and VP4 genes of all strains. Moreover, there were multiple substitutions in antigenic sites I and II of the nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) genes, whereas the other NSP genes were relatively conserved. In conclusion, our phylogenetic analysis of these 7 G9P[8] strains suggests that RVA varied across regions and time. Therefore, our findings suggest that continued surveillance is necessary to explore the molecular evolutionary characteristics of RVA for better prevention and treatment of acute viral gastroenteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianguang Fu
- Key Lab of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Key Lab of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Huo
- Key Lab of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Changjun Bao
- Key Lab of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yefei Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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