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Liu J, Su G, Duan C, Sun Z, Xiao S, Zhou Y, Fang L. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection activates ADAM17 to induce inflammatory responses. Vet Microbiol 2024; 292:110066. [PMID: 38555788 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), which has posed substantial threats to the swine industry worldwide, is primarily characterized by interstitial pneumonia. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) is a multifunctional sheddase involved in various inflammatory diseases. Herein, our study showed that PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection elevated ADAM17 activity, as demonstrated in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), an immortalized PAM cell line (IPAM cells), and the lung tissues of PRRSV-infected piglets. We found that PRRSV infection promoted ADAM17 translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi by enhancing its interaction with inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2), a newly identified ADAM17 regulator, which in turn elevated ADAM17 activity. By screening for PRRSV-encoded structural proteins, viral envelope (E) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins were identified as the predominant ADAM17 activators. E and N proteins bind with both ADAM17 and iRhom2 to form ternary protein complexes, ultimately strengthening their interactions. Additionally, we demonstrated, using an ADAM17-knockout cell line, that ADAM17 augmented the shedding of soluble TNF-α, a pivotal inflammatory mediator. We also discovered that ADAM17-mediated cleavage of porcine TNF-α occurred between Arg-78 and Ser-79. By constructing a precision mutant cell line with Arg-78-Glu/Ser-79-Glu substitution mutations in TNF-α, we further revealed that the ADAM17-mediated production of soluble TNF-α contributed to the induction of inflammatory responses by PRRSV and its E and N proteins. Taken together, our results elucidate the mechanism by which PRRSV infection activates the iRhom2/ADAM17/TNF-α axis to enhance inflammatory responses, providing valuable insights into the elucidation of PRRSV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guanning Su
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chenrui Duan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanrong Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Liurong Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Lu HY, Wang MY, Zhu SX, Ju HM, Xu SQ, Qiao Y, Wei SJ, Su ZL. ILC2 influence the differentiation of alveolar type II epithelial cells in bronchopulmonary dysplasia mice. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:604-614. [PMID: 37647586 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a common complication of premature infants, is mainly characterized by blocked alveolarization. Proverbially, the injury of alveolar type II epithelial cells is regarded as the pathologic basis of occurrence and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. In the case of alveolar epithelial damage, alveolar type II epithelial cells can also differentiate to alveolar type I epithelial cells as progenitor cells. During bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the differentiation of alveolar type II epithelial cells becomes abnormal. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells can produce type 2 cytokines in response to a variety of stimuli, including the epithelial cytokines IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Previous studies have shown that group 2 innate lymphoid cells can inhibit the alveolarization process of bronchopulmonary dysplasia by secreting IL-13. However, whether group 2 innate lymphoid cells can affect the differentiation of alveolar type II epithelial cells in the pathologic process of bronchopulmonary dysplasia remains unclear. In this study, we have shown that IL-13 secreted by group 2 innate lymphoid cells increased during bronchopulmonary dysplasia, which was related to the release of large amounts of IL-33 by impaired alveolar type II epithelial cells. This led to abnormal differentiation of alveolar type II epithelial cells, reduced differentiation to alveolar type I epithelial cells, and increased transdifferentiation to mesenchymal cells through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Taken together, our study provides a complementary understanding of the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and highlights a novel immune mechanism in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Ming-Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Shao-Xuan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Hui-Min Ju
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Su-Qing Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Shan-Jie Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Zhao-Liang Su
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute for medical Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
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Li J, Wang Y, Wang R, Wu MY, Shan J, Zhang YC, Xu HM. Study on the molecular mechanisms of tetrandrine against pulmonary fibrosis based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental verification. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10201. [PMID: 36046534 PMCID: PMC9421403 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aims to screen the potential targets of tetrandrine (Tet) against pulmonary fibrosis (PF) based on network pharmacological analysis, molecular docking and experimental verification. Main methods The network pharmacology methods were employed to predict targets, construct Tet-PF-intersection target-pathway networks, and screen the candidate targets. The molecular docking was performed using AutoDockTools1.5.6. TGF-β1-induced human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were used as an in vitro experimental verification model, taking dexamethasone (Dex) as the positive control, to verify the effects of Tet on the mRNA expression of the candidate targets. Key findings Six candidate targets were predicted based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, namely PIK3CA, PDPK1, RAC1, PTK2, KDR, and RPS6KB1. The experimental verification results showed that Dex and Tet presented quite different pharmacological effects. Specifically, compared with the model group, both Dex and Tet (5 μΜ) significantly increased the mRNA expression of PIK3CA and KDR (P < 0.001). Dex up-regulated the mRNA expression of PDPK1 and RAC1, while Tet (1.25 μΜ) down-regulated (P < 0.001). Dex up-regulated the mRNA expression of PTK2, but Tet had no effect. Dex down-regulated RPS6KB1 mRNA expression, while Tet (5 μΜ) up-regulated (P < 0.01). Significance Combined with the results of theoretical calculation and experimental verification, and considering the roles of these targets in the pathogenesis of PF, Tet might antagonize PF by acting on PDPK1 and RAC1. The results of this study will provide scientific reference for the prevention and clinical diagnosis and treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Meng-Yu Wu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jing Shan
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Ying-Chi Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Hai-Ming Xu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, No. 1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Crosstalk between ILC2s and Th2 CD4+ T Cells in Lung Disease. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:8871037. [PMID: 35592688 PMCID: PMC9113865 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8871037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine secretion, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, and amphiregulin (Areg), by type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) is indispensable for homeostasis, remodeling/repairing tissue structure, inflammation, and tumor immunity. Often viewed as the innate cell surrogate of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, ILC2s not only secrete the same type 2 cytokines, but are also inextricably related to CD4+T cells in terms of cell origin and regulatory factors, bridging between innate and adaptive immunity. ILC2s interact with CD4+T cells to play a leading role in a variety of diseases through secretory factors. Here, we review the latest progress on ILC2s and CD4+T cells in the lung, the close relationship between the two, and their relevance in the lung disease and immunity. This literature review aids future research in pulmonary type 2 immune diseases and guides innovative treatment approaches for these diseases.
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