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Gandhi S, Shaulli X, Fock J, Scheffold F, Marie R. IgG and IgM differentiation in a particle-based agglutination assay by control over antigen surface density. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:026124. [PMID: 38894961 PMCID: PMC11184967 DOI: 10.1063/5.0196224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) testing offers fast and on-site diagnostics and can be crucial against many infectious diseases and in screening. One remaining challenge in serological POC testing is the quantification of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Quantification of IgG/IgM can be important to evaluate immunity and to discriminate recent infections from past infections and primary infections from secondary infections. POC tests such as lateral flow immunoassays allow IgG and IgM differentiation; however, a remaining limitation is their incapacity to provide quantitative results. In this work, we show how samples containing IgG or IgM can be distinguished in a nanoparticle-based agglutination biosensing assay by tuning the density of antigens on the nanoparticles' surface. We employ direct STochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy to quantify the accessible SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike proteins conjugated to magnetic nanoparticles at a single-particle level and gain insight into the protein distribution provided by the conjugation procedure. Furthermore, we measure the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM induced agglutination using an optomagnetic readout principle. We show that particles with high antigen density have a relatively higher sensitivity toward IgM compared to IgG, whereas low antigen density provides a relatively higher sensitivity to IgG. The finding paves the way for its implementation for other agglutination-based serology tests, allowing for more accurate disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanil Gandhi
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Xhorxhina Shaulli
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Frank Scheffold
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Rodolphe Marie
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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GhaderiShekhiAbadi P, Irani M, Noorisepehr M, Maleki A. Magnetic biosensors for identification of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza, HIV, and Ebola viruses: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:272001. [PMID: 36996779 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acc8da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases such as novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Influenza, HIV, Ebola, etc kill many people around the world every year (SARS-CoV-2 in 2019, Ebola in 2013, HIV in 1980, Influenza in 1918). For example, SARS-CoV-2 has plagued higher than 317 000 000 people around the world from December 2019 to January 13, 2022. Some infectious diseases do not yet have not a proper vaccine, drug, therapeutic, and/or detection method, which makes rapid identification and definitive treatments the main challenges. Different device techniques have been used to detect infectious diseases. However, in recent years, magnetic materials have emerged as active sensors/biosensors for detecting viral, bacterial, and plasmids agents. In this review, the recent applications of magnetic materials in biosensors for infectious viruses detection have been discussed. Also, this work addresses the future trends and perspectives of magnetic biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Irani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Noorisepehr
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
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Qu J, Zhao Y, Zhao M, Wu P, Xue J, Jin H. Human serum paraben levels and their associations with rheumatoid arthritis: a case-control study from Hangzhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:7198-7206. [PMID: 36031678 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22766-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are widely used in consumer products resulting in frequent exposure to humans. To date, little is known about the association between human paraben exposure and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, a case-control study (n = 290) was conducted in Hangzhou, China, aiming to quantify the concentrations of methyl paraben (MeP), ethyl paraben (EtP), propyl paraben (PrP), and butyl paraben (BuP) in serum samples and to determine their associations with RA risks. MeP (mean 4.7 ng/mL, range <0.05-20 ng/mL) was the predominant paraben in human serum, followed by PrP (1.9 ng/mL, <0.12-24 ng/mL), EtP (1.4 ng/mL, <0.09-10 ng/mL), and BuP (1.09 ng/mL, <0.10-10 ng/mL). With 1-unit increase of MeP concentrations in human serum, the levels of rheumatoid factors, anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, and immunoglobulin G will increase by 0.19 unit (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.12-0.46), 0.30 unit (95% CI: 0.26-0.58), and 0.24 unit (95% CI: 0.21-0.30) in the adjusted model, respectively. One-unit increase of MeP and PrP concentrations in human serum was associated with an increase of 0.15 (95% CI: 0.037-0.28) and 0.20 (95% CI: 0.10-0.32) in the C-reactive protein concentrations. In addition, an association between serum MeP levels and the incidence of RA (odds ratios (OR)crude = 1.33, CI: 1.11-1.62, p = 0.03; ORadjusted = 1.86, CI: 1.32-2.63, p = 0.02) was positive and significant. Based on the measurements of serum paraben concentrations, this work supports the evidence for the significant associations among paraben exposure, change of specific immune marker, and RA risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Qu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, People's Republic of China.
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Rapid Quantitative Point-Of-Care Diagnostic Test for Post COVID-19 Vaccination Antibody Monitoring. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0039622. [PMID: 35357223 PMCID: PMC9045215 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00396-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) quantification of antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can enable decentralized monitoring of immune responses after infection or vaccination. We evaluated a novel POC microfluidic cartridge-based device (ViroTrack Sero COVID-19 Total Ab) for quantitative detection of total antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike trimeric spike protein compared to standard laboratory chemiluminescence (CLIA)-based tests. Antibody responses of 101 individuals were measured on capillary blood, venous whole blood, plasma, and diluted plasma samples directly on the POC. Results were available within 7 min. As the reference, plasma samples were analyzed on DiaSorin LIAISON XL CLIA analyzer using LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 IgM, LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG, and LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS IgG assays. The Spearman rank’s correlation coefficient between ViroTrack Sero COVID-19 Total Ab and LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG and LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS IgG assays was found to be 0.83 and 0.89, respectively. ViroTrack Sero COVID-19 Total Ab showed high correlation between the different matrixes. Agreement for determination of samples of >230 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL on POC and CLIA methods is estimated to be around 90%. ViroTrack Sero Covid Total Ab is a rapid and simple-to-use POC test with high sensitivity and correlation of numerical results expressed in BAU/mL compared to those of a commercial CLIA assay. IMPORTANCE Serological testing is an important diagnostic support tool in the fight against COVID-19. So far, serological testing has been performed on either lateral flow assays, which perform only qualitatively and can be difficult for the individual to read, or standard laboratory assays, which are time- and resource-consuming. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of a new POC microfluidic cartridge-based device based on immunomagnetic agglutination assay that can provide an accurate numerical quantification of the total antibodies within only 7 min from a single drop of capillary blood. We demonstrated a high level of correlation between the POC and the two CLIA laboratory-based immunoassays from Diasorin, thus allowing a potentially wider use of quantitative serology tests in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Iliescu FS, Ionescu AM, Gogianu L, Simion M, Dediu V, Chifiriuc MC, Pircalabioru GG, Iliescu C. Point-of-Care Testing-The Key in the Battle against SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1464. [PMID: 34945314 PMCID: PMC8708595 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic urged the development of diagnostic tools to manage the spread of disease. Currently, the "gold standard" involves the use of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Even though it is sensitive, specific and applicable for large batches of samples, qRT-PCR is labour-intensive, time-consuming, requires trained personnel and is not available in remote settings. This review summarizes and compares the available strategies for COVID-19: serological testing, Point-of-Care Testing, nanotechnology-based approaches and biosensors. Last but not least, we address the advantages and limitations of these methods as well as perspectives in COVID-19 diagnostics. The effort is constantly focused on understanding the quickly changing landscape of available diagnostic testing of COVID-19 at the clinical levels and introducing reliable and rapid screening point of care testing. The last approach is key to aid the clinical decision-making process for infection control, enhancing an appropriate treatment strategy and prompt isolation of asymptomatic/mild cases. As a viable alternative, Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) is typically low-cost and user-friendly, hence harbouring tremendous potential for rapid COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florina Silvia Iliescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Ana Maria Ionescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Larisa Gogianu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Monica Simion
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Violeta Dediu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- The Romanian Academy, 25, Calea Victoriei, Sector 1, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Ciprian Iliescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, IMT-Bucharest, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; (F.S.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.G.); (M.S.); (V.D.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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