1
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Wang ZX, Li YL, Pu JL, Zhang BR. DNA Damage-Mediated Neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076313. [PMID: 37047285 PMCID: PMC10093980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease around the world; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear so far. Recent advances have shown that DNA damage and repair deficiency play an important role in the pathophysiology of PD. There is growing evidence suggesting that DNA damage is involved in the propagation of cellular damage in PD, leading to neuropathology under different conditions. Here, we reviewed the current work on DNA damage repair in PD. First, we outlined the evidence and causes of DNA damage in PD. Second, we described the potential pathways by which DNA damage mediates neurotoxicity in PD and discussed the precise mechanisms that drive these processes by DNA damage. In addition, we looked ahead to the potential interventions targeting DNA damage and repair. Finally, based on the current status of research, key problems that need to be addressed in future research were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia-Li Pu
- Correspondence: (J.-L.P.); (B.-R.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-87784752 (J.-L.P. & B.-R.Z.)
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Correspondence: (J.-L.P.); (B.-R.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-87784752 (J.-L.P. & B.-R.Z.)
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2
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Mansour HM, Mohamed AF, El-Khatib AS, Khattab MM. Kinases control of regulated cell death revealing druggable targets for Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 85:101841. [PMID: 36608709 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in the world. Motor impairment seen in PD is associated with dopaminergic neurotoxicity in the striatum, and dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Cell death has a significant effect on the development and progression of PD. Extensive research over the last few decades has unveiled new regulated cell death (RCD) mechanisms that are not dependent on apoptosis such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, and others. In this review, we will overview the mechanistic pathways of different types of RCD. Unlike accidental cell death, RCD subroutines can be regulated and the RCD-associated kinases are potential druggable targets. Hence, we will address an overview and analysis of different kinases regulating apoptosis such as receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK-1), RIPK3, mixed lineage kinase (MLK), Ataxia telangiectasia muted (ATM), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1), Apoptosis-signaling kinase-1 (ASK-1), and Leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2). In addition to the role of RIPK1, RIPK3, and Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain like Pseudokinase (MLKL) in necroptosis. We also overview functions of AMP-kinase (AMPK), protein kinase C (PKC), RIPK3, and ATM in ferroptosis. We will recap the anti-apoptotic, anti-necroptotic, and anti-ferroptotic effects of different kinase inhibitors in different models of PD. Finally, we will discuss future challenges in the repositioning of kinase inhibitors in PD. In conclusion, this review kicks-start targeting RCD from a kinases perspective, opening novel therapeutic disease-modifying therapeutic avenues for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed F Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aiman S El-Khatib
- Egyptian Drug Authority, EDA, Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Khattab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Gonçalves DF, Senger LR, Foletto JVP, Michelotti P, Soares FAA, Dalla Corte CL. Caffeine improves mitochondrial function in PINK1 B9-null mutant Drosophila melanogaster. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2023; 55:1-13. [PMID: 36494592 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-022-09952-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in Parkinson's disease (PD) and can be triggered by xenobiotics and mutations in mitochondrial quality control genes, such as the PINK1 gene. Caffeine has been proposed as a secondary treatment to relieve PD symptoms mainly by its antagonistic effects on adenosine receptors (ARs). Nonetheless, the potential protective effects of caffeine on mitochondrial dysfunction could be a strategy in PD treatment but need further investigation. In this study, we used high-resolution respirometry (HRR) to test caffeine's effects on mitochondrial dysfunction in PINK1B9-null mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. PINK1 loss-of-function induced mitochondrial dysfunction in PINK1B9-null flies observed by a decrease in O2 flux related to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and electron transfer system (ETS), respiratory control ratio (RCR) and ATP synthesis compared to control flies. Caffeine treatment improved OXPHOS and ETS in PINKB9-null mutant flies, increasing the mitochondrial O2 flux compared to untreated PINKB9-null mutant flies. Moreover, caffeine treatment increased O2 flux coupled to ATP synthesis and mitochondrial respiratory control ratio (RCR) in PINK 1B9-null mutant flies. The effects of caffeine on respiratory parameters were abolished by rotenone co-treatment, suggesting that caffeine exerts its beneficial effects mainly by stimulating the mitochondrial complex I (CI). In conclusion, we demonstrate that caffeine may improve mitochondrial function by increasing mitochondrial OXPHOS and ETS respiration in the PD model using PINK1 loss-of-function mutant flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora F Gonçalves
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105- 900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leahn R Senger
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105- 900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - João V P Foletto
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105- 900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Michelotti
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105- 900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Félix A A Soares
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105- 900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane L Dalla Corte
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105- 900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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4
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Zhang Y, Lyu L, Wang W, Zhang L. High expression of E2F transcription factors 7: An independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29253. [PMID: 35984189 PMCID: PMC9388032 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma is the most common pathological type of lung cancer. The E2F7 transcription factor has been confirmed to be related to the occurrence and development of a variety of solid tumors, but the relationship with the prognosis of lung cancer is still unclear. Therefore, we conducted this study to explore the prognostic value of E2F7 for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. In this study, we analyzed samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to study the correlation between the expression of E2F7 and clinical features, the difference in expression between tumors and normal tissues, the prognostic and diagnostic value, and Enrichment analysis of related genes. All statistical analysis uses R statistical software (version 3.6.3). The result shows that the expression level of E2F7 in LUAD was significantly higher than that of normal lung tissue (P = 1e-34). High expression of E2F7 was significantly correlated with gender (P = .034), pathologic stage (P = .046) and M stage (P = .025). Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed that E2F7 is an independent risk factor for OS in LUAD patients (P = .027). Genes related to cell cycle checkpoints, DNA damage telomere stress-induced senescence, DNA methylation, chromosome maintenance and mitotic prophase showed differential enrichment in the E2F7 high expression group. In short, high expression of E2F7 is an independent risk factor for OS in LUAD patients and has a high diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Xinjiang Medical University, Department of thoracic surgery, Feicheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Lan Lyu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Feicheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Expert's Outpatient, Feicheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Xinjiang Medical University, China
- *Correspondence: Liwei Zhang, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, 830054, China (e-mail: )
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5
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Vazquez-Villasenor I, Garwood CJ, Simpson JE, Heath PR, Mortiboys H, Wharton SB. Persistent DNA damage alters the neuronal transcriptome suggesting cell cycle dysregulation and altered mitochondrial function. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:6987-7005. [PMID: 34536321 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage induces changes in the neuronal cell cycle and activates a DNA damage response (DDR) to promote repair, but these processes may be altered under a chronic oxidative environment, leading to the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage and continued activation of a DDR. Failure to repair DNA damage can lead to apoptosis or senescence, which is characterized by a permanent cell cycle arrest. Increased oxidative stress and accumulation of oxidative DNA damage are features of brain ageing and neurodegeneration, but the effects of persistent DNA damage in neurons are not well characterized. We developed a model of persistent oxidative DNA damage in immortalized post-mitotic neurons in vitro by exposing them to a sublethal concentration of hydrogen peroxide following a 'double stress' protocol and performed a detailed characterization of the neuronal transcriptome using microarray analysis. Persistent DNA damage significantly altered the expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, DDR and repair mechanisms, and mitochondrial function, suggesting an active DDR response to replication stress and alterations in mitochondrial electron transport chain. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and functional validation experiments confirmed hyperactivation of mitochondrial Complex I in response to persistent DNA damage. These changes in response to persistent oxidative DNA damage may lead to further oxidative stress, contributing to neuronal dysfunction and ultimately neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire J Garwood
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julie E Simpson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul R Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Heather Mortiboys
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen B Wharton
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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6
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Rostas SE, McPherson C. Caffeine Therapy in Preterm Infants: The Dose (and Timing) Make the Medicine. Neonatal Netw 2020; 38:365-374. [PMID: 31712401 DOI: 10.1891/0730-0832.38.6.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is one of the most commonly utilized medications in the NICU. In preterm infants, short-term and long-term pulmonary and neurodevelopmental benefits of therapy are well documented in the literature. While robust evidence supports the use of standard doses of caffeine for apnea of prematurity or to facilitate successful extubation, much remains unknown regarding the boundaries of efficacy and safety for this common therapeutic agent. Escalating dosing regimens seem to provide additional benefit in select infants, but grave toxicity has also been documented with early utilization of high-dose caffeine. Conflicting data exist surrounding the ideal timing of initiation of therapy. Even the widely adhered to discontinuation point has been challenged by data supporting continued use. Until robust data definitively support change, practice should align with current evidence defining clear, safe, and efficacious dosing and timing of caffeine therapy.
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7
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Gonzalez-Hunt CP, Sanders LH. DNA damage and repair in Parkinson's disease: Recent advances and new opportunities. J Neurosci Res 2020; 99:180-189. [PMID: 32048327 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common movement neurodegenerative disorder. Although our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis in PD has greatly expanded, this knowledge thus far has failed to translate into disease-modifying therapies. Therefore, it is of the utmost urgency to interrogate further the multifactorial etiology of PD. DNA repair defects cause many neurodegenerative diseases. An exciting new PD research avenue is the role that DNA damage and repair may play in neuronal death. The goal of this mini-review was to discuss the evidence for the types of DNA damage that accumulates in PD, which has provided clues for which DNA repair pathways, such as DNA double-strand break repair, are dysfunctional. We further highlight compelling data for activation of the DNA damage response in familial and idiopathic PD. The significance of DNA damage and repair is emerging in the PD field and linking these insights to PD pathogenesis may provide new insights into PD pathophysiology and consequently lead to new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurie H Sanders
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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8
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Uliassi E, Peña-Altamira LE, Morales AV, Massenzio F, Petralla S, Rossi M, Roberti M, Martinez Gonzalez L, Martinez A, Monti B, Bolognesi ML. A Focused Library of Psychotropic Analogues with Neuroprotective and Neuroregenerative Potential. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:279-294. [PMID: 30253086 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcoming the lack of effective treatments and the continuous clinical trial failures in neurodegenerative drug discovery might require a shift from the prevailing paradigm targeting pathogenesis to the one targeting simultaneously neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. In the studies reported herein, we sought to identify small molecules that might exert neuroprotective and neuroregenerative potential as tools against neurodegenerative diseases. In doing so, we started from the reported neuroprotective/neuroregenerative mechanisms of psychotropic drugs featuring a tricyclic alkylamine scaffold. Thus, we designed a focused-chemical library of 36 entries aimed at exploring the structural requirements for efficient neuroprotective/neuroregenerative cellular activity, without the manifestation of toxicity. To this aim, we developed a synthetic protocol, which overcame the limited applicability of previously reported procedures. Next, we evaluated the synthesized compounds through a phenotypic screening pipeline, based on primary neuronal systems. Phenothiazine 2Bc showed improved neuroregenerative and neuroprotective properties with respect to reference drug desipramine (2Aa). Importantly, we have also shown that 2Bc outperformed currently available drugs in cell models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and attenuates microglial activation by reducing iNOS expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Uliassi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Luis Emiliano Peña-Altamira
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Aixa V. Morales
- Department of Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Av. Doctor Arce, 37, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Francesca Massenzio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Sabrina Petralla
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Michele Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Loreto Martinez Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
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9
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Martinez M, Rossetto IMU, Neto FSL, Tirapelli LF, Tirapelli DPC, Chuffa LGA, Cagnon VHA, Martinez FE. Interactions of ethanol and caffeine on apoptosis in the rat cerebellum (voluntary ethanol consumers). Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1575-1583. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology; Federal University of São Carlos; SP Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz F. Tirapelli
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy; USP-University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | | | | | - Valeria H. A. Cagnon
- Department of Anatomy; Cellular Biology, Physiology and Biophysics, UNICAMP; Campinas SP Brazil
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10
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Chwastek J, Jantas D, Lasoń W. The ATM kinase inhibitor KU-55933 provides neuroprotection against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage via a γH2AX/p-p53/caspase-3-independent mechanism: Inhibition of calpain and cathepsin D. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 87:38-53. [PMID: 28341201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of the kinase ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a well-known protein engaged in DNA damage repair, in the regulation of neuronal responses to oxidative stress remains unexplored. Thus, the neuroprotective efficacy of KU-55933, a potent inhibitor of ATM, against cell damage evoked by oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2) has been studied in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and compared with the efficacy of this agent in models of doxorubicin (Dox)- and staurosporine (St)-evoked cell death. KU-55933 inhibited the cell death induced by H2O2 or Dox but not by St in undifferentiated (UN-) and retinoic acid-differentiated (RA)-SH-SY5Y cells, with a more pronounced effect in the latter cell phenotype. Furthermore, this ATM inhibitor attenuated the Dox- but not H2O2-induced caspase-3 activity in both UN- and RA-SH-SY5Y cells. Although KU-55933 inhibited the H2O2- and Dox-induced activation of ATM, it attenuated the toxin-induced phosphorylation of the proteins H2AX and p53 only in the latter model of cell damage. Moreover, the ATM inhibitor prevented the H2O2-evoked increases in calpain and cathepsin D activity and attenuated cell damage to a similar degree as inhibitors of calpain (MDL28170) and cathepsin D (pepstatin A). Finally, we confirmed the neuroprotective potential of KU-55933 against the H2O2- and Dox-evoked cell damage in primary mouse cerebellar granule cells and in the mouse hippocampal HT-22 cell line. Altogether, our results extend the neuroprotective portfolio of KU-55933 to a model of oxidative stress, with this effect not involving inhibition of the γH2AX/p-p53/caspase-3 pathway and instead associated with the attenuation of calpain and cathepsin D activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Chwastek
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Danuta Jantas
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Władysław Lasoń
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
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11
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Wang H, Dharmalingam P, Vasquez V, Mitra J, Boldogh I, Rao KS, Kent TA, Mitra S, Hegde ML. Chronic oxidative damage together with genome repair deficiency in the neurons is a double whammy for neurodegeneration: Is damage response signaling a potential therapeutic target? Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 161:163-176. [PMID: 27663141 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A foremost challenge for the neurons, which are among the most oxygenated cells, is the genome damage caused by chronic exposure to endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), formed as cellular respiratory byproducts. Strong metabolic activity associated with high transcriptional levels in these long lived post-mitotic cells render them vulnerable to oxidative genome damage, including DNA strand breaks and mutagenic base lesions. There is growing evidence for the accumulation of unrepaired DNA lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) during accelerated aging and progressive neurodegeneration. Several germ line mutations in DNA repair or DNA damage response (DDR) signaling genes are uniquely manifested in the phenotype of neuronal dysfunction and are etiologically linked to many neurodegenerative disorders. Studies in our lab and elsewhere revealed that pro-oxidant metals, ROS and misfolded amyloidogenic proteins not only contribute to genome damage in CNS, but also impede their repair/DDR signaling leading to persistent damage accumulation, a common feature in sporadic neurodegeneration. Here, we have reviewed recent advances in our understanding of the etiological implications of DNA damage vs. repair imbalance, abnormal DDR signaling in triggering neurodegeneration and potential of DDR as a target for the amelioration of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Prakash Dharmalingam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Velmarini Vasquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama City, Panama; Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, AP, India; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joy Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - K S Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama City, Panama
| | - Thomas A Kent
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine and Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA
| | - Muralidhar L Hegde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA.
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12
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Carelli-Alinovi C, Ficarra S, Russo AM, Giunta E, Barreca D, Galtieri A, Misiti F, Tellone E. Involvement of acetylcholinesterase and protein kinase C in the protective effect of caffeine against β-amyloid-induced alterations in red blood cells. Biochimie 2016; 121:52-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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13
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Lu XH, Mattis VB, Wang N, Al-Ramahi I, van den Berg N, Fratantoni SA, Waldvogel H, Greiner E, Osmand A, Elzein K, Xiao J, Dijkstra S, de Pril R, Vinters HV, Faull R, Signer E, Kwak S, Marugan JJ, Botas J, Fischer DF, Svendsen CN, Munoz-Sanjuan I, Yang XW. Targeting ATM ameliorates mutant Huntingtin toxicity in cell and animal models of Huntington's disease. Sci Transl Med 2015; 6:268ra178. [PMID: 25540325 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3010523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Age-related neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease (HD) consistently show elevated DNA damage, but the relevant molecular pathways in disease pathogenesis remain unclear. One attractive gene is that encoding the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein, a kinase involved in the DNA damage response, apoptosis, and cellular homeostasis. Loss-of-function mutations in both alleles of ATM cause ataxia-telangiectasia in children, but heterozygous mutation carriers are disease-free. Persistently elevated ATM signaling has been demonstrated in Alzheimer's disease and in mouse models of other neurodegenerative diseases. We show that ATM signaling was consistently elevated in cells derived from HD mice and in brain tissue from HD mice and patients. ATM knockdown protected from toxicities induced by mutant Huntingtin (mHTT) fragments in mammalian cells and in transgenic Drosophila models. By crossing the murine Atm heterozygous null allele onto BACHD mice expressing full-length human mHTT, we show that genetic reduction of Atm gene dosage by one copy ameliorated multiple behavioral deficits and partially improved neuropathology. Small-molecule ATM inhibitors reduced mHTT-induced death of rat striatal neurons and induced pluripotent stem cells derived from HD patients. Our study provides converging genetic and pharmacological evidence that reduction of ATM signaling could ameliorate mHTT toxicity in cellular and animal models of HD, suggesting that ATM may be a useful therapeutic target for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Lu
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. UCLA Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Virginia B Mattis
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. UCLA Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ismael Al-Ramahi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | | - Henry Waldvogel
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Erin Greiner
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. UCLA Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alex Osmand
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Karla Elzein
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jingbo Xiao
- NIH Chemical Genomic Center, National Center for Advancing Translation Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sipke Dijkstra
- BioFocus, a Charles River company, Leiden 233CR, the Netherlands
| | | | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Neurology), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard Faull
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Ethan Signer
- CHDI Foundation/CHDI Management Inc., Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Seung Kwak
- CHDI Foundation/CHDI Management Inc., Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Juan J Marugan
- NIH Chemical Genomic Center, National Center for Advancing Translation Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan Botas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David F Fischer
- BioFocus, a Charles River company, Leiden 233CR, the Netherlands
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | | | - X William Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. UCLA Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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14
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Frau L, Simola N, Morelli M. Contribution of Caffeine to the Psychostimulant, Neuroinflammatory and Neurotoxic Effects of Amphetamine-Related Drugs. JOURNAL OF CAFFEINE RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1089/jcr.2013.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Frau
- Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Nicola Simola
- Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Micaela Morelli
- Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Cagliari, Italy
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15
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Caffeine and uric acid mediate glutathione synthesis for neuroprotection. Neuroscience 2011; 181:206-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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16
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Doyle LW, Cheong J, Hunt RW, Lee KJ, Thompson DK, Davis PG, Rees S, Anderson PJ, Inder TE. Caffeine and brain development in very preterm infants. Ann Neurol 2010; 68:734-42. [PMID: 21031585 DOI: 10.1002/ana.22098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Caffeine improves neurological outcome in very preterm infants, but the mechanisms responsible for this neurological benefit are unknown. The objective of this study was to assess whether caffeine influenced brain macro- or microstructural development in preterm infants. METHODS Seventy preterm infants <1,251 g birthweight randomly allocated to either caffeine (n = 33) or placebo (n = 37) underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term-equivalent age; white and gray matter abnormalities were qualitatively scored, global and regional brain volumes were measured, and white matter microstructure was evaluated using diffusion-weighted imaging. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the groups in the extent of white matter or gray matter abnormality, or in global or regional brain volumes. In contrast, although only available in 28 children, caffeine exposure was associated with reductions in the apparent diffusion coefficient, and radial and axial diffusivity with the greatest impact in the superior brain regions. The alterations in diffusion measures were not mediated by lowering the rate of lung injury, known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. INTERPRETATION These diffusion changes are consistent with improved white matter microstructural development in preterm infants who received caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lex W Doyle
- Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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17
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Camins A, Pizarro JG, Alvira D, Gutierrez-Cuesta J, de la Torre AV, Folch J, Sureda FX, Verdaguer E, Junyent F, Jordán J, Ferrer I, Pallàs M. Activation of ataxia telangiectasia muted under experimental models and human Parkinson's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:3865-82. [PMID: 20502937 PMCID: PMC11115894 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we demonstrated that neurotoxin MPP(+)-induced DNA damage is followed by ataxia telangiectasia muted (ATM) activation either in cerebellar granule cells (CGC) or in B65 cell line. In CGC, the selective ATM inhibitor KU-55933 showed neuroprotective effects against MPP(+)-induced neuronal cell loss and apoptosis, lending support to the key role of ATM in experimental models of Parkinson's disease. Likewise, we showed that knockdown of ATM levels in neuroblastoma B65 cells using an ATM-specific siRNA attenuates the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein without affecting other cell-cycle proteins involved in the G(0)/G(1) cell-cycle phase. Moreover, we demonstrated DNA damage, in human brain samples of PD patients. These findings support a model in which MPP(+) leads to ATM activation with a subsequent DNA damage response and activation of pRb. Therefore, this study demonstrates a new link between DNA damage by MPP(+) and cell-cycle re-entry through retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Camins
- Institut de Biomedicina, Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
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18
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Pizarro JG, Verdaguer E, Ancrenaz V, Junyent F, Sureda F, Pallàs M, Folch J, Camins A. Resveratrol Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Neuroblastoma Cells: Role of Sirtuin 1. Neurochem Res 2010; 36:187-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Influence of TEGDMA on the mammalian cell cycle in comparison with chemotherapeutic agents. Dent Mater 2010; 26:232-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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Cyclin-C-dependent cell-cycle entry is required for activation of non-homologous end joining DNA repair in postmitotic neurons. Cell Death Differ 2010; 17:1189-98. [PMID: 20111042 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
It is commonly believed that neurons remain in G(0) phase of the cell cycle indefinitely. Cell-cycle re-entry, however, is known to contribute to neuronal apoptosis. Moreover, recent evidence demonstrates the expression of cell-cycle proteins in differentiated neurons under physiological conditions. The functional roles of such expression remain unclear. Since DNA repair is generally attenuated by differentiation in most cell types, the cell-cycle-associated events in postmitotic cells may reflect the need to re-enter the cell cycle to activate DNA repair. We show that cyclin-C-directed, pRb-dependent G(0) exit activates the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair (NHEJ) in postmitotic neurons. Using RNA interference, we found that abrogation of cyclin-C-mediated exit from G(0) compromised DNA repair but did not initiate apoptosis. Forced G(1) entry combined with prevention of G(1) --> S progression triggered NHEJ activation even in the absence of DNA lesions, but did not induce apoptosis in contrast to unrestricted progression through G(1) --> S. We conclude that G(0) --> G(1) transition is functionally significant for NHEJ repair in postmitotic neurons. These findings reveal the importance of cell-cycle activation for controlling both DNA repair and apoptosis in postmitotic neurons, and underline the particular role of G(1) --> S progression in apoptotic signaling, providing new insights into the mechanisms of DNA damage response (DDR) in postmitotic neurons.
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21
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Folch J, Alvira D, López-Querol M, Tajes M, Sureda FX, Forsby A, Rimbau V, Camins A, Pallàs M. Evaluation of transcriptional activity of caspase-3 gene as a marker of acute neurotoxicity in rat cerebellar granular cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 24:465-71. [PMID: 19815060 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Caspase-3 is a key protein involved in the classical apoptosis mechanism in neurons, as in many other cells types. In the present research, we describe the transcriptional activity of caspase-3 gene as a marker of acute toxicity in a primary culture model of rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). CGNs were incubated for 16h in complete medium containing the chemicals at three concentrations (10, 100microM and 1mM). A total of 48 different compounds were tested. Gene transcriptional activity was determined by low-density array assays, and by single Taqman caspase-3 assays. Results from the PCR arrays showed that the caspase-3 gene was up-regulated when CGNs were exposed to neurotoxic chemicals. Significative correlations were found between the transcriptional activity of caspase-3 and the activity of some other genes related to apoptosis, cell-cycle and ROS detoxification. In our experiments, acute exposure of CGNs to well-documented pro-apoptotic xenobiotics modulated significantly caspase-3 gene expression, whereas chemicals not related to apoptosis did not modify caspase-3 gene expression. In conclusion, acute exposure of CGNs to neurotoxic compounds modulates the transcriptional activity of genes involved in the classical apoptotic pathway, oxidative stress and cell-cycle control. Transcriptional activity of caspase-3 correlates significantly with these changes and it could be a good indicator of acute neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Folch
- Unitat de Bioquimica, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C./St. Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
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22
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Jantas D, Lasoń W. Anti-apoptotic effect of memantine against staurosporine- and low-potassium-induced cell death in cerebellar granule cells: a development-dependent effect. Pharmacol Rep 2009; 61:827-937. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Revised: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Junyent F, Verdaguer E, Pallàs M, Camins A. Role of cdk5 on ATM phosphorylation in neuronal death induced by DNA damage. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.2217/fnl.09.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of: Tian B, Yang Q, Mao Z: Phosphorylation of ATM by Cdk5 mediates DNA damage signalling and regulates neuronal death. Nat. Cell Biol. 11(2), 211–218 (2009). This study demonstrates that Cdk5 phosphorylates ataxia-telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM) at Ser794 in postmitotic neurons when DNA damage is induced. Moreover, the authors describe that phosphorylation at Ser794 is required for autophosphorylation of ATM at Ser1981 and is necessary for its activation. They show that phosphorylation of ATM by Cdk5 plays a key role as a regulator of p53 and H2AX phosphorylation and function, which are direct targets of ATM. Cdk5–ATM pathway interruption protects neurons from cell death since it reduces cell cycle re-entry and the expression of PUMA and Bax, which are targets of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Junyent
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, CIBERNED, Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, CIBERNED, Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia Facultat de Farmàcia, IBUB, CIBERNED, Universitat de Barcelona, Nucli Universitari de Pedralbes, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Evaluation of pathways involved in pentachlorophenol-induced apoptosis in rat neurons. Neurotoxicology 2009; 30:451-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2009.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Tajes Orduña M, Pelegrí Gabalda C, Vilaplana Hortensi J, Pallàs Lliberia M, Camins Espuny A. An evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of melatonin in an in vitro experimental model of age-induced neuronal apoptosis. J Pineal Res 2009; 46:262-7. [PMID: 19196437 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2008.00656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effects of melatonin in an experimental model of aging-induced apoptosis have been examined. Cerebellar granule neurons show characteristics of apoptosis after 17 days in culture (DV). The addition of melatonin to neuronal cell cultures (100-500 mum) resulted in neuroprotective and antiapoptotic effects, which were revealed by nuclear condensed cell counting. In a thorough analysis by Western-blot of the potential pathways responsible for melatonin's neuroprotective effects, we found an increase in the activation of prosurvival Akt. Subsequently GSK3beta inhibition and an increase in p-FOXO1 phosphorylation occurred. In this model of aging, apoptosis was associated with an elevated DNA damage, as demonstrated by an increase in the activation of ataxia telangiectasia muted (ATM). Subsequently, downstream targets such as p53 were activated. Furthermore, the process of DNA damage was coupled to an increase in the expression of certain proteins involved in cell cycle regulation; these were cyclin D and the proapoptotic transcription factor E2F-1. We conclude that the antiapoptotic effects of melatonin were mediated by two potential mechanisms: by increasing the activity of prosurvival pathways via Akt and by the prevention of DNA damage (via ATM inhibition) followed by the reduction of cell cycle re-entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tajes Orduña
- Centro de Investigación de Biomedicina en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Yeste-Velasco M, Folch J, Pallàs M, Camins A. The p38(MAPK) signaling pathway regulates neuronal apoptosis through the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein. Neurochem Int 2008; 54:99-105. [PMID: 19007833 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Revised: 10/13/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of SB202190, a selective p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor in cerebellar granule neurons (CGC) in response to serum potassium deprivation (S/K deprivation), an apoptotic stimulus. CGC apoptosis after S/K deprivation was shown to be mediated through cell cycle re-entry and the induction of transcription factor E2F-1. We found that SB 202190 (10muM) inhibits retinoblastoma protein (pRb) phosphorylation, in response to S/K deprivation. Moreover, the expression of cyclin E and E2F-1 were also significantly decreased. Interestingly, SB202190 did not affect or modulate the increase in the protein expression levels of cyclin D1. Similarly, p-Akt and p-GSK3 protein levels, measured after 12h S/K deprivation, did not appear to be regulated by SB 202190 (10muM). These data indicate that the neuroprotective effects of the p38 inhibitor were not mediated via Akt activation. In conclusion, these results suggest that p38MAPK converged with the cell cycle in S/K deprivation-induced apoptosis through pRb phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Yeste-Velasco
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Caffeine activates the PI3K/Akt pathway and prevents apoptotic cell death in a Parkinson's disease model of SH-SY5Y cells. Neurosci Lett 2007; 432:146-50. [PMID: 18201823 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2007] [Revised: 11/22/2007] [Accepted: 12/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that caffeine, one of the major components of coffee, has a protective effect against developing PD. However, the detailed mechanisms of how caffeine suppresses neuronal death have not been fully elucidated. We investigated the cytoprotective mechanisms of caffeine using human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells as a PD model. Caffeine prevented the apoptotic cell death induced by serum/retinoic acid (RA) deprivation, MPP+, rotenone, and 6-OHDA in SH-SY5Y cells in a dose dependent manner. Caffeine lowered caspase-3 activity induced by serum/RA deprivation and 6-OHDA administration, and also decreased the number of apoptotic condensed and/or fragmented nuclei. Akt was phosphorylated 60 min after caffeine administration in a dose dependent manner; PI3K inhibitors, wortmannin and LY294002 canceled this cytoprotective effect of caffeine. On the other hand, MAPKs such as Erk1/2, p38, or JNK were not activated by caffeine. These results suggest that caffeine has a cytoprotective effect due to the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathways in SH-SY5Y cells.
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