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Ji M, Gong W, Wang S, Zhang D, Chen B, Li X, Wu X, Cui L, Feng Y, Verkhratsky A, Li B. Leptin Attenuates Fear Memory by Inhibiting Astrocytic NLRP3 Inflammasome in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Model. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:1180-1190. [PMID: 35750877 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the activation of nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contributes to the pathophysiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Astrocytes, the homeostatic cells of the central nervous system are intimately involved into pathophysiology of various mental disorders including PTSD. We demonstrated previously that leptin exerts neuroprotection and ameliorates chronic sleep deprivation-induced depressive-like behaviours. Here, we extended the study of therapeutic effects of leptin to PTSD model mice. We discovered that PTSD is associated with significant activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in astrocytes sorted from GFAP-GFP transgenic mice, while administration of leptin markedly suppressed the activation of astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome. Leptin effectively improved PTSD-associated behavioural alterations including fear memory, cognitive impairments, and depressive-like behaviours. Therapeutic effects of leptin were mediated by the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in astrocytes. In addition, the PTSD-related activation of NLRP3 inflammasome impairs astrocytic mitochondria suppressing ATP synthesis and leading to an increased ROS production. Leptin reversed mitochondrial inhibition by stimulating STAT3 in astrocytes. We propose leptin as a novel candidate for the pharmacological treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ji
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenliang Gong
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Siman Wang
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dianjun Zhang
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Binjie Chen
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiafang Wu
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lulu Cui
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, 48011, Bilbao, Spain.
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Baoman Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Gong W, Li X, Feng Y, Ji M, Zhang D, Chen B, Wang S, Wu X, Cui L, Li B, Xia M. Novel pathogenesis of post-traumatic stress disorder studied in transgenic mice. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 161:188-198. [PMID: 36933445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is very common after exposure to trauma, mental stress or violence. Because objective biological markers for PTSD are lacking, exactly diagnosing PTSD is a challenge for clinical psychologists. In-depth research on the pathogenesis of PTSD is a key for solving this problem. In this work, we used male Thy1-YFP transgenic mice, in which neurons are fluorescently labeled, to research the effects of PTSD on neurons in vivo. We initially discovered that pathological stress associated with PTSD increased the activation of glycogen synthesis kinase-beta (GSK-3β) in neurons and induced the translocation of the transcription factor forkhead box-class O3a (FoxO3a) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, which decreased the expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and increased mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to trigger neuronal apoptosis in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Furthermore, the PTSD model mice showed increased freezing and anxiety-like behaviors and more severe decrease of memory and exploratory behavior. Additionally, leptin attenuated neuronal apoptosis by increasing the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which further elevated the expression of UCP2 and inhibited the mitochondrial production of ROS induced by PTSD, thus reducing neuronal apoptosis and ameliorating PTSD-related behaviors. Our study is expected to promote the exploration of PTSD-related pathogenesis in neural cells and the clinical effectiveness of leptin for PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Gong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Ming Ji
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Dianjun Zhang
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Binjie Chen
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Siman Wang
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Xiafang Wu
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Lulu Cui
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China
| | - Baoman Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China.
| | - Maosheng Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, PR China; Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, PR China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, PR China.
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Mao C, Luan H, Gao S, Sheng W. Urolithin A as a Potential Drug for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injuries: A Mechanistic Study Using Network Pharmacology Approaches. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:9090113. [PMID: 35497925 PMCID: PMC9054438 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9090113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective This research was focused to examine the potential targets, action network, and mechanism of urolithin A (UA) in spinal cord injury (SCI) management exploiting the network pharmacology (NP). Methods We used the SwissTargetPrediction, PharmMapper, and TargetNet databases to obtain UA action targets. We searched the OMIM, GeneCards, CTD, and DrugBank databases to screen selected target genes for SCI treatment. The intersection of target genes between the UA and SCI databases was obtained by constructing Venn diagrams, which led to the identification of common druggable targets for the disease. The relationship network of the targets was built with Cytoscape 3.7.2, and the protein interaction network was analyzed with the STRING platform. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network can be built on the STRING database. Gene Ontology (GO) function and KEGG pathway analyses of target intersections were completed with the DAVID 6.8 database. We constructed preliminary network targets for actions underlying UA-SCI interactions. Using the AutoDock software, we examined the molecular docking interactions between UA and its target proteins and further verified the mechanism of the action of UA. Results We obtained 318 UA drug targets and 1492 SCI disease targets. We identified a total of 118 common UA-SCI targets. Based on the PPI analysis, we identified MAPK1, SRC, AKT1, HRAS, MAPK8, HSP90AA1, MAPK14, JAK2, ESR1, and NF-κB1 as possible therapeutic targets. Enrichment analysis revealed that the PI3K-AKT, VEGF, and TNF signaling pathways could be critical for the NP analysis. Molecular docking indicated that UA had a strong affinity for docked proteins (binding energy range: -6.3 to -9.3 kcal mol-1). Conclusions We employed an NP approach to validate and predict the underlying mechanisms associated with UA therapy for SCI. An additional purpose of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for further experimental studies on UA's potential in SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Mao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - HaoPeng Luan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - ShuTao Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - WeiBin Sheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
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Ageing related thyroid deficiency increases brain-targeted transport of liver-derived ApoE4-laden exosomes leading to cognitive impairment. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:406. [PMID: 35468877 PMCID: PMC9039072 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the prevalent cause of dementia in the ageing world population. Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) allele is the key genetic risk factor for AD, although the mechanisms linking ApoE4 with neurocognitive impairments and aberrant metabolism remains to be fully characterised. We discovered a significant increase in the ApoE4 content of serum exosomes in old healthy subjects and AD patients carrying ApoE4 allele as compared with healthy adults. Elevated exosomal ApoE4 demonstrated significant inverse correlation with serum level of thyroid hormones and cognitive function. We analysed effects of ApoE4-containing peripheral exosomes on neural cells and neurological outputs in aged or thyroidectomised young mice. Ageing-associated hypothyroidism as well as acute thyroidectomy augmented transport of liver-derived ApoE4 reach exosomes into the brain, where ApoE4 activated nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome by increasing cholesterol level in neural cells. This, in turn, affected cognition, locomotion and mood. Our study reveals pathological potential of exosomes-mediated relocation of ApoE4 from the periphery to the brain, this process can represent potential therapeutic target.
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5
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The neuroprotective mechanism of lithium after ischaemic stroke. Commun Biol 2022; 5:105. [PMID: 35115638 PMCID: PMC8814028 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke causes degeneration and death of neurones leading to the loss of motor function and frequent occurrence of cognitive impairment and depression. Lithium (Li+), the archetypal mood stabiliser, is neuroprotective in animal models of stroke, albeit underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We discover that Li+ inhibits activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model in mice. This action of Li+ is mediated by two signalling pathways of AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin and AKT/FoxO3a/β-catenin which converge in suppressing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using immunocytochemstry, MRI imaging, and cell sorting with subsequent mRNA and protein quantification, we demonstrate that Li+ decreases the infarct volume, improves motor function, and alleviates associated cognitive and depressive impairments. In conclusion, this study reveals molecular mechanisms of Li+ neuroprotection during brain ischaemia, thus providing the theoretical background to extend clinical applications of Li+ for treatment of ischemic stroke.
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6
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Vanacker C, Defazio RA, Sykes CM, Moenter SM. A role for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing cells in the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) but not arcuate kisspeptin neuron output in male mice. eLife 2021; 10:68205. [PMID: 34292152 PMCID: PMC8337074 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
GnRH neurons are the final central neural output regulating fertility. Kisspeptin neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (KNDy neurons) are considered the main regulator of GnRH output. GnRH and KNDy neurons are surrounded by astrocytes, which can modulate neuronal activity and communicate over distances. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), synthesized primarily by astrocytes, increases GnRH neuron activity and downstream pituitary release of luteinizing hormone (LH). We hypothesized that glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing astrocytes play a role in regulating GnRH and/or KNDy neuron activity and LH release. We used adeno-associated viruses to target designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) to GFAP-expressing cells to activate Gq- or Gi-mediated signaling. Activating Gq signaling in the preoptic area, near GnRH neurons, but not in the arcuate, increases LH release in vivo and GnRH firing in vitro via a mechanism in part dependent upon PGE2. These data suggest that astrocytes can activate GnRH/LH release in a manner independent of KNDy neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Vanacker
- Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - R Anthony Defazio
- Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Charlene M Sykes
- Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Suzanne M Moenter
- Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States.,Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States.,Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States.,Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
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7
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The Association Between Antidepressant Effect of SSRIs and Astrocytes: Conceptual Overview and Meta-analysis of the Literature. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2731-2745. [PMID: 33527219 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorders (MDD) a worldwide psychiatric disease, is yet to be adequately controlled by therapies; while the mechanisms of action of antidepressants are yet to be fully characterised. In the last two decades, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the role of astrocytes in the pathophysiology and therapy of MDD. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most widely used antidepressants. It is generally acknowledged that SSRIs increase serotonin levels in the central nervous system by inhibiting serotonin transporters, although the SSRIs action is not ideal. The SSRIs antidepressant effect develops with considerable delay; their efficacy is low and frequent relapses are common. Neither cellular nor molecular pharmacological mechanisms of SSRIs are fully characterised; in particular their action on astrocytes remain underappreciated. In this paper we overview potential therapeutic mechanisms of SSRIs associated with astroglia and report the results of meta-analysis of studies dedicated to MDD, SSRIs and astrocytes. In particular, we argue that fluoxetine, the representative SSRI, improves depressive-like behaviours in animals treated with chronic mild stress and reverses depression-associated decrease in astrocytic glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. In addition, fluoxetine upregulates astrocytic mRNA expression of 5-hydroxytriptamin/serotonin2B receptors (5-HT2BR). In summary, we infer that SSRIs exert their anti-depressant effect by regulating several molecular and signalling pathways in astrocytes.
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Ferrer B, Prince LM, Tinkov AA, Santamaria A, Farina M, Rocha JB, Bowman AB, Aschner M. Chronic exposure to methylmercury enhances the anorexigenic effects of leptin in C57BL/6J male mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 147:111924. [PMID: 33338554 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that heavy metals disrupt energy homeostasis. Leptin inhibits food intake and decreases body weight through activation of its receptor in the hypothalamus. The impact of heavy metals on leptin signaling in the hypothalamus is unclear. Here, we show that the environmental pollutant, methylmercury (MeHg), favors an anorexigenic profile in wild-type males. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to MeHg via drinking water (5 ppm) up to 30 days. Our data shows that MeHg exposure was associated with changes in leptin induced activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in the hypothalamus. In males, the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was sustained by an increase in SOCS3 protein levels. In females, MeHg-activated STAT3 was inhibited by a concomitant increase in PTP1B. Taken together, our data suggest that MeHg enhanced leptin effects in males, favoring an anorexigenic profile in males, which notably, have been shown to be more sensitive to the neurological effects of this organometal than females. A better understanding of MeHg-induced molecular mechanism alterations in the hypothalamus advances the understanding of its neurotoxicity and provides molecular sites for novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ferrer
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Neuroscience, and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Lisa M Prince
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia.
| | - Abel Santamaria
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - João Batista Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Neuroscience, and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia.
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9
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Xia M, Li Z, Li S, Liang S, Li X, Chen B, Zhang M, Dong C, Verkhratsky A, Guan D, Li B. Sleep Deprivation Selectively Down-Regulates Astrocytic 5-HT 2B Receptors and Triggers Depressive-Like Behaviors via Stimulating P2X 7 Receptors in Mice. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:1259-1270. [PMID: 32506374 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic loss of sleep damages health and disturbs the quality of life. Long-lasting sleep deprivation (SD) as well as sleep abnormalities are substantial risk factors for major depressive disorder, although the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Here, we showed that chronic SD in mice promotes a gradual elevation of extracellular ATP, which activates astroglial P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs). Activated P2X7Rs, in turn, selectively down-regulated the expression of 5-HT2B receptors (5-HT2BRs) in astrocytes. Stimulation of P2X7Rs induced by SD selectively suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT and FoxO3a in astrocytes, but not in neurons. The over-expression of FoxO3a in astrocytes inhibited the expression of 5-HT2BRs. Down-regulation of 5-HT2BsRs instigated by SD suppressed the activation of STAT3 and relieved the inhibition of Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2. This latter cascade promoted the release of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E2. The depression-like behaviors induced by SD were alleviated in P2X7R-KO mice. Our study reveals the mechanism underlying chronic SD-induced depression-like behaviors and suggests 5-HT2BRs as a key target for exploring therapeutic strategies aimed at the depression evoked by sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosheng Xia
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zexiong Li
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Beina Chen
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Chengyi Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China. .,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M139PL, UK.
| | - Dawei Guan
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Baoman Li
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China. .,Department of Poison Analysis, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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10
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Li Z, Lu Y, Liang S, Li S, Chen B, Zhang M, Xia M, Guan D, Verkhratsky A, Li B. Fluoxetine improves behavioural deficits induced by chronic alcohol treatment by alleviating RNA editing of 5-HT 2C receptors. Neurochem Int 2020; 134:104689. [PMID: 31968217 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The alcoholism and major depressive disorder are common comorbidity, with alcohol-induced depressive symptoms being eased by selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), although the mechanisms underlying pathology and therapy are poorly understood. Chronic alcohol consumption affects the activity of serotonin 2C receptors (5-HT2CR) by regulating adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) in neurons. Astrogliopathic changes contribute to alcohol addiction, while decreased release of ATP from astrocytes can trigger depressive-like behaviours in mice. In this study, we discovered that chronic alcohol treatment increased editing of RNA of 5-HT2CR via up-regulating the expression of ADAR2, consequently reducing the release of ATP from astrocytes induced by 5-HT2CR agonist, MK212. Moreover, SSRI antidepressant fluoxetine decreased the expression of ADAR2 through the transactivation of EGFR/PI3K/AKT/cFos signalling pathway. The increased release of astroglial ATP by MK212 which was suppressed by chronic alcohol consumption, and reduction in ADAR2 activity eliminated the RNA editing of 5-HT2CR increased by alcohol in vitro and recovered the release of ATP from astrocytes induced by MK212. Meanwhile, fluoxetine improved the behavioural and motor symptoms induced by alcohol addiction and decreased the alcohol intake. Our study suggests that the astrocytic 5-HT2CR contribute to alcohol addiction; fluoxetine thus can be used to alleviate depression, treat alcohol addiction and improve motor coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiong Li
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry in Congenital Malformation, The Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Shuai Li
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Beina Chen
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Maosheng Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Dawei Guan
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Baoman Li
- Practical Teaching Centre, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
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11
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Ren J, Li X, Sun G, Li S, Liang S, Li Z, Li B, Xia M. Protective effect of leptin-mediated caveolin-1 expression on neurons after spinal cord injury. Cell Calcium 2018; 76:122-128. [PMID: 30469142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes long-term disability and has no effective clinical treatment. After SCI, extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) leads to an influx of extracellular Ca2+, and this Ca2+ overload causes neuronal toxicosis and apoptosis. The biological functions of leptin have been widely investigated in the central nervous system. In this study, we discovered that the administration of leptin could improve locomotor recovery following SCI. The aim of this study was to determine the neuroprotective mechanism of leptin in vivo and in vitro. The neuronal apoptosis and Ca2+ imaging signal induced by ATP were suppressed by leptin, due to elevated caveolin-1 expression. In vivo two-photon observations revealed that leptin reduced the neuronal Ca2+ imaging signal in the exposed spinal cords of live Thy1-YFP mice. In conclusion, leptin promotes locomotor functional recovery and suppresses neuronal impairment after SCI, suggesting that leptin has a promising clinical therapeutic value for treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaan Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfeng Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zexiong Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoman Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Maosheng Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Li B, Ren J, Yang L, Li X, Sun G, Xia M. Lithium Inhibits GSK3β Activity via Two Different Signaling Pathways in Neurons After Spinal Cord Injury. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:848-856. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Li X, Liang S, Li Z, Li S, Xia M, Verkhratsky A, Li B. Leptin Increases Expression of 5-HT 2B Receptors in Astrocytes Thus Enhancing Action of Fluoxetine on the Depressive Behavior Induced by Sleep Deprivation. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:734. [PMID: 30666218 PMCID: PMC6330762 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-lasting loss of sleep is a generally acknowledged risk factor for the occurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD), whereas sleep abnormalities being a key clinic symptom of the MDD. In our previous work, we demonstrated that the sleep deprivation (SD) stimulates activation of nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes as well as the release of IL-1β and IL-18 from astrocytes. However, the underlying mechanism connecting SD and MDD still requires further study. Apart of the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, SD affects production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) while release of BDNF from astrocytes appears a key contributor to mood disorders. If and how the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome following SD affects the level of BDNF remains unknown. Antidepressant fluoxetine acts through astroglial 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5-HT2B); these receptors are also related to the sleep-wake cycle. Contribution of leptin to MDD has been discovered recently, although the mechanistic links between leptin and the depressive-like behaviors has not been revealed. In this study, we discovered: (i) that activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was involved in the depressive-like behaviors induced by SD; (ii) decrease in BDNF following SD required the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes; (iii) leptin augmented the anti-depressive action of fluoxetine through an increase in expression of astrocytic 5-HT2B receptors. We suggest that decrease in BDNF by the activated NLRP3 inflammasomes in astrocytes is the key pathological event of the depressive-like behaviors induced by SD, while the combined treatment with fluoxetine and leptin improves therapeutic outcome for the depression induced by SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zexiong Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Maosheng Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Life Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Baoman Li
- Laboratory Teaching Center, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Xia M, Li X, Yang L, Ren J, Sun G, Qi S, Verkhratsky A, Li B. The ameliorative effect of fluoxetine on neuroinflammation induced by sleep deprivation. J Neurochem 2017; 146:63-75. [PMID: 29222907 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that sleep disorders are harmful to people's health and performance, and growing evidence suggests that sleep deprivation (SD) can trigger neuroinflammation in the brain. The nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is reported to be relevant to the neuroinflammation induced by SD, but the regulatory signaling that governs the NLRP3 inflammasome in SD is still unknown. Meanwhile, whether the regulatory action of antidepressants in astrocytes could affect the neuroinflammation induced by SD also remains obscure. In this study, we were the first to discover that the antidepressant fluoxetine, a type of specific serotonin reuptake inhibitor widely used in clinical practice, could suppress the neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis induced by SD. The main findings from this study are as follows: (i) SD stimulated the expression of activated NLRP3 inflammasomes and the maturation of IL-1β/18 via suppressing the phosphorylation of STAT3 in astrocytes; (ii) SD decreased the activation of AKT and stimulated the phosphorylation of GSK-3β, which inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3; (iii) the NLRP3 inflammasome expression stimulated by SD was partly mediated by the P2X7 receptor; (iv) an agonist of STAT3 could significantly abolish the expression of NLRP3 inflammasomes induced by an agonist of the P2X7 receptor in primary cultured astrocytes; (v) the administration of fluoxetine could reverse the stimulation of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and function by SD through elevating the activation of STAT3. In conclusion, our present research suggests the promising possibility that fluoxetine could ameliorate the neuronal impairment induced by SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosheng Xia
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaan Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangfeng Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Baoman Li
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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15
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Kushwaha R, Mishra J, Tripathi S, Raza W, Mandrah K, Roy SK, Bandyopadhyay S. Arsenic Attenuates Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor/EGFR Signaling That Promotes Matrix Metalloprotease 9-Dependent Astrocyte Damage in the Developing Rat Brain. Toxicol Sci 2017; 162:406-428. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kushwaha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
- Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Sachin Tripathi
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University (Lucknow Campus), Lucknow, India
| | - Waseem Raza
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Kapil Mandrah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory and Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-IITR, Lucknow, India
| | - Somendu Kumar Roy
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory and Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-IITR, Lucknow, India
| | - Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow 226001, India
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16
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Xia M, Yang L, Sun G, Qi S, Li B. Mechanism of depression as a risk factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease: the function of AQP4 and the glymphatic system. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:365-379. [PMID: 27837334 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have indicated that a history of depression increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the potential pathogenestic mechanism by which depression functions as a high risk factor for AD remains unknown. Recently, a "cerebral lymphatic system" referred to as "glymphatic system" has been demonstrated to be responsible for neuronal extracellular waste protein clearance via a paravascular pathway. However, the function of glymphatic pathway has not been determined in depressive disorders. METHODS The present study used an animal model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) to determine the function of glymphatic pathway by using fluorescence tracers. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the accumulation of endogenous mouse and exogenous human amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) in CUMS-treated mice with or without treatment with antidepressant fluoxetine. FINDINGS Glymphatic pathway circulation was impaired in mice treated with CUMS; moreover, glymphatic pathway dysfunction suppressed Aβ42 metabolism, because the accumulation of endogenous and exogenous Aβ42 was increased in the brains of the CUMS-treated mice. However, treatment with fluoxetine reversed these destructive effects of CUMS on glymphatic system. In anhedonic mice, the expression of the water channel aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a factor in glymphatic pathway dysfunction, was down-regulated in cortex and hippocampus. CONCLUSION The dysfunction of glymphatic system suggested why a history of depression may be a strong risk factor for AD in anhedonic mice. We hope our study will contribute to an understanding of the risk mechanism of depressive disorder in the development of AD and the mechanisms of antidepressant therapies in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosheng Xia
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, No. 77, Puhe Street, Shenbei District, Shenyang, 110177, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, No. 77, Puhe Street, Shenbei District, Shenyang, 110177, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfeng Sun
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, No. 77, Puhe Street, Shenbei District, Shenyang, 110177, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Qi
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, No. 77, Puhe Street, Shenbei District, Shenyang, 110177, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoman Li
- Laboratory of Brain Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development, China Medical University, Shenyang, No. 77, Puhe Street, Shenbei District, Shenyang, 110177, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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