1
|
Dunlap CA, Johnson ET, Burkett-Cadena M, Cadena J, Muturi EJ. Lysinibacillus pinottii sp. nov., a novel species with anti-mosquito and anti-mollusk activity. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2024; 117:100. [PMID: 39001997 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-01993-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
An isolate of a Gram-positive, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped, endospore forming bacterium was originally isolated from soil when screening and bioprospecting for plant beneficial microorganisms. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that this strain was closely related to Lysinibacillus fusiformis NRRL NRS-350T (99.7%) and Lysinibacillus sphaericus NRRL B-23268T (99.2%). In phenotypic characterization, the novel strain was found to grow between 10 and 45 °C and tolerate up to 8% (w/v) NaCl. Furthermore, the strain grew in media with pH 5 to 10 (optimal growth at pH 7.0). The predominant cellular fatty acids were observed to be iso-C15: 0 (52.3%), anteiso-C15: 0 (14.8%), C16:1ω7C alcohol (11.2%), and C16: 0 (9.5%). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained lysine-aspartic acid, the same as congeners. A draft genome was assembled and the DNA G+C content was determined to be 37.1% (mol content). A phylogenomic analysis on the core genome of the new strain and 5 closest type strains of Lysinibacillus revealed this strain formed a distinct monophyletic clade with the nearest neighbor being Lysinibacillus fusiformis. DNA-DNA relatedness studies using in silico DNA-DNA hybridizations (DDH) showed this species was below the species threshold of 70%. Based upon the consensus of phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses, we conclude that this strain represents a novel species within the genus Lysinibacillus, for which the name Lysinibacillus pinottii sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain PB211T (= NRRL B-65672T, = CCUG 77181T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Dunlap
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL, USA.
| | - Eric T Johnson
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Ephantus J Muturi
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kanbe H, Sano Y, Mise K, Kanie S, Ushijima N, Kawano K, Kihara M, Itoh H. Lysinibacillus piscis sp. nov. isolated from the gut of mottled spinefoot Siganus fuscescens. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:228. [PMID: 38643446 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
A novel Lysinibacillus strain, designated KH24T, was isolated from the gut of Siganus fuscescens, a herbivorous fish, which was captured off the coast of Okinawa, Japan. Strain KH24T is a rod-shaped, Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming, and motile bacterium that forms off-white colonies. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KH24T showed the highest similarity (97.4%) with Lysinibacillus pakistanensis JCM 18776T and L. irui IRB4-01T. Genomic similarities between strain KH24T and Lysinibacillus type strains, based on average nucleotide identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization (genome-to-genome distance calculation), and average amino acid identity were 70.4-77.7%, 17.1-24.4%, and 69.2-81.2%, respectively, which were lower than species delineation thresholds. Strain KH24T growth occurred at pH values of 5.5-8.5, temperatures of 20-40 °C, and NaCl concentrations of 0-4.0%, and optimally at pH 7.0, 30 °C, and 0%, respectively. Unlike related Lysinibacillus type strains, strain KH24T could assimilate D-glucose, D-fructose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, amygdalin, arbutin, esculin, ferric citrate, salicin, D-cellobiose, D-maltose, D-sucrose, and gentiobiose. Major fatty acids included iso-C15:0 (45.8%), anteiso-C15:0 (15.1%), iso-C17:0 (12.6%), and anteiso-C17:0 (10.9%). Menaquinone-7 was the predominant quinone, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine. Based on its genetic and phenotypic properties, strain KH24T represents a novel species of the genus Lysinibacillus, for which the name Lysinibacillus piscis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KH24T (= JCM 36611 T = KCTC 43676 T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiyu Kanbe
- Department of Marine Biology and Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, Minami-Ku, Sapporo, 005-8601, Japan
- Department of Genetics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Shizuoka, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
- Ecological Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Yuki Sano
- Department of Marine Biology and Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, Minami-Ku, Sapporo, 005-8601, Japan
- Research Center, JAPAN NUTRITION Co., Ltd., Nasu-shiobara, Tochigi, 325-0103, Japan
| | - Kazumori Mise
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Toyohira-Ku, Sapporo, 062-8517, Japan
| | - Shusei Kanie
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Toyohira-Ku, Sapporo, 062-8517, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ushijima
- Support Section for Education and Research, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawano
- Department of Marine Biology and Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, Minami-Ku, Sapporo, 005-8601, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Minoru Kihara
- Department of Marine Biology and Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, Minami-Ku, Sapporo, 005-8601, Japan
| | - Hideomi Itoh
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Toyohira-Ku, Sapporo, 062-8517, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ajuna HB, Lim HI, Moon JH, Won SJ, Choub V, Choi SI, Yun JY, Ahn YS. The Prospect of Hydrolytic Enzymes from Bacillus Species in the Biological Control of Pests and Diseases in Forest and Fruit Tree Production. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16889. [PMID: 38069212 PMCID: PMC10707167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant diseases and insect pest damage cause tremendous losses in forestry and fruit tree production. Even though chemical pesticides have been effective in the control of plant diseases and insect pests for several decades, they are increasingly becoming undesirable due to their toxic residues that affect human life, animals, and the environment, as well as the growing challenge of pesticide resistance. In this study, we review the potential of hydrolytic enzymes from Bacillus species such as chitinases, β-1,3-glucanases, proteases, lipases, amylases, and cellulases in the biological control of phytopathogens and insect pests, which could be a more sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides. This study highlights the application potential of the hydrolytic enzymes from different Bacillus sp. as effective biocontrol alternatives against phytopathogens/insect pests through the degradation of cell wall/insect cuticles, which are mainly composed of structural polysaccharides like chitins, β-glucans, glycoproteins, and lipids. This study demonstrates the prospects for applying hydrolytic enzymes from Bacillus sp. as effective biopesticides in forest and fruit tree production, their mode of biocidal activity and dual antimicrobial/insecticidal potential, which indicates a great prospect for the simultaneous biocontrol of pests/diseases. Further research should focus on optimizing the production of hydrolytic enzymes, and the antimicrobial/insecticidal synergism of different Bacillus sp. which could facilitate the simultaneous biocontrol of pests and diseases in forest and fruit tree production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry B. Ajuna
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (H.B.A.); (J.-H.M.); (S.-J.W.); (V.C.); (S.-I.C.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Hyo-In Lim
- Forest Bioinformation Division, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Hyun Moon
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (H.B.A.); (J.-H.M.); (S.-J.W.); (V.C.); (S.-I.C.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Sang-Jae Won
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (H.B.A.); (J.-H.M.); (S.-J.W.); (V.C.); (S.-I.C.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Vantha Choub
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (H.B.A.); (J.-H.M.); (S.-J.W.); (V.C.); (S.-I.C.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Su-In Choi
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (H.B.A.); (J.-H.M.); (S.-J.W.); (V.C.); (S.-I.C.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Ju-Yeol Yun
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (H.B.A.); (J.-H.M.); (S.-J.W.); (V.C.); (S.-I.C.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Young Sang Ahn
- Department of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (H.B.A.); (J.-H.M.); (S.-J.W.); (V.C.); (S.-I.C.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
El-Sayed SE, Abdelaziz NA, Ali AA, Alshahrani MY, Aboshanab KM, El-Housseiny GS. Identification, Characterization, and Production Optimization of 6-Methoxy-1H-Indole-2-Carboxylic Acid Antifungal Metabolite Produced by Bacillus toyonensis Isolate OQ071612. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2835. [PMID: 38137979 PMCID: PMC10745709 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections currently pose a real threat to human lives. In the current study, soil bacterial isolates were screened for the production of antifungal compounds to combat human fungal pathogens. Notably, the bacterial F1 isolate exhibited antimycotic action towards the Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus niger clinical isolates. By employing phenotypic and molecular techniques, we identified the F1 isolate as the Bacillus toyonensis isolate OQ071612. The purified extract showed stability within a pH range of 6-7 and at temperatures of up to 50 °C. It demonstrated potential antifungal activity in the presence of various surfactants, detergents, and enzymes. The purified extract was identified as 6-methoxy-1H-Indole-2-carboxylic acid using advanced spectroscopic techniques. To optimize the antifungal metabolite production, we utilized response surface methodology (RSM) with a face-centered central composite design, considering nutritional and environmental variables. The optimal conditions were as follows: starch (5 g/L), peptone (5 g/L), agitation rate of 150 rpm, pH 6, and 40 °C temperature. A confirmatory experiment validated the accuracy of the optimization process, resulting in an approximately 3.49-fold increase in production. This is the first documented report on the production and characterization of 6-methoxy-1H-Indole-2-carboxylic acid (MICA) antifungal metabolite from Bacillus toyonensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayed E. El-Sayed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12566, Egypt; (S.E.E.-S.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Neveen A. Abdelaziz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12566, Egypt; (S.E.E.-S.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Amer Al Ali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Y. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled M. Aboshanab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Ghadir S. El-Housseiny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pantoja-Guerra M, Burkett-Cadena M, Cadena J, Dunlap CA, Ramírez CA. Lysinibacillus spp.: an IAA-producing endospore forming-bacteria that promotes plant growth. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2023:10.1007/s10482-023-01828-x. [PMID: 37138159 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01828-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysinibacillus is a bacterial genus that has generated recent interest for its biotechnological potential in agriculture. Strains belonging to this group are recognized for their mosquitocidal and bioremediation activity. However, in recent years some reports indicate its importance as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This research sought to provide evidence of the PGP activity of Lysinibacillus spp. and the role of the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production associated with this activity. Twelve Lysinibacillus spp. strains were evaluated under greenhouse conditions, six of which increased the biomass and root architecture of corn plants. In most cases, growth stimulation was evident at 108 CFU/mL inoculum concentration. All strains produced IAA with high variation between them (20-70 µg/mL). The bioinformatic identification of predicted genes associated with IAA production allowed the detection of the indole pyruvic acid pathway to synthesize IAA in all strains; additionally, genes for a tryptamine pathway were detected in two strains. Extracellular filtrates from all strain's cultures increased the corn coleoptile length in an IAA-similar concentration pattern, which demonstrates the filtrates had an auxin-like effect on plant tissue. Five of the six strains that previously showed PGPR activity in corn also promoted the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana (col 0). These strains induced changes in root architecture of Arabidopsis mutant plants (aux1-7/axr4-2), the partial reversion of mutant phenotype indicated the role of IAA on plant growth. This work provided solid evidence of the association of Lysinibacillus spp. IAA production with their PGP activity, which constitutes a new approach for this genus. These elements contribute to the biotechnological exploration of this bacterial genus for agricultural biotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pantoja-Guerra
- Universidad de Antioquia, Instituto de Biología, Medellín, Colombia.
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Unilasallista Corporación Universitaria, Caldas - Antioquia, Colombia.
| | | | | | - Christopher A Dunlap
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, 1815 N University, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Camilo A Ramírez
- Universidad de Antioquia, Instituto de Biología, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Loulou A, Mastore M, Caramella S, Bhat AH, Brivio MF, Machado RAR, Kallel S. Entomopathogenic potential of bacteria associated with soil-borne nematodes and insect immune responses to their infection. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280675. [PMID: 36689436 PMCID: PMC10045567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil-borne nematodes establish close associations with several bacterial species. Whether they confer benefits to their hosts has been investigated in only a few nematode-bacteria systems. Their ecological function, therefore, remains poorly understood. In this study, we isolated several bacterial species from rhabditid nematodes, molecularly identified them, evaluated their entomopathogenic potential on Galleria mellonella larvae, and measured immune responses of G. mellonella larvae to their infection. Bacteria were isolated from Acrobeloides sp., A. bodenheimeri, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Oscheius tipulae, and Pristionchus maupasi nematodes. They were identified as Acinetobacter sp., Alcaligenes sp., Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter sp., Kaistia sp., Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Morganella morganii subsp. morganii, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. quasipneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All bacterial strains were found to be highly entomopathogenic as they killed at least 53.33% G. mellonella larvae within 72h post-infection, at a dose of 106 CFU/larvae. Among them, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Enterobacter sp., Acinetobacter sp., and K. quasipneumoniae subsp. quasipneumoniae were the most entomopathogenic bacteria. Insects strongly responded to bacterial infection. However, their responses were apparently little effective to counteract bacterial infection. Our study, therefore, shows that bacteria associated with soil-borne nematodes have entomopathogenic capacities. From an applied perspective, our study motivates more research to determine the potential of these bacterial strains as biocontrol agents in environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameni Loulou
- Department of Plant Health and Environment, Laboratory of Bio-Aggressor and Integrated Protection in Agriculture, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maristella Mastore
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Laboratory of Comparative Immunology and Parasitology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Sara Caramella
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Laboratory of Comparative Immunology and Parasitology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Aashaq Hussain Bhat
- Faculty of Sciences, Experimental Biology Research Group, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Francesco Brivio
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Laboratory of Comparative Immunology and Parasitology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Ricardo A. R. Machado
- Faculty of Sciences, Experimental Biology Research Group, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Sadreddine Kallel
- Department of Plant Health and Environment, Laboratory of Bio-Aggressor and Integrated Protection in Agriculture, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jamal QMS, Ahmad V. Lysinibacilli: A Biological Factories Intended for Bio-Insecticidal, Bio-Control, and Bioremediation Activities. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8121288. [PMID: 36547621 PMCID: PMC9783698 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes are ubiquitous in the biosphere, and their therapeutic and ecological potential is not much more explored and still needs to be explored more. The bacilli are a heterogeneous group of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Lysinibacillus are dominantly found as motile, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacilli belonging to phylum Firmicutes and the family Bacillaceae. Lysinibacillus species initially came into light due to their insecticidal and larvicidal properties. Bacillus thuringiensis, a well-known insecticidal Lysinibacillus, can control many insect vectors, including a malarial vector and another, a Plasmodium vector that transmits infectious microbes in humans. Now its potential in the environment as a piece of green machinery for remediation of heavy metal is used. Moreover, some species of Lysinibacillus have antimicrobial potential due to the bacteriocin, peptide antibiotics, and other therapeutic molecules. Thus, this review will explore the biological disease control abilities, food preservative, therapeutic, plant growth-promoting, bioremediation, and entomopathogenic potentials of the genus Lysinibacillus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Varish Ahmad
- Health Information Technology Department, The Applied College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khan AR, Mustafa A, Hyder S, Valipour M, Rizvi ZF, Gondal AS, Yousuf Z, Iqbal R, Daraz U. Bacillus spp. as Bioagents: Uses and Application for Sustainable Agriculture. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121763. [PMID: 36552272 PMCID: PMC9775066 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Food security will be a substantial issue in the near future due to the expeditiously growing global population. The current trend in the agriculture industry entails the extravagant use of synthesized pesticides and fertilizers, making sustainability a difficult challenge. Land degradation, lower production, and vulnerability to both abiotic and biotic stresses are problems caused by the usage of these pesticides and fertilizers. The major goal of sustainable agriculture is to ameliorate productivity and reduce pests and disease prevalence to such a degree that prevents large-scale damage to crops. Agriculture is a composite interrelation among plants, microbes, and soil. Plant microbes play a major role in growth promotion and improve soil fertility as well. Bacillus spp. produces an extensive range of bio-chemicals that assist in plant disease control, promote plant development, and make them suitable for agricultural uses. Bacillus spp. support plant growth by N fixation, P and K solubilization, and phytohormone synthesis, in addition to being the most propitious biocontrol agent. Moreover, Bacilli excrete extracellular metabolites, including antibiotics, lytic enzymes, and siderophores, and demonstrate antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. Bacillus spp. boosts plant resistance toward pathogens by inducing systemic resistance (ISR). The most effective microbial insecticide against insects and pests in agriculture is Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Additionally, the incorporation of toxin genes in genetically modified crops increases resistance to insects and pests. There is a constant increase in the identified Bacillus species as potential biocontrol agents. Moreover, they have been involved in the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles. The main objective of this review article is to display the uses and application of Bacillus specie as a promising biopesticide in sustainable agriculture. Bacillus spp. strains that are antagonistic and promote plant yield attributes could be valuable in developing novel formulations to lead the way toward sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimen Razzaq Khan
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Adeena Mustafa
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Mohammad Valipour
- Department of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO 80217, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Zarrin Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Shahzad Gondal
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Zubaida Yousuf
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Umar Daraz
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fitriana Y, Tampubolon DAT, Suharjo R, Lestari P, Swibawa IG. Lysinabacillus fusiformis and Paenibacillus alvei Obtained from the Internal of Nasutitermes Termites Revealed Their Ability as Antagonist of Plant Pathogenic Fungi. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:449-460. [PMID: 36221917 PMCID: PMC9561155 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2022.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to reveal phenotypic characters and identity of symbiont bacteria of Nasutitermes as well as investigate their potential as antagonist of plant pathogenic fungi. Isolation of the symbiont bacteria was carried out from inside the heads and the bodies of soldier and worker termite which were collected from 3 locations of nests. Identification was performed using phenotypic test and sequence of 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA). Antagonistic capability was investigated in the laboratory against 3 phytopathogenic fungi i.e., Phytophthora capsici, Ganoderma boninense, and Rigidoporus microporus. Totally, 39 bacterial isolates were obtained from inside the heads and the bodies of Nasutitermes. All the isolates showed capability to inhibit growth of P. capsici, however, 34 isolates showed capability to inhibit growth of G. boninense and 32 isolates showed capability to inhibit growth of R. microporus. Two bacterial strains (IK3.1P and 1B1.2P) which showed the highest percentage of inhibition were further identified based on their sequence of 16S rDNA. The result showed that 1K3.1P strain was placed in the group of type strain and reference strains of Lysinibacillus fusiformis meanwhile 1B1.2P strain was grouped within type strain and reference strains Paenibacillus alvei. The result of this study supply valuable information on the role of symbiont bacteria of Nasutitermes, which may support the development of the control method of the three above-mentioned phytopathogenic fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyun Fitriana
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Prof. Sumantri Brojonegoro I, Bandar Lampung 35145,
Indonesia
| | - Desi Apriani Teresa Tampubolon
- Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Prof. Sumantri Brojonegoro I, Bandar Lampung 35145,
Indonesia
| | - Radix Suharjo
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Prof. Sumantri Brojonegoro I, Bandar Lampung 35145,
Indonesia
| | - Puji Lestari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Prof. Sumantri Brojonegoro I, Bandar Lampung 35145,
Indonesia
| | - I Gede Swibawa
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Prof. Sumantri Brojonegoro I, Bandar Lampung 35145,
Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Antifungal Compounds of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacillus Species. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04805-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
11
|
El-Sayed SE, Abdelaziz NA, Osman HEH, El-Housseiny GS, Aleissawy AE, Aboshanab KM. Lysinibacillus Isolate MK212927: A Natural Producer of Allylamine Antifungal ‘Terbinafine’. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010201. [PMID: 35011429 PMCID: PMC8746802 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to antifungal agents represents a major clinical challenge, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we screened soil bacterial isolates for the capability of producing metabolites with antifungal activities via the cross-streak and agar cup-plate methods. One isolate, coded S6, showed observable antifungal activity against Candida (C.) albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus (A.) niger clinical isolate. This strain was identified using a combined approach of phenotypic and molecular techniques as Lysinibacillus sp. MK212927. The purified metabolite displayed fungicidal activity, reserved its activity in a relatively wide range of temperatures (up to 60 °C) and pH values (6–7.8) and was stable in the presence of various enzymes and detergents. As compared to fluconazole, miconazole and Lamisil, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the metabolite that showed 90% inhibition of the growth (MIC90) was equivalent to that of Lamisil, half of miconazole and one fourth of fluconazole. Using different spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, UV spectroscopy, 1D NMR and 2D NMR techniques, the purified metabolite was identified as terbinafine, an allylamine antifungal agent. It is deemed necessary to note that this is the first report of terbinafine production by Lysinibacillus sp. MK212927, a fast-growing microbial source, with relatively high yield and that is subject to potential optimization for industrial production capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayed E. El-Sayed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU), Sixth of October City 12451, Egypt; (S.E.E.-S.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Neveen A. Abdelaziz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU), Sixth of October City 12451, Egypt; (S.E.E.-S.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Hosam-Eldin Hussein Osman
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ghadir S. El-Housseiny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity St., Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed E. Aleissawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity St., Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Khaled M. Aboshanab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity St., Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-100-758-2620
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Singh RK, Singh P, Guo DJ, Sharma A, Li DP, Li X, Verma KK, Malviya MK, Song XP, Lakshmanan P, Yang LT, Li YR. Root-Derived Endophytic Diazotrophic Bacteria Pantoea cypripedii AF1 and Kosakonia arachidis EF1 Promote Nitrogen Assimilation and Growth in Sugarcane. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:774707. [PMID: 34975800 PMCID: PMC8714890 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.774707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive, long-term application of chemical fertilizers in sugarcane crops disrupts soil microbial flora and causes environmental pollution and yield decline. The role of endophytic bacteria in improving crop production is now well-documented. In this study, we have isolated and identified several endophytic bacterial strains from the root tissues of five sugarcane species. Among them, eleven Gram-negative isolates were selected and screened for plant growth-promoting characteristics, i.e., production of siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and hydrolytic enzymes, phosphorus solubilization, antifungal activity against plant pathogens, nitrogen-fixation, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity, and improving tolerance to different abiotic stresses. These isolates had nifH (11 isolates), acdS (8 isolates), and HCN (11 isolates) genes involved in N-fixation, stress tolerance, and pathogen biocontrol, respectively. Two isolates Pantoea cypripedii AF1and Kosakonia arachidis EF1 were the most potent strains and they colonized and grew in sugarcane plants. Both strains readily colonized the leading Chinese sugarcane variety GT42 and significantly increased the activity of nitrogen assimilation enzymes (glutamine synthetase, NADH glutamate dehydrogenase, and nitrate reductase), chitinase, and endo-glucanase and the content of phytohormones gibberellic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and abscisic acid. The gene expression analysis of GT42 inoculated with isolates of P. cypripedii AF1 or K. arachidis EF1 showed increased activity of nifH and nitrogen assimilation genes. Also, the inoculated diazotrophs significantly increased plant nitrogen content, which was corroborated by the 15N isotope dilution analysis. Collectively, these findings suggest that P. cypripedii and K. arachidis are beneficial endophytes that could be used as a biofertilizer to improve plant nitrogen nutrition and growth of sugarcane. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of sugarcane growth enhancement and nitrogen fixation by Gram-negative sugarcane root-associated endophytic bacteria P. cypripedii and K. arachidis. These strains have the potential to be utilized as sugarcane biofertilizers, thus reducing nitrogen fertilizer use and improving disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Pratiksha Singh
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Dao-Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bio Resources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Anjney Sharma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Dong-Ping Li
- Microbiology Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Krishan K. Verma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Malviya
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Xiu-Peng Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
| | - Prakash Lakshmanan
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
- Interdisciplinary Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Li-Tao Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bio Resources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yang-Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bio Resources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ercole TG, Savi DC, Adamoski D, Kava VM, Hungria M, Galli-Terasawa LV. Diversity of maize (Zea mays L.) rhizobacteria with potential to promote plant growth. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1807-1823. [PMID: 34458975 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-limiting factors, such as low nutrient availability and weak pathogen resistance, may hinder the production of several crops. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) used in agriculture, which stimulate plant growth and development, can serve as a potential tool to mitigate or even circumvent these limitations. The present study evaluated the feasibility of using bacteria isolated from the maize rhizosphere as PGPB for the cultivation of this crop. A total of 282 isolates were collected and clustered into 57 groups based on their genetic similarity using BOX-PCR. A representative isolate from each group was selected and identified at the genus level with 16S rRNA sequencing. The identified genera included Bacillus (61.5% of the isolates), Lysinibacillus (30.52%), Pseudomonas (3.15%), Stenotrophomonas (2.91%), Paenibacillus (1.22%), Enterobacter (0.25%), Rhizobium (0.25%), and Atlantibacter (0.25%). Eleven isolates with the highest performance were selected for analyzing the possible pathways underlying plant growth promotion using biochemical and molecular techniques. Of the selected isolates, 90.9% were positive for indolepyruvate/phenylpyruvate decarboxylase, 54.4% for pyrroloquinoline quinine synthase, 36.4% for nitrogenase reductase, and 27.3% for nitrite reductase. Based on biochemical characterization, 9.1% isolates could fix nitrogen, 36.6% could solubilize phosphate, 54.5% could produce siderophores, and 90.9% could produce indole acetic acid. Enzymatic profiling revealed that the isolates could degrade starch (90.1%), cellulose (72.7%), pectin (81.8%), protein (90.9%), chitin (18.2%), urea (54.5%), and esters (45.4%). Based on the data obtained, we identified three Bacillus spp. (LGMB12, LGMB273, and LGMB426), one Stenotrophomonas sp. (LGMB417), and one Pseudomonas sp. (LGMB456) with the potential to serve as PGPB for maize. Further research is warranted to evaluate the biotechnological potential of these isolates as biofertilizers under field conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tairine G Ercole
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 210. CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Daiani C Savi
- Department of Biomedicine, Centro Universitário Católica de Santa Catarina, R. Visconde de Taunay, 427. CEP, Joinville, SC, 89203-005, Brazil
| | - Douglas Adamoski
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 210. CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Kava
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 210. CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil
| | | | - Lygia V Galli-Terasawa
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 210. CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-970, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Octadecyl 3-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate, an antifungal metabolite of Alcaligenes faecalis strain MT332429 optimized through response surface methodology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:10755-10768. [PMID: 33090249 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10962-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, a soil bacterial isolate F2 expressed a significant antagonistic activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus niger clinical isolate confirmed through cross streak, dual culture, and agar well diffusion methods. The isolate F2 was identified using phenotypic and molecular approaches as Alcaligenes (A.) faecalis MT332429. The identification and structural characterization of the antifungal compound was performed using advanced spectroscopic techniques including UV absorbance, 1H and 13C NMR and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) and was identified as octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate. Response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite design was employed to optimize the nutritional and cultural variables affecting the antifungal metabolite yield. The optimum conditions were found to be temperature 30 °C, agitation 150 rpm, glucose 1 g/l, peptone 2 g/l, and pH 8. A confirmatory experiment was performed to assess the accuracy of the optimization procedure, where an increase in the antifungal metabolite production by about 2.48-fold was obtained. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of octadecyl 3-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate recovered from the culture broth of A. faecalis MT332429 with a promising antifungal activity along with its optimized production through RSM. KEY POINTS: • A novel soil bacterial isolate, F2, identified as Alcaligenes faecalis MT332429, showed significant antagonistic activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus niger clinical isolate. • This stable fungicidal extracellular metabolite was identified as octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate. • Optimization using central composite design resulted in 2.48-fold increase in production reaching 213.82 μg/ml.
Collapse
|
15
|
El-Sayed SE, El-Housseiny GS, Abdelaziz NA, El-Ansary MR, Aboshanab KM. Optimized Production of the Allylamine Antifungal "Terbinafine" by Lysinibacillus Isolate MK212927 Using Response Surface Methodology. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:3613-3626. [PMID: 33116681 PMCID: PMC7571585 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s267590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to optimize the factors affecting the production of the allylamine antifungal, terbinafine, by Lysinibacillus isolate MK212927, a natural producer of this broad-spectrum fungicidal compound. Methods We employed a central composite design to optimize the five most important variables influencing the production of terbinafine which were carbon source, nitrogen source, temperature, pH and agitation. Results The optimum conditions were found to be starch 5 g/L, ammonium chloride 5 g/L, temperature 32°C, agitation 150 rpm and pH 7. The actual response (inhibition zone diameter) was highly comparable to the value predicted by the model, indicating a valid model. Using the standard calibration curve of terbinafine, the optimized conditions resulted in an increase in the antifungal metabolite production (terbinafine) by about 1.6-fold (1814.662 µg/mL compared to 1165.550 µg/mL under standardized conditions). Conclusion This is the first report, to the best of our knowledge, on optimized production of terbinafine by Lysinibacillus species. Hence, these findings may be useful as baseline data for scaling up the production of terbinafine from a natural microbial source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayed E El-Sayed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghadir S El-Housseiny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Neveen A Abdelaziz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona R El-Ansary
- Department of Biochemistry, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Aboshanab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Evaluation of plant growth promotion properties and induction of antioxidative defense mechanism by tea rhizobacteria of Darjeeling, India. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15536. [PMID: 32968101 PMCID: PMC7511344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72439-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 120 rhizobacteria were isolated from seven different tea estates of Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. Based on a functional screening of in vitro plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities, thirty potential rhizobacterial isolates were selected for in-planta evaluation of PGP activities in rice and maize crops. All the thirty rhizobacterial isolates were identified using partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Out of thirty rhizobacteria, sixteen (53.3%) isolates belong to genus Bacillus, five (16.6%) represent genus Staphylococcus, three (10%) represent genus Ochrobactrum, and one (3.3%) isolate each belongs to genera Pseudomonas, Lysinibacillus, Micrococcus, Leifsonia, Exiguobacterium, and Arthrobacter. Treatment of rice and maize seedlings with these thirty rhizobacterial isolates resulted in growth promotion. Besides, rhizobacterial treatment in rice triggered enzymatic [ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), chitinase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL)], and non-enzymatic [proline and polyphenolics] antioxidative defense reactions indicating their possible role in the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) burden and thereby priming of plants towards stress mitigation. To understand such a possibility, we tested the effect of rhizobacterial consortia on biotic stress tolerance of rice against necrotrophic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA. Our results indicated that the pretreatment with rhizobacterial consortia increased resistance of the rice plants towards the common foliar pathogen like R. solani AG1-IA. This study supports the idea of the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial consortia in sustainable crop practice through the management of biotic stress under field conditions.
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu K, Ding H, Yu Y, Chen B. A Cold-Adapted Chitinase-Producing Bacterium from Antarctica and Its Potential in Biocontrol of Plant Pathogenic Fungi. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17120695. [PMID: 31835449 PMCID: PMC6950295 DOI: 10.3390/md17120695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To obtain chitinase-producing microorganisms with high chitinolytic activity at low temperature, samples collected from Fildes Peninsula in Antarctica were used as sources for bioprospecting of chitinolytic microorganisms. A cold-adapted strain, designated as GWSMS-1, was isolated from marine sediment and further characterized as Pseudomonas. To improve the chitinase production, one-factor-at-a-time and orthogonal test approaches were adopted to optimize the medium components and culture conditions. The results showed that the highest chitinolytic activity (6.36 times higher than that before optimization) was obtained with 95.41 U L-1 with 15 g L-1 of glucose, 1 g L-1 of peptone, 15 g L-1 of colloid chitin and 0.25 g L-1 of magnesium ions contained in the medium, cultivated under pH 7.0 and a temperature of 20 °C. To better understand the application potential of this strain, the enzymatic properties and the antifungal activity of the crude chitinase secreted by the strain were further investigated. The crude enzyme showed the maximum catalytic activity at 35 °C and pH 4.5, and it also exhibited excellent low-temperature activity, which still displayed more than 50% of its maximal activity at 0 °C. Furthermore, the crude chitinase showed significant inhibition of fungi Verticillium dahlia CICC 2534 and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum CICC 2532, which can cause cotton wilt and cucumber blight, respectively, suggesting that strain GWSMS-1 could be a competitive candidate for biological control in agriculture, especially at low temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kezhen Liu
- College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China;
| | - Haitao Ding
- MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China;
- Correspondence: (H.D.); (B.C.); Tel.: +86-21-5871-8663 (H.D.); +86-21-5871-1026 (B.C.)
| | - Yong Yu
- MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China;
| | - Bo Chen
- MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China;
- Correspondence: (H.D.); (B.C.); Tel.: +86-21-5871-8663 (H.D.); +86-21-5871-1026 (B.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li Y, Guo Q, Wei X, Xue Q, Lai H. Biocontrol effects of Penicillium griseofulvum against monkshood (Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.) root diseases caused by Sclerotium rolfsiii and Fusarium spp. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1532-1545. [PMID: 31304623 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this study were to investigate the biocontrol effects of Penicillium griseofulvum strain CF3 and its mechanisms against soil-borne root pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii) of the medical plant Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of P. griseofulvum strain CF3 were evaluated with regard to the hyphal growth of S. rolfsii and F. oxysporum, the sclerotial formation and germination of S. rolfsii and its expression of sclerotia-formation-related genes. A field experiment was conducted to explore how strain CF3 controls the severity of soil-borne diseases, promotes the growth of A. carmichaelii plants and mediates shifts in the culturable rhizosphere microbial populations. The results showed that treatment with a cell-free culture filtrate of strain CF3 considerably inhibited the hyphal growth of both S. rolfsii and F. oxysporum, in addition to limiting the sclerotial formation and germination of S. rolfsii. Three genes related to sclerotial formation (ArsclR, ArnsdD1 and ArnsdD2) were predicted in S. rolfsii and their expression was found suppressed by the CF3 treatment. Field application of the CF3 biocontrol agent in a powder form (1·9 × 1010 conidia per gram of substrate) reduced soil-borne disease severity by 15·0%. The shoot and root growth of A. carmichaelii plants was promoted by 61·6 and 83·1% respectively, as the biocontrol strain massively colonized the rhizosphere soil. The CF3 treatment also markedly reduced the density of some known species harmful to plants while increasing the density of some beneficial species in the rhizosphere soil. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Genes related to sclerotia formation of S. rolfsii are predicted for the first time and their expression patterns in the presence of P. griseofulvum strain CF3 are evaluated. This comprehensive study provides a candidate fungal biocontrol strain and reveals its potential mechanisms against S. rolfsii and F. oxysporum in A. carmichaelii plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Q Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - X Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Q Xue
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - H Lai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Burkett-Cadena M, Sastoque L, Cadena J, Dunlap CA. Lysinibacillus capsici sp. nov, isolated from the rhizosphere of a pepper plant. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2019; 112:1161-1167. [PMID: 30820713 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-019-01248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A strain of a Gram-positive, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped, endospore forming bacterium was originally isolated from rhizospheric soil of a pepper plant when screening and bioprospecting for plant beneficial microorganisms. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that this strain, PB300T, is closely related to Lysinibacillus macroides DMS 54T (99.6%) and Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus DSM 23493T (99.4%). In phenotypic characterisation, the novel strain was found to grow between 15 and 40 °C and tolerate up to 10% (w/v) NaCl. Furthermore, the strain was found to grow in media with pH 5 to 10 (optimal growth at pH 7.0). The predominant cellular fatty acids were observed to be iso-C15 : 0 (56.6 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (14.6%), C16 :1ω7C alcohol (9.3%) and C16 : 0 (7.1%). The cell wall peptidoglycan contains lysine-aspartic acid, as in its close relatives. A draft genome was completed and the DNA G + C content was determined to be 37.5% (mol content). A phylogenomic analysis of the core genome of the new strain and 5 closely related type strains of the genus Lysinibacillus revealed that this strain formed a distinct monophyletic clade with the nearest neighbour being Lysinibacillus boronitolerans. DNA-DNA relatedness studies using in silico DNA-DNA hybridizations (DDH) showed relationships for the new strain were below the species threshold of 70%. Based upon the consensus of phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses, we conclude that this strain represents a novel species within the genus Lysinibacillus, for which the name Lysinibacillus capsici sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain PB300T (= NRRL B-65515T, = CCUG 72241T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christopher A Dunlap
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li HB, Singh RK, Singh P, Song QQ, Xing YX, Yang LT, Li YR. Genetic Diversity of Nitrogen-Fixing and Plant Growth Promoting Pseudomonas Species Isolated from Sugarcane Rhizosphere. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1268. [PMID: 28769881 PMCID: PMC5509769 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was designed to isolate and characterize Pseudomonas spp. from sugarcane rhizosphere, and to evaluate their plant- growth- promoting (PGP) traits and nitrogenase activity. A biological nitrogen-fixing microbe has great potential to replace chemical fertilizers and be used as a targeted biofertilizer in a plant. A total of 100 isolates from sugarcane rhizosphere, belonging to different species, were isolated; from these, 30 isolates were selected on the basis of preliminary screening, for in vitro antagonistic activities against sugarcane pathogens and for various PGP traits, as well as nitrogenase activity. The production of IAA varied from 312.07 to 13.12 μg mL-1 in tryptophan supplemented medium, with higher production in AN15 and lower in CN20 strain. The estimation of ACC deaminase activity, strains CY4 and BA2 produced maximum and minimum activity of 77.0 and 15.13 μmoL mg-1 h-1. For nitrogenase activity among the studied strains, CoA6 fixed higher and AY1 fixed lower in amounts (108.30 and 6.16 μmoL C2H2 h-1 mL-1). All the strains were identified on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the phylogenetic diversity of the strains was analyzed. The results identified all strains as being similar to Pseudomonas spp. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of nifH and antibiotic genes was suggestive that the amplified strains had the capability to fix nitrogen and possessed biocontrol activities. Genotypic comparisons of the strains were determined by BOX, ERIC, and REP PCR profile analysis. Out of all the screened isolates, CY4 (Pseudomonas koreensis) and CN11 (Pseudomonas entomophila) showed the most prominent PGP traits, as well as nitrogenase activity. Therefore, only these two strains were selected for further studies; Biolog profiling; colonization through green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged bacteria; and nifH gene expression using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. The Biolog phenotypic profiling, which comprised utilization of C and N sources, and tolerance to osmolytes and pH, revealed the metabolic versatility of the selected strains. The colonization ability of the selected strains was evaluated by genetically tagging them with a constitutively expressing GFP-pPROBE-pTetr-OT plasmid. qRT-PCR results showed that both strains had the ability to express the nifH gene at 90 and 120 days, as compared to a control, in both sugarcane varieties GT11 and GXB9. Therefore, our isolated strains, P. koreensis and P. entomophila may be used as inoculums or in biofertilizer production for enhancing growth and nutrients, as well as for improving nitrogen levels, in sugarcane and other crops. The present study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first report on the diversity of Pseudomonas spp. associated with sugarcane in Guangxi, China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bi Li
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi UniversityNanning, China
| | - Rajesh K Singh
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi UniversityNanning, China
| | - Pratiksha Singh
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi UniversityNanning, China
| | - Qi-Qi Song
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi UniversityNanning, China
| | - Yong-Xiu Xing
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi UniversityNanning, China
| | - Li-Tao Yang
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi UniversityNanning, China
| | - Yang-Rui Li
- Agricultural College, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi UniversityNanning, China.,Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement Guangxi, Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rishad KS, Rebello S, Shabanamol PS, Jisha MS. Biocontrol potential of Halotolerant bacterial chitinase from high yielding novel Bacillus Pumilus MCB-7 autochthonous to mangrove ecosystem. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 137:36-41. [PMID: 28364802 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The multifaceted role of chitinase in medicine, agriculture, environmental remediation and various other industries greatly demands the isolation of high yielding chitinase producing microorganisms with improved properties. The current study aimed to investigate the isolation, characterization and biocontrol prospective of chitinase producing bacterial strains autochthonous to the extreme conditions of mangrove ecosystems. Among the 51 bacterial isolates screened, Bacillus pumilus MCB-7 with highest chitinase production potential was identified and confirmed by 16S rDNA typing. Chitinase enzyme of MCB-7 was purified; the chitin degradation was evaluated by SEM and LC-MS. Unlike previously reported B.pumilus isolates, MCB-7 exhibited highest chitinase activity of 3.36U/mL, active even at high salt concentrations and temperature up to 60°C. The crude as well as purified enzyme showed significant antimycotic activity against agricultural pathogens such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Ceratorhiza hydrophila and Fusarium oxysporum. The enzyme also exhibited biopesticidal role against larvae of Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker). [Lep.: Pyralidae], a serious agricultural pest of rice. The high chitinolytic and antimycotic potential of MCB-7 increases the prospects of the isolate as an excellent biocontrol agent. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of high chitinase yielding Bacillus pumilus strain from mangrove ecosystem with a biocontrol role against phytopathogenic fungi and insect larval pests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K S Rishad
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | | | - P S Shabanamol
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - M S Jisha
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vigliotta G, Matrella S, Cicatelli A, Guarino F, Castiglione S. Effects of heavy metals and chelants on phytoremediation capacity and on rhizobacterial communities of maize. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 179:93-102. [PMID: 27219351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) are one of the major ecological problem related to human activities. Phytoremediation is a promising "green technology" for soil and water reclamation, and it can be improved by means of the use of chelants. In the past particular attention was paid on the effects of HMs and/or chelants on plant health, but much less on their effects on rhizosphere communities. To shed light on the interaction among plant-HM-chelant-rhizobacterial community a pot experiment was set up. Maize plants were grown on uncontaminated, multi-metal (copper and zinc) contaminated and chelants artificially amended soils. A high concentration of HMs was detected in the different maize organs; chelants improved the accumulation capacity of the maize plants. The rhizosphere bacterial community isolated from control plants showed the largest biodiversity in terms of bacterial genera. However, the addition of HMs reduced the number of taxa to three: Bacillus, Lysinibacillus and Pseudomonas. The effects of HM treatment were counteracted by the addition of chelants in terms of the genetic biodiversity. Furthermore, several bacterial strains particularly resistant to HMs and chelants were isolated and selected. Our study suggests that the combined use of resistant bacteria and chelants could improve the phytoremediation capacity of maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vigliotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Simona Matrella
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Angela Cicatelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Francesco Guarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Stefano Castiglione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang A, Gao C, Chen K, Wei C, Ouyang P. Enhanced chitinase production by Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 using staged pH control. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2016; 62:126-31. [PMID: 27246535 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The pH of a microbiological culture is important for both cell growth and chitinase accumulation, but the optimal pH is not normally the same for both. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pH on chitinase production by Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis strain SYBC-H1 (ATCC BAA-2140) in a mineral medium. The results of batch culture at different pH values showed that the optimum pH for cell growth and chitinase production varied with time, although KOH produced the best results for cell growth and chitinase production, NaOH was chosen because of cost considerations. We designed a three-stage pH control strategy using NaOH as the neutralizing agent. Maximum cell growth (1.07 g dry cell weight/l) and maximum chitinase activity (13.6 U/ml) were observed after culture at 26°C for 72 h in a mineral medium. These values were greater by 129% and 162%, respectively, and the length of time to attain maximum chitinase activity was decreased by 12 h, compared with results from an earlier study (Hao et al., 2011b).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alei Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Andreolli M, Lampis S, Zapparoli G, Angelini E, Vallini G. Diversity of bacterial endophytes in 3 and 15 year-old grapevines of Vitis vinifera cv. Corvina and their potential for plant growth promotion and phytopathogen control. Microbiol Res 2016; 183:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
25
|
Battini F, Cristani C, Giovannetti M, Agnolucci M. Multifunctionality and diversity of culturable bacterial communities strictly associated with spores of the plant beneficial symbiont Rhizophagus intraradices. Microbiol Res 2015; 183:68-79. [PMID: 26805620 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) live in symbiosis with most crop plants and represent essential elements of soil fertility and plant nutrition and productivity, facilitating soil mineral nutrient uptake and protecting plants from biotic and abiotic stresses. These beneficial services may be mediated by the dense and active spore-associated bacterial communities, which sustain diverse functions, such as the promotion of mycorrhizal activity, biological control of soilborne diseases, nitrogen fixation, and the supply of nutrients and growth factors. In this work, we utilised culture-dependent methods to isolate and functionally characterize the microbiota strictly associated to Rhizophagus intraradices spores, and molecularly identified the strains with best potential plant growth promoting (PGP) activities by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. We isolated in pure culture 374 bacterial strains belonging to different functional groups-actinobacteria, spore-forming, chitinolytic and N2-fixing bacteria-and screened 122 strains for their potential PGP activities. The most common PGP trait was represented by P solubilization from phytate (69.7%), followed by siderophore production (65.6%), mineral P solubilization (49.2%) and IAA production (42.6%). About 76% of actinobacteria and 65% of chitinolytic bacteria displayed multiple PGP activities. Nineteen strains with best potential PGP activities, assigned to Sinorhizobium meliloti, Streptomyces spp., Arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans, Nocardiodes albus, Bacillus sp. pumilus group, Fictibacillus barbaricus and Lysinibacillus fusiformis, showed the ability to produce IAA and siderophores and to solubilize P from mineral phosphate and phytate, representing suitable candidates as biocontrol agents, biofertilisers and bioenhancers, in the perspective of targeted management of beneficial symbionts and their associated bacteria in sustainable food production systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Battini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Cristani
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuela Giovannetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Agnolucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Statistical analysis of production of protease and esterase by a newly isolated Lysinibacillus fusiformis AU01: purification and application of protease in sub-culturing cell lines. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-0833-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|