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Akhtar R, Kumar TS. Phytoconstituent Profiling and Antifungal Efficacy of Artemisia absinthium L.: Towards Sustainable Bio-Fungicide Development. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2025; 197:288-312. [PMID: 39115786 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2025]
Abstract
Natural alternatives to synthetic fungicides are gaining prominence as the focus sharpens on developing protective products. In this regard, the present study aimed to discern the antifungal potential of Artemisia absinthium L., a traditional medicinal plant native to Kashmir, by identifying its key phytoconstituents. Here, we present the notable antifungal activity of the leaf extract of A. absinthium against Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium digitatum, and Alternaria solani, as observed through in vitro tests. Further refinement of the extract through chromatography isolated fraction 4 (F4), unveiling 27 compounds with no prior literature on their occurrence in A. absinthium. Additionally, in silico molecular docking analysis revealed three compounds which include Bruceine B (1), Guanidine, (phenylmethyl)- (2) and Ethyl alpha-d-glucoside (3) as potent inhibitors of multiple target key fungal enzymes such as endopolygalacturonase, chitin deacetylase and 1, 3, 8-trihydroxynaphthalene. The virtual screening unveiled compounds 1-3 within fraction 4, displaying robust binding energy ranging from -8 to -5.8 kcal/mol with multiple target enzymes. Notably, their efficacy surpassed that of the reference commercial fungicide, benodanil. This study underscores the burgeoning interest in harnessing natural alternatives for fungicidal applications, highlighting the potential of A. absinthium as a valuable resource in the quest for sustainable and effective bio-fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafia Akhtar
- Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sadeghi M, Miroliaei M, Ghanadian M. Drug repurposing for diabetes mellitus: In silico and in vitro investigation of DrugBank database for α-glucosidase inhibitors. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132164. [PMID: 38729474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The process of developing novel compounds/drugs is arduous, time-intensive, and financially burdensome, characterized by a notably low success rate and relatively high attrition rates. To alleviate these challenges, compound/drug repositioning strategies are employed to predict potential therapeutic effects for DrugBank-approved compounds across various diseases. In this study, we devised a computational and enzyme inhibitory mechanistic approach to identify promising compounds from the pool of DrugBank-approved substances targeting Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Molecular docking analyses were employed to validate the binding interaction patterns and conformations of the screened compounds within the active site of α-glucosidase. Notably, Asp352 and Glu277 participated in interactions within the α-glucosidase-ligand complexes, mediated by conventional hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, respectively. The stability of the docked complexes (α-glucosidase-compounds) was scrutinized through Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Subsequent in vitro analyses assessed the therapeutic potential of the repositioned compounds against α-glucosidase. Kinetic studies revealed that "Forodesine" exhibited a lower IC50 (0.24 ± 0.04 mM) compared to the control, and its inhibitory pattern corresponds to that of competitive inhibitors. In-depth in silico secondary structure content analysis detailed the interactions between Forodesine and α-glucosidase, unveiling significant alterations in enzyme conformation upon binding, impacting its catalytic activity. Overall, our findings underscore the potential of Forodesine as a promising candidate for DM treatment through α-glucosidase inhibition. Further validation through in vitro and in vivo studies is imperative to confirm the therapeutic benefits of Forodesine in conformational diseases such as DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sadeghi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mehran Miroliaei
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Sadeghi M, Miroliaei M, Ghanadian M, Szumny A, Rahimmalek M. Exploring the inhibitory properties of biflavonoids on α-glucosidase; computational and experimental approaches. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127380. [PMID: 37838108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Biflavonoids (BFs) are a group of polyphenols that have a unique biochemical structure. One of the key biomedical mechanisms that BFs can have high potential in managing Diabetes mellitus (DM) is α-glucosidase inhibition. Normally, elevated blood glucose levels are caused by high absorption of glucose in the epithelium of the small intestine. Since α-glucosidase helps increase the absorption of glucose in the small intestine in the final stage of glycan catabolism, inhibition of this essential biochemical process in diabetic patients can be considered a suitable approach in the treatment of this disease. The interaction between the BFs and α-glucosidase are still not clear, and need to be deeply investigated. Herein, the aim is to identify BFs with strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Using docking-based virtual screening approach, the potential binding affinity of 18 selected BFs to α-glucosidase was evaluated. The dynamic activity and stability of α-glucosidase-BFs complexes were then measured by molecular dynamics simulation (MDs). "Strychnobiflavone" showed the best score in α-glucosidase inhibition. Arg315 and Phe303 involved in the interactions of α-glucosidase-strychnobiflavone complex through cation-π and π-π stacking, respectively. Based on in vitro kinetic studies, it was determined that the type of inhibition of "strychnobiflavone" corresponds to the pattern of mixed inhibitors. Furthermore, details of the interactions between strychnobiflavone and α-glucosidase were performed by in silico secondary structure content analysis. The findings showed when "strychnobifone" binds to the enzyme, significant alterations occur in the enzyme conformation affecting its catalytic activity. In general, the findings highlighted the potential of "strychnobiflavone" as a promising candidate for the treatment of diabetes mellitus through α-glucosidase inhibition. Further in vitro and in vivo studies have to confirm the therapeutic benefits of "strychnobiflavone" in conformational diseases such as diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sadeghi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mehran Miroliaei
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111 Isfahan, Iran
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Li X, An M, Xu C, Jiang L, Yan F, Yang Y, Zhang C, Wu Y. Integrative transcriptome analysis revealed the pathogenic molecular basis of Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 TB at three progressive stages of infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1001327. [PMID: 36304957 PMCID: PMC9593035 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1001327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani has a broad host range and results in significant losses in agricultural production. Here, an integrated transcriptomic analysis was performed to reveal the critical genes responsible for the pathogenesis of R. solani AG-3 TB on Nicotiana tabacum at different infection stages. The results showed that various differential expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in fatty acid metabolism, amino sugar, carbon metabolism, and cellular carbohydrate biosynthetic process at the early (6–12 hpi), middle (24–36 hpi), and late stage (48–72 hpi) of infection. Specifically, several critical genes such as shikimate kinase that were involved in the biosynthesis of an important fungal toxin, phenylacetic acid (PAA) showed markedly increase at 24 hpi. Additionally, the genes expression levels of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) were significantly increased at the late infection stage. Furthermore, we identified 807 potential secreted proteins and 78 small cysteine-rich proteins, which may function as fungal effectors and involved in the pathogenicity. These results provide valuable insights into critical and potential genes as well as the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of R. solani AG-3 TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengnan An
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuantao Xu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Luzhou Branch of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Luzhou, China
| | - Lianqiang Jiang
- Liangshan Branch of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Xichang, China
| | - Fangfang Yan
- Panzhihua Branch of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Panzhihua, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Yibin Branch of Sichuan Province Tobacco Company, Yibin, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Chong Zhang,
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Yuanhua Wu,
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Huang H, Jiang H, Zhang X, Li W, Wang P, Liu F, Wang J, Bai M, Cheng M. Computer-aided drug design, synthesis and identification of disulfide compounds as novel and potential allosteric PAK1 inhibitors. RSC Adv 2018; 8:11894-11901. [PMID: 35539390 PMCID: PMC9079282 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00621k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, which has been considered as one of the key regulatory factors in signaling network of tumor cells. Therefore, inhibition of PAK1 may be a potential approach to treat many types of solid tumors. Several allosteric inhibitors of PAK1 have been identified, and the most well known one is IPA-3. But its biological activity is not satisfied, and the structure activity relationship (SAR) of PAK1 allosteric inhibitors is unclear. In this study, we designed and synthesized 13 potential allosteric inhibitors by using computer-aided drug design based on the structure of the existing PAK1 allosteric inhibitors. All the compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, among which six were not reported previously. SAR was investigated by pharmacological studies and In03 and In06 showed increased PAK1 inhibition than previously reported IPA-3. These findings could guide further structure optimization of PAK1 inhibitors. p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, which has been considered as one of the key regulatory factors in signaling network of tumor cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwei Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District Shenyang China 110001
| | - Hailun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang China
| | - Pengliang Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District Shenyang China 110001
| | - Funan Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District Shenyang China 110001
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University China
| | - Mingfeng Bai
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee 37232 USA.,Center for Molecular Probes, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee 37232 USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee 37232 USA.,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee 37232 USA
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University China
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Adhikari P, Oh Y, Panthee DR. Current Status of Early Blight Resistance in Tomato: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2019. [PMID: 28934121 PMCID: PMC5666701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Early blight (EB) is one of the dreadful diseases of tomato caused by several species of Alternaria including Alternaria linariae (which includes A. solani and A. tomatophila), as well as A. alternata. In some instances, annual economic yield losses due to EB have been estimated at 79%. Alternaria are known only to reproduce asexually, but a highly-virulent isolate has the potential to overcome existing resistance genes. Currently, cultural practices and fungicide applications are employed for the management of EB due to the lack of strong resistant cultivars. Resistance sources have been identified in wild species of tomato; some breeding lines and cultivars with moderate resistance have been developed through conventional breeding methods. Polygenic inheritance of EB resistance, insufficient resistance in cultivated species and the association of EB resistance with undesirable horticultural traits have thwarted the effective breeding of EB resistance in tomato. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring EB resistance have been detected in the populations derived from different wild species including Solanum habrochaites, Solanum arcanum and S. pimpinellifolium, but none of them could be used in EB resistance breeding due to low individual QTL effects. Pyramiding of those QTLs would provide strong resistance. More research is needed to identify additional sources of useful resistance, to incorporate resistant QTLs into breeding lines through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and to develop resistant cultivars with desirable horticultural traits including high yielding potential and early maturity. This paper will review the current understanding of causal agents of EB of tomato, resistance genetics and breeding, problems associated with breeding and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Adhikari
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, 455 Research Dr., Mills River, NC 28759, USA.
| | - Yeonyee Oh
- Center for Integrated Fungal Research, Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
| | - Dilip R Panthee
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, 455 Research Dr., Mills River, NC 28759, USA.
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Chandrasekaran M, Chandrasekar R, Chun SC, Sathiyabama M. Isolation, characterization and molecular three-dimensional structural predictions of metalloprotease from a phytopathogenic fungus, Alternaria solani (Ell. and Mart.) Sor. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:131-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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